CN111404005A - All-fiber mode-locked fiber laser - Google Patents
All-fiber mode-locked fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN111404005A CN111404005A CN202010197113.0A CN202010197113A CN111404005A CN 111404005 A CN111404005 A CN 111404005A CN 202010197113 A CN202010197113 A CN 202010197113A CN 111404005 A CN111404005 A CN 111404005A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/07—Construction or shape of active medium consisting of a plurality of parts, e.g. segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers, and particularly relates to an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser. The existing mode-locking fiber laser has lower damage threshold, low stability and compact structure. The application provides an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser, which comprises a laser emitting assembly, a wavelength division multiplexer, an all-fiber saturable absorption assembly, a coupler, a gain fiber and a polarization-independent isolator, wherein the all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser, the wavelength division multiplexer, the coupler, the gain fiber and the polarization-independent isolator are connected in sequence; the all-fiber saturable absorption component comprises a polarization controller and an optical fiber group, wherein the optical fiber group comprises a single-mode optical fiber, a single-cladding multi-mode optical fiber and an output single-mode optical fiber which are connected in sequence. The nonlinear multimode interference effect in the multimode fiber realizes mode locking, obtains the traditional soliton output of a 1.5 mu m wave band, and realizes high-order harmonic mode locking. The all-fiber optical fiber laser has the advantages of all-fiber structure, high damage threshold, high stability and compact structure.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers, and particularly relates to an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser.
Background
Harmonics are a mathematical or physical concept and refer to the part of a periodic function or periodic waveform that can be expressed by a linear combination of a constant, sine function and cosine function that is the same as the minimum positive period of the original function. The 1.5 mu m harmonic pulse fiber laser has wide application prospect in the fields of optical communication, material processing, optical frequency comb, biomedicine, nonlinear optics and the like, and is the most active and creative branch in the laser field. Mode locking is a technique used in optics to generate very short laser pulses, typically with pulse lengths in picoseconds (10 minus twelve seconds) or even femtoseconds (10 minus fifteen seconds). The theoretical basis of this technique is to introduce a fixed phase relationship between the different modes in the laser cavity, and the laser thus produced is called a phase-locked laser or mode-locked laser. The interference between these modes causes the laser to produce a series of pulses. Depending on the nature of the laser, these pulses may have extremely short durations, even on the order of femtoseconds.
One of the main approaches to achieving 1.5 μm harmonic pulse output is a passive mode-locked fiber laser. In the development of a 1.5 μm passive mode-locked fiber laser, saturable absorption devices based on different principles can be divided into a real material saturable absorber, a nonlinear polarization rotation technology, a semiconductor saturable absorption mirror and a multimode interference effect. The existing mode-locking fiber laser has low damage threshold, low stability and compact structure.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
One of the main approaches based on achieving 1.5 μm harmonic pulse output is a passive mode-locked fiber laser. In the development of a 1.5 μm passive mode-locked fiber laser, saturable absorption devices based on different principles can be divided into a real material saturable absorber, a nonlinear polarization rotation technology, a semiconductor saturable absorption mirror and a multimode interference effect. And current mode locking fiber laser damage threshold value is lower, and stability is also not high, the not compact problem of structure simultaneously, this application provides a full fiber mode locking fiber laser.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser, including a laser emitting assembly, a wavelength division multiplexer, an all-fiber saturable absorption assembly, a coupler, a gain fiber, and a polarization-independent isolator, which are connected in sequence, wherein the polarization-independent isolator is connected to the wavelength division multiplexer;
the all-fiber saturable absorption component comprises a polarization controller and an optical fiber group, wherein the optical fiber group comprises a single-mode optical fiber, a single-cladding multi-mode optical fiber and an output single-mode optical fiber which are connected in sequence.
Optionally, the laser emitting assembly, the wavelength division multiplexer, the all-fiber saturable absorption assembly, the coupler, the gain fiber, and the polarization-independent isolator are welded in sequence, and the polarization-independent isolator is welded to the wavelength division multiplexer.
Optionally, the gain fiber is a single-mode erbium-doped fiber.
Optionally, the single-clad multimode optical fiber has a length of 0.6 m.
Optionally, the laser emitting component is a 980nm semiconductor laser with single-mode output.
Optionally, the coupler is 10:90, where 10% are output terminals.
Optionally, the polarization controller is a manual rotary polarization controller.
Optionally, the coupler is connected to the laser observation assembly.
Optionally, the wavelength division multiplexer, the all-fiber saturable absorption component, the coupler, the gain fiber and the polarization-independent isolator are sequentially connected to form an optical fiber ring cavity structure.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser's beneficial effect lies in:
the application provides an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser, Single mode-Multimode-Single mode structure is SMS (Single-mode-Multimode-Single-mode) structure utilizes light transmission to arouse the high order mode in the Multimode fiber, and the recoupling gets into Single mode fiber and takes place the interference effect, changes the nonlinearity and the loss in the laser resonator through manual formula rotation polarization controller, modulates the light intensity, realizes passive mode-locked pulse laser output. The SMS structure can tolerate higher energy operation, and compared with a real saturable absorber, the damage threshold can be greatly improved without damaging a mode locking device, and the SMS all-fiber structure fiber laser based on the multimode interference effect has great application and research values. The mode locking device is an optical fiber structure which is formed by sequentially welding a single mode, a multimode and a single mode, and the mode locking mechanism is to utilize nonlinear multimode interference effect and simultaneously change nonlinearity and loss in a cavity through a manual rotary polarization controller to modulate light intensity so as to realize mode locking. The nonlinear multimode interference effect in the multimode fiber realizes mode locking, obtains the traditional soliton output of a 1.5 mu m wave band, and realizes high-order harmonic mode locking. The all-fiber optical fiber laser has the advantages of all-fiber structure, high damage threshold, high stability and compact structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a spectral diagram of the output of an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse sequence output by an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pulse waveform output by an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a high repetition rate pulse train output by an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a saturable absorber characteristic curve of the SMS saturable absorber of the all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of the present application in different polarization states;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-laser emitting assembly, a 2-wavelength division multiplexer, a 3-all-fiber saturable absorption assembly, a 4-coupler, a 5-gain fiber, a 6-polarization-independent isolator, a 7-polarization controller, an 8-fiber group and a 9-laser observation assembly.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description that the present application can be practiced. Features from different embodiments may be combined to yield new embodiments, or certain features may be substituted for certain embodiments to yield yet further preferred embodiments, without departing from the principles of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present application provides an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser, including a laser emitting assembly 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2, an all-fiber saturable absorption assembly 3, a coupler 4, a gain fiber 5, and a polarization-independent isolator 6, which are connected in sequence, where the polarization-independent isolator 6 is connected to the wavelength division multiplexer 2;
the all-fiber saturable absorption component 3 comprises a polarization controller 7 and an optical fiber group 8, wherein the optical fiber group 8 comprises a single-mode fiber, a single-cladding multi-mode fiber and an output single-mode fiber which are sequentially connected.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 1.5 μm harmonic mode-locked fiber laser based on an SMF-MMF-SMF fiber structure according to the present application. It can be seen from the figure that the laser emitting assembly 1, i.e. the pumping source, is coupled and injected into the laser cavity through the wavelength division multiplexer 2, and the gain fiber 5 is a gain medium. The polarization independent isolator 6 ensures unidirectional laser operation. When the device is used, the bending state of the SMF-MMF-SMF saturable absorber is adjusted, after 1.5 mu m traditional soliton mode locking is realized, the SMF-MMF-SMF saturable absorber is fixed in the bending state. Then, the pump power of the single-mode 980nm semiconductor laser is increased, the modulation depth and the non-saturation loss of the saturable absorber can be reduced by fine tuning the polarization controller, the transmission light intensity in the laser is increased due to the reduction of the non-saturation loss, and the pulse bears higher energy in the cavity. The reduction in modulation depth allows the pulse width to be reduced while also allowing the energy of the largest single pulse within the cavity and the peak power of the pulse to be increased. Under the influence of the two points, the pulse width is reduced, the pulse energy is improved, and the traditional soliton is limited by the peak power and can not satisfy the soliton area theorem any more. The traditional soliton is finally split, under the influence of the pulse energy quantization effect in the cavity, the split soliton is influenced by the same gain and loss in the cavity, the soliton tends to be stable under the condition of mode competition, and finally the split pulse forms harmonic mode locking.
The above equation is a negative dispersion cavity-canceling loss coefficient equation, where α c is the non-saturation loss, α o is the modulation depth, and Psat is the saturation power.
The formula is an expression of pulse width of a negative dispersion area, wherein Ts is the pulse width, β 2 is a group velocity dispersion coefficient, q is a chirp parameter, d is a gain dispersion parameter, and gc is an average value of saturation gain on a cavity length L.
Considering again the transmittance of the saturable absorber herein, we illustrate the change in its non-saturation loss in two parts. First, when light enters a multimode fiber from a single mode fiber, light of different orders of modes is excited in the multimode fiber, and the light has certain mode interference in the multimode fiber, and here, analysis assumes that only two types of light of high and low orders exist, and for reference, first we give normalized optical power of input light in the multimode fiber:
wherein Δ βnIs a propagation constant, Δ φNLIt can be seen from this formula that the magnitude of the optical power has a certain relationship with the introduced nonlinear phase shift, and when the angle of the polarization controller is changed (from low transmittance to high transmittance, which is slowly rotated), the magnitude of the optical power is changed by the nonlinear phase shift introduced by the change of the polarization state.
Secondly, we are considering when light enters a single mode fiber from a multimode fiber, we give the coupling formula for coupling the multimode light into the single mode fiber:
this equation is a fully symmetric tensor. Because of the mismatch between the core diameter modes of the multi-mode fiber and the single-mode fiber, when light is coupled into the single-mode fiber from the multi-mode fiber, a portion of the light must be coupled into the cladding, where the loss of optical power is considered to be the non-saturation loss of the SMS saturable absorber. The non-saturation loss has a certain relation with the polarization state, so that the light intensity is modulated by changing the polarization state in the experiment. And when obtaining the fundamental frequency pulse, the higher harmonic waves are realized by increasing the pump power and adjusting the angle of the polarization controller.
Under certain pumping power, the SMF-MMF-SMF optical fiber saturable absorption component 3 is bent, the polarization controller 7 is adjusted, nonlinear phase shift in a laser cavity and light intensity of high-low order mode light are changed, 1.5 mu m traditional soliton mode locking is realized, a spectrum in the traditional soliton mode locking state output is shown in figure 2, a traditional soliton mode locking pulse sequence with the basic repetition frequency of the laser being 1.28MHz is shown in figure 3, and a pulse waveform diagram in the traditional soliton mode locking pulse output of the laser is shown in figure 4. FIG. 5 is a pulse sequence diagram of the laser at high repetition frequency output, with a repetition frequency of 1.127 GHz.
The method utilizes the nonlinear multimode interference effect in the multimode fiber, namely saturable absorptivity caused by the self-focusing effect, and adjusts the nonlinear phase shift and loss in the cavity through the polarization controller, so that the interference light intensity is positioned at an odd-number multiple point of the phase difference pi to realize mode-locked output, and the multimode fiber has a full-fiber structure, higher pulse energy and excellent heat dissipation characteristics. The multimode fiber used in this application is a commercial single clad multimode fiber with a length of 0.6 meters. After the saturable absorption component 3 made of multimode fibers with the same length is coiled into the polarization controller 7, different modulation depths can be obtained by adjusting the polarization controller 7.
Further, the laser emitting assembly 1, the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the all-fiber saturable absorption assembly 3, the coupler 4, the gain fiber 5 and the polarization-independent isolator 6 are sequentially welded, and the polarization-independent isolator 6 is welded with the wavelength division multiplexer 2.
Further, the gain fiber 5 is a single-mode erbium-doped fiber.
Further, the length of the single-clad multimode fiber is 0.6 m.
Further, the laser emitting component 1 is a 980nm semiconductor laser with single-mode output.
Further, the coupler 4 is a 10:90 output coupler, where 10% is the output.
Further, the polarization controller 7 is a manual rotation type polarization controller.
The polarization controller 7 adopts a manual rotary polarization controller for adjusting nonlinear phase shift and light intensity loss in the laser cavity so as to improve the output stability of the pulse laser.
Further, the coupler 4 is connected with a laser observation assembly 9. The connection here is also a fusion.
Further, the wavelength division multiplexer 2, the all-fiber saturable absorption component 3, the coupler 4, the gain fiber 5 and the polarization-independent isolator 6 are sequentially connected to form a fiber ring cavity structure.
The application provides an all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser, single mode-multimode-single mode structure utilizes light transmission to arouse the high order mode in multimode optic fibre, and the recoupling gets into single mode fiber and takes place the interference effect, changes the nonlinearity and the loss in the laser resonator through the rotatory polarization controller of manual formula, modulates the light intensity, realizes passive mode-locked pulse laser output. The SMS structure can tolerate higher energy operation, and compared with a real saturable absorber, the damage threshold can be greatly improved without damaging a mode locking device, and the SMS all-fiber structure fiber laser based on the multimode interference effect has great application and research values. The mode locking device is an optical fiber structure which is formed by sequentially welding a single mode, a multimode and a single mode, and the mode locking mechanism is to utilize nonlinear multimode interference effect and simultaneously change nonlinearity and loss in a cavity through a manual rotary polarization controller to modulate light intensity so as to realize mode locking. The nonlinear multimode interference effect in the multimode fiber realizes mode locking, obtains the traditional soliton output of a 1.5 mu m wave band, and realizes high-order harmonic mode locking. The all-fiber optical fiber laser has the advantages of all-fiber structure, high damage threshold, high stability and compact structure.
Although the present application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made in the configuration and details of the present application within the principles and scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is determined by the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. An all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser is characterized in that: the all-fiber optical fiber laser comprises a laser emitting assembly (1), a wavelength division multiplexer (2), an all-fiber saturable absorption assembly (3), a coupler (4), a gain fiber (5) and a polarization-independent isolator (6) which are sequentially connected, wherein the polarization-independent isolator (6) is connected with the wavelength division multiplexer (2);
the all-fiber saturable absorption component (3) comprises a polarization controller (7) and an optical fiber group (8), wherein the optical fiber group (8) comprises a single-mode fiber, a single-cladding multi-mode fiber and an output single-mode fiber which are sequentially connected.
2. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the laser emitting assembly (1), the wavelength division multiplexer (2), the all-fiber saturable absorption assembly (3), the coupler (4), the gain fiber (5) and the polarization-independent isolator (6) are sequentially welded, and the polarization-independent isolator (6) is welded with the wavelength division multiplexer (2).
3. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the gain fiber (5) is a single-mode erbium-doped fiber.
4. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the length of the single-clad multimode fiber is 0.6 m.
5. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the laser emitting component (1) is a 980nm semiconductor laser with single-mode output.
6. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the coupler (4) is a 10:90 output coupler, wherein 10% is an output terminal.
7. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 1, wherein: the polarization controller (7) is a manual rotary polarization controller.
8. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the coupler (4) is connected with the laser observation assembly (9).
9. The all-fiber mode-locked fiber laser of claim 8, wherein: the wavelength division multiplexer (2), the all-fiber saturable absorption component (3), the coupler (4), the gain fiber (5) and the polarization-independent isolator (6) are sequentially connected to form an optical fiber annular cavity structure.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113113833A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-13 | 长春理工大学 | Mode-locked fiber laser based on conical SMS structure, preparation method and mode-locking method |
| CN113314928A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | High repetition frequency 1.55 mu m all-fiber pulse laser |
| CN114188808A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-15 | 长春理工大学 | Harmonic mode-locked fiber laser with conical SMS structure and control method thereof |
| CN114188804A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-15 | 长春理工大学 | Vector soliton fiber laser, control method and application thereof |
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| CN109616862A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-12 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of mode locking pulse optical fiber laser of based on SMS structure |
| CN110277728A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-24 | 中国计量大学 | Passive mode-locking fiber laser based on less fundamental mode optical fibre saturable absorber |
| CN110289543A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-09-27 | 四川大学 | A kind of micro-nano fiber mode-locking device and preparation method thereof, full-optical-fiber laser |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113113833A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-13 | 长春理工大学 | Mode-locked fiber laser based on conical SMS structure, preparation method and mode-locking method |
| CN113314928A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-27 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | High repetition frequency 1.55 mu m all-fiber pulse laser |
| CN114188808A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-15 | 长春理工大学 | Harmonic mode-locked fiber laser with conical SMS structure and control method thereof |
| CN114188804A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-15 | 长春理工大学 | Vector soliton fiber laser, control method and application thereof |
| CN114188804B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 长春理工大学 | Vector soliton fiber laser, control method and application thereof |
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