CN111404542B - Double-index nuclear signal counting method and device - Google Patents
Double-index nuclear signal counting method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a double-index nuclear signal counting method and device, which relate to the technical field of nuclear signal processing, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a double-index nuclear signal to be counted; inputting the double-index nuclear signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function, and obtaining an impulse signal output by the transfer function; and counting the double-exponential-core signals to be counted according to the impulse signals. In the implementation process, the double-index nuclear signals to be counted are input into a pre-established transfer function, the output signals are impulse signals with short dead time and occupy one sampling period, and the double-index nuclear signals are accurately counted by identifying the accumulated nuclear signals.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of nuclear signal processing, in particular to a double-index nuclear signal counting method and device.
Background
In the nuclear science and technology, to obtain accurate nuclear information, it is often necessary to detect a nuclear signal electronically and extract the nuclear information from the nuclear signal. With the development of high-speed digital processing chips and high-speed ADCs, nuclear signal digitization and digital processing technologies thereof are gradually matured. However, at high count rates, the pile-up between nuclear signals is severe, which greatly reduces the count accuracy of the nuclear signals. In order to obtain more accurate count rate information, the main solutions at present are as follows: a method for reducing the width of a nuclear signal, a maximum likelihood estimation method and a single index impulse forming method. However, the core signals output by the methods are still relatively wide, and the accumulation dead time of the core signals is still relatively large, so that the double-index core signals cannot be accurately counted under the condition of high counting rate.
Disclosure of Invention
An objective of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and an apparatus for counting dual-exponential core signals, which are used for solving the problem that the dual-exponential core signals cannot be accurately counted in the prior art.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a dual-exponent core signal counting method, the method including: obtaining a double-index nuclear signal to be counted; inputting the double-index nuclear signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function, and obtaining an impulse signal output by the transfer function; and counting the double-exponential-core signals to be counted according to the impulse signals.
In the implementation process, the double-index nuclear signal to be counted is input into a pre-established transfer function, and the system can convert the double-index nuclear signal into a narrow-beam output impulse signal, so that the double-index nuclear signal can be accurately counted.
Optionally, before the double-exponential core signal to be counted is input to a pre-established transfer function, the method includes: acquiring an ideal double-index kernel signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index kernel signal; the transfer function is established according to the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal.
In the implementation process, in order to enable the established transfer function to accurately output the impulse signal according to the input double-index nuclear signal to be counted, an ideal double-index nuclear signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index nuclear signal can be selected when the transfer function is established, so that the transfer function is ensured to accurately output the output signal according to the input signal, and then the double-index nuclear signal is accurately counted.
Optionally, the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal; said establishing said transfer function from said ideal double exponential core signal and said ideal impulse signal comprises: and processing the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
wherein H (z)Representing the transfer function to be consolidated, v o [z]Representing v o Z-transformation of (t), v i [z]Representing v i Z-transformation of (t), d 1 ＝e -Ts/M ，d 2 ＝e -Ts/m Ts represents a sampling period; and sorting the transfer function to be sorted according to the sampling period to obtain a sorting transfer function, wherein the sorting transfer function is as follows: (d) 1 -d 2 )z -1 v o [z]＝(1-d 1 z -1 )(1-d 2 z -1 )v i [z]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And carrying out inverse transformation on the tidying transfer function to obtain the transfer function, wherein the transfer function is as follows:
In the implementation process, a transfer function is directly established according to the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal, the transfer function can effectively convert the input double-index signal into the impulse response output signal, and pulse accumulation of the double-index nuclear signal to be counted is effectively identified, so that the double-index nuclear signal can be accurately counted.
Optionally, the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal; said establishing said transfer function from said ideal double exponential core signal and said ideal impulse signal comprises: and processing the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
wherein H (z) represents the followingTransfer function to be consolidated, v o [z]Representing v o Z-transformation of (t), v i [z]Representing v i Z-transformation of (t), d 1 ＝e -Ts/M ，d 2 ＝e -Ts/m Ts represents a sampling period; according to a cascading decomposition principle, the transfer function to be tidied is tidied into a cascading function, the cascading function comprises a first subfunction, a second subfunction, a third subfunction and a fourth subfunction, and the cascading function is: h (z) =h 1 (z)·H 2 (z)·H 3 (z)·H 4 (z) wherein H 1 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 1 (z) represents the first sub-function for converting the slow component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 2 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 2 (z) represents the second sub-function for converting the fast component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 3 (z)＝z，H 3 (z) represents the third sub-function for aligning the instants of time at which the input double exponential core signal is generated; />
H 4 (z) represents the fourth sub-function, which is an amplifier for amplifying the output signal amplitude; the transfer function is established by respectively carrying out inverse transformation on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, the third sub-function and the fourth sub-function, and the transfer function is as follows:
wherein v is 1 (n) represents a first intermediate variable, v, of the input double-exponential core signal 2 (n) a second intermediate variable, v, representing the input double exponential core signal 3 (n) a third intermediate variable, v, representing the input double exponential core signal 0 (n) denotes an output impulse signal.
In the implementation process, a transfer function comprising different sub-functions is established according to the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal, the different sub-functions have different functions, and parameter values in the transfer function can be changed according to actual requirements, so that the output signal can effectively identify the pulse accumulated by the double-index nuclear signal to be counted, and the double-index nuclear signal can be accurately counted.
Alternatively, when d 1 ＝e -1/M When the output impulse signal v 0 The slow component tail in (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
Alternatively, when d 2 ＝e -1/m When the output impulse signal v 0 The fast component tail in (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a dual exponent core signal counting apparatus, the apparatus including: the double-index-to-be-counted-core-signal acquisition module is used for acquiring double-index-to-be-counted-core signals; the impulse signal acquisition module is used for inputting the double-index nuclear signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function and acquiring an impulse signal output by the transfer function; and the counting module is used for counting the double-index nuclear signals to be counted according to the impulse signals.
Optionally, the apparatus comprises: the ideal signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an ideal double-index kernel signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index kernel signal; and the transfer function building module is used for building the transfer function according to the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal.
Optionally, the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal; the transfer function establishment module includes: a first to-be-processed transfer function establishing unit for adopting Z transformation mode to the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signalProcessing and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
wherein H (z) represents the transfer function to be sorted, v o [z]Representing v o Z-transformation of (t), v i [z]Representing v i Z-transformation of (t), d 1 ＝e -Ts/M ，d 2 ＝e -Ts/m Ts represents a sampling period; the arrangement transfer function obtaining unit is configured to arrange the transfer function to be arranged according to the sampling period to obtain an arrangement transfer function, where the arrangement transfer function is: (d) 1 -d 2 )z -1 v o [z]＝(1-d 1 z -1 )(1-d 2 z -1 )v i [z]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the A transfer function obtaining unit, configured to inverse transform the finishing transfer function to obtain the transfer function, where the transfer function is:
wherein v is i Representing the input double-exponential core signal, v o Representing the output impulse signal.
Optionally, the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal; the transfer function establishment module includes: the second to-be-tidied transfer function establishing unit is used for processing the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode and establishing a to-be-tidied transfer function, wherein the to-be-tidied transfer function is as follows:
wherein H (z) represents the transfer function to be sorted, v o [z]Representing v o Z-transformation of (t), v i [z]Representing v i Z-transformation of (t)，d 1 ＝e -Ts/M ，d 2 ＝e -Ts/m Ts represents a sampling period; the cascade function acquisition unit is used for sorting the transfer function to be sorted into a cascade function according to a cascade decomposition principle, the cascade function comprises a first sub-function, a second sub-function, a third sub-function and a fourth sub-function, and the cascade function is as follows: h (z) =h 1 (z)·H 2 (z)·H 3 (z)·H 4 (z) wherein H 1 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 1 (z) represents the first sub-function for converting the slow component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 2 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 2 (z) represents the second sub-function for converting the fast component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 3 (z)＝z，H 3 (z) represents the third sub-function for aligning the time instants of generation of the input double exponential core signal, +.>
H 4 (z) represents the fourth sub-function, which is an amplifier for adjusting the output impulse signal amplitude; the transfer function is established by respectively carrying out inverse transformation on the first sub-function, the second sub-function and the third sub-function, and the transfer function is that:
wherein v is 1 (n) represents a first intermediate variable, v, of the input double-exponential core signal 2 (n) a second intermediate variable, v, representing the input double exponential core signal 3 (n) a third intermediate variable, v, representing the input double exponential core signal 0 (n) denotes an output impulse signal.
Alternatively, when d 1 ＝e -1/M When the output impulse signal v 0 The slow component tail in (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
Alternatively, when d 2 ＝e -1/m When the output impulse signal v 0 The fast component tail of (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing computer readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform a method as provided in the first aspect above.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs a method as provided in the first aspect above.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for counting dual-exponential core signals according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a nuclear signal discrimination system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for establishing a transfer function according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dual-exponential core signal and an impulse signal according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another method for establishing a transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of input signals and output signals of a transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of input signals and output signals of another transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a dual-index core signal counting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the nuclear science and technology, to obtain accurate nuclear information, it is often necessary to detect a nuclear signal electronically and extract the nuclear information from the nuclear signal. With the development of high-speed digital processing chips and high-speed ADCs, nuclear signal digitization and digital processing technologies thereof are gradually matured. However, at high count rates, the pile-up between nuclear signals is severe, which greatly reduces the count accuracy of the nuclear signals. In order to obtain more accurate count rate information, the main solutions at present are as follows: a method for reducing the width of a nuclear signal, a maximum likelihood estimation method and a single index impulse forming method. However, the core signals output by the methods are still relatively wide, and the accumulation dead time of the core signals is still relatively large, so that the double-index core signals cannot be accurately counted under the condition of high counting rate.
In order to obtain high-count-rate high-precision energy spectrum, a fast-slow channel energy spectrum acquisition model is proposed at present, and the slow channel forming time is longer, so that higher energy resolution can be obtained, and the fast channel stacking dead time is short, so that more accurate count rate can be obtained. The existing slow channel forming method mainly adopts trapezoidal forming, and on the fast channel forming, a stacking screening impulse system aiming at single-index nuclear signal research, a deconvolution unit impulse forming system and the like are arranged, so that the problem of single-index nuclear signal stacking dead time can be mainly solved. However, the method ignores that the core signal is a double-index-like signal with a certain rising edge, so that the accumulation dead time in the rapid forming system is still longer, and the problem that the double-index core signal cannot be accurately counted is generated.
In order to accurately count the double-exponent core signals, the embodiment of the present application provides a double-exponent core signal counting method, please refer to fig. 1, which includes the following steps:
step S110: and obtaining a double-index nuclear signal to be counted.
The double-index nuclear signal to be counted can be obtained through the SDD detector, and the SDD detector needs a certain time to collect charges generated by radiation, so that the nuclear signal has a certain rising time, the nuclear signal becomes a negative-index signal after passing through the C-R network, the time constant is tau=RC, and when the nuclear signal is transmitted through the front-end circuit, the output nuclear signal is converted into a double-index-like nuclear signal due to the influence of distributed capacitance and resistance.
Step S120: and inputting the double-exponential core signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function, and obtaining an impulse signal output by the transfer function.
Step S130: and counting the double-exponential-core signals to be counted according to the impulse signals.
In the digital nuclear signal processing, the nuclear signal discriminating system can be used for discriminating the time of nuclear signal generation and recording the number of nuclear signals, as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the nuclear signal discriminating system, v (t) input by the nuclear signal discriminating system is a double-index nuclear signal to be counted, s (t) output by the nuclear signal discriminating system is an ideal impulse signal, and the time of impulse signal generation can be used for positioning the time of nuclear signal generation in the double-index nuclear signal and counting the nuclear signal in the double-index nuclear signal.
In the implementation process, the double-index nuclear signal to be counted is input into the pre-established transfer function, and the problem of long accumulation dead time can be solved due to the pre-established transfer function, so that the impulse signal can be accurately output, and further, the double-index nuclear signal can be accurately counted.
Before the double-index nuclear signal to be counted is input into a pre-established transfer function, the transfer function needs to be established, in order to ensure the accuracy of the transfer function, an ideal double-index nuclear signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index nuclear signal can be acquired first, and then the transfer function is established according to the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal.
In order to enable the established transfer function to accurately output impulse signals according to the input double-index nuclear signals to be counted, an ideal double-index nuclear signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index nuclear signal can be selected when the transfer function is established, so that the transfer function is ensured to accurately output signals according to the input signals, and then the double-index nuclear signals are accurately counted.
To meet different core signal processing requirements, embodiments of the present application provide for establishing transfer functions in two different ways.
As a first embodiment, the transfer function may be established directly. Taking ideal double-exponential core signal as v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential core signal, t is tableTime is shown, t is more than or equal to 0, M represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential core signal. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a transfer function establishing method according to an embodiment of the present application, and a process for establishing a transfer function according to an ideal double-exponential core signal and an ideal impulse signal includes the following steps:
step S310: and processing the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
step S320: according to the sampling period, the transfer function to be sorted is sorted to obtain a sorting transfer function, wherein the sorting transfer function is as follows:
(d 1 -d 2 )z -1 v o [z]＝(1-d 1 z -1 )(1-d 2 z -1 )v i [z]；
step S330: performing inverse transformation on the overall transfer function to obtain a transfer function, wherein the transfer function is as follows:
According to equation v representing an ideal double-exponential core signal i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) Taking slow component decay time constant M in an ideal double-exponential nuclear signal as 50, fast component decay time constant M in the ideal double-exponential nuclear signal as 2.5, stacking 5 pulses, stacking time widths of 4Ts, 10Ts, 20Ts and 50Ts in sequence, and performing simulation in MATLABReferring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a double-exponential-core signal and an impulse signal according to an embodiment of the present application, and it can be seen that an ideal double-exponential-core signal is a continuous signal. Then inputting the ideal double-index nuclear signal into the transfer function to obtain an impulse signal, and simulating the impulse signal, namely the discrete signal in fig. 4, wherein the impulse signal has 5 impulse responses, namely the transfer function established according to the method can effectively identify the pulse pile-up of the double-index nuclear signal to be counted.
In the implementation process, a transfer function is directly established according to the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal, the transfer function can effectively identify impulse responses in the input nuclear signal, effectively identify stacked double-index nuclear signals to be counted, and accordingly accurately count the double-index nuclear signals.
As a second embodiment, a transfer function comprising a plurality of sub-functions may be established. Taking ideal double-exponential core signal as v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is ≡0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of another transfer function establishment method according to an embodiment of the present application, a process for establishing a transfer function according to an ideal double-exponential core signal and an ideal impulse signal includes the following steps:
step S410: and processing the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
step S420: according to the cascade decomposition principle, the transfer function to be tidied is tidied into a cascade function, the cascade function comprises a first sub-function, a second sub-function, a third sub-function and a fourth sub-function, and the cascade function is as follows:
H(z)＝H 1 (z)·H 2 (z)·H 3 (z)·H 4 (z) wherein H 1 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 1 (z) represents a first sub-function for converting the slow component of the input double exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 2 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 2 (z) represents a second sub-function for converting the fast component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 3 (z)＝z，H 3 (z) represents a third sub-function for aligning the instants of generation of the input double exponential core signals;
H 4 (z) represents a fourth sub-function, which is an amplifier, for adjusting the output impulse signal amplitude.
Step S430: and respectively carrying out inverse transformation on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, the third sub-function and the fourth sub-function to establish a transfer function, wherein the transfer function is as follows:
First sub-function H 1 (z) for eliminating slow component long-tail in the double exponential core signal, for example, the SDD detector output signal can be acquired by means of acquisition by a high-speed ADC clocked at 20MHz, as shown in the upper left-hand diagram of fig. 6In order to study the influence of different sub-function key parameters in transfer functions on output signals, the original double-exponential-core signal can be calculated preliminarily by a fitting mode, the slow component attenuation time constant M of the original double-exponential-core signal is 50, the fast component attenuation time constant M is 5/3, and d is 1 、d 2 Theoretical values of d are respectively d 1 * ＝e -1/50 、d 2 * ＝e -3/5 At the same time respectively divide d in transfer function 1 Taking e -1/10 、e -1/50 And e -1/200 Three values, then according to the first intermediate variable v of the transfer function 1 (n) calculating the output signals as shown in the upper right hand corner, lower left hand corner and lower right hand corner of fig. 6, respectively. The upper right hand corner of FIG. 6 shows when d 1 <d 1 * The output signal of the time transfer function, at which time v can be seen 1 The output signal of (n) has a positive-term attenuated long-tail signal, and the upper right graph in FIG. 6 shows that when d 1 >d 1 * The output signal of the time transfer function, at which time v can be seen 1 The output signal of (n) has a long-trailing signal with negative term, and the upper right graph in FIG. 6 shows that when d 1 ＝d 1 * The output signal of the time transfer function, at which time v can be seen 1 The output signal of (n) is free of long-tail signals, i.e. the transfer function removes tails due to slow components in the output signal.
Third sub-function H 3 (z) for the second subfunction H 2 (z) one bit time advance, the fourth subfunction H4 (z) is just an amplifier, the second subfunction H 2 (z) for eliminating fast component smearing in the double-exponential core signal to cause pile-up, for example, the original double-exponential core signal as shown in the upper left-hand diagram of FIG. 7 can be obtained by collecting the SDD detector output signal by a high-speed ADC with a clock of 20MHz, in order to ensure accurate study d 2 The influence on the transfer function output signal can be d 1 ＝d 1 * ＝e -1/50 . D in transfer function 2 Taking e -5/5 Then output impulse signal v according to transfer function o (n) MeterCalculate the output signal, which is shown in the upper right hand corner of FIG. 7, and then compare d in the transfer function 2 Taking e -3/5 Then output impulse signal v according to transfer function o (n) calculating an output signal, which is shown in the lower left corner of FIG. 7, and finally adding d to the transfer function 2 Taking e -6/5 Then output impulse signal v according to transfer function o (n) calculating an output signal, which is shown in the lower right hand corner of FIG. 7, it can be seen that when d 2 >d 2 * The output signal of the transfer function generates reverse impulse sequence, which outputs 5 continuous impulse sequences with larger share, when d 2 <d 2 * The output signal of the transfer function appears in the same direction impulse sequence, approximately 5 continuous impulse sequences with larger share are output, and when d 2 ＝d 2 * The output signal of the time transfer function outputs a co-directional impulse sequence, outputting 2 successive impulse sequences with relatively large shares, instead of one impulse point of the ideal output signal, because the real kernel signal is not an ideal double-exponential, but has a double-exponential-like kernel signal. That is, due to the second subfunction H 2 (z) for eliminating fast component tails in the double-exponential core signal, the transfer function in the present application can obtain a more accurate output signal, thereby ensuring that the double-exponential core signal is accurately counted.
In the implementation process, a transfer function comprising different sub-functions is established according to the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal, the different sub-functions have different functions, and parameter values in the transfer function can be changed according to actual requirements, so that the output signal can effectively identify pulse accumulation of the double-index nuclear signal to be counted, and the double-index nuclear signal can be accurately counted.
As can be seen from the implementation process, when d 1 ＝e -1/M When outputting an impulse signal v 0 The slow-tail in (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
It can also be seen from the above implementation that when d 2 ＝e -1/m Output at the time ofImpulse signal v 0 The fast component tail of (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a dual-index core signal counting device 100, please refer to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a block diagram of the structure of the dual-index core signal counting device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application. The apparatus may be a module, a program segment, or code on an electronic device. It should be understood that the dual-index core signal counting device 100 corresponds to the embodiment of the method of fig. 1 described above, and is capable of performing the steps involved in the embodiment of the method of fig. 1, and specific functions of the dual-index core signal counting device 100 may be referred to the above description, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted herein as appropriate to avoid redundancy.
Optionally, the dual exponent core signal counting apparatus 100 includes:
the double-index-to-be-counted-core-signal acquisition module 110 is configured to acquire a double-index-to-be-counted-core signal;
the impulse signal acquisition module 120 is configured to input a double-exponential-core signal to be counted into a transfer function established in advance, and acquire an impulse signal output by the transfer function;
the counting module 130 is configured to count the double-exponent core signal to be counted according to the impulse signal.
Optionally, the apparatus comprises:
the ideal signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an ideal double-index kernel signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index kernel signal;
and the transfer function building module is used for building a transfer function according to the ideal double-exponential core signal and the ideal impulse signal.
Alternatively, the ideal double exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is ≡0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal;
the transfer function establishment module includes:
the first to-be-tidied transfer function establishing unit is used for processing the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode and establishing a to-be-tidied transfer function, wherein the to-be-tidied transfer function is as follows:
the arrangement transfer function obtaining unit is used for arranging the transfer function to be arranged according to the sampling period to obtain an arrangement transfer function, wherein the arrangement transfer function is as follows:
(d 1 -d 2 )z -1 v o [z]＝(1-d 1 z -1 )(1-d 2 z -1 )v i [z]；
the transfer function obtaining unit is used for carrying out inverse transformation on the overall transfer function to obtain a transfer function, wherein the transfer function is as follows:
Alternatively, the ideal double exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is ≡0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal;
the transfer function establishment module includes:
the second to-be-tidied transfer function establishing unit is used for processing the ideal double-index nuclear signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode and establishing a to-be-tidied transfer function, wherein the to-be-tidied transfer function is as follows:
the cascade function acquisition unit is used for arranging the transfer function to be arranged into a cascade function according to a cascade decomposition principle, wherein the cascade function comprises a first sub-function, a second sub-function, a third sub-function and a fourth sub-function, and the cascade function is as follows:
H(z)＝H 1 (z)·H 2 (z)·H 3 (z)·H 4 (z) wherein H 1 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 1 (z) Table
A first sub-function is shown for converting the slow component of the input double exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 2 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 2 (z) represents a second sub-function for converting the fast component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 3 (z)＝z，H 3 (z) represents a third sub-function for aligning the instants of generation of the input double exponential core signals;
H 4 (z) represents a fourth sub-function, which is an amplifier, for adjusting the output impulse signal amplitude;
a second transfer function establishing unit, configured to perform inverse transformation on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, the third sub-function, and the fourth sub-function to establish a transfer function, where the transfer function is:
wherein v is 1 (n) represents a first intermediate variable, v, of the input double-exponential core signal 2 (n) TableA second intermediate variable, v, showing the input of a double exponential core signal 3 (n) a third intermediate variable, v, representing the input double exponential core signal 0 (n) denotes an output impulse signal.
Alternatively, when d 1 ＝e -1/M When outputting an impulse signal v 0 The slow component tail in (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
Alternatively, when d 2 ＝e -1/m When outputting an impulse signal v 0 The fast component tail in (n) is eliminated; where τ represents the decay time constant.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the electronic device includes: at least one processor 901, at least one communication interface 902, at least one memory 903, and at least one communication bus 904. Where communication bus 904 is used to enable direct connection communication of these components, communication interface 902 is used for communication of signaling or data with other node devices, and memory 903 stores machine readable instructions executable by processor 901. When the electronic device is running, the processor 901 communicates with the memory 903 via the communication bus 904, and the machine readable instructions when invoked by the processor 901 perform the above method.
The Memory 903 may include, but is not limited to, random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), programmable Read Only Memory (Programmable Read-Only Memory, PROM), erasable Read Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM), electrically erasable Read Only Memory (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), and the like.
It will be appreciated that the configuration shown in fig. 9 is merely illustrative, and that the electronic device may also include more or fewer components than shown in fig. 9, or have a different configuration than shown in fig. 9. The components shown in fig. 9 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In this embodiment of the present application, the electronic device may be, but is not limited to, a dedicated detection device, a desktop, a notebook, a smart phone, an intelligent wearable device, a vehicle-mounted device, or may be a virtual device such as a virtual machine. In addition, the electronic device is not necessarily a single device, but may be a combination of a plurality of devices, for example, a server cluster, or the like.
Embodiments of the present application provide a readable storage medium, which when executed by a processor, performs a method process performed by an electronic device in the method embodiment shown in fig. 1.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, reference may be made to the corresponding procedure in the foregoing method for the specific working procedure of the apparatus described above, and this will not be repeated here.
In summary, the present application provides a method and apparatus for counting dual-exponential core signals, where the method includes: obtaining a double-index nuclear signal to be counted; inputting the double-index nuclear signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function, and obtaining an impulse signal output by the transfer function; and counting the double-exponential-core signals to be counted according to the impulse signals. In the implementation process, the double-index nuclear signals to be counted are input into a pre-established transfer function, the output signals are impulse signals with short dead time and occupy one sampling period, and the double-index nuclear signals are accurately counted by identifying the accumulated nuclear signals.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be other manners of division in actual implementation, and for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some communication interface, device or unit indirect coupling or communication connection, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
Further, the units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
Furthermore, functional modules in various embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form a single portion, or each module may exist alone, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a single portion.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations may be suggested to one skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A method of double-exponential core signal counting, the method comprising:
obtaining a double-index nuclear signal to be counted;
inputting the double-index nuclear signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function, and obtaining an impulse signal output by the transfer function;
counting the double-index nuclear signals to be counted according to the impulse signals;
wherein, before the double-exponential core signal to be counted is input to a pre-established transfer function, the method comprises:
acquiring an ideal double-index kernel signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index kernel signal;
establishing the transfer function according to the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal;
the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal;
said establishing said transfer function from said ideal double exponential core signal and said ideal impulse signal comprises:
and processing the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
and sorting the transfer function to be sorted according to the sampling period to obtain a sorting transfer function, wherein the sorting transfer function is as follows:
(d 1 -d 2 )z -1 v o [z]＝(1-d 1 z -1 )(1-d 2 z -1 )v i [z]；
and carrying out inverse transformation on the tidying transfer function to obtain the transfer function, wherein the transfer function is as follows:
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal;
said establishing said transfer function from said ideal double exponential core signal and said ideal impulse signal comprises:
and processing the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
according to a cascading decomposition principle, the transfer function to be tidied is tidied into a cascading function, the cascading function comprises a first subfunction, a second subfunction, a third subfunction and a fourth subfunction, and the cascading function is:
H(z)＝H 1 (z)·H 2 (z)·H 3 (z)·H 4 (z) wherein H 1 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 1 (z) represents the first sub-function for converting the slow component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 2 (z)＝(1-d 1 z -1 )，H 2 (z) represents the second sub-function for converting the fast component of the input double-exponential-core signal into a unit impulse output signal, H 3 (z)＝z，H 3 (z) representing the third sub-function for aligning the instants of generation of the input double exponential core signal,
H 4 (z) represents the fourth sub-function, which is an amplifier for adjusting the output impulse signal amplitude;
the transfer function is established by respectively carrying out inverse transformation on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, the third sub-function and the fourth sub-function, and the transfer function is as follows:
3. The method of claim 2, wherein when d 1 ＝e -1/M When the output impulse signal v 0 The slow component tail in (n) is eliminated.
4. According to claim 2The method is characterized in that when d 2 ＝e -1/m When the output impulse signal v 0 The fast component tail in (n) is eliminated.
5. A dual exponent core signal counting apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the double-index-to-be-counted-core-signal acquisition module is used for acquiring double-index-to-be-counted-core signals;
the impulse signal acquisition module is used for inputting the double-index nuclear signal to be counted into a pre-established transfer function and acquiring an impulse signal output by the transfer function;
the counting module is used for counting the double-index nuclear signals to be counted according to the impulse signals;
wherein the device comprises:
the ideal signal acquisition module is used for acquiring an ideal double-index kernel signal and an ideal impulse signal corresponding to the ideal double-index kernel signal;
a transfer function establishing module, configured to establish the transfer function according to the ideal double-exponential core signal and the ideal impulse signal;
wherein the ideal double-exponential core signal is v i (t)＝A(e -t/M -e -t/m ) The ideal impulse signal is v o (t) =aδ (t), wherein a represents the amplitude of the ideal double-exponential-core signal, t represents time, t is equal to or greater than 0, m represents the slow component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal, and m represents the fast component decay time constant in the ideal double-exponential-core signal;
said establishing said transfer function from said ideal double exponential core signal and said ideal impulse signal comprises:
and processing the ideal double-exponential-core signal and the ideal impulse signal in a Z transformation mode, and establishing a transfer function to be tidied, wherein the transfer function to be tidied is as follows:
and sorting the transfer function to be sorted according to the sampling period to obtain a sorting transfer function, wherein the sorting transfer function is as follows:
(d 1 -d 2 )z -1 v o [z]＝(1-d 1 z -1 )(1-d 2 z -1 )v i [z]；
and carrying out inverse transformation on the tidying transfer function to obtain the transfer function, wherein the transfer function is as follows:
6. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory storing computer readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the method of any of claims 1-4.
7. A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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