CN111409463A - Electric automobile and discharge protection circuit thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile and discharge protection circuit thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111409463A CN111409463A CN202010247053.9A CN202010247053A CN111409463A CN 111409463 A CN111409463 A CN 111409463A CN 202010247053 A CN202010247053 A CN 202010247053A CN 111409463 A CN111409463 A CN 111409463A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric automobile and a discharge protection circuit thereof. The circuit comprises: the discharging branch circuit is connected with a direct-current bus power supply of the electric automobile in parallel, the discharging branch circuit comprises a discharging resistor and a discharging switch which are connected in series, and the discharging switch is conducted when the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage; when the discharge switch is switched on, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch; and the delay switch is connected with the discharge switch and used for turning off the discharge switch when the discharge switch is continuously conducted for more than a preset delay time. Even if the low voltage of the discharge control unit is powered down due to external reasons and the high voltage of the direct-current bus battery is still continuous, the first switch included in the discharge branch circuit can be turned off through the time delay switch, so that the first switch is prevented from continuously releasing the voltage of the high-voltage battery and operating at a large current for a long time, and the first switch is prevented from being burnt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric automobiles, and particularly relates to an electric automobile and a discharge protection circuit thereof.
Background
The bus end energy storage capacitor of the motor controller for the new energy automobile is connected with the direct-current bus power supply in parallel, and the current limiting or buffering effect is achieved. When the electric automobile normally operates, certain electric quantity is stored in the bus end energy storage capacitor, and in order to improve the personal safety of electric automobile drivers or maintenance personnel, the electric quantity stored in the bus end energy storage capacitor needs to be quickly released to a position below the safe electric quantity after the electric automobile is flamed out and stops operating.
At present, can set up a discharge circuit that is used for discharging to bus-bar end energy storage capacitor in electric automobile, general discharge circuit includes two discharge branch roads that do not switch on simultaneously:
the discharging branch circuit comprises a switching tube, and the switching tube is controlled by the discharging control unit in the electric automobile to conduct the discharging branch circuit when the automobile works normally so as to release the high-voltage electricity of the direct-current bus battery to the ground;
the other discharging branch comprises another switching tube, and the switching tube actively conducts the discharging branch after the previous discharging branch is turned off under the condition that the whole vehicle is powered off, so that residual electricity in the energy storage capacitor at the bus end is released, and the safety is ensured.
The circuit has the advantage that even if the discharging control unit fails to work and the previous discharging branch is turned off, the discharging of the energy storage capacitor at the bus terminal can be ensured to be completed through the next discharging branch. However, in an abnormal situation, the circuit has a hidden danger that if the low voltage of the discharge control unit is powered down due to an external reason, and the high voltage of the dc bus battery is still continuous at this time, the switching tube included in the other discharge branch can continuously release the voltage of the high voltage battery, and a large current runs for a long time, so that the switching tube is burnt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, if the low voltage of a discharge control unit is powered down due to external reasons and the high voltage of a direct-current bus battery is still continuous, a switch tube included in the other discharge branch can continuously release the voltage of the high-voltage battery, and the switch tube is burnt due to long-time heavy-current operation, and provides an electric vehicle and a discharge protection circuit thereof.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a discharge protection circuit for an electric vehicle, comprising:
the discharging branch circuit is connected with a direct-current bus power supply of the electric automobile in parallel, the discharging branch circuit comprises a discharging resistor and a discharging switch which are connected in series, and the discharging switch is conducted when the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage; when the discharge switch is switched on, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the delay switch is connected with the discharge switch and used for switching off the discharge switch when the discharge switch is continuously switched on for more than a preset delay time.
Preferably, the direct-current bus power supply is connected in parallel with a bus-end energy storage capacitor of the electric vehicle; when the discharging switch is switched on, the energy storage capacitor at the bus end forms a loop with the ground through the discharging resistor and the discharging switch.
Preferably, the discharge protection circuit further includes:
the discharging triggering branch circuit is connected with the direct-current bus power supply in parallel, the discharging triggering branch circuit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a first switch which are connected in series, the first switch is respectively connected with a discharging control unit of the electric automobile and the discharging switch, and the discharging control unit is used for controlling the first switch; when the first switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the first divider resistor and the first switch, and the discharge switch is turned off; when the first switch is turned off and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the discharge switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch.
Preferably, the discharge protection circuit further includes:
the delay trigger branch circuit is connected with the direct-current bus power supply in parallel, and comprises a second voltage dividing resistor and a second switch which are connected in series, the second switch is connected with the discharge control unit, and the second switch is switched on or switched off according to an output electric signal of the discharge control unit or is switched off when the discharge control unit is powered down; when the second switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the second voltage dividing resistor and the second switch, and the time delay switch is turned off; when the second switch is turned off and the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage, the delay switch is turned on, the discharge switch is turned on with the ground through the delay switch, and the voltage of the discharge switch is pulled down until the discharge switch is turned off.
Preferably, the discharge switch includes a first NMOS (N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor) power switch tube, a drain of the first NMOS power switch tube is connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus power supply through the discharge resistor, a source of the first NMOS power switch tube is connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus power supply and grounded, and a gate of the first NMOS power switch tube is connected to the first switch.
Preferably, the first switch includes a first NPN triode, a collector of the first NPN triode is connected to a gate of the first NMOS power switch tube, the collector is further connected to an anode of the dc bus power supply through a first voltage dividing resistor, an emitter of the first NPN triode is connected to a source of the first NMOS power switch tube and a cathode of the dc bus power supply and grounded, and a base of the first NPN triode is connected to an anode of the discharge control unit;
the discharge triggering branch circuit also comprises a first resistor and a first voltage-regulator tube;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the discharge control unit and the base electrode of the first NPN triode respectively, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the discharge control unit and the emitting electrode of the first NPN triode respectively;
the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is grounded, and the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is connected with the first divider resistor.
Preferably, the delay triggering branch further includes a second resistor, a second voltage regulator tube, a third voltage regulator tube, a charging capacitor, and a third resistor;
the time delay switch comprises a second NMOS type power switch tube, the drain electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is connected with the discharge switch, the source electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is grounded, the gate electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is connected with the anode of the third voltage regulator tube, and the gate electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is grounded through the third resistor;
the second switch comprises a second NPN triode, the base electrode of the second NPN triode is connected with the positive electrode of the discharge control unit, the collector electrode of the second NPN triode is respectively connected with the second divider resistor and the negative electrode of the third voltage-regulator tube, and the emitting electrode of the second NPN triode is grounded; one end of the second resistor is respectively connected with the anode of the discharge control unit and the base electrode of the second NPN triode, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the negative electrode of the second voltage-regulator tube is connected with the collector electrode of the second NPN triode, the positive electrode of the second voltage-regulator tube is grounded, the positive electrode of the charging capacitor is connected with the collector electrode of the second NPN triode, and the negative electrode of the charging capacitor is grounded.
An electric vehicle comprising:
a DC bus power supply; and the number of the first and second groups,
the discharge protection circuit as described above.
Preferably, the electric vehicle further includes: the bus end energy storage capacitor is connected with the direct current bus power supply in parallel; and the number of the first and second groups,
a discharge control unit.
Preferably, the discharge control unit includes a motor controller for a vehicle.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: even if the low voltage of the discharge control unit is powered down due to external reasons and the high voltage of the direct-current bus battery is still continuous, the first switch included in the discharge branch circuit can be turned off through the time delay switch, so that the first switch is prevented from continuously releasing the voltage of the high-voltage battery and operating at a large current for a long time, and the first switch is prevented from being burnt.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a discharge protection circuit of an electric vehicle according to a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A direct current bus power supply is arranged in the electric automobile and releases high voltage. And the bus end energy storage capacitor is connected in parallel with the direct-current bus power supply and is used for storing high voltage released by the direct-current bus power supply. The embodiment provides an electric automobile's protection circuit that discharges, can lead to the circumstances that falls the power down and the high pressure of direct current bus battery still lasts because of the external reason to the control unit low pressure that discharges, turn off the discharge switch on the branch road that discharges, prevent that the long-time heavy current operation of discharge switch from burning out.
The discharge protection circuit comprises a discharge branch and a time delay switch.
The discharging branch is connected with a direct current bus power supply of the electric automobile in parallel. The DC bus power supply can release high voltage electricity. The discharging branch circuit comprises a discharging resistor and a discharging switch which are connected in series, and the discharging switch is conducted when the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage; when the discharge switch is switched on, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch. The discharge resistor can absorb the voltage released by the direct-current bus power supply. The discharge switch plays the effect of switching on or off the branch that discharges, and the branch that discharges switches on the back because the high voltage of direct current bus power makes heavy current flow through the discharge switch, if so for a long time, can cause the discharge switch to burn out.
The delay switch is connected with the discharge switch. The delay switch is used for switching off the discharge switch when the discharge switch is continuously conducted for more than a preset delay time. The preset delay time can be set according to the type selection of the discharge switch, for example, according to a technical manual of specific type selection of the discharge switch, the duration large current time which can be borne by the discharge switch is calculated, and the heating value is within a reasonable range, namely the preset delay time at least does not exceed the duration large current time which can be borne by the discharge switch, and the discharge switch cannot be overheated in the time. Taking the example that the discharge switch is an NMOS type power switch tube, the corresponding preset delay time is preferably 7 seconds. The discharge switch can be automatically turned off when the discharge switch is continuously conducted for more than the preset delay time through the delay switch, so that the long-time heavy-current operation of the discharge switch is avoided, and the effect of protecting the discharge switch is achieved.
In this embodiment, the discharge switch is preferably a power device having a switching function, such as a mos tube or an IGBT. The time delay switch is preferably a triode or a mos tube.
In this embodiment, the dc bus power supply may be connected in parallel with a bus-end energy storage capacitor of the electric vehicle. The bus end energy storage capacitor can store partial high voltage of the direct current bus power supply, and plays a certain role in current limiting and buffering. When the discharging switch is switched on, the energy storage capacitor at the bus end can form a loop with the ground through the discharging resistor and the discharging switch. The discharge protection circuit of the embodiment can release the voltage on the energy storage capacitor at the bus terminal through the discharge branch circuit. Due to the parallel connection relationship between the direct current bus power supply and the bus end energy storage capacitor, the following discharging mode applicable to the direct current bus power supply is also applicable to the bus end energy storage capacitor.
In this embodiment, the discharge protection circuit may further include a discharge triggering branch.
The discharge triggering branch circuit can be connected with the direct current bus power supply in parallel. The discharge triggering branch may include a first voltage dividing resistor and a first switch connected in series. The first divider resistor may include at least one resistor connected in series. The first switch is respectively connected with a discharge control unit and a discharge switch of the electric automobile. The discharge control unit can be used for controlling the first switch, the discharge control unit can be specifically a motor controller of an electric automobile or other unit modules with control requirements on the on-off of a discharge branch, and the discharge control unit is low-voltage electricity. The first switch may be turned on or off according to an output electrical signal of the discharge control unit or turned off when the discharge control unit is powered down. When the first switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the first voltage dividing resistor and the first switch, and the discharge switch is turned off. When the first switch is turned off and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the discharge switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch. In the discharge protection circuit in this embodiment, the first switch plays a certain control role in turning on and off the discharge switch, and the first switch and the discharge switch belong to a relationship of turning on at different times, that is, if the first switch is turned on, the discharge switch is turned off, and if the first switch is turned off, the discharge switch is turned on.
In this embodiment, the first switch is preferably a triode or mos transistor.
In this embodiment, the discharge protection circuit may further include a delay triggering branch.
The delay triggering branch circuit can be connected with the direct current bus power supply in parallel. The time delay triggering branch may include a second voltage dividing resistor and a second switch connected in series. The second voltage-dividing resistor may include at least one resistor connected in series. The second switch is connected with the discharge control unit, and the second switch is switched on or switched off according to the output electric signal of the discharge control unit or is switched off when the discharge control unit is powered down. When the second switch is conducted and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the second voltage dividing resistor and the second switch, and the delay switch is turned off. When the second switch is turned off and the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage, the delay switch is turned on, the discharge switch is turned on through the delay switch and the ground, and the voltage of the discharge switch is pulled down until the discharge switch is turned off. In the discharge protection circuit in this embodiment, the second switch plays a certain control role in turning on and off the delay switch, and the second switch and the delay switch belong to a relationship of turning on at different times, that is, if the second switch is turned on, the delay switch is turned off, and if the second switch is turned off, the delay switch is turned on. The discharge switch is turned off by the action of the delay switch to protect the discharge switch, wherein the voltage of the discharge switch is pulled down until the time elapsed for turning off the discharge switch is the preset delay time.
In this embodiment, the second switch is preferably a transistor or a mos transistor.
A preferred circuit of the discharge protection circuit of the present embodiment is given below, as shown in fig. 1:
in the circuit, a direct-current bus power supply Vdc-link is connected with a bus end energy storage capacitor Cdclink in parallel. Normally, the dc bus power Vdc-link for a vehicle is 350V.
The discharge switch comprises a first NMOS type power switch tube Qf. The first NMOS type power switch tube Qf and the discharge resistor Rf are connected in series to form a discharge branch. The drain electrode of the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus power supply Vdc-link through a discharge resistor Rf, the source electrode of the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus power supply Vdc-link and is grounded, and the gate electrode of the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf is connected with a first switch Q1.
The first switch includes a first NPN transistor Q1. The first divider resistor comprises a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 connected in series. The discharge triggering branch circuit comprises a first NPN triode Q1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a first resistor R1 and a first voltage regulator D1. The collector of the first NPN triode Q1 is connected to the gate of the first NMOS power switch Qf, the collector is further connected to the positive terminal of the dc bus power supply Vdc-link through a resistor R4 and a resistor R5, the emitter is connected to the source of the first NMOS power switch Qf and the negative terminal of the dc bus power supply Vdc-link, and is grounded, and the base is connected to the positive terminal of the discharge control unit DIS. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the discharge control unit DIS and the base of the first NPN transistor Q1, respectively, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode of the discharge control unit DIS and the emitter of the first NPN transistor Q1, respectively. The anode of the first voltage regulator tube D1 is grounded, and the cathode is connected with the resistor R5.
The delay switch comprises a second NMOS type power switch tube Q3. The second switch includes a second NPN transistor Q2. The second divider resistor comprises a resistor R4 and a resistor R6 which are connected in series. The delay triggering branch circuit comprises a second NPN triode Q2, a resistor R4, a resistor R6, a second resistor R2, a second voltage regulator tube D2, a third voltage regulator tube D3, a charging capacitor C1 and a third resistor R3. The drain of the second NMOS power switch Q3 is connected to the discharge switch Qf (when the discharge switch Qf is the first NMOS power switch, the drain of the second NMOS power switch Q3 is connected to the gate of the first NMOS power switch), the source is grounded, the gate is connected to the anode of the third voltage regulator D3, and the gate is grounded through the third resistor R3. The base electrode of the second NPN triode Q2 is connected with the positive electrode of the discharge control unit DIS, the collector electrode is connected with the resistor R4 through the resistor R6, and is also connected with the negative electrode of the third voltage regulator tube D3, and the emitter electrode is grounded. One end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected with the anode of the discharge control unit DIS and the base of the second NPN triode Q2, and the other end is grounded; the negative electrode of the second voltage regulator tube D2 is connected with the collector of the second NPN triode Q2, the positive electrode is grounded, the positive electrode of the charging capacitor C1 is connected with the collector of the second NPN triode Q2, and the negative electrode is grounded.
The circuit is only a preferred circuit of this embodiment, and the circuit may be modified on the premise of conforming to the circuit principle, for example, an NPN transistor in the circuit is replaced with an NMOS power switching tube, the NMOS power switching tube is replaced with an NPN transistor, and the connection of the associated devices is modified according to the connection characteristics of the replacement element.
With reference to the above circuits, 4 operating states in which the discharge protection circuit can operate are described:
(1) and (3) normal working state: the discharge control unit DIS sends a high level to turn on both the first NPN transistor Q1 and the second NPN transistor Q2, and at this time, the voltage of the dc bus power supply Vdc-link is connected to ground through the resistor R4, the resistor R5, the first NPN transistor Q1, and also connected to ground through the resistor R4, the resistor R6, and the second NPN transistor Q2; the gate of the first NMOS type power switch Qf and the gate of the second NMOS type power switch Q3 are both pulled down to ground, and the first NMOS type power switch Qf and the second NMOS type power switch Q3 are both non-conductive.
(2) After the whole vehicle is flamed out: after the automobile is flamed out, a main relay connected with a direct-current bus power supply Vdc-link is disconnected, the bus end energy storage capacitor Cdlink is left with surplus electricity, and in order to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment, the bus end energy storage capacitor Cdlink needs to be discharged. At this time, the discharge control unit DIS sends a low level to disconnect the first NPN transistor Q1 and the second NPN transistor Q2, the bus-end energy storage capacitor Cdclink powers the gate of the first NMOS power switch Q Qf through the resistor R4, the resistor R5 and the first voltage regulator D1, and also powers the gate of the second NMOS power switch Q3 through the resistor R4, the resistor R6 and the second voltage regulator D2, so that the first NMOS power switch Qf and the second NMOS power switch Q3 are both turned on, and at this time, the residual electric quantity on the bus-end energy storage capacitor Cdclink is connected to the ground through the discharge resistor Rf and the first NMOS power switch Qf, thereby implementing a discharge function until the discharge is completed, and the first NMOS power switch Qf is automatically turned off due to the drop of the gate voltage.
(3) When the discharge control unit DIS fails or the whole vehicle is collided, the direct current bus power supply Vdc-link is disconnected: if the discharge control unit DIS fails, the working principle is consistent with that during discharge, still, the first NPN transistor Q1 and the second NPN transistor Q2 are not turned on, the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf and the second NMOS type power switch tube Q3 are turned on, the residual electric quantity on the bus-end energy-storage capacitor Cdclink is connected to the ground through the discharge resistor Rf and the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf, the discharge function is realized, and the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf is automatically turned off due to the decrease of the gate voltage until the discharge is completed.
(4) The low-voltage power failure of the discharge control unit DIS caused by the special failure condition, the direct current bus power supply Vdc-link is still maintained (for example, the low-voltage connector of the motor controller is dropped or virtual connected, so that the low voltage of the motor controller is lost, but the high-voltage direct current bus power supply Vdc-link is still maintained because the low-voltage connector of the motor controller is not connected with a power-down command): because 350V of the direct-current bus power supply Vdc-link is maintained all the time, the gate voltage of the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf is always electrified, so that the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf cannot be automatically turned off, and the gate of the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf can be pulled down and forcibly turned off only by the second NMOS type power switch tube Q3 after the first NMOS type power switch tube Qf works for 7 s.
The discharge protection circuit of the embodiment can face the four working states, allows the discharge switch to be turned off automatically or to be turned off forcibly under the control of the delay switch, and particularly can be turned off forcibly under the control of the delay switch, so that the discharge switch can be ensured not to have long-time heavy current operation under the conditions that the discharge control unit DIS is powered down at low voltage and the direct-current bus power supply Vdc-link is still maintained, and the protection device is not damaged.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an electric automobile. The protection circuit comprises the direct-current bus power supply and the discharge protection circuit in the embodiment 1, and can further comprise a bus end energy storage capacitor and a discharge control unit, wherein the bus end energy storage capacitor is connected with the direct-current bus power supply in parallel. Wherein, the discharge control unit preferably includes a motor controller for a vehicle.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A discharge protection circuit of an electric vehicle, comprising:
the discharging branch circuit is connected with a direct-current bus power supply of the electric automobile in parallel, the discharging branch circuit comprises a discharging resistor and a discharging switch which are connected in series, and the discharging switch is conducted when the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage; when the discharge switch is switched on, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the delay switch is connected with the discharge switch and used for switching off the discharge switch when the discharge switch is continuously switched on for more than a preset delay time.
2. The discharge protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the dc bus power supply is connected in parallel with a bus-end energy storage capacitor of the electric vehicle; when the discharging switch is switched on, the energy storage capacitor at the bus end forms a loop with the ground through the discharging resistor and the discharging switch.
3. The discharge protection circuit of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
the discharging triggering branch circuit is connected with the direct-current bus power supply in parallel, the discharging triggering branch circuit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a first switch which are connected in series, the first switch is respectively connected with a discharging control unit of the electric automobile and the discharging switch, and the discharging control unit is used for controlling the first switch; when the first switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the first divider resistor and the first switch, and the discharge switch is turned off; when the first switch is turned off and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the discharge switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the discharge resistor and the discharge switch.
4. The discharge protection circuit of claim 3, further comprising:
the delay trigger branch circuit is connected with the direct-current bus power supply in parallel, and comprises a second voltage dividing resistor and a second switch which are connected in series, the second switch is connected with the discharge control unit, and the second switch is switched on or switched off according to an output electric signal of the discharge control unit or is switched off when the discharge control unit is powered down; when the second switch is turned on and the direct current bus power supply releases voltage, the direct current bus power supply forms a loop with the ground through the second voltage dividing resistor and the second switch, and the time delay switch is turned off; when the second switch is turned off and the direct-current bus power supply releases voltage, the delay switch is turned on, the discharge switch is turned on with the ground through the delay switch, and the voltage of the discharge switch is pulled down until the discharge switch is turned off.
5. The discharge protection circuit of claim 3, wherein said discharge switch comprises a first NMOS power switch transistor, a drain of said first NMOS power switch transistor is connected to a positive terminal of said DC bus power source through said discharge resistor, a source of said first NMOS power switch transistor is connected to a negative terminal of said DC bus power source and to ground, and a gate of said first NMOS power switch transistor is connected to said first switch.
6. The discharge protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the first switch comprises a first NPN transistor, a collector of the first NPN transistor is connected to a gate of the first NMOS power switch tube, the collector is further connected to a positive electrode of the DC bus power supply through a first voltage dividing resistor, an emitter of the first NMOS power switch tube is connected to a source of the first NMOS power switch tube and a negative electrode of the DC bus power supply and is grounded, and a base of the first NMOS power switch tube is connected to a positive electrode of the discharge control unit;
the discharge triggering branch circuit also comprises a first resistor and a first voltage-regulator tube;
one end of the first resistor is connected with the anode of the discharge control unit and the base electrode of the first NPN triode respectively, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the cathode of the discharge control unit and the emitting electrode of the first NPN triode respectively;
the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is grounded, and the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing tube is connected with the first divider resistor.
7. The discharge protection circuit of claim 4, wherein said delay trigger branch further comprises a second resistor, a second voltage regulator, a third voltage regulator, a charging capacitor, and a third resistor;
the time delay switch comprises a second NMOS type power switch tube, the drain electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is connected with the discharge switch, the source electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is grounded, the gate electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is connected with the anode of the third voltage regulator tube, and the gate electrode of the second NMOS type power switch tube is grounded through the third resistor;
the second switch comprises a second NPN triode, the base electrode of the second NPN triode is connected with the positive electrode of the discharge control unit, the collector electrode of the second NPN triode is respectively connected with the second divider resistor and the negative electrode of the third voltage-regulator tube, and the emitting electrode of the second NPN triode is grounded; one end of the second resistor is respectively connected with the anode of the discharge control unit and the base electrode of the second NPN triode, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the negative electrode of the second voltage-regulator tube is connected with the collector electrode of the second NPN triode, the positive electrode of the second voltage-regulator tube is grounded, the positive electrode of the charging capacitor is connected with the collector electrode of the second NPN triode, and the negative electrode of the charging capacitor is grounded.
8. An electric vehicle, comprising:
a DC bus power supply; and the number of the first and second groups,
the discharge protection circuit of any one of claims 1-7.
9. The electric vehicle of claim 8, further comprising: the bus end energy storage capacitor is connected with the direct current bus power supply in parallel; and the number of the first and second groups,
a discharge control unit.
10. The electric vehicle of claim 9, wherein the discharge control unit comprises a vehicle motor controller.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010247053.9A CN111409463B (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Electric automobile and discharge protection circuit thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010247053.9A CN111409463B (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Electric automobile and discharge protection circuit thereof |
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| CN112260529A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-22 | 西安爱科赛博电气股份有限公司 | High-voltage direct-current input switching power supply and starting auxiliary source locking method |
| CN113054637A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-29 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High-voltage discharge protection circuit for energy storage capacitor after shutdown of satellite load power supply |
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| CN113054637B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-12-13 | 上海空间电源研究所 | High-voltage discharge protection circuit for energy storage capacitor after shutdown of satellite load power supply |
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| CN111409463B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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