CN111413735A - Coal face rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method capable of simultaneously exciting multiple seismic sources - Google Patents
Coal face rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method capable of simultaneously exciting multiple seismic sources Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V1/44—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators and receivers in the same well
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- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal face rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method capable of simultaneously exciting multiple earthquake sources, which adopts the method that multiple earthquake sources are simultaneously excited at one time to generate multiple earthquake waves, and each detector continuously receives the multiple earthquake waves transmitted by the coal face; then, extracting a common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source from the multiple seismic waves received by each detector by adopting cross-correlation processing, and obtaining the first-arrival wave travel time of each seismic wave reaching each detector; finally, according to the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector and the obtained first arrival travel time, converting the speed reconstruction problem into solving the slowness in the discrete pixel, thereby obtaining the slowness in the discrete pixel; and finally, solving the slowness matrix based on a known iteration method to obtain the velocity distribution in the detection area, and completing the coal mine detection by the seismic tomography method. And the coal mine detection efficiency by adopting the seismic tomography method is effectively improved because the waiting for blasting interval is not needed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal face rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method capable of simultaneously exciting multiple seismic sources, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine detection.
Background
The existence of abnormal geological structures such as faults in a coal mining working face of a coal mine can influence the yield and the coal quality and is one of important factors threatening safety. The method has the advantages that the extension condition of the exposed fault of the upper lane and the lower lane is explored, the occurrence of the hidden fault and the development condition of the hidden structural plane are detected, and the method has important significance for improving the yield per unit of the fully mechanized caving face and ensuring the safety. The seismic tomography method is a technology for identifying the internal structure of a detection area by inverting a medium according to seismic wave travel time or seismic wave field observation data and acquiring the wave velocity, slowness, density or attenuation coefficient and the like of the medium in the detection area. In recent years, the technology is increasingly widely applied in the field of coal mines, and makes a great contribution to the safe production of the coal mines. The technology is mainly used for deducing the distribution conditions of typical abnormal areas such as geological structures, stress abnormal areas, coal seam thickness changes and the like in the coal rock mass, and can provide reference basis for working face mining design, dynamic disaster prediction, prevention and control effect inspection, safety measure control and the like in the coal mine production process.
However, in the practical application of the prior art in coal face anomaly detection, certain defects exist, namely the problem of low efficiency exists in the field data acquisition process. Taking a general project as an example, more than 200 blast holes need to be arranged, and field blasting personnel need to blast one by one; then, the geophones on the other side receive seismic waves generated by each shot. Because the adjacent blasting needs to be separated by more than 15 minutes for the safety of blasting personnel blasting each time, the conditions of ventilation, gas, coal dust, support and the like can be conveniently checked. At the same time, it is also necessary for safety reasons for the blasting personnel to maintain a safe distance of more than 120 meters from the point of initiation. The measures can effectively ensure the safety of blasting personnel, but can directly cause that most time of field construction is concentrated on blasting operation; therefore, the efficiency of coal mine detection by adopting a seismic tomography method is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method for the coal face capable of simultaneously exciting the multiple seismic sources, the blasting interval does not need to be waited, and the data required by the earthquake chromatography imaging method can be extracted and obtained by simultaneously exciting the multiple seismic sources at one time to perform coal mine detection, so that the coal mine detection efficiency by adopting the earthquake chromatography imaging method is effectively improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a coal face rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method capable of simultaneously exciting multiple seismic sources comprises the following specific steps:
A. side-by-side driving a plurality of seismic source excitation drill holes in a rail way on one side of the coal face towards the coal face, wherein the seismic source excitation drill holes are spaced at a certain distance from each other, a plurality of electric control seismic sources are respectively distributed in the seismic source excitation drill holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and then detonating lines of the electric control seismic sources are led out of the drill holes and are all connected with a low-pressure detonator;
B. arranging a plurality of detectors at equal intervals side by side on the inner side of a belt roadway on the other side of the coal face, wherein the plurality of detectors are all connected with the acquisition host through a connecting main line, so that each detector and the acquisition host form a coal face earthquake transmission observation system, and the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector is recorded;
C. starting the low-pressure exploder to enable each electric control seismic source to simultaneously excite to generate a plurality of seismic waves, enabling each detector to continuously receive the plurality of seismic waves transmitted through the coal face, and feeding data back to the acquisition host;
D. the common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source is extracted from the multi-channel seismic waves received by each detector by adopting cross-correlation processing, and the specific process is as follows:
a. firstly, selecting an electronic control seismic source, then determining a detector closest to the electronic control seismic source in all the detectors, receiving a seismic wave signal generated by the electronic control seismic source by the detector, determining the seismic wave signal as a reference signal, and determining the first arrival travel time of the reference signal (namely the time elapsed from the emission of the seismic wave from the electronic control seismic source to the reception of the detector);
b. setting the reference signal determined in the step a as x (t), wherein y (t) is any seismic wave data acquired by the rest detectors, and defining the correlation function of x (t) and y (t) as
Wherein R isxy(τ) is the result of cross-correlation of data x (t) with y (t) at a time delay of τ;
setting the characteristic component l contained in x (t)1Wherein l is1After the selected earthquake wave information of the electrically controlled earthquake source is processed by cross correlation, if y (t) contains a characteristic component l1If so, the component is highlighted, then a detector corresponding to the seismic wave data is determined, and finally the first-arrival travel time of the seismic wave generated by the selected electric control seismic source in the seismic wave data is obtained by taking the first-arrival travel time of the reference signal as a reference;
c. repeating the step b to obtain the first arrival travel time of the same electric control seismic source received by other detectors so as to obtain a common shot gather of the selected electric control seismic source;
d. repeating the steps a, b and c to obtain a common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source;
E. according to the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector and the first arrival travel time, carrying out seismic tomography, specifically:
according to the acquisition of the first-arrival wave travel time of seismic waves generated by each electric control seismic source, converting the speed reconstruction problem into the calculation of slowness in discrete pixels, and reconstructing a discrete image of the speed distribution in the working surface of the coal bed:
in the formula, TiReceiving the sum of the first-arrival travel times of seismic waves generated by the same electrically controlled seismic source for all the detectors LiThe path length of the ith ray; v (x, y) is the propagation velocity of the seismic wave; s (x, y) is the slowness in the discrete pixels; dijThe length of the ray in the jth grid on the ith ray is taken as the length of the ray in the jth grid on the ith ray; n is the total number of rays; m is the number of grids;
t for generating seismic waves by each electrically controlled seismic source is obtainediThe value, and thus the slowness S (x, y) within the discrete pixels; last radicalSolving the slowness matrix by a known iteration method can obtain the velocity distribution in the detection area.
Further, the electric control seismic source is a detonator.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that a plurality of seismic sources are simultaneously excited at one time to generate a plurality of seismic waves, and each detector continuously receives the plurality of seismic waves transmitted through the coal face; then, extracting a common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source from the multiple seismic waves received by each detector by adopting cross-correlation processing, and obtaining the first-arrival wave travel time of each seismic wave reaching each detector; finally, according to the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector and the obtained first arrival travel time, converting the speed reconstruction problem into solving the slowness in the discrete pixel, thereby obtaining the slowness S (x, y) in the discrete pixel; and finally, solving the slowness matrix based on a known iteration method to obtain the velocity distribution in the detection area, and completing the detection of the coal mine by the seismic tomography method. According to the invention, the plurality of seismic sources are simultaneously excited at one time without waiting for blasting intervals, and then the data required by the seismic tomography method can be extracted by adopting cross-correlation processing to carry out coal mine detection, so that the coal mine detection efficiency by adopting the seismic tomography method is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the position layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention receiving signals from multiple seismic sources to generate seismic waves;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-correlation process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for extracting single source seismic wave data from a multi-source seismic wave signal.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the method comprises the following specific steps:
A. side-by-side driving a plurality of seismic source excitation drill holes in a rail way on one side of the coal face towards the coal face, wherein the seismic source excitation drill holes are spaced at a certain distance from each other, a plurality of electric control seismic sources are respectively distributed in the seismic source excitation drill holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and then detonating lines of the electric control seismic sources are led out of the drill holes and are all connected with a low-pressure detonator;
B. arranging a plurality of detectors at equal intervals side by side on the inner side of a belt roadway on the other side of the coal face, wherein the plurality of detectors are all connected with the acquisition host through a connecting main line, so that each detector and the acquisition host form a coal face earthquake transmission observation system, and the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector is recorded;
C. starting the low-pressure exploder to enable each electric control seismic source to simultaneously excite to generate a plurality of seismic waves, enabling each detector to continuously receive the plurality of seismic waves transmitted through the coal face, and feeding data back to the acquisition host;
D. the common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source is extracted from the multi-channel seismic waves received by each detector by adopting cross-correlation processing, and the specific process is as follows:
a. firstly, selecting an electronic control seismic source, then determining a detector closest to the electronic control seismic source in all the detectors, receiving a seismic wave signal generated by the electronic control seismic source by the detector, determining the seismic wave signal as a reference signal, and determining the first arrival travel time of the reference signal;
b. setting the reference signal determined in the step a as x (t), wherein y (t) is any seismic wave data acquired by the rest detectors, and defining the correlation function of x (t) and y (t) as
Wherein R isxy(τ) is the result of cross-correlation of data x (t) with y (t) at a time delay of τ;
setting the characteristic component l contained in x (t)1Wherein l is1After the selected earthquake wave information of the electrically controlled earthquake source is processed by cross correlation, if y (t) contains a characteristic component l1The component is highlighted, the detector corresponding to the seismic wave data is further determined, and finally the first arrival travel time of the reference signal is taken as a reference to obtain the position in the seismic wave dataSelecting a first-motion wave travel time of the earthquake waves generated by the electric control earthquake source;
c. repeating the step b to obtain the first arrival travel time of the same electric control seismic source received by other detectors so as to obtain a common shot gather of the selected electric control seismic source;
d. repeating the steps a, b and c to obtain a common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source;
E. according to the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector and the first arrival travel time, carrying out seismic tomography, specifically:
according to the acquisition of the first-arrival wave travel time of seismic waves generated by each electric control seismic source, converting the speed reconstruction problem into the calculation of slowness in discrete pixels, and reconstructing a discrete image of the speed distribution in the working surface of the coal bed:
in the formula, TiReceiving the sum of the first-arrival travel times of seismic waves generated by the same electrically controlled seismic source for all the detectors LiThe path length of the ith ray; v (x, y) is the propagation velocity of the seismic wave; s (x, y) is the slowness in the discrete pixels; dijThe length of the ray in the jth grid on the ith ray is taken as the length of the ray in the jth grid on the ith ray; n is the total number of rays; m is the number of grids;
t for generating seismic waves by each electrically controlled seismic source is obtainediThe value, and thus the slowness S (x, y) within the discrete pixels; and finally, solving the slowness matrix based on a known iteration method to obtain the velocity distribution in the detection area.
Further, the electric control seismic source is a detonator.
Claims (2)
1. A coal face rapid earthquake transmission chromatography method capable of simultaneously exciting multiple seismic sources is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
A. side-by-side driving a plurality of seismic source excitation drill holes in a rail way on one side of the coal face towards the coal face, wherein the seismic source excitation drill holes are spaced at a certain distance from each other, a plurality of electric control seismic sources are respectively distributed in the seismic source excitation drill holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and then detonating lines of the electric control seismic sources are led out of the drill holes and are all connected with a low-pressure detonator;
B. arranging a plurality of detectors at equal intervals side by side on the inner side of a belt roadway on the other side of the coal face, wherein the plurality of detectors are all connected with the acquisition host through a connecting main line, so that each detector and the acquisition host form a coal face earthquake transmission observation system, and the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector is recorded;
C. starting the low-pressure exploder to enable each electric control seismic source to simultaneously excite to generate a plurality of seismic waves, enabling each detector to continuously receive the plurality of seismic waves transmitted through the coal face, and feeding data back to the acquisition host;
D. the common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source is extracted from the multi-channel seismic waves received by each detector by adopting cross-correlation processing, and the specific process is as follows:
a. firstly, selecting an electronic control seismic source, then determining a detector closest to the electronic control seismic source in all the detectors, receiving a seismic wave signal generated by the electronic control seismic source by the detector, determining the seismic wave signal as a reference signal, and determining the first arrival travel time of the reference signal;
b. setting the reference signal determined in the step a as x (t), wherein y (t) is any seismic wave data acquired by the rest detectors, and defining the correlation function of x (t) and y (t) as
Wherein R isxy(τ) is the result of cross-correlation of data x (t) with y (t) at a time delay of τ;
setting the characteristic component l contained in x (t)1Wherein l is1After the selected earthquake wave information of the electrically controlled earthquake source is processed by cross correlation, if y (t) contains a characteristic component l1If so, the component is highlighted, then a detector corresponding to the seismic wave data is determined, and finally the first-arrival travel time of the seismic wave generated by the selected electric control seismic source in the seismic wave data is obtained by taking the first-arrival travel time of the reference signal as a reference;
c. repeating the step b to obtain the first arrival travel time of the same electric control seismic source received by other detectors so as to obtain a common shot gather of the selected electric control seismic source;
d. repeating the steps a, b and c to obtain a common shot point gather of each electric control seismic source;
E. according to the position relation between each electric control seismic source and each detector and the first arrival travel time, carrying out seismic tomography, specifically:
according to the first-arrival wave travel time of seismic waves generated by each electric control seismic source, reconstructing a discrete image of the velocity distribution in the working surface of the coal bed:
in the formula, TiReceiving the sum of the first-arrival travel times of seismic waves generated by the same electrically controlled seismic source for all the detectors LiThe path length of the ith ray; v (x, y) is the propagation velocity of the seismic wave; s (x, y) is the slowness in the discrete pixels; dijThe length of the ray in the jth grid on the ith ray is taken as the length of the ray in the jth grid on the ith ray; n is the total number of rays; m is the number of grids;
t for generating seismic waves by each electrically controlled seismic source is obtainediThe value, and thus the slowness S (x, y) within the discrete pixels; and finally, solving the slowness matrix based on a known iteration method to obtain the velocity distribution in the detection area.
2. The method for the rapid seismic transmission tomography of the coal face with the simultaneous excitation of multiple seismic sources according to claim 1, wherein the electrically controlled seismic sources are detonators.
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