CN102107243B - Self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part - Google Patents
Self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part Download PDFInfo
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- CN102107243B CN102107243B CN 200910248664 CN200910248664A CN102107243B CN 102107243 B CN102107243 B CN 102107243B CN 200910248664 CN200910248664 CN 200910248664 CN 200910248664 A CN200910248664 A CN 200910248664A CN 102107243 B CN102107243 B CN 102107243B
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- titanium alloy
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- cylindrical part
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-weight thermal forming process for a titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, which is characterized in that under the action of self-weight of a thermal forming clamp, a pressure instead of a dynamic force is generated on the titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part; and the thermal forming of the titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part is completed in a vacuum furnace. The used clamp of the invention has a simple structure, a low manufacturing cost and a short development and application period. The whole process is a novel idea and provides a new approach to the forming of the thin-wall titanium alloy cylindrical parts. The process is significant in technical innovation and economic benefit, and can be widely applied in related technical fields.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part thermoforming technology, a kind of self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part is provided especially.
Background technology:
In prior art, for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, because the part main body is titanium alloy material, it can't be shaped under the normal temperature state.Need to adopt the hot-forming or inflatable superplastic forming of coupling mould according to common process.But the selected tool structure of this two schemes is complicated, requires equipment to have the functions such as hot pressing function or complicated air feed, and the manufacturing cycle is long, and manufacturing cost is high.
Titanium alloy material σ
0.2/ σ
bRatio is higher, during machine-shaping, resilience is larger, easy crackle, titanium alloy plate is difficult forming at normal temperatures, especially utilizes the coupling mold forming with the part of profile, very easily cracks, conventional cold stretch, cold expanding type can not adopt, larger-size coupling mould thermoforming part, molding effect is also bad, and piece surface easily produces gauffer.
Therefore, people expect to obtain a kind of workable, titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part thermoforming process that technique effect is good.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of workable, self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part that technique effect is good.
Consider that the titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part structure is usually comparatively simple, we adopt a kind of low cost of manufacture at special the proposition, and Development Schedule is fast, and frock simple in structure is auxiliary realizes that hot state downforce shaping scheme completes this part forming.
A kind of self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part of the present invention, it is characterized in that: utilize the Gravitative Loads of thermoforming fixture to produce pressure replacement power on the part titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, complete in vacuum drying oven the hot forming of titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part.
Self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part of the present invention, also claimed following content: in described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, the die size that uses satisfies following specific requirement:
Wherein: Φ is accessory size, α
1Be linear expansion coefficient; D is die size, α
2Be linear expansion coefficient; Δ T is the difference of operating temperature and normal temperature;
The weight of the mould that uses requires to overcome the part material tensile strength sigma according to the gravity that produces under the condition of high temperature
b, in the process that temperature raises, the tensile strength that overcomes processed titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part material produces and moves down; F/S＞σ satisfies condition
bThe time, the mould that uses moves down; Wherein: the downward directed force F=Mg of mould, S are mould and part contact area; σ
bBe tensile strength under part high temperature.
Described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part satisfies following specific requirement:
At first processed titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part is fixed by thermoforming fixture clamping with the vertical direction of axis;
Then fixture and part to be processed 2 are together packed in vacuum drying oven; At first vacuumize (vacuum requires in case block turns to purpose), then heat temperature raising; In the process that heats up, the tensile strength sigma of titanium alloy material
bReduce, and the inner mold with constant weight is subjected to action of gravitation, the tensile strength that overcomes part material moves down, the position stress deformation that part contacts with inner mold;
Be moved to the extreme position of appointment at the Gravitative Loads of thermoforming fixture when part to be processed 2, part to be processed 2 no longer moves, but the impact that the volume of part to be processed 2 is raise by temperature is expanded gradually, and it is in particular in that outside dimension increases, and the position that part contacts is with it also swollen simultaneously; Particularly, the present invention utilizes inner mold shaped block deadweight to produce the relative part of pressure bottom to carry out slip forming, and outer mold is controlled the contour shape size at part forming place;
Stop heating, come out of the stove when being cooled in stove temperature and being below 300 ℃;
Come out of the stove rear part and thermoforming fixture both between the demoulding.
Further in preferred content, described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part satisfies following specific requirement: the processed titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part with clamping in the thermoforming fixture and thermoforming fixture are together packed in vacuum drying oven; Vacuumizing heat temperature raising under condition, after workspace in stove reached the temperature 800～880C of technological requirement, after insulation 1～3h, accessory size and shape were fixed by the inner mold profile; Stop afterwards heating, carry out that nature is cooling or applying argon gas is cooling, until come out of the stove when in stove, temperature drops to below 300 ℃.It is the deadweight of claimed structure spare in essence that above-mentioned heat treatment temperature requires
In described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, thermoforming fixture used satisfies following requirement: the thermoforming fixture is comprised of outer mold 1 and inner mold 3 two large divisions; Described inner mold is constructed as follows: inner mold type piece 301, pillar 302 and guidance type lid 303, wherein:
Inner mold type piece 301 has been specially certain thickness circular ring structure, and its thickness is 20mm～200mm; Guidance type lid 303 is substantially parallel and planar circular structure inner mold type piece 301, and pillar 302 is arranged on to rise between inner mold type piece 301 and guidance type lid 303 and connects and supporting role.In described thermoforming fixture, outer mold 1 is GH3044, and inner mold 3 is 1Cr18Ni9Ti.
In self-weight thermal forming process, forming temperature and temperature retention time are chosen according to titanium alloy cylindrical part materials hot working characteristic and test, calculating the required conversion pressure of its distortion by the mechanical strength of part to be processed 2 under hot state is the weight (gravity G=mg) of frock, the appearance and size of outer mold 1 structure control part to be processed 2,303, guidance type lid can be used for guiding and guarantee that part to be processed 2 is concentric in thermoforming fixture dead load forming process.
The present invention is mainly used in completing two sections hot forming manufacturings of the afterburning cylindrical shell of titanium alloy, its main innovate point has been to propose the new scheme of a kind of technology: in conjunction with titanium alloy material strength decreased under the condition of high temperature, the characteristic that plasticity increases, use hot forming fixture own wt (gravity G=mg) (the Mechanical Strength Design clamp weight of part forming part material during by hot forming) and act on piece surface and produce pressure and replace plant machinery power and the profile principle of finalizing the design, complete in vacuum drying oven the hot forming of titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part.
For titanium alloy major diameter band straight section conical barrel shape piece, utilize the mould own wt to produce the principle of gravity, in the environment of heating, part material is softening, its tensile strength significantly reduces, mould gravity overcomes Tensile strength, produces the shaping mechanism, can complete large diameter thin wall titanium alloy simple structure cylinder part.
Cost is lower, the general cylindrical member of conventional forming technology adopts gas expansion forming (superplastic forming is a kind of) technique and heat setting process to complete, but general most of employing of gas bulging forming process mould therefor selected high-temperature alloy material, manufacturing cost is higher, generally press accessory size, the high-temperature alloy material expense is nearly more than 2,000,000, and deadweight heat forming technology mould therefor is mainly take 1Cr18Ni9Ti as main, the manufacturing cost expense is lower, generally mold materials expense 300,000 left and right.
Deadweight hot forming part satisfies production engineering specifications.(two sections of figure one, TA12 material casing cylindrical shells; Figure two, TC4 material, certain wheel chamber casing)
In terms of existing technologies, in the present invention, part to be processed 2 is that titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part adopts thermoforming fixture deadweight forming technology to carry out work, and it is simple in structure, low cost of manufacture, the development and application cycle is short, and it has opened up another approach for thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part is shaped.The present invention has huge technological innovation and is worth and larger economic worth.It can promote the use of correlative technology field.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is design of part sketch (fabricated part design drawing after processing);
Fig. 2 is the tool structure sketch;
Fig. 3 is one of process implementing process schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is two of process implementing process schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is three of process implementing process schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is four of process implementing process schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is two sections photos of certain casing cylindrical shell of TA12 material;
Fig. 8 is the TC4 material, certain wheel chamber casing photo.
The specific embodiment:
A kind of self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part: utilize the Gravitative Loads of thermoforming fixture (as Fig. 2) to replace power in the upper pressure that produces of titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part (referring to Fig. 3-6 and Fig. 1), complete in vacuum drying oven the hot forming of titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part.
The described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part of the present embodiment also includes following content: in described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, the die size that uses satisfies following specific requirement:
Wherein: Φ is accessory size, α
1Be linear expansion coefficient; D is die size, α
2Be linear expansion coefficient; Δ T is the difference of operating temperature and normal temperature;
The weight of the mould that uses requires to overcome the part material tensile strength sigma according to the gravity that produces under the condition of high temperature
b, in the process that temperature raises, the tensile strength that overcomes processed titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part material produces and moves down; F/S＞σ satisfies condition
bThe time, the mould that uses moves down; Wherein: the downward directed force F=Mg of mould, S are mould and part contact area; σ
bBe tensile strength under part high temperature.
Described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part satisfies following specific requirement:
At first processed titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part is fixed by thermoforming fixture clamping with the vertical direction of axis;
Then fixture and part to be processed 2 are together packed in vacuum drying oven;
At first vacuumize (vacuum requires in case block turns to purpose, and occurrence can be 0.13Pa), then heat temperature raising; In the process that heats up, the tensile strength sigma of titanium alloy material
bReduce, and the inner mold with constant weight is subjected to action of gravitation, the tensile strength that overcomes part material moves down, the position stress deformation that part contacts with inner mold;
Vacuumizing heat temperature raising under condition, after workspace in stove reached 880 ℃ of the temperature of technological requirement, after insulation 2h, accessory size and shape were fixed by the inner mold profile;
Be moved to the extreme position of appointment at the Gravitative Loads of thermoforming fixture when part to be processed 2, part to be processed 2 no longer moves, but the impact that the volume of part to be processed 2 is raise by temperature is expanded gradually, and it is in particular in that outside dimension increases, and the position that part contacts is with it also swollen simultaneously; Particularly, the present invention utilizes inner mold shaped block deadweight to produce the relative part of pressure bottom to carry out slip forming, and outer mold is controlled the contour shape size at part forming place;
Stop afterwards heating, carry out that nature is cooling or applying argon gas is cooling, until come out of the stove when in stove, temperature drops to below 300 ℃.Come out of the stove rear part and thermoforming fixture both between the demoulding.
In described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, thermoforming fixture used satisfies following requirement: the thermoforming fixture is comprised of outer mold 1 and inner mold 3 two large divisions; Described inner mold is constructed as follows: inner mold type piece 301, pillar 302 and guidance type lid 303, wherein:
Inner mold type piece 301 has been specially certain thickness circular ring structure, and its thickness is 20mm～200mm; Guidance type lid 303 is substantially parallel and planar circular structure inner mold type piece 301, and pillar 302 is arranged on to rise between inner mold type piece 301 and guidance type lid 303 and connects and supporting role.In described thermoforming fixture, outer mold 1 is GH3044, and inner mold 3 is 1Cr18Ni9Ti.
In self-weight thermal forming process, forming temperature and temperature retention time are chosen according to titanium alloy cylindrical part materials hot working characteristic and test, calculating the required conversion pressure of its distortion by the mechanical strength of part to be processed 2 under hot state is the weight (gravity G=mg) of frock, the appearance and size of outer mold 1 structure control part to be processed 2,303, guidance type lid can be used for guiding and guarantee that part to be processed 2 is concentric in thermoforming fixture dead load forming process.
The present embodiment is mainly used in completing two sections hot forming manufacturings of the afterburning cylindrical shell of titanium alloy, its main innovate point has been to propose the new scheme of a kind of technology: in conjunction with titanium alloy material strength decreased under the condition of high temperature, the characteristic that plasticity increases, use hot forming fixture own wt (gravity G=mg) (the Mechanical Strength Design clamp weight of part forming part material during by hot forming) and act on piece surface and produce pressure and replace plant machinery power and the profile principle of finalizing the design, complete in vacuum drying oven the hot forming of titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part.
For titanium alloy major diameter band straight section conical barrel shape piece, utilize the mould own wt to produce the principle of gravity, in the environment of heating, part material is softening, its tensile strength significantly reduces, mould gravity overcomes Tensile strength, produces the shaping mechanism, can complete large diameter thin wall titanium alloy simple structure cylinder part.
Cost is lower, the general cylindrical member of conventional forming technology adopts gas expansion forming (superplastic forming is a kind of) technique and heat setting process to complete, but general most of employing of gas bulging forming process mould therefor selected high-temperature alloy material, manufacturing cost is higher, generally press accessory size, the high-temperature alloy material expense is nearly more than 2,000,000, and deadweight heat forming technology mould therefor is mainly take 1Cr18Ni9Ti as main, the manufacturing cost expense is lower, generally mold materials expense 300,000 left and right.
Deadweight hot forming part satisfies production engineering specifications.(as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8)
In terms of existing technologies, in the present invention, part to be processed 2 is that titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part adopts thermoforming fixture deadweight forming technology to carry out work, and it is simple in structure, low cost of manufacture, the development and application cycle is short, and it has opened up another approach for thin-walled titanium alloy cylindrical part is shaped.The present invention has huge technological innovation and is worth and larger economic worth.It can promote the use of correlative technology field.
Claims (4)
1. a self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, utilize the Gravitative Loads of thermoforming fixture to produce pressure replacement power on processed titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, completes in vacuum drying oven the hot forming of titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part;
It is characterized in that: in described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, thermoforming fixture used satisfies following requirement: the thermoforming fixture is comprised of outer mold (1) and inner mold (3) two large divisions; Described inner mold is constructed as follows: inner mold type piece (301), pillar (302) and guidance type lid (303), and wherein: inner mold type piece (301) has been specially certain thickness circular ring structure, and its thickness is 20mm ~ 200mm; Guidance type lid (303) is for being basically parallel to the planar circular structure of inner mold type piece (301), and pillar (302) is arranged on to rise between inner mold type piece (301) and guidance type lid (303) and connects and supporting role;
In described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, the thermoforming grip size satisfies following specific requirement:
Wherein: Φ is accessory size, α
1Be the part linear expansion coefficient; D is the thermoforming grip size, α
2Be its linear expansion coefficient; Δ T is the difference of operating temperature and normal temperature;
The weight of thermoforming fixture requires to overcome the part material tensile strength sigma according to the gravity that produces under the condition of high temperature
b, in the process that temperature raises, the tensile strength that overcomes processed titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part material produces and moves down; F/S satisfies condition〉σ
bThe time, the thermoforming fixture moves down; Wherein: the downward directed force F=Mg of thermoforming fixture, S are thermoforming fixture and part contact area; σ
bBe tensile strength under part high temperature.
2. according to the described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part satisfies following specific requirement:
At first processed titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part is fixed by thermoforming fixture clamping with the vertical direction of axis;
Then fixture and part to be processed (2) are together packed in vacuum drying oven;
At first vacuumize, then heat temperature raising; In the process that heats up, the tensile strength sigma of titanium alloy material
bReduce, and the inner mold (3) with constant weight is subjected to action of gravitation, the tensile strength that overcomes part material moves down, the position stress deformation that part contacts with inner mold (3);
When part to be processed (2) is moved to the extreme position of appointment at the Gravitative Loads of thermoforming fixture, part to be processed (2) no longer moves, but the impact that the volume of part to be processed (2) is raise by temperature is expanded gradually, it is in particular in that outside dimension increases, and the position that part contacts is with it also swollen simultaneously;
Stop heating, come out of the stove when being cooled in stove temperature and being below 300 ℃;
The demoulding between rear part and mould of coming out of the stove.
3. according to the described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part satisfies following specific requirement:
Processed titanium alloy thin wall cylindrical part with clamping in the thermoforming fixture and thermoforming fixture are together packed in vacuum drying oven; Vacuumizing heat temperature raising under condition, after workspace in stove reached 800～880 ℃ of the temperature of technological requirement, after insulation 1～3h, accessory size and shape were fixed by the inner mold profile; Stop afterwards heating, carry out that nature is cooling or applying argon gas is cooling, until in stove, temperature drops to 300 ° of C and comes out of the stove when following.
4. according to the described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part of claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part, thermoforming fixture used satisfies following requirement: outer mold (1) is GH3044, and inner mold (3) is 1Cr18Ni9Ti.
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| CN 200910248664 CN102107243B (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2009-12-23 | Self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part |
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| CN 200910248664 CN102107243B (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2009-12-23 | Self-weight thermal forming process for titanium alloy thin-wall cylindrical part |
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| CN102107243B true CN102107243B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102492820A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Method for preventing heat treatment deformation of thin wall pressure vessel cylindrical shell with major diameter |
| CN102896220A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-30 | 北京航星机器制造公司 | Hot forming/hot sizing/heat treatment integrated forming method and die |
| CN103028903B (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2015-05-13 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Thermal forming method and fixture for titanium alloy damping sleeve |
| CN103381440B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2016-03-02 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | A kind of thermo shaping method of Ti Alloy Curved part |
| CN104451047B (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2017-05-24 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Hot sizing device and hot sizing method for thin-wall stamping part |
| CN110695196A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-17 | 东南大学 | Forming method of straight-wall cylindrical part with uniform wall thickness |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5242102A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1993-09-07 | Nicolas Raymond G | Method for forming and diffusion bonding titanium alloys in a contaminant-free liquid retort |
| CN1962106A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-05-16 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Method for leveling tungsten plate with high straightness |
| CN1970181A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2007-05-30 | 宝钛集团有限公司 | Metal sheet hot-rectification processing method |
-
2009
- 2009-12-23 CN CN 200910248664 patent/CN102107243B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5242102A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1993-09-07 | Nicolas Raymond G | Method for forming and diffusion bonding titanium alloys in a contaminant-free liquid retort |
| CN1962106A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-05-16 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Method for leveling tungsten plate with high straightness |
| CN1970181A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2007-05-30 | 宝钛集团有限公司 | Metal sheet hot-rectification processing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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