CN107451347A - Induce the Active Control Method of thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing - Google Patents

Induce the Active Control Method of thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing Download PDF

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CN107451347A
CN107451347A CN201710609298.XA CN201710609298A CN107451347A CN 107451347 A CN107451347 A CN 107451347A CN 201710609298 A CN201710609298 A CN 201710609298A CN 107451347 A CN107451347 A CN 107451347A
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thin
square tube
dividing plate
mrow
absorbing
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CN107451347B (en
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姚曙光
许平
肖娴靓
彭勇
鲁寨军
闫凯波
陆思思
车全伟
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Central South University
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation

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Abstract

The present invention relates to Constructional Modal Analysis technical field, discloses a kind of Active Control Method for inducing thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing, to improve the energy absorption ability of endergonic structure and ensure stable deformation pattern.The inventive method includes：Obtain the structural parameters of thin-walled square tube to be analyzed；The collapsing flexing gauffer number and calculating thin-walled square tube under Impact Load for predicting thin-walled square tube according to structural parameters collapses the mean force of deformation, effectively moulding cuts with scissors half-wave length and original energy absorption；The FEM model of thin-walled square tube is established, finite element modal analysis is carried out to thin-walled square tube, and the quantity of dividing plate is set up according to the convergence formula determination set up between dividing plate quantity and expected energy-absorbing；Then the dividing plate set up is separately positioned at the corresponding node of vibration mode of bending vibation mode picture of selected Higher-order Sine buckling mode；To setting up the improved structure after dividing plate, square tube impact dynamics simulation calculation mechanical model is established, carries out simulation analysis, compares the front and rear energy absorption characteristics of optimization.

Description

Induce the Active Control Method of thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing
Technical field
The present invention relates to Constructional Modal Analysis technical field, more particularly to a kind of active control for inducing thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing Method.
Background technology
The security of the lives and property of Traffic Collision accident serious threat people, carry out colliding passive peace using crash energy absorption equipment Full protection turns into important measure, and metal thin-wall pipe fitting is widely used being compressed axially lower generation bending deformation and absorb impact kinetic energy In energy absorption device.But the deformation pattern of thin-wall pipe is by the physical dimension of structure, primary condition, boundary condition, material property Influence, there is randomness in the generation of deformation pattern, under the conditions of friction speed, there may be compact mode for same thin-walled square tube Or non-compact mode.Therefore, it is local by precrack groove, default diaphragm plate etc. to optimize the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled square tube The inducement structures such as additional structure.
In fact, every kind of structure has the eigenfrequncies and vibration models of oneself.Thereby, the present invention uses for reference Constructional Modal Analysis skill Art, the axial Sine Buckling vibration shape of structure difference order is obtained, dividing plate is added at node of vibration mode, constrains the displacement of node of vibration mode, Position caused by fixed plastic hinge, the buckling pattern of induction thin-walled square tube structure towards the vibration shape develop.To increase the energy-absorbing of structure Amount, by the Higher-order Sine buckling mode of excitation structure effectively inducement structure increase towards energy-absorbing energy, the trend of stabilization Development.Both design efficiency can be improved, can also improve the energy absorption ability of endergonic structure and stable deformation pattern to greatest extent.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at a kind of Active Control Method for inducing thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing is disclosed, to improve endergonic structure Energy absorption ability simultaneously ensures stable deformation pattern.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses a kind of Active Control Method for inducing thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing, including：
The first step, the structural parameters for obtaining thin-walled square tube to be analyzed；The structural parameters are b including the length of side, and wall thickness is T, overall length L；
Second step, predict according to the structural parameters thin-walled square tube collapse flexing wrinkle under Impact Load Pleat number N1And calculate the mean force F that the thin-walled square tube collapses deformationm, effectively moulding hinge half-wave length H and original suction ENERGY E1；
3rd step, the FEM model for establishing the thin-walled square tube, finite element modal analysis is carried out to the thin-walled square tube, The gauffer number for selecting axial order bending vibation mode picture to show is more than N1Higher-order Sine buckling mode；Then basis sets up dividing plate quantity N2With energy-absorbing E2Between convergence formula determine to set up the quantity of dividing plate；Then the dividing plate set up is separately positioned on selected Higher-order Sine buckling mode bending vibation mode picture corresponding node of vibration mode at；Wherein, it is described to set up dividing plate quantity N2With energy-absorbing E2Between Convergence formula be：Wherein, δeFor gauffer compression ratio；
4th step, to setting up the improved structure after dividing plate, establish square tube impact dynamics simulation calculation mechanical model, carry out Simulation analysis, compare the front and rear energy absorption characteristics of optimization.
Alternatively, the correlation computations formula of above-mentioned second step includes：
Fm/M0=52.22 (b/t)1/3；
M0=σ0t2/4；
N1=L/ (2H)；
E1=FmHδeN1；
Wherein, σyFor yield strength, σuFor ultimate strength, n is intensified index.
The present invention program is relied on, the Stiffness Distribution situation that can be shown in axial direction for vibration shape result, in the larger area of rigidity Domain constrains reinforcement structure rigidity by increasing internal diaphragm plate or external reinforcing muscle, passes through perforate or prefabricated in rigidity weaker area Impression constraint weakens the rigidity of structure.Thereby, improved structure of the invention, its dividing plate are typically uneven distribution, and thin The impact end of wall square tube can also there are half-wave.On the other hand, when carrying out finite element modal analysis to the thin-walled square tube, Laterally select first-order bending vibation mode picture.
In the present invention, further, when comparing the approximate two kinds of improved structures of the energy absorption characteristics after setting up dividing plate, Change stroke speed in above-mentioned square tube impact dynamics simulation calculation mechanical model, small improved structure is influenceed as most using speed Whole endergonic structure.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention utilizes Constructional Modal Analysis, and the high-order axial direction Sine Buckling mode for obtaining structure is shaken shape, by flexing Node of vibration mode opening position sets constraint dividing plate, reduces single Plastic hinge length, increases the number of plastic hinge, and it is average to improve impact Power, so as to which amplitude peak improves the energy absorption capability of structure.Dividing plate quantity is scientifically and rationally determined by the present invention, significantly carried The high energy absorption ability of endergonic structure simultaneously ensures stable deformation pattern so that the endergonic structure of induction has：Irreversible plasticity Deformation, cushioning effect power is constant, deformation stroke length, stable and repeatability deformation pattern；And speed influences small, guarantee Reliability and energy absorption capability of the endergonic structure under different operating load-up condition.
As the liter that prolongs of the present invention program, the thin-walled square tube of the above method can be replaced by quarter bend or Taper Pipe.
On the other hand, the position of inducement structure can be fast and effeciently determined by the inventive method, improves design efficiency.
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for forming the part of the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention Apply example and its illustrate to be used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the uneven setting schematic diagram of dividing plate of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the final deformation pattern figure of non-inductive windings square tube of experiment of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 has the final deformation pattern figure of dividing plate square tube for experiment of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the final deformation pattern figure of non-inductive windings quarter bend of experiment of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 has the final deformation pattern figure of dividing plate quarter bend for experiment of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the final deformation pattern figure of non-inductive windings Taper Pipe of experiment of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 has the final deformation pattern figure of dividing plate Taper Pipe for experiment of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the convergence relation schematic diagram between the dividing plate quantity of the embodiment of the present invention and expected energy-absorbing；
Fig. 9 is the 60th rank model analysis bending vibation mode picture of certain thin-wall construction axial direction of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the present invention can be defined by the claims Implement with the multitude of different ways of covering.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment discloses a kind of Active Control Method for inducing thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing, using Constructional Modal Analysis, to obtain High-order axial direction Sine Buckling mode to structure is shaken shape, by setting constraint dividing plate (and specific in flexing node of vibration mode opening position During setting, node of vibration mode one and only one dividing plate), reduce single Plastic hinge length, increase the number of plastic hinge, improve Mean force is impacted, so as to which amplitude peak improves the energy absorption capability of structure
By taking thin-walled square tube as an example, the present embodiment method specifically includes：
The first step, the structural parameters for obtaining thin-walled square tube to be analyzed；Structural parameters are b, wall thickness t including the length of side, always A length of L.
Second step, according to structural parameters predict that thin-walled square tube under Impact Load collapses flexing gauffer number N1And calculate the mean force F that thin-walled square tube collapses deformationm, effectively moulding hinge half-wave length H and original energy absorption E1。
The step can be according to (Abramowicz and Jones are proposed) ideal elastic-plastic square tube theoretic prediction methods, meter Calculate the mean force F that thin-wall pipe structure collapses deformation under Impact LoadmWith effective moulding hinge half-wave length H, from And obtain collapsing flexing gauffer number N, with reference to gauffer compression ratio δe(Abramowicz and Jones propositions) predicts light-wall pipe The energy-absorbing energy of part structure.Correlation computations formula includes：
Fm/M0=52.22 (b/t)1/3；
M0=σ0t2/4；
N1=L/ (2H)；
E1=FmHδeN1；
Wherein, σyFor yield strength, σuFor ultimate strength, n is intensified index.
3rd step, the FEM model for establishing thin-walled square tube, finite element modal analysis is carried out to thin-walled square tube, selection is axially The gauffer number that order bending vibation mode picture is shown is more than N1Higher-order Sine buckling mode；Then basis sets up dividing plate quantity N2With expection Energy-absorbing E2Between convergence formula determine to set up the quantity of dividing plate；Then the dividing plate set up is separately positioned on to selected height At the corresponding node of vibration mode of the bending vibation mode picture of rank Sine Buckling mode；Wherein, dividing plate quantity N is set up2With expected energy-absorbing E2Between receipts Holding back formula is：Wherein, δeFor gauffer compression ratio.
Generally, it is contemplated that energy-absorbing E2Can be in original energy absorption E1On the basis of increase certain ratio, specific ratio can be according to should Reasonable set is carried out with environment and user's request, is known quantity in the convergence formula of correlation determines the calculating of dividing plate quantity.
FEM model can be established on finite element analysis software platform (such as Ansys) in the step, specifically included：Foundation The geometric topo-relationship of structure establishes the grid model of structure, and then the stress characteristic according to structure chooses cell type, sets Unit grid material properties and section attribute obtain all units of fine finite element, according to constraints to network Apply constraint, obtain the mechanics FEM model of thin-wall pipe structure.
Under impact loading, the dynamic response stage of thin-wall construction is divided into transient response stage and modal response rank Section.A transient response characterized by hinge of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line be present under original ambient load incentive action in impact process early stage, structure Stage；In the impact process later stage, configuration state is by transient response step transition to modal response stage.The deformation in transient response stage Obtained by structure initial velocity field with evolution, in the transient response stage, malformation form does not stop to change, velocity field Size and distribution are also unstable, and then the position for influenceing plastic hinge changes with the time.And in modal response stage, velocity field Distribution form it is constant, stress keeps constant after reaching plastic limit.Because the foundation deformation in modal response stage is close to knot Structure quasistatic limiting condition, so by the modal analysis result of thin-wall construction, it can predict that Structures Under Impulsive Loading is bent Bent deformation process.
Generally, modal analysis result have free end bending deformation, Integral bending twisting strain, two planes of symmetry laterally a first order mode, The horizontal horizontal polytype such as three first order modes of a first order mode, one side transverse direction second_mode, one side of four planes of symmetry, under different orders Model analysis bending vibation mode picture is different.In the present embodiment, because laterally a first order mode is similar with light-wall pipe bending deformation pattern, because This is carrying out finite element modal analysis to the thin-walled square tube, laterally preferentially selects first-order bending vibation mode picture；That is the present embodiment, carrying out During model analysis, axial direction preferably high order mode figure, horizontal preferably low order mode figure.
On the other hand, the step is directed to the Stiffness Distribution situation that vibration shape result is shown, and passes through increasing in rigidity large area Add internal diaphragm plate or external reinforcing muscle to constrain reinforcement structure rigidity, constrained in rigidity weaker area by perforate or premade indentation Weaken the rigidity of structure.Thereby, as shown in figure 1, the improved structure of the present embodiment, its dividing plate are typically uneven distribution, and Half-wave can be also there are in the impact end of thin-walled square tube.
4th step, to setting up the improved structure after dividing plate, establish square tube impact dynamics simulation calculation mechanical model, carry out Simulation analysis, compare the front and rear energy absorption characteristics of optimization.Further, approximate two kinds of the energy absorption characteristics after setting up dividing plate are being compared During improved structure, change stroke speed in above-mentioned square tube impact dynamics simulation calculation mechanical model, influenceed with speed small Improved structure is as final endergonic structure.
It is as follows for the above method, specific experiment：
【Experiment one】
Specific experiment is carried out with certain square tube, and is additionally arranged 14 dividing plates, non-inductive windings and has the final distorted pattern corresponding to dividing plate Respectively as shown in Figures 2 and 3, energy absorption adds 28.95% to formula.Specific energy absorption characteristics parameter comparison result such as table 1 below.
Table 1：
【Experiment two】
Replace square tube to carry out specific experiment with quarter bend, and be additionally arranged 19 dividing plates, non-inductive windings and have final corresponding to dividing plate Respectively as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, energy absorption adds 93.78% to deformation pattern.Specific energy absorption characteristics parameter comparison result such as following table 2。
Table 2：
【Experiment three】
Replace square tube to carry out specific experiment with Taper Pipe, and be additionally arranged 17 dividing plates, non-inductive windings and have final corresponding to dividing plate Respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, energy absorption adds 146.74% to deformation pattern.Specific energy absorption characteristics parameter comparison result is as follows Table 3.
Table 3：
In addition, above-mentioned in the present embodiment set up dividing plate quantity N2With expected energy-absorbing E2Between convergence relation can refer to Fig. 8, Wherein, it is illustrated that mean force FmConverge to expected energy-absorbing E2Convergence pad determined condition.Fig. 9 is certain rank mould of thin-wall construction the 60th State analyzes bending vibation mode picture, for result, increases dividing plate in black line position to control thin-walled structure buckling to deform, (black in two dividing plates Line) between form a gauffer, therefore totally 10 half gauffers.
To sum up, the present embodiment has the advantages that：
The present embodiment utilizes Constructional Modal Analysis, and the high-order axial direction Sine Buckling mode for obtaining structure is shaken shape, by bending Bent node of vibration mode opening position sets constraint dividing plate, reduces single Plastic hinge length, increases the number of plastic hinge, and it is average to improve impact Power, so as to which amplitude peak improves the energy absorption capability of structure.Dividing plate quantity is scientifically and rationally determined by the present embodiment, significantly Improve the energy absorption ability of endergonic structure and ensure stable deformation pattern so that the endergonic structure of induction has：Irreversible modeling Property deformation, cushioning effect power is constant, deformation stroke length, stable and repeatability deformation pattern；And speed influences small, guarantor Demonstrate,prove reliability and energy absorption capability of the endergonic structure under different operating load-up condition.
As the liter that prolongs of this embodiment scheme, the thin-walled square tube of the above method can be replaced by quarter bend or Taper Pipe.
On the other hand, the position of inducement structure can be fast and effeciently determined by the present embodiment method, improves design efficiency.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (7)

  1. A kind of 1. Active Control Method for inducing thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing, it is characterised in that including：
    The first step, the structural parameters for obtaining thin-walled square tube to be analyzed；The structural parameters are b, wall thickness t including the length of side, always A length of L；
    Second step, predict according to the structural parameters thin-walled square tube collapse flexing gauffer under Impact Load Number N1And calculate the mean force F that the thin-walled square tube collapses deformationm, effectively moulding hinge half-wave length H and original energy absorption E1；
    3rd step, the FEM model for establishing the thin-walled square tube, finite element modal analysis, selection are carried out to the thin-walled square tube The gauffer number that axial order bending vibation mode picture is shown is more than N1Higher-order Sine buckling mode；Then basis sets up dividing plate quantity N2With It is expected that energy-absorbing E2Between convergence formula determine to set up the quantity of dividing plate；Then the dividing plate set up is separately positioned on selected Higher-order Sine buckling mode bending vibation mode picture corresponding node of vibration mode at；Wherein, it is described to set up dividing plate quantity N2With expected energy-absorbing E2 Between convergence formula be：Wherein, δeFor gauffer compression ratio；
    4th step, to setting up the improved structure after dividing plate, establish square tube impact dynamics simulation calculation mechanical model, emulated Analysis, compare the front and rear energy absorption characteristics of optimization.
  2. 2. the Active Control Method of induction thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the second step Correlation computations formula include：
    Fm/M0=52.22 (b/t)1/3；
    M0=σ0t2/4；
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    <mrow> <mfrac> <mi>H</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.99</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>/</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
    N1=L/ (2H)；
    E1=FmHδeN1；
    Wherein, σyFor yield strength, σuFor ultimate strength, n is intensified index.
  3. 3. the Active Control Method of induction thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to described thin When wall square tube carries out finite element modal analysis, laterally first-order bending vibation mode picture is selected.
  4. 4. the Active Control Method of induction thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that for vibration shape knot The Stiffness Distribution situation that fruit shows, strengthen knot by increasing internal diaphragm plate or external reinforcing muscle constraint in rigidity large area Structure rigidity, the rigidity of structure is weakened by perforate or premade indentation constraint in rigidity weaker area.
  5. 5. the Active Control Method of induction thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the thin-walled The impact end of square tube is provided with half-wave.
  6. 6. the Active Control Method of induction thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that When comparing the approximate two kinds of improved structures of the energy absorption characteristics after setting up dividing plate, further emulate and count in the square tube impact dynamics Calculate in mechanical model and change stroke speed, influenceing small improved structure using speed is used as final endergonic structure.
  7. 7. the Active Control Method of induction thin-wall pipe energy-absorbing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that institute State square tube and be replaced by quarter bend or Taper Pipe.
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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109033705A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-18 南华大学 A kind of space fold thin flexible film strain energy and principal stress finite element method
CN110056592A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-26 同济大学 A kind of anti-collision energy absorption device based on garter spring enhancing and conical pipe fitting
CN110263454A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-20 北京航空航天大学 A kind of thin-walled ball string absorption systems that various dimensions are self-locking
CN110422134A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-11-08 南京依维柯汽车有限公司 A kind of pickup truck baffle plate device and its design method
CN111400939A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-10 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 High-precision forming method for titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell
CN111503204A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-07 中南大学 Multilevel energy absorption pipe
CN112199876A (en) * 2020-10-18 2021-01-08 西北工业大学 Energy absorption structure optimization method with expected force response course as target

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109033705A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-18 南华大学 A kind of space fold thin flexible film strain energy and principal stress finite element method
CN109033705B (en) * 2018-08-24 2022-11-04 南华大学 Finite element analysis method for elastic strain energy and main stress of spatial folded film
CN111400939A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-10 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 High-precision forming method for titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness spherical shell
CN110056592A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-26 同济大学 A kind of anti-collision energy absorption device based on garter spring enhancing and conical pipe fitting
CN110422134A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-11-08 南京依维柯汽车有限公司 A kind of pickup truck baffle plate device and its design method
CN110263454A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-09-20 北京航空航天大学 A kind of thin-walled ball string absorption systems that various dimensions are self-locking
CN111503204A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-08-07 中南大学 Multilevel energy absorption pipe
CN112199876A (en) * 2020-10-18 2021-01-08 西北工业大学 Energy absorption structure optimization method with expected force response course as target
CN112199876B (en) * 2020-10-18 2022-03-15 西北工业大学 Energy absorption structure optimization method with expected force response course as target

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