CN111409473B - Hydrogen fuel cell passenger car - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel cell passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN111409473B CN111409473B CN201911334340.7A CN201911334340A CN111409473B CN 111409473 B CN111409473 B CN 111409473B CN 201911334340 A CN201911334340 A CN 201911334340A CN 111409473 B CN111409473 B CN 111409473B
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- hydrogen
- passenger car
- fuel cell
- main body
- bottle
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002537 thrombolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/75—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car, which comprises a passenger car main body, wherein a wheel assembly, a seat and a cockpit are arranged, an equipment cabin is arranged below a rear seat of the passenger car main body, two sides of the tail part of the passenger car main body are respectively provided with a detachable shutter, the equipment cabin comprises an outer frame and a coaming arranged at the top and the front part of the outer frame, a fuel cell engine is arranged in a space surrounded by the outer frame, the coaming is a transparent plate or a coaming is formed with a transparent visible port capable of observing the fuel cell engine, the rear seat comprises a mounting bracket and a cushion detachably connected with the mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is formed with a hollow part capable of observing the fuel cell engine through the coaming or the transparent visible port; a lithium battery is arranged in the bus main body between the two wheel assemblies and is electrically connected with the fuel cell engine, and a visual window which is communicated with the equipment cabin and can observe the fuel cell engine and the lithium battery is arranged on the rear side surface of the bus main body. The invention has high visualization degree, convenient supervision and maintenance and good safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buses, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell bus.
Background
With the continuous deterioration of the climate environment and the frequent occurrence of haze weather in recent years, environmental protection is becoming a hot topic, and the relationship between the environment and people is becoming more and more intense. There is a non-negligible problem in environmental pollution-motor vehicles burn large amounts of fossil fuel, vehicle exhaust emissions occupy a large part, and increasingly, new energy vehicles are becoming necessary. The fuel cell is used as the final direction of the new energy vehicle, achieves complete pollution-free performance in energy sources and waste generation, and is the most ideal development trend of the new energy vehicle. At present, the development of the fuel cells in China enters a high-speed development stage, the more advanced and environment-friendly technology of the hydrogen fuel cells is gradually developed and becomes a new direction of the domestic automobile market, and the development of hydrogen fuel cell buses is inadvisable.
The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car disclosed in patent document CN209426885U comprises a passenger car body, wherein a plurality of plastic seats are arranged in the passenger car body, a cockpit is arranged at the head position in the passenger car body, two groups of wheels which are mutually symmetrical and are sleeved with an explosion-proof tire are respectively arranged at two sides of the side face of the passenger car body, an equipment cabin is arranged at the tail position of the passenger car body, an expansion water tank is arranged at the top position of the equipment cabin, and a hydrogen cylinder group formed by arranging a plurality of hydrogen cylinders in parallel through stainless steel pipes and connecting the hydrogen cylinders with each other, an electric air conditioner for ventilating the passenger car body, a fuel cell reactor for enabling hydrogen to generate chemical reaction and a fuel cell matched radiator for enabling the fuel cell reactor to radiate heat are sequentially arranged at the top of the passenger car body. Has the advantages of safety, easy maintenance and strong applicability.
Although hydrogen-fuel cell buses are more environmentally friendly and advanced, there is still a need to face the problems of strong hydrogen leakage, flammability, explosiveness, low maintainability, etc., and therefore, in order to ensure the safety of hydrogen supply and reaction, it is necessary to regularly monitor and maintain the operation of related components, which requires the hydrogen-fuel cell buses to have more visual designs and designs of maintainable structures to facilitate the monitoring and maintenance of buses.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car with high visual degree, convenient supervision and maintenance and good safety.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a hydrogen cell passenger car, includes the passenger car main part, respectively be equipped with a wheel subassembly around the bottom of passenger car main part, be equipped with a plurality of seats in the passenger car main part, the locomotive position in the passenger car main part is equipped with the cockpit, the afterbody back row in the passenger car main part is equipped with equipment compartment below the seat, be equipped with fuel cell engine in the equipment compartment, the afterbody both sides in the passenger car main part all are equipped with the communicating and detachable shutter of equipment compartment, the equipment compartment includes outer frame and install in outer frame top and anterior bounding wall, fuel cell engine installs in the space that the outer frame encloses, the bounding wall is the transparent plate or the bounding wall is formed with can observe the transparent visible mouth of fuel cell engine, the back row the seat include the installing support with the cushion of installing support detachable connection, the installing support is installed in equipment compartment top, its middle part is formed with can see through the bounding wall or the transparent visible mouth observes the cavity of fuel cell engine;
The lithium battery is arranged in the passenger car main body between the two wheel assemblies and electrically connected with the fuel cell, a visual window which is communicated with the equipment compartment and can observe the fuel cell engine and the lithium battery is arranged on the rear side face of the tail part of the passenger car main body, and a rear cover is movably arranged at the visual window.
In the scheme, the operation health states of the fuel cell engine and the lithium battery can be checked from the rear part at the visible window, the operation states of the fuel cell engine can be checked from the front part at the coaming part under the back seat, the cushion of the back seat can be detached, the fuel cell engine can be checked from the upper part, the fuel cell engine can be checked from the left direction and the right direction at the shutter, the operation supervision visualization of the main power part of the hydrogen fuel cell bus is facilitated, and when the fuel cell engine has a problem, the coaming of the equipment cabin can be detached according to the direction of the problem point, the shutter can be detached, and the back cover can be opened, so that the maintainability of all directions of the fuel cell engine is facilitated.
Further, be equipped with the drawer between two of lateral part of passenger train main part wheel subassembly, the drawer includes bottom plate and handle panel, the bottom plate with the bottom sliding connection of passenger train main part, the handle panel with the lateral part of passenger train main part is through panel lock latch hook, be equipped with on the bottom plate lithium cell and follow the drawer slip direction extends the tow chain that sets up, be equipped with in the tow chain and supply lithium cell with fuel cell engine electricity is connected's cable. The panel lock is opened, the drawer is pulled out, the running condition of the lithium battery can be visually and conveniently checked in multiple directions, the maintenance and replacement space is wide, and the operation is convenient.
Further, the drawer further comprises a transparent cover which is covered above the lithium battery and hinged with the inner wall of the handle panel, and fireproof cotton is arranged at the top of the transparent cover. The transparent cover is favorable for ensuring that the installation position of the lithium battery is not changed due to excessive shaking of the vehicle, the fireproof cotton isolates the lithium battery from the cabin where the passenger is located, and the battery can be prevented from being burnt to threaten the safety of the passenger.
Further, the top of the passenger car main body is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen storage system for the fuel cell engine, the high-pressure hydrogen storage system comprises a protective cover body, and a hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen filling module and a hydrogen supply module which are arranged in the protective cover body, wherein the hydrogen filling module is connected with the hydrogen storage module through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen storage module is connected with the hydrogen supply module through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen supply module is connected with the fuel cell engine through a hydrogen pipeline;
The hydrogen filling module comprises a filling port, a filter, a one-way valve and a mechanical pressure gauge, the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a first safety valve, a fusible plug valve, a bottle electromagnetic valve, a manual stop valve and a bleeding ball valve, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a main electromagnetic valve, a primary pressure reducing valve, an unloading valve, an overflow valve and a bleeding port;
The hydrogen storage device is characterized in that an in-bottle pressure sensor and an in-bottle temperature sensor are arranged in the hydrogen storage bottle, a pipeline pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen supply module, a hydrogen control monitoring chip is arranged in the cockpit, the hydrogen control monitoring chip is in communication connection with the in-bottle pressure sensor, the in-bottle temperature sensor, the pipeline pressure sensor, the bottle electromagnetic valve and the main electromagnetic valve, and the bottle electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the lithium battery.
By the arrangement, the hydrogen storage and supply of the passenger car are effectively monitored in real time, and the safety guarantee of the operation of the high-pressure hydrogen storage system is facilitated.
Further, the hydrogen storage bottle is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle with the pressure of 35 MPa.
Further, the protection casing body includes the body and is located a plurality of air inlets of body leading flank, connect in the body leading flank with the communicating fan of air inlet, be located a plurality of air outlets of body trailing flank and be located the access hole of body top surface, access hole department swing joint has the top cap, the fan with hydrogen control monitoring chip with the lithium cell electricity is connected. Is favorable for heat dissipation and hydrogen emission, and can avoid overhigh temperature or overhigh hydrogen concentration in the protective cover body.
Further, the hydrogen leakage detection device further comprises a central processor and a hydrogen leakage detection module electrically connected with the central processor, the central processor is further electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip, a first hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the filling port, a second hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the protective cover, a third hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the equipment cabin, a fourth hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the seat, a fifth hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the seat, the first hydrogen concentration sensor, the second hydrogen concentration sensor, the third hydrogen concentration sensor, the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor are electrically connected with the hydrogen leakage detection module, an electric skylight is arranged at the top of the bus body, and the electric skylight is electrically connected with the central processor and the lithium battery. The monitoring of hydrogen leakage conditions at key positions of the whole vehicle is facilitated, and safety of passengers and the whole vehicle is ensured.
Further, the fuel cell engine comprises a DC converter, an expansion kettle, a deionizer, a membrane humidifier, an intercooler, a galvanic pile, an air filter element, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen inlet pipe orifice, a high-pressure water pump and an electric drive block which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the passenger car main body. The parts are unfolded, so that the height of the fuel cell engine is reduced, and the space in the height direction of the main body of the passenger car is prevented from being excessively occupied.
Further, a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator are arranged at the bottom of the main body of the passenger car below the equipment cabin, the main radiator is connected with a galvanic pile of the fuel cell engine through a main heat exchange pipeline, and the auxiliary radiator dissipates heat for the lithium battery and the electric appliance of the fuel cell engine through an auxiliary heat exchange pipeline. The design of the two radiators is favorable for full heat exchange, and can stably radiate heat for the fuel cell engine, the lithium battery and the electric devices of the fuel cell engine, so that the safety of the whole vehicle is ensured.
Further, the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator are inclined and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom of the main body of the passenger car, and the lowest point of the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator is higher than the main beam of the wheel assembly. The two radiators are beneficial to reducing the possibility of being damaged in the driving process.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the visual degree is high, the supervision and maintenance can be facilitated, and the safety of hydrogen storage, hydrogen supply and catalytic reaction of the whole vehicle is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the accompanying drawings are as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural separation of the equipment bay according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a drawer according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the piping connection of the high-pressure hydrogen storage system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a control management block diagram of a central processing unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the structural distribution of a fuel cell engine according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an assembly schematic diagram of a primary heat sink and a secondary heat sink according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-passenger car body, 11-wheel assembly, 12-equipment cabin, 13-shutter, 2-fuel cell engine, 121-outer frame, 122-coaming, 1221-transparent visual port, 14-mounting bracket, 141-hollow portion, 3-lithium battery, 15-visual window, 16-drawer, 161-bottom panel, 162-handle panel, 163-transparent cover, 4-high pressure hydrogen storage system, 41-protective cover body, 422-filler port, 423-filter, 424-check valve, 425-mechanical pressure gauge, 426-hydrogen storage bottle, 427-first safety valve, 428-fusible plug valve, 429-bottle solenoid valve, 430-manual stop valve, 431-diffusing ball valve, 432-main solenoid valve, 433-first-stage pressure reducing valve, 435-overflow valve, 436-discharge port, 17-hydrogen control monitoring chip, 437-in-bottle pressure sensor, 438-in-bottle temperature sensor, 439-pipeline pressure sensor, 411-air inlet, 412-fan, 413-air outlet, 414-access port, 5-central processing unit, 51-hydrogen leakage detection module, 18-electric skylight, 21-DC converter, 22-membrane humidifier, 23-intercooler, 24-electric pile, 25-air filter core, 26-air compressor, 27-air compressor controller, 28-electric driving block, 201-main radiator, 202-auxiliary radiator.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car, such as a bus, a middle bus, etc., including a passenger car main body 1, wherein a wheel assembly 11 is respectively disposed at front and rear sides of a bottom of the passenger car main body 1, the wheel assembly 11 includes two wheels and a main beam connecting the two wheels, a plurality of seats are disposed in the passenger car main body 1, a cockpit is disposed at a head position in the passenger car main body 1, the seats for a driver to sit and a central main control board for the driver to view and operate are disposed, an equipment cabin 12 is disposed under a rear end row of the seats in the passenger car main body 1, a fuel cell engine 2 is disposed in the equipment cabin 12, two sides of a rear end in the passenger car main body 1 are both provided with a shutter 13 which is communicated with the equipment cabin 12, the equipment cabin 12 includes an outer frame 121 and a surrounding plate 122 which is mounted at the top and front of the outer frame 121, the fuel cell engine 2 is mounted in a space surrounded by the outer frame 121, the surrounding plate 122 is a transparent plate or the surrounding plate 122 is formed with a transparent surrounding plate capable of observing the fuel cell engine 2, and a transparent and acrylic plate 122 is formed in the space is covered by the outer frame 122, and a proper decorative plate is used for the surrounding plate; the rear seat comprises a mounting bracket 14 and a cushion detachably connected with the mounting bracket 14, the detachable mode is preferably a push-pull type mode, the disassembly and the assembly are more convenient, when the fuel cell engine 2 is required to be observed from the top, the cushion of the rear seat is removed, the mounting bracket 14 is arranged above the equipment compartment 12, the middle part of the mounting bracket is provided with a hollow part 141 capable of observing the fuel cell engine 2 through the coaming 122 or the transparent visible port 1221, and the hollow part 141 is visible when the cushion is disassembled;
the lithium battery 3 is arranged in the passenger car main body 1 between the two wheel assemblies 11, the setting height of the lithium battery 3 is lower than that of the fuel cell engine 2, the lithium battery 3 is electrically connected with the fuel cell engine 2, the rear side face of the tail part of the passenger car main body 1 is provided with a visual window 15 which is communicated with the equipment compartment 12 and can observe the fuel cell engine 2 and the lithium battery 3, and a rear cover is movably arranged at the visual window 15.
In the above scheme, the operation health state of the fuel cell engine 2 and the lithium battery 3 can be checked from the rear at the visible window 15, the operation state of the fuel cell engine 2 can be checked from the front at the coaming 122 under the back seat, the cushion of the back seat can be disassembled, the fuel cell engine 2 can be checked from the upper part, the fuel cell engine 2 can be checked from the left and right directions at the shutter 13, the operation supervision visualization of the main power component of the hydrogen fuel cell bus is facilitated, when the fuel cell engine 2 has a problem, according to the direction of the problem point, the coaming 122 of the equipment cabin 12 can be disassembled, the shutter 13 can be disassembled, and the back cover can be opened, so that the maintainability of all directions of the fuel cell engine 2 is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 3, a drawer 16 is disposed between two wheel assemblies 11 on the side of the passenger car body 1, the drawer 16 includes a bottom panel 161 and a handle panel 162, the bottom panel 161 is slidably connected with the bottom of the passenger car body 1, the handle panel 162 and the side of the passenger car body 1 are locked by a panel lock hook, the bottom panel 161 is provided with a tow chain extending along the sliding direction of the drawer 16 and the tow chain is provided with a cable for connecting the lithium battery 3 with the fuel cell engine 2. When the panel lock is opened, the drawer 16 is pulled out, namely the lithium battery 3 is pulled out, so that the running condition of the lithium battery 3 can be visually and conveniently checked in multiple directions, the maintenance and replacement space is wide, and the operation is convenient.
Further, the drawer 16 further includes a transparent cover 163 covering the lithium battery 3 and hinged to the inner wall of the handle panel 162, and a fireproof cotton is disposed on the top of the transparent cover 163. The transparent cover 163 is beneficial to ensuring that the installation position of the lithium battery 3 is not changed due to excessive shaking of the vehicle, and can be conveniently opened during maintenance, and fireproof cotton isolates the lithium battery 3 from a cabin where a passenger is located, so that the battery is prevented from being burnt to threaten the safety of the passenger.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the top of the passenger car body 1 is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen storage system 4 for the fuel cell engine 2, the high-pressure hydrogen storage system 4 includes a protective cover 41, and a hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen filling module and a hydrogen supply module which are disposed in the protective cover 41, wherein the hydrogen filling module is connected with the hydrogen storage module through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen storage module is connected with the hydrogen supply module through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen supply module is connected with the fuel cell engine 2 through a hydrogen pipeline;
The hydrogen filling module comprises a filling port 422, a filter 423, a one-way valve 424 and a mechanical pressure gauge 425, the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage bottle 426 and a bottle valve assembly, the bottle valve assembly comprises a first safety valve 427, a melting plug valve 428, a bottle electromagnetic valve 429, a manual stop valve 430 and a bleeding ball valve 431, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a main electromagnetic valve 432, a primary pressure reducing valve 433, an unloading valve 434, an overflow valve 435 and a bleeding port 436;
The hydrogen storage bottle is internally provided with an in-bottle pressure sensor 437 and an in-bottle temperature sensor 438, the outlet of the hydrogen supply module is provided with a pipeline pressure sensor 439, the cockpit is provided with a hydrogen control monitoring chip 17, the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 is in communication connection with the in-bottle pressure sensor 437, the in-bottle temperature sensor 438, the pipeline pressure sensor 439, a bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and a main electromagnetic valve 432, and the in-bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and the main electromagnetic valve 432 can be in wireless or wired connection and are electrically connected with the lithium battery 3.
The filler 422 supplies external hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle 426 for filling, the filter 423 is used for filtering tiny particles, so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging the service life of a sealing element (namely various valves) of the system, the one-way valve 424 is used for avoiding leakage of hydrogen from the filler 422, the mechanical pressure gauge 425 is used for displaying the hydrogen inlet pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle 426 so as to control the hydrogen inlet pressure, the hydrogen storage bottle 426 is used for storing hydrogen, the first safety valve 427 is used for automatically opening when the pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle 426 exceeds a set value of the first safety valve 427, thereby playing a pressure relief role, the thrombolytic valve 428 is used for automatically melting and playing a pressure relief role when the gas temperature in the hydrogen storage bottle 426 rises to a certain value, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 is controlled by the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17, the switch of the hydrogen storage bottle 426 is realized, in addition, the ignition switch of the cockpit can also be linked, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 is opened, hydrogen in the beginning to release the bottle electromagnetic valve 429, when the ignition switch is closed, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 is closed, the bottle electromagnetic valve 426 is sealed, the manual stop valve 430 is normally in a normally open state, the bottle electromagnetic valve is opened, the effect of being opened under the condition that the bottle electromagnetic valve 426 is out of control or the pressure exceeds a set value, the set value, thereby playing a pressure relief role of closing the bottle electromagnetic valve 426 can be opened, and can be automatically melted and plays a pressure relief role in the role of being realized, and can be used for realizing the hydrogen relief role of stopping valve.
By the arrangement, the hydrogen storage and supply of the passenger car are effectively monitored in real time, and the safety guarantee of the operation of the high-pressure hydrogen storage system 4 is facilitated.
The hydrogen storage bottles 426 are high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles of 35MPa, and the quantity and the volume of the hydrogen storage bottles 426 arranged on the passenger car are determined according to the maximum power of the electric components of the whole passenger car.
The protective cover body 41 comprises a body, a plurality of air inlets 411 arranged on the front side surface of the body, a fan 412 connected to the front side surface of the body and communicated with the air inlets 411, a plurality of air outlets 413 arranged on the rear side surface of the body and an overhaul port 414 arranged on the top side surface of the body, wherein a top cover is movably connected to the overhaul port 414, when the overhaul is not performed, the top cover is locked with the body, the overhaul port 414 is preferably opposite to the bottle valve assembly and the hydrogen supply module, the overhaul of the bottle valve assembly and the hydrogen supply module is facilitated, and the fan 412 is electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 and the lithium battery 3.
The fan 412 is powered by the lithium battery 3 instead of the fuel cell generator 2, and the opening and closing of the fan are controlled by the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17, generally, when the temperature transmitted by the temperature sensor 438 in the bottle is higher than a preset threshold value, the fan 412 is started to realize heat dissipation, which is beneficial to blowing out the hydrogen gas out of the body after the melting plug valve 428 melts the hydrogen gas and reducing the explosion risk.
In conclusion, the heat dissipation and the hydrogen emission are facilitated, and the excessive temperature or the excessive hydrogen concentration in the protective cover body 41 can be avoided.
Further, the hydrogen gas leakage detecting device further comprises a central processing unit 5 and a hydrogen gas leakage detecting module 51 electrically connected with the central processing unit 5, the central processing unit 5 is also electrically connected with the hydrogen gas control monitoring chip 17, the filling port 42 is provided with a first hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the inside of the protective cover body 41 is provided with a second hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the inside of the equipment compartment 12 is provided with a third hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the front seat is provided with a fourth hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the rear seat is provided with a fifth hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the first hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the second hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the third hydrogen gas concentration sensor, the fourth hydrogen gas concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen gas concentration sensor are electrically connected with the hydrogen gas leakage detecting module 51, the measuring precision of each hydrogen gas concentration sensor is 0-14000 ppm, and the hydrogen gas concentration sensors need to be calibrated regularly, so that the arrangement of the positions and the convenience of assembly and disassembly are needed to be fully considered;
In the above scheme, the hydrogen leakage detection module 51 is firstly configured to supply power to each hydrogen concentration sensor, and secondly configured to report data collected by each hydrogen concentration sensor to the central processor 5, where the central processor 5 evaluates the concentration of hydrogen according to program settings, and determines whether to alarm the cockpit and timely close each electromagnetic valve or brake the whole vehicle according to concentration conditions; for example, the central processing unit 5 is provided with a three-stage hydrogen concentration alarm strategy:
the primary hydrogen concentration alarm is carried out, firstly, the automatic switching is carried out to an electric mode, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and the main electromagnetic valve 432 are cut off after 10 seconds, finally, a driver drives the vehicle to a designated safe area, a special person checks the whole system, and a port is reserved for standby;
the secondary hydrogen concentration alarm, the red light alarm, remind the driver to switch to the electric mode, cut off bottle solenoid valve 429 and main solenoid valve 432, the driver will drive the car to the designated safe area and check the whole system by the special personnel;
And (3) alarming three-level hydrogen concentration, and alarming by a yellow lamp to remind a driver to stop in time and check a hydrogen supply system by using a hydrogen leakage detection tool.
The electric skylight 18 is arranged at the top of the bus body 1, and the electric skylight 18 is electrically connected with the central processing unit 5 and the lithium battery 3. When the hydrogen concentration measured by the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor exceeds the threshold value, the central processor 5 controls the electric sunroof 18 to open.
In conclusion, the monitoring of hydrogen leakage conditions at key positions of the whole vehicle is facilitated, and safety of passengers and the whole vehicle is ensured.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 7, the fuel cell engine 2 includes a DC converter 21, an expansion kettle, a deionizer, a membrane humidifier 22, an intercooler 23, a galvanic pile 24, an air filter 25, an air compressor 26, an air compressor controller 27, a hydrogen inlet pipe, a high-pressure water pump, and an electric drive block 28, which are not shown in the drawing, which are sequentially disposed along the width direction of the passenger car body 1. The DC converter 21 includes two components, i.e., a low-voltage to high-voltage component and a high-voltage to low-voltage component, and the fuel cell engine 2 further includes some system pipes required for heat dissipation of the stack 24 and the like.
The above-mentioned individual component parts are laid out so as to be advantageous in lowering the height of the fuel cell engine 2 and avoiding excessive occupation of the space in the height direction in the passenger car body 1, and therefore, the air filter 25 (part), the galvanic pile 24 (part), the membrane humidifier, the DC converter (part), part of the system piping, and the like can also be conveniently and directly viewed from the visible window 15.
As shown in fig. 8, a main radiator 201 and a sub radiator 202 are disposed at the bottom of the passenger car body 1 below the equipment compartment 12, the main radiator 201 is connected with the electric pile 24 of the fuel cell engine 2 through a main heat exchange pipeline, and the sub radiator 202 radiates heat for the lithium battery 3 and the electric devices of the fuel cell engine 2 through a sub heat exchange pipeline. The design of the two radiators is favorable for full heat exchange, and stably radiates heat for the fuel cell engine 2, the lithium battery 3 and the electric devices of the fuel cell engine 2, so that the safety of the whole vehicle is ensured.
Further, the main radiator 201 and the auxiliary radiator 202 are inclined and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the bottom of the passenger car body 1, and the lowest point of the main radiator 201 and the auxiliary radiator 202 is higher than the main beam of the wheel assembly 11. The two radiators are beneficial to reducing the possibility of being damaged in the driving process.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (7)
1. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car comprises a passenger car main body, wherein a wheel assembly is respectively arranged at the front and rear of the bottom of the passenger car main body, a plurality of seats are arranged in the passenger car main body, a cab is arranged at the position of a head in the passenger car main body, and the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car is characterized in that an equipment cabin is arranged below the seats at the rear tail in the passenger car main body, a fuel cell engine is arranged in the equipment cabin, two sides of the tail in the passenger car main body are respectively provided with a detachable shutter communicated with the equipment cabin, the equipment cabin comprises an outer frame and a coaming arranged at the top and the front of the outer frame, the fuel cell engine is arranged in a space surrounded by the outer frame, the coaming is a transparent plate or is provided with a transparent visible port capable of observing the fuel cell engine, the seats at the rear row comprise a mounting bracket and a cushion detachably connected with the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is arranged above the equipment cabin, and a hollow part capable of observing the fuel cell engine through the coaming or the transparent visible port is formed at the middle part of the mounting bracket;
A lithium battery is arranged in the passenger car main body between the two wheel assemblies and is electrically connected with the fuel battery, a visual window which is communicated with the equipment compartment and can observe the fuel battery engine and the lithium battery is arranged on the rear side surface of the tail part of the passenger car main body, and a rear cover is movably arranged at the visual window;
A drawer is arranged between the two wheel assemblies at the side part of the passenger car main body, the drawer comprises a bottom panel and a handle panel, the bottom panel is in sliding connection with the bottom of the passenger car main body, the handle panel and the side part of the passenger car main body are locked by the panel, the bottom panel is provided with a lithium battery and a drag chain extending along the sliding direction of the drawer, and a cable for electrically connecting the lithium battery with the fuel cell engine is arranged in the drag chain;
the drawer also comprises a transparent cover which is covered above the lithium battery and hinged with the inner wall of the handle panel, and fireproof cotton is arranged at the top of the transparent cover;
The top of the passenger car main body is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen storage system for the fuel cell engine, the high-pressure hydrogen storage system comprises a protective cover body, and a hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen filling module and a hydrogen supply module which are arranged in the protective cover body, wherein the hydrogen filling module is connected with the hydrogen storage module through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen storage module is connected with the hydrogen supply module through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen supply module is connected with the fuel cell engine through a hydrogen pipeline;
The hydrogen filling module comprises a filling port, a filter, a one-way valve and a mechanical pressure gauge, the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a first safety valve, a fusible plug valve, a bottle electromagnetic valve, a manual stop valve and a bleeding ball valve, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a main electromagnetic valve, a primary pressure reducing valve, an unloading valve, an overflow valve and a bleeding port;
The hydrogen storage device is characterized in that an in-bottle pressure sensor and an in-bottle temperature sensor are arranged in the hydrogen storage bottle, a pipeline pressure sensor is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen supply module, a hydrogen control monitoring chip is arranged in the cockpit, the hydrogen control monitoring chip is in communication connection with the in-bottle pressure sensor, the in-bottle temperature sensor, the pipeline pressure sensor, the bottle electromagnetic valve and the main electromagnetic valve, and the bottle electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the lithium battery.
2. A hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage bottle is a 35MPa high pressure hydrogen storage bottle.
3. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective cover body comprises a body, a plurality of air inlets arranged on the front side surface of the body, a fan connected to the front side surface of the body and communicated with the air inlets, a plurality of air outlets arranged on the rear side surface of the body and an overhaul port arranged on the top side surface of the body, a top cover is movably connected to the overhaul port, and the fan is electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip and the lithium battery.
4. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 3, further comprising a central processing unit and a hydrogen leakage detection module electrically connected with the central processing unit, wherein the central processing unit is further electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip, the filling port is provided with a first hydrogen concentration sensor, the protective cover is internally provided with a second hydrogen concentration sensor, the equipment cabin is internally provided with a third hydrogen concentration sensor, the front seat is provided with a fourth hydrogen concentration sensor, the rear seat is provided with a fifth hydrogen concentration sensor, the first hydrogen concentration sensor, the second hydrogen concentration sensor, the third hydrogen concentration sensor, the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor are electrically connected with the hydrogen leakage detection module, and the top of the passenger car body is provided with an electric skylight which is electrically connected with the central processing unit and the lithium battery.
5. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell engine comprises a DC converter, an expansion kettle, a deionizer, a membrane humidifier, an intercooler, a galvanic pile, an air filter element, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen inlet pipe orifice, a high-pressure water pump and an electric drive block which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the passenger car body.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 1, wherein a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator are arranged at the bottom of the passenger car body below the equipment cabin, the main radiator is connected with a galvanic pile of the fuel cell engine through a main heat exchange pipeline, and the auxiliary radiator radiates heat for electric devices of the lithium battery and the fuel cell engine through an auxiliary heat exchange pipeline.
7. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 6, wherein the primary radiator and the secondary radiator are inclined and are disposed symmetrically on both sides of the bottom of the passenger car body, and the lowest points of the primary radiator and the secondary radiator are higher than the main beams of the wheel assemblies.
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| CN113415178B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-07-29 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell truck arrangement structure |
| CN113851685B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-18 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen leakage prevention device for marine fuel cell system |
| EP4202881A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-28 | Volvo Truck Corporation | An alarm system and method therein for detecting gas leakage from a vehicle |
| WO2023204797A1 (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-10-26 | Us Hybrid Corporation | Advanced fuel control for fuel cells |
| CN117472154B (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-12 | 融科联创(天津)信息技术有限公司 | Protection device of processor |
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| CN209426885U (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-09-24 | 上海申龙客车有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car |
| CN211617446U (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-10-02 | 山东明宇新能源技术有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell passenger car |
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| CN209426885U (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-09-24 | 上海申龙客车有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car |
| CN211617446U (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-10-02 | 山东明宇新能源技术有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell passenger car |
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