CN111400939A - High-precision forming method for titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell - Google Patents
High-precision forming method for titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN111400939A CN111400939A CN201811623929.4A CN201811623929A CN111400939A CN 111400939 A CN111400939 A CN 111400939A CN 201811623929 A CN201811623929 A CN 201811623929A CN 111400939 A CN111400939 A CN 111400939A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision forming method of a titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell, belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell forming, and particularly relates to a high-precision forming method of a titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell. The problems of poor uniformity of wall thickness, long processing flow and low percent of pass are solved. The method comprises the steps of designing and manufacturing a positive and negative expansion cavity type tool die structure and positive and negative two-time air expansion molding by adopting a finite element analysis method. It is mainly used for manufacturing the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy variable wall thickness spherical shell forming, and particularly relates to a high-precision forming method of a titanium alloy variable wall thickness spherical shell.
Background
The titanium alloy storage tank is a core component of a power system for satellite orbit change and attitude adjustment, is a power source for aircraft attitude adjustment, speed correction and orbit maintenance, and has the working principle that an overturning membrane is arranged in the storage tank, and can generate elastic-plastic deformation when being acted by air pressure, so that the membrane is changed from a convex shape to a concave shape, and thus liquid preset in a liquid cavity is extruded and discharged, and a reverse acting force is given to a satellite, so that the corresponding action of the satellite is realized. It can be seen that the core part of the titanium alloy storage tank is a diaphragm part capable of realizing turnover, the part is generally in a hemispherical shell shape, and in order to realize a stable turnover function, the core part is generally designed to be of a variable wall thickness structure, namely the thinner the wall thickness is at the position close to the equator of the spherical shell, the thicker the wall thickness is at the position close to the spherical crown of the spherical shell, so that the equator is ensured to deform firstly, and the spherical crown is deformed finally under uniform loading of air pressure, so as to realize uniform and stable discharge of liquid filled in the liquid cavity. At present, the part has certain technical difficulties, and the most common problem is that the diaphragm is broken and fails due to the fact that the mass center of the diaphragm deviates in the overturning process because the wall thickness of the local position of the diaphragm suddenly changes or the deviation of the local position of the diaphragm and a theoretical model is large. The method for processing the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell part is a mode combining hot press forming and mechanical processing, namely, a sheet material is subjected to hot press forming to form a spherical shell molded surface, then the manufacturing of the variable-wall-thickness spherical shell is realized by machining the inner wall and the outer wall, the processing flow is long, the control difficulty of the uniformity of the wall thickness is very high, the failure of a diaphragm during overturning often occurs due to slight difference of the wall thickness, the blank molded surface of the spherical shell manufactured by hot press is poor, the blank and a tool are often not attached, a proper processing reference is difficult to find during machining, and the deviation of the uniformity of the wall thickness after machining and a theoretical model is large. The problem causes that the yield of the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell product is extremely low, the product price is high, and the rapid development of civil satellites in China is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-precision forming method of a titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-precision forming method for a titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out simulation calculation on the deformation process of the molding of the equal-thickness spherical shell by adopting a finite element analysis method, and obtaining a positive and negative cavity expansion type tool mold structure meeting the requirement of a theoretical model of the variable-thickness spherical shell according to the calculation result;
step two: placing the titanium alloy plate with the equal wall thickness in a positive and negative cavity expansion type tool mold, and closing the tool mold to seal the cavity;
step three: heating the plate along with the tooling die, and carrying out heat preservation treatment;
step four: filling inert gas into the positive expansion type cavity, and attaching the titanium alloy plate to the inner wall of the negative expansion type cavity by utilizing the characteristic of superplasticity of the titanium alloy;
step five: filling inert gas into the reverse expansion type cavity, and attaching the titanium alloy plate to the inner wall of the forward expansion type cavity by utilizing the characteristic of superplasticity of the titanium alloy;
step six: carrying out pressure maintaining treatment on the sealed cavity;
step seven: and (4) carrying out pressure relief and temperature reduction treatment on the plate and the tooling die, and taking out the formed titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell.
Further, the inert gas is argon.
Further, the heating temperature in the third step is 850-.
Furthermore, the heat preservation time in the third step is 60min to 120 min.
Furthermore, the pressure of the inert gas is 0.5MPa-2.0 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method realizes the manufacturing of the variable-wall-thickness spherical shell by utilizing the characteristics of no diameter shrinkage and uniform thinning of materials during titanium alloy superplastic forming and performing positive and negative two-time inflation forming. By carrying out profile detection and wall thickness detection on the ground parts, the method is found to obtain the parts with high profile precision, good wall thickness uniformity and high manufacturing yield. The method comprehensively considers the factors of dimensional accuracy, yield, forming efficiency and the like, and has good application prospect in the aspect of manufacturing the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell structure according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a front and back cavity expansion type tooling mold of the invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of reverse ballooning according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of positive inflation according to the present invention
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely explained below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the embodiment is described, and a titanium alloy variable wall thickness spherical shell high-precision forming method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out simulation calculation on the deformation process of the molding of the equal-thickness spherical shell by adopting a finite element analysis method, and obtaining a positive and negative cavity expansion type tool mold structure meeting the requirement of a theoretical model of the variable-thickness spherical shell according to the calculation result;
step two: placing the titanium alloy plate with the equal wall thickness in a positive and negative cavity expansion type tool mold, and closing the tool mold to seal the cavity;
step three: heating the plate along with the tooling die, and carrying out heat preservation treatment;
step four: filling inert gas into the positive expansion type cavity, and attaching the titanium alloy plate to the inner wall of the negative expansion type cavity by utilizing the characteristic of superplasticity of the titanium alloy;
step five: filling inert gas into the reverse expansion type cavity, and attaching the titanium alloy plate to the inner wall of the forward expansion type cavity by utilizing the characteristic of superplasticity of the titanium alloy;
step six: carrying out pressure maintaining treatment on the sealed cavity;
step seven: and (4) carrying out pressure relief and temperature reduction treatment on the plate and the tooling die, and taking out the formed titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell.
In the embodiment, the inert gas is argon, a finite element analysis method is adopted, simulation calculation is carried out on the deformation process of the material thickness spherical shell forming, the wall thickness reduction rule is analyzed, a positive and negative expansion type tool is designed by combining the wall thickness distribution rule of the wall thickness variable spherical shell, simulation calculation is carried out on the spherical shell forming process by adopting the designed tool, repeated adjustment is carried out according to the wall thickness distribution rule, and finally the tool structure meeting the requirements of the theoretical model is obtained. The sheet is placed in a positive and negative expansion type tool, the sealing of a cavity is realized by closing a die, the die is heated to 850-950 ℃, the temperature is kept for 60-120 min, argon gas with 0.5-2.0 MPa is filled into the positive expansion type cavity, the thinning rule of the material is controlled by utilizing the superplasticity characteristic of the sheet, the sheet is superplastically formed to a designed shape, then the argon gas with 0.5-2.0 MPa is filled into the negative expansion type cavity, the sheet is attached to a female die which meets the theoretical appearance requirement of the variable-wall thickness spherical shell, and the pressure is maintained for a period of time. And after the forming is finished, releasing the pressure and reducing the temperature. And the self-annealing of the parts is realized by controlling the cooling rate, and the structural part product with higher precision is finally obtained.
According to the invention, the wall thickness is pre-distributed through the reverse expansion die, the outer molded surface of the spherical shell is accurately controlled through the forward expansion die, the wall thickness precision and the molded surface precision are ensured through two-step molding, and the high-yield manufacturing of the spherical shell with the variable wall thickness can be realized without machining after molding.
The titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell high-precision forming method provided by the invention is described in detail, a specific example is applied in the method to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the example is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high-precision forming method of a titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out simulation calculation on the deformation process of the molding of the equal-thickness spherical shell by adopting a finite element analysis method, and obtaining a positive and negative cavity expansion type tool mold structure meeting the requirement of a theoretical model of the variable-thickness spherical shell according to the calculation result;
step two: placing the titanium alloy plate with the equal wall thickness in a positive and negative cavity expansion type tool mold, and closing the tool mold to seal the cavity;
step three: heating the plate along with the tooling die, and carrying out heat preservation treatment;
step four: filling inert gas into the positive expansion type cavity, and attaching the titanium alloy plate to the inner wall of the negative expansion type cavity by utilizing the characteristic of superplasticity of the titanium alloy;
step five: filling inert gas into the reverse expansion type cavity, and attaching the titanium alloy plate to the inner wall of the forward expansion type cavity by utilizing the characteristic of superplasticity of the titanium alloy;
step six: carrying out pressure maintaining treatment on the sealed cavity;
step seven: and (4) carrying out pressure relief and temperature reduction treatment on the plate and the tooling die, and taking out the formed titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell.
2. The high-precision forming method of the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inert gas is argon.
3. The high-precision forming method of the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating temperature in the third step is 850-950 ℃.
4. The high-precision forming method of the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat preservation time in the third step is 60-120 min.
5. The high-precision forming method of the titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure of the inert gas is 0.5MPa-2.0 MPa.
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| CN201811623929.4A CN111400939A (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | High-precision forming method for titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112974614A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-18 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Method for controlling wall thickness uniformity of superplastic forming of titanium alloy thin-wall seamless lining straight cylinder section |
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| CN107451347A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-12-08 | 中南大学 | Induce the Active Control Method of thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing |
| CN108145000A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of uniform wall thickness method of titanium alloy thick spherical shell isothermal punching press |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107451347A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-12-08 | 中南大学 | Induce the Active Control Method of thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing |
| CN108145000A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of uniform wall thickness method of titanium alloy thick spherical shell isothermal punching press |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 孙梦莹等: "5A06铝合金板材超塑气胀成形壁厚均匀性研究及模具设计" * |
| 芮玉龙;张益华;陈明和;左大平;: "半球形Al-Mg-Sc合金超塑胀形壁厚分布的有限元分析" * |
| 蒋少松等: "变摩擦正反向超塑成形壁厚均匀的TC4钛合金深筒形件" * |
| 雷海龙等: "TC4 钛合金贮箱半球超塑成形模具型面设计" * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112974614A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-18 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Method for controlling wall thickness uniformity of superplastic forming of titanium alloy thin-wall seamless lining straight cylinder section |
| CN112974614B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-07-05 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Method for controlling wall thickness uniformity of superplastic forming of titanium alloy thin-wall seamless lining straight cylinder section |
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Application publication date: 20200710 |