CN111409473A - Hydrogen fuel cell passenger car - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel cell passenger car Download PDFInfo
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- CN111409473A CN111409473A CN201911334340.7A CN201911334340A CN111409473A CN 111409473 A CN111409473 A CN 111409473A CN 201911334340 A CN201911334340 A CN 201911334340A CN 111409473 A CN111409473 A CN 111409473A
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/75—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car, which comprises a passenger car main body, wherein the passenger car main body is provided with a wheel assembly, seats and a cockpit, an equipment cabin is arranged below a back row seat of the passenger car main body, two sides of the tail part of the passenger car main body are respectively provided with a detachable shutter, the equipment cabin comprises an outer frame and enclosing plates arranged at the top part and the front part of the outer frame, a fuel cell engine is arranged in a space enclosed by the outer frame, the enclosing plates are transparent plates or enclosing plates, a transparent view port capable of observing the fuel cell engine is formed in the enclosing plates, the back row seat comprises a mounting bracket and a cushion detachably connected with the mounting bracket, and the mounting bracket is provided with a hollow part capable of observing; be equipped with the lithium cell in the passenger train main part between two wheel subassemblies, the lithium cell is connected with fuel cell engine electricity, and passenger train main part trailing flank is equipped with and communicates with each other and can observe the visual window of fuel cell engine and lithium cell with the equipment compartment. The invention has high visualization degree, convenient supervision and maintenance and good safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of passenger cars, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car.
Background
With the continuous deterioration of climate and frequent haze in recent years, environmental protection becomes a hot topic, and the relationship between the environment and people becomes more and more tense. A considerable problem exists in environmental pollution, namely that vehicles burn a large amount of fossil fuel, the exhaust emission of the vehicles occupies a large part, and the development of new energy vehicles is imperative increasingly. The fuel cell is the final direction of new energy vehicles, achieves complete pollution-free on energy sources and waste generation, and is the most ideal development trend of new energy vehicles. At present, the development of fuel cells in China enters a high-speed development stage, the more advanced and environment-friendly technology of hydrogen fuel cells is gradually developed and strengthened, the technology becomes a new direction of the domestic automobile market, and the development of hydrogen fuel cell passenger cars is out of gear.
Such as "a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car" disclosed in patent document No. CN209426885U, comprising a car body, a plurality of plastic seats are arranged in the passenger car body, a cockpit is arranged at the position of the car head in the passenger car body, two groups of wheels which are mutually symmetrical and are sleeved with explosion-proof tires are respectively arranged on two sides of the side surface of the passenger car body, an equipment cabin is arranged at the tail part of the passenger car body, an expansion water tank is arranged at the top part of the equipment cabin, the top of the bus body is sequentially provided with a hydrogen cylinder group, an electric air conditioner, a fuel cell reactor and a fuel cell matched radiator, wherein the hydrogen cylinder group is formed by parallelly arranging and mutually connecting a plurality of hydrogen cylinders through stainless steel pipes, the electric air conditioner is used for exchanging air for the bus body, the fuel cell reactor is used for enabling hydrogen to generate chemical reaction, and the fuel cell matched radiator is used for enabling the fuel cell reactor to radiate heat. The method has the advantages of safety, easy maintenance and strong applicability.
Although the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car is more environment-friendly and advanced, the problems of strong leakage, inflammability, explosiveness, low maintainability and the like of hydrogen are still required to be faced, therefore, in order to ensure the safety of hydrogen supply and reaction, the running conditions of related parts need to be monitored and maintained regularly, and the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car is required to be provided with more visual designs and maintainable structural designs to provide convenience for the supervision and maintenance of the passenger car.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car which has high visualization degree, convenient supervision and maintenance and good safety, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car comprises a passenger car body, wherein a wheel assembly is respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the bottom of the passenger car body, a plurality of seats are arranged in the passenger car body, a cockpit is arranged at the position of the head in the passenger car body, an equipment cabin is arranged under the seats at the rear row of the tail in the passenger car body, a fuel cell engine is arranged in the equipment cabin, shutters which are communicated with and detachable from the equipment cabin are arranged at the two sides of the tail in the passenger car body, the equipment cabin comprises an outer frame and surrounding plates which are arranged at the top and the front of the outer frame, the fuel cell engine is arranged in a space surrounded by the outer frame, the surrounding plates are transparent plates or are provided with transparent view ports capable of observing the fuel cell engine, and the seats at the rear row comprise mounting brackets and cushions detachably connected with the mounting brackets, the mounting bracket is mounted above the equipment cabin, and a hollow part which can observe the fuel cell engine through the coaming or the transparent visual port is formed in the middle of the mounting bracket;
two between the wheel subassembly be equipped with the lithium cell in the passenger train main part, the lithium cell with fuel cell engine electricity is connected, the afterbody trailing flank of passenger train main part be equipped with the equipment cabin communicates with each other and can observe the fuel cell engine with the visual window of lithium cell, visual window department movable mounting has the back lid.
In the above scheme, can follow the rear at visual window department and look over fuel cell engine and lithium cell operation health, the running state of fuel cell engine can be looked over from the front in bounding wall department under the back row seat, the cushion of back row seat is unpacked apart, still can look over fuel cell engine from upper portion, can follow left and right sides two directions at shutter department and look over fuel cell engine, be favorable to the operation supervision visualization of hydrogen fuel cell passenger train main power part, when fuel cell engine goes wrong, according to the position of problem point place, both can demolish the bounding wall in equipment compartment, also can demolish the shutter, can also open the back cover, therefore, the maintainability in each position of fuel cell engine has been facilitated.
Furthermore, a drawer is arranged between the two wheel assemblies on the side portion of the passenger car body and comprises a bottom panel and a handle panel, the bottom panel is in sliding connection with the bottom of the passenger car body, the handle panel is locked with a lock hook through a panel on the side portion of the passenger car body, the bottom panel is provided with the lithium battery and a drag chain extending along the sliding direction of the drawer, and a cable for electrically connecting the lithium battery with the fuel cell engine is arranged in the drag chain. The panel lock is opened, the drawer is pulled out, the operation condition of the lithium battery can be visually, conveniently and diversely checked, the space for maintenance and replacement is wide, and the operation is convenient.
Furthermore, the drawer also comprises a transparent cover which is covered above the lithium battery and hinged with the inner wall of the handle panel, and fireproof cotton is arranged at the top of the transparent cover. The transparent cover is favorable to guaranteeing that lithium cell mounted position does not excessively rock because of the vehicle and changes, and the fire prevention is cotton keeps apart lithium cell and passenger place cabin, can prevent that the battery from catching fire and causing the threat to passenger's safety.
Further, the top of the passenger car main body is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen storage system opposite to the fuel cell engine, the high-pressure hydrogen storage system comprises a protective cover body, and a hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen filling module and a hydrogen supply module which are arranged in the protective cover body, the hydrogen filling module is connected with the hydrogen storage module through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen storage module is connected with the hydrogen supply module through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen supply module is connected with the fuel cell engine through a hydrogen pipeline;
the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a first safety valve, a fusible plug valve, a bottle electromagnetic valve, a manual stop valve and a relief ball valve, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a main electromagnetic valve, a primary pressure reducing valve, an unloading valve, an overflow valve and a relief port;
be equipped with in-bottle pressure sensor and the bottle temperature sensor in the hydrogen storage bottle, hydrogen supply module exit is equipped with pipeline pressure sensor, the cockpit is equipped with hydrogen control monitoring chip, hydrogen control monitoring chip with in-bottle pressure sensor, the bottle temperature sensor, pipeline pressure sensor, bottle solenoid valve and main solenoid valve communication connection, the bottle solenoid valve with main solenoid valve with the lithium cell electricity is connected.
By the arrangement, the hydrogen storage and supply of the passenger car can be effectively monitored in real time, and the safety guarantee of the operation of a high-pressure hydrogen storage system is facilitated.
Further, the hydrogen storage bottle is a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle with the pressure of 35 MPa.
Further, the protective cover body comprises a body, a plurality of air inlets, a fan, a plurality of air outlets and an access opening, wherein the air inlets are formed in the front side face of the body, the fan is connected to the front side face of the body and communicated with the air inlets, the air outlets are formed in the rear side face of the body, the access opening is formed in the top side face of the body, a top cover is movably connected to the access opening, and the fan is electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip and the lithium battery. The heat dissipation and the hydrogen emission are facilitated, and the overhigh temperature or the overhigh hydrogen concentration in the protective cover body can be avoided.
Further comprises a central processing unit and a hydrogen leakage detection module electrically connected with the central processing unit, the central processor is also electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip, the filling port is provided with a first hydrogen concentration sensor, the protecting cover body is internally provided with a second hydrogen concentration sensor, a third hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the equipment cabin, a fourth hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the front row of seats, a fifth hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the rear row of seats, the first hydrogen concentration sensor, the second hydrogen concentration sensor, the third hydrogen concentration sensor, the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor are electrically connected with the hydrogen leakage detection module, and an electric skylight is arranged at the top of the passenger car main body and is electrically connected with the central processor and the lithium battery. The method is favorable for monitoring the hydrogen leakage condition of the key position of the whole vehicle, and ensures the safety of passengers and the whole vehicle.
Further, the fuel cell engine includes along DC converter, expansion kettle, deionizer, membrane humidifier, intercooler, galvanic pile, air filter, air compressor machine controller, advance the hydrogen mouth of pipe, high pressure water pump and the electricity piece that passenger train main part width direction set gradually. The components are spread out, the height of the fuel cell engine is reduced, and the space in the height direction in the passenger car body is prevented from being excessively occupied.
Furthermore, a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator are arranged at the bottom of the passenger car main body below the equipment cabin, the main radiator is connected with a galvanic pile of the fuel cell engine through a main heat exchange pipeline, and the auxiliary radiator radiates heat for the lithium battery and electrical equipment of the fuel cell engine through an auxiliary heat exchange pipeline. The design of the two radiators is beneficial to sufficient heat exchange, and the radiators are used for stably radiating heat for fuel cell engines, lithium batteries and electric appliances of the fuel cell engines, so that the safety of the whole vehicle is ensured.
Further, the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the passenger car body in an inclined and symmetrical mode, and the lowest point of the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator is higher than the main beam of the wheel assembly. The possibility that the two radiators are damaged in the driving process is reduced.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the visualization degree is high, supervision and maintenance can be facilitated, and the safety of hydrogen storage, hydrogen supply and catalytic reaction of the whole vehicle is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate embodiments of the present invention or prior art solutions, the drawings are as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure at an equipment bay according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the drawer assembly provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of piping connection of a high-pressure hydrogen storage system according to example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of the control management of the central processing unit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of a fuel cell engine provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the assembly of the primary radiator and the secondary radiator provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-passenger car body, 11-wheel assembly, 12-equipment compartment, 13-shutter, 2-fuel cell engine, 121-outer frame, 122-coaming, 1221-transparent view port, 14-mounting bracket, 141-hollow portion, 3-lithium battery, 15-visible window, 16-drawer, 161-bottom panel, 162-handle panel, 163-transparent cover, 4-high pressure hydrogen storage system, 41-protective cover body, 422-filling port, 423-filter, 424-check valve, 425-mechanical pressure gauge, 426-hydrogen storage bottle, 427-first safety valve, 428-fusible plug valve, 429-bottle solenoid valve, 430-manual stop valve, 431-diffuse ball valve, 432-main solenoid valve, 433-primary pressure reducing valve, 435-overflow valve, 436-emission port, 17-hydrogen control monitoring chip, 437-in-bottle pressure sensor, 438-in-bottle temperature sensor, 439-pipeline pressure sensor, 411-air inlet, 412-fan, 413-air outlet, 414-inspection port, 5-central processing unit, 51-hydrogen leakage detection module, 18-electric skylight, 21-DC converter, 22-membrane humidifier, 23-intercooler, 24-electric pile, 25-air filter element, 26-air compressor, 27-air compressor controller, 28-electric driving block, 201-main radiator and 202-auxiliary radiator.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a hydrogen fuel cell passenger car, such as a bus, a minibus, etc., including a passenger car body 1, a wheel assembly 11 is respectively disposed at the front and the back of the bottom of the passenger car body 1, the wheel assembly 11 includes two wheels and a main beam connecting the two wheels, a plurality of seats are disposed in the passenger car body 1 for passengers to sit on, a cockpit is disposed at a position of a head of the passenger car body 1, the cockpit includes a seat for a driver to sit on and a central main control panel for the driver to view and operate, an equipment cabin 12 is disposed below the seat at the rear row of the tail of the passenger car body 1, a fuel cell engine 2 is disposed in the equipment cabin 12, shutters 13 which are communicated with and detachable from the equipment cabin 12 are disposed at two sides of the tail of the passenger car body 1, the equipment cabin 12 includes an outer frame 121 and a coaming 122 installed at, the fuel cell engine 2 is arranged in a space surrounded by the outer frame 121, the enclosing plate 122 is a transparent plate or a transparent visual port 1221 capable of observing the fuel cell engine 2 is formed on the enclosing plate 122, the enclosing plate 122 can be an acrylic plate, and a decorative felt is properly covered outside the enclosing plate, so that the coordination and consistency of the inside of the whole vehicle are ensured; the back row seat comprises a mounting bracket 14 and a cushion detachably connected with the mounting bracket 14, the detachable mode is preferably a push-pull type, the dismounting and the mounting are more convenient, when the fuel cell engine 2 needs to be observed from the top, the cushion of the back row seat is dismounted, the mounting bracket 14 is mounted above the equipment cabin 12, a hollow part 141 which can observe the fuel cell engine 2 through the coaming 122 or the transparent visual port 1221 is formed in the middle of the mounting bracket, and the hollow part 141 is visible when the cushion is dismounted;
two between the wheel subassembly 11 be equipped with lithium cell 3 in the passenger train main part 1, lithium cell 3 and set up highly to be less than fuel cell engine 2, lithium cell 3 with fuel cell engine 2 electricity is connected, passenger train main part 1's afterbody trailing flank be equipped with equipment cabin 12 communicates with each other and can observe fuel cell engine 2 with lithium cell 3's visual window 15, visual window 15 department movable mounting has the back lid.
In the above scheme, the operation health states of the fuel cell engine 2 and the lithium battery 3 can be checked from the rear part at the visual window 15, the operation state of the fuel cell engine 2 can be checked from the front part at the coaming 122 under the rear row of seats, the seat cushion of the rear row of seats is disassembled, the fuel cell engine 2 can be checked from the upper part, the fuel cell engine 2 can be checked from the left direction and the right direction at the louver 13, the operation supervision visualization of the main power parts of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car is facilitated, when the fuel cell engine 2 has a problem, the coaming 122 of the equipment cabin 12 can be detached according to the position of the problem point, the louver 13 can also be detached, and the rear cover can be opened, so that the maintainability of the fuel cell engine 2 in all positions is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 3, a drawer 16 is disposed between two wheel assemblies 11 at the side of the passenger car body 1, the drawer 16 includes a bottom panel 161 and a handle panel 162, the bottom panel 161 is slidably connected to the bottom of the passenger car body 1, the handle panel 162 is locked to the side of the passenger car body 1 by a panel lock hook, the lithium battery 3 and a tow chain extending along the sliding direction of the drawer 16 are disposed on the bottom panel 161, and a cable for electrically connecting the lithium battery 3 and the fuel cell engine 2 is disposed in the tow chain. Open the panel lock, pull out drawer 16, pulled out lithium cell 3 promptly, can be directly perceived convenient diversified operational aspect and the maintenance of looking over lithium cell 3, change the space spacious, convenient operation.
Further, the drawer 16 further includes a transparent cover 163 covering the lithium battery 3 and hinged to the inner wall of the handle panel 162, and the top of the transparent cover 163 is provided with fireproof cotton. Transparent cover 163 is favorable to guaranteeing that lithium cell 3 mounted position does not excessively rock and change because of the vehicle, during the maintenance, opening that can also be convenient, the cotton lithium cell 3 of preventing fires can prevent to cause the threat to passenger's safety with passenger's place cabin isolation.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a high-pressure hydrogen storage system 4 is disposed at the top of the passenger car body 1 opposite to the fuel cell engine 2, the high-pressure hydrogen storage system 4 includes a protective cover body 41, and a hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen filling module and a hydrogen supply module disposed in the protective cover body 41, the hydrogen filling module is connected to the hydrogen storage module through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen storage module is connected to the hydrogen supply module through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen supply module is connected to the fuel cell engine 2 through a hydrogen pipeline;
the hydrogen filling module comprises a filling port 422, a filter 423, a one-way valve 424 and a mechanical pressure gauge 425, the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage bottle 426 and a bottle valve assembly, the bottle valve assembly comprises a first safety valve 427, a fusible plug valve 428, a bottle electromagnetic valve 429, a manual stop valve 430 and a diffusion ball valve 431, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a main electromagnetic valve 432, a primary pressure reducing valve 433, an unloading valve 434, an overflow valve 435 and a diffusion port 436;
the hydrogen storage device is characterized in that an in-bottle pressure sensor 437 and an in-bottle temperature sensor 438 are arranged in the hydrogen storage bottle, a pipeline pressure sensor 439 is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen supply module, a hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 is arranged in the cockpit, the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 is in communication connection with the in-bottle pressure sensor 437, the in-bottle temperature sensor 438, the pipeline pressure sensor 439, a bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and a main electromagnetic valve 432, and the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 can be wireless or wired, and the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and the main electromagnetic valve 432 are electrically connected with the lithium battery 3.
The filling port 422 is used for filling hydrogen from the outside into the hydrogen storage bottle 426, the filter 423 is used for filtering fine particles so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging the service life of system sealing elements (namely various valves), the check valve 424 is used for avoiding the leakage of the hydrogen from the filling port 422, the mechanical pressure gauge 425 is used for displaying the hydrogen inlet pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle 426 so as to control the hydrogen inlet pressure, the hydrogen storage bottle 426 is used for storing the hydrogen, the first safety valve 427 is used for automatically opening when the pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle 426 exceeds the set value of the first safety valve 427, thereby playing a role of pressure relief, the fusible plug valve 428 is used for automatically melting and playing a role of pressure relief when the temperature of the gas in the hydrogen storage bottle 426 rises to a certain value, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 is controlled by the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 to realize the opening and closing of the bottle 426, in addition, the ignition switch linkage of the cockpit can be realized, when the ignition switch is opened, when the ignition switch is turned off, the bottle solenoid valve 429 is closed, the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle 426 is sealed, the manual stop valve 430 is normally in a normally open state, the bottle solenoid valve 429 plays a role in closing a main valve under the condition of being out of control or failure, a pipeline pressure maintaining experiment can be performed by closing the manual stop valve 430, the diffusion ball valve 431 can be a manual ball valve and is used for emptying residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle 426 under dangerous conditions to avoid explosion, the main solenoid valve 432 is controlled by the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17 to realize the hydrogen supply interruption treatment under emergency conditions, the primary pressure reducing valve 433 and the unloading valve 434 are used for realizing the hydrogen pressure control in the gas supply process, and the overflow valve 435 is used for controlling the hydrogen flow and the diffusion port 436 is used for the hydrogen emptying control under the pipeline pressure maintaining and the emergency conditions.
By the arrangement, the hydrogen storage and supply of the passenger car can be effectively monitored in real time, and the safety guarantee of the operation of the high-pressure hydrogen storage system 4 is facilitated.
The hydrogen storage bottles 426 are high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles of 35MPa, and the number and the volume of the hydrogen storage bottles 426 arranged on the passenger car are determined according to the maximum power of electric parts of the whole passenger car.
The protective cover body 41 comprises a body, a plurality of air inlets 411 arranged on the front side surface of the body, a fan 412 connected with the front side surface of the body and communicated with the air inlets 411, a plurality of air outlets 413 arranged on the rear side surface of the body and an access hole 414 arranged on the top side surface of the body, wherein the access hole 414 is movably connected with a top cover, when the protective cover body is not overhauled, the top cover is locked with the body, the preferred access hole 414 is right opposite to the bottle valve component and the hydrogen supply module, so that the maintenance of the bottle valve component and the hydrogen supply module is convenient, and the fan 412 is electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip.
The fan 412 is powered by the lithium battery 3 instead of the fuel cell generator 2, the opening and closing of the fan is controlled by the hydrogen control and monitoring chip 17, generally, when the temperature transmitted by the temperature sensor 438 in the bottle is higher than a preset threshold, the fan 412 is turned on to realize heat dissipation, which is beneficial to quickly blowing hydrogen out of the body after the fused hydrogen is released by the fusible plug valve 428, so as to reduce the risk of explosion, and in addition, a temperature sensor can be arranged in the body to control the opening and closing of the fan 412.
In conclusion, the heat dissipation and the hydrogen emission are facilitated, and the over-high temperature or the over-high hydrogen concentration in the protective cover 41 can be avoided.
Further, the hydrogen leakage detection device comprises a central processing unit 5 and a hydrogen leakage detection module 51 electrically connected with the central processing unit 5, wherein the central processing unit 5 is further electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip 17, the filling port 42 is provided with a first hydrogen concentration sensor, the protective cover body 41 is internally provided with a second hydrogen concentration sensor, the equipment cabin 12 is internally provided with a third hydrogen concentration sensor, the front row of the seat is provided with a fourth hydrogen concentration sensor, the rear row of the seat is provided with a fifth hydrogen concentration sensor, the first hydrogen concentration sensor, the second hydrogen concentration sensor, the third hydrogen concentration sensor, the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor are electrically connected with the hydrogen leakage detection module 51, the measurement precision of each hydrogen concentration sensor is 0-14000 ppm, and the hydrogen concentration sensors need to be calibrated regularly, therefore, the convenience of calibration and disassembly and assembly needs to be fully considered in the arrangement and installation of the position;
in the above scheme, the hydrogen leakage detection module 51 is used for supplying power to each hydrogen concentration sensor, and is used for reporting data acquired by each hydrogen concentration sensor to the central processing unit 5, the central processing unit 5 evaluates the hydrogen concentration according to program setting, and determines whether to give an alarm to a cockpit and whether to close each electromagnetic valve or brake the whole vehicle in time according to the concentration condition; for example, the central processing unit 5 is provided with a three-level hydrogen concentration alarm strategy:
the first-level hydrogen concentration alarm is carried out, firstly, the hydrogen concentration alarm is automatically switched to an electric mode, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and the main electromagnetic valve 432 are cut off after 10 seconds, and finally, a driver drives the vehicle to a designated safe area, inspects the whole system by a special person and reserves a port for standby;
a secondary hydrogen concentration alarm, a red light alarm, a driver is reminded to switch to an electric mode, the bottle electromagnetic valve 429 and the main electromagnetic valve 432 are cut off, and the driver drives the vehicle to a designated safe area and inspects the whole system by a special person;
and the three-level hydrogen concentration alarm and the yellow lamp alarm remind a driver to stop the machine in time to check the hydrogen supply system by using a hydrogen leakage detection tool.
An electric skylight 18 is arranged at the top of the passenger car body 1, and the electric skylight 18 is electrically connected with the central processing unit 5 and the lithium battery 3. When the hydrogen concentrations measured by the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor exceed the threshold value, the central processing unit 5 controls the power sunroof 18 to open.
In conclusion, the method is favorable for realizing the supervision of the hydrogen leakage condition of the key position of the whole vehicle and ensuring the safety of passengers and the whole vehicle.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from the previous embodiments in that, as shown in fig. 7, the fuel cell engine 2 includes a DC converter 21, an expansion tank, a deionizer, a membrane humidifier 22, an intercooler 23, a stack 24, an air filter 25, an air compressor 26, an air compressor controller 27, a hydrogen inlet pipe, a high pressure water pump, and an electric driver block 28, which are sequentially arranged in the width direction of the passenger car body 1, and the expansion tank, the deionizer, the hydrogen inlet pipe, and the high pressure water pump are not shown. The DC converter 21 includes two components, i.e., a low-voltage component to a high-voltage component and a high-voltage component to a low-voltage component, and the fuel cell engine 2 further includes some system pipes, such as a stack 24, which are required for heat dissipation.
Each component part is tiled to be arranged, so that the height of the fuel cell engine 2 is reduced, and the space in the height direction in the passenger car body 1 is prevented from being excessively occupied, therefore, the air filter element 25 (part), the electric pile 24 (part), the membrane humidifier, the DC converter (part), part of system pipelines and the like can be conveniently and directly viewed from the visible window 15.
As shown in fig. 8, a main heat sink 201 and an auxiliary heat sink 202 are disposed at the bottom of the passenger car body 1 below the equipment compartment 12, the main heat sink 201 is connected to the electric pile 24 of the fuel cell engine 2 through a main heat exchange pipe, and the auxiliary heat sink 202 dissipates heat for the lithium battery 3 and the electric devices of the fuel cell engine 2 through an auxiliary heat exchange pipe. The design of the two radiators is beneficial to sufficient heat exchange, and the radiators for the fuel cell engine 2, the lithium battery 3 and the electrical equipment of the fuel cell engine 2 are stably radiated, so that the safety of the whole vehicle is ensured.
Further, the main radiator 201 and the auxiliary radiator 202 are inclined and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the bottom of the passenger car body 1, and the lowest point of the main radiator 201 and the auxiliary radiator 202 is higher than the main beam of the wheel assembly 11. The possibility that the two radiators are damaged in the driving process is reduced.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrogen fuel cell passenger car comprises a passenger car body, wherein a wheel assembly is respectively arranged at the front and the rear of the bottom of the passenger car body, a plurality of seats are arranged in the passenger car body, and a cab is arranged at the position of the head in the passenger car body, and is characterized in that an equipment cabin is arranged below the rear tail row in the passenger car body, a fuel cell engine is arranged in the equipment cabin, shutters which are communicated with the equipment cabin and can be detached are arranged at two sides of the tail in the passenger car body, the equipment cabin comprises an outer frame and surrounding plates arranged at the top and the front of the outer frame, the fuel cell engine is arranged in a space surrounded by the outer frame, the surrounding plates are transparent plates or transparent view ports which can observe the fuel cell engine are formed on the surrounding plates, and the rear seat comprises a mounting bracket and a cushion which is detachably connected with the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is mounted above the equipment cabin, and a hollow part which can observe the fuel cell engine through the coaming or the transparent visual port is formed in the middle of the mounting bracket;
two between the wheel subassembly be equipped with the lithium cell in the passenger train main part, the lithium cell with fuel cell engine electricity is connected, the afterbody trailing flank of passenger train main part be equipped with the equipment cabin communicates with each other and can observe the fuel cell engine with the visual window of lithium cell, visual window department movable mounting has the back lid.
2. The passenger car with hydrogen fuel cells as claimed in claim 1, wherein a drawer is disposed between two wheel assemblies at the side of the passenger car body, the drawer includes a bottom panel and a handle panel, the bottom panel is slidably connected to the bottom of the passenger car body, the handle panel is locked to the side of the passenger car body by a panel lock hook, the lithium battery and a tow chain extending along the sliding direction of the drawer are disposed on the bottom panel, and a cable for electrically connecting the lithium battery to the fuel cell engine is disposed in the tow chain.
3. The passenger car with hydrogen fuel cells as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drawer further comprises a transparent cover covering the lithium battery and hinged to the inner wall of the pull handle panel, and the top of the transparent cover is provided with fireproof cotton.
4. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 1, wherein a high-pressure hydrogen storage system is arranged at the top of the passenger car body opposite to the fuel cell engine, and comprises a protective cover body, and a hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen filling module and a hydrogen supply module which are arranged in the protective cover body, wherein the hydrogen filling module is connected with the hydrogen storage module through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen storage module is connected with the hydrogen supply module through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen supply module is connected with the fuel cell engine through a hydrogen pipeline;
the hydrogen storage module comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a first safety valve, a fusible plug valve, a bottle electromagnetic valve, a manual stop valve and a relief ball valve, and the hydrogen supply module comprises a main electromagnetic valve, a primary pressure reducing valve, an unloading valve, an overflow valve and a relief port;
be equipped with in-bottle pressure sensor and the bottle temperature sensor in the hydrogen storage bottle, hydrogen supply module exit is equipped with pipeline pressure sensor, the cockpit is equipped with hydrogen control monitoring chip, hydrogen control monitoring chip with in-bottle pressure sensor, the bottle temperature sensor, pipeline pressure sensor, bottle solenoid valve and main solenoid valve communication connection, the bottle solenoid valve with main solenoid valve with the lithium cell electricity is connected.
5. The passenger vehicle with hydrogen fuel cells as claimed in claim 4, wherein the hydrogen storage bottle is a 35MPa high pressure hydrogen storage bottle.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the protective cover body comprises a body, a plurality of air inlets located on the front side of the body, a fan connected to the front side of the body and communicated with the air inlets, a plurality of air outlets located on the rear side of the body, and an access opening located on the top side of the body, wherein a top cover is movably connected to the access opening, and the fan is electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip and the lithium battery.
7. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 6, further comprising a central processing unit and a hydrogen gas leak detection module electrically connected to the central processing unit, the central processor is also electrically connected with the hydrogen control monitoring chip, the filling port is provided with a first hydrogen concentration sensor, the protecting cover body is internally provided with a second hydrogen concentration sensor, a third hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged in the equipment cabin, a fourth hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the front row of seats, a fifth hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at the rear row of seats, the first hydrogen concentration sensor, the second hydrogen concentration sensor, the third hydrogen concentration sensor, the fourth hydrogen concentration sensor and the fifth hydrogen concentration sensor are electrically connected with the hydrogen leakage detection module, and an electric skylight is arranged at the top of the passenger car main body and is electrically connected with the central processor and the lithium battery.
8. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger car according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell engine includes a DC converter, an expansion tank, a deionizer, a membrane humidifier, an intercooler, a stack, an air filter, an air compressor controller, a hydrogen inlet pipe orifice, a high pressure water pump, and an electric drive block, which are arranged in this order in the width direction of the passenger car body.
9. The passenger car with hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein a main radiator and an auxiliary radiator are provided at the bottom of the passenger car body below the equipment compartment, the main radiator is connected to the stack of the fuel cell engine through a main heat exchange pipe, and the auxiliary radiator radiates heat for the lithium battery and the electrical equipment of the fuel cell engine through an auxiliary heat exchange pipe.
10. The hydrogen fuel cell passenger vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the primary radiator and the secondary radiator are disposed at two sides of a bottom of the vehicle body in an inclined and symmetrical manner, and a lowest point of the primary radiator and the secondary radiator is higher than a main beam of the wheel assembly.
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| CN113415178A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-09-21 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell truck arrangement structure |
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| EP4202881A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-28 | Volvo Truck Corporation | An alarm system and method therein for detecting gas leakage from a vehicle |
| WO2023204797A1 (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-10-26 | Us Hybrid Corporation | Advanced fuel control for fuel cells |
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| WO2023204797A1 (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-10-26 | Us Hybrid Corporation | Advanced fuel control for fuel cells |
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Effective date of registration: 20210903 Address after: No. 191, Changshao North Road, Laiwu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Applicant after: Shandong Jiran hydrogen power Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250000 Ecological Software Park of Laiwu Xueye tourist area, Jinan City, Shandong Province Applicant before: Shandong Mingyu New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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