CN111398568A - Solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material for coal seam mining and use method thereof - Google Patents
Solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material for coal seam mining and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
The invention provides a solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material for coal seam mining and a use method thereof, wherein the simulation material comprises the following raw materials: glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil; wherein, the glutinous rice pulp accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and the mass ratio of the quicklime to the glutinous rice pulp is 0.8: 1-1.2: 1; the soil accounts for more than 30% of the total mass; the ultrapure water accounts for 5-15% of the total mass; the vegetable oil accounts for 3-10% of the total mass. The using method comprises the following steps: step one, determining mechanical parameters of a simulation prototype through mechanical testing; step two, determining the mechanical proportion of the model; step three, preparing raw materials; step four, determining the raw material ratio and the breeding age time through an orthogonal experiment; laying a model and developing a physical similarity simulation experiment; carrying out water-retaining coal mining engineering according to the experimental result; the simulation material is simple and easy to implement, and solid-liquid coupling is not isolated any more, so that the simulation material is more accurate; and is similar to rock mass mechanics, and has good water resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, in particular to a solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material for coal seam mining and a using method thereof.
Background
Coal mining produces seepage of water resources, and the seepage of water has great influence on surface ecology and also has great significance on the collection of underground water resources. In order to research the seepage rule of coal mining water resources, the development of a solid-liquid coupling physical simulation experiment is an important method. However, the traditional coal mining solid-liquid coupling analog simulation material has the following problems:
1) the existing physical simulation materials are basically water-insoluble, can be quickly disintegrated when meeting water, and cannot carry out solid-liquid coupling simulation.
2) A small amount of solid-liquid coupling materials are separated, and the materials are isolated by polyethylene plastics, so that the simulation precision is influenced. And the condition that the crack is communicated cannot be simulated.
3) The existing solid-liquid coupling material is simulated soil body, and is not simulated rock body, because the rock body not only requires water resistance, but also can achieve the basically similar mechanical properties, especially the strength and the deformation characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material for coal mining and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material for coal seam mining comprises the following raw materials: glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil; wherein, the glutinous rice pulp accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and the mass ratio of the quicklime to the glutinous rice pulp is 0.8: 1-1.2: 1; the soil accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and is composed of fine sand, silt and clay, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the silt is 1: 0.5-1.5: 0.2 to 2.0; the ultrapure water accounts for 5-15% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material; the vegetable oil accounts for 3-10% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material.
The preparation method of the glutinous rice paste comprises the following steps: mixing glutinous rice flour and water, and decocting at 45-65 ℃ for 3-8 hours to obtain the glutinous rice cake; the mass percentage concentration of the glutinous rice pulp is 5-7%.
The mass of calcium oxide in the quicklime accounts for more than 70%.
The soil is formed by crushing and sieving soil particles with different particle sizes, and an X-ray diffractometer is adopted to measure clay mineral components, wherein montmorillonite and illite smectite mixed layer minerals account for less than 30% of the mass of the clay. Wherein, the soil is subjected to an undisturbed soil collapsible coefficient test before being crushed, collapsible soil is removed, and the soil is made of non-collapsible soil.
The mineralization degree of the ultrapure water is lower than 10 mg/L, and the ultrapure water is prepared by adopting an ultrapure water preparation machine.
The vegetable oil is obtained by high-temperature refining and then is cooled to 20-30 ℃.
The use method of the coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material comprises the following steps:
step one, determining mechanical parameters of a simulation prototype through a mechanical test: drilling is adopted to obtain a rock sample, and mechanical parameters are measured through an indoor rock-soil mechanical experiment and are represented by a full-stress strain curve under a loading path;
step two, determining the mechanical proportion of the model, namely drilling in the step one to obtain the height of a prototype, reducing the height of the prototype by X (X is a reduction multiple) times on the geometric scale of the prototype to obtain the geometric dimension of the model, wherein the height of the reduced model is in the range of 1.3-1.6 m, the volume-weight similarity ratio Y is 0.5-1, and according to the mechanical similarity criterion, the mechanical strength, the elastic modulus and the bonding force similarity ratio are all Z (X × Y), namely when the strain of the model material is the same as that of the prototype material (rock-soil body), the stress ratio borne by the model material is the prototype stress, and the model stress is Z (Z: 1);
step three, preparing raw materials: weighing raw materials required by the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material according to a ratio, wherein the raw materials comprise glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil;
step four, determining the raw material ratio and the breeding age time through an orthogonal experiment: designing the proportion of 5-20 groups of raw materials, manufacturing a test soil sample, and measuring the full stress strain curve of the material soil sample under the loading path at different proportions and different growth periods; determining a similar proportioning scheme and a breeding age time t days (t is the days of the breeding age time) by combining the requirement that the mechanical parameters of the two pairs of physical similar simulation materials in the step are reduced by Z times;
laying a model and developing a physical similarity simulation experiment: according to the proportioning scheme of each layer determined in the step four, laying a model in a layering manner, and compacting to ensure that the specific gravity of each layer is 1: y is similar; after the model is paved for t days (wherein t is the number of days for paving the model), immediately carrying out a physical similarity simulation experiment, and recording the seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the water body related to the surface ecology in the physical similarity model in the process of mining the designed coal seam height;
and step six, developing water-retention coal mining engineering according to the experimental result: judging whether coal mining influences the ecological environment or not according to the seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the superficial water body in the physical similar model; when the ecological water level is still within the ecological proper water level range after being changed, no influence is caused, otherwise, the influence is caused; here, the ecological niche is obtained by ecological investigation; if the influence is caused, the coal mining height is gradually reduced by 0.1-0.5 m, and the fifth step is repeated until the influence of the ecological diving of the coal mining is in the ecological suitable water level; and the mining engineering is designed and implemented on site according to the coal mining height determined by the physical similarity simulation experiment, so that the ecological environment is protected while the coal is mined to the maximum extent.
The existing solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material adopts a scheme of solid-liquid separation simulation, which is mainly limited by that the solid-phase simulation material can be disintegrated when encountering water, the material of the invention selects glutinous rice pulp and quicklime as cementing agents, the glutinous rice pulp has certain cementation property on one hand and is cemented in a water-resistant biological polysaccharide form, and on the other hand, the glutinous rice pulp becomes retarder when too much glutinous rice pulp is used, the quicklime has certain cementation property on the one hand and can mutually promote cementation with the glutinous rice pulp on the other hand, mining the solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material by a coal bed requires certain strength on the one hand and water resistance on the other hand, therefore, the higher the strength is better, the uniaxial compression strength can reach 1 to 50 minutes of the actual model under the proportion required by the technology, the addition of different grades of soil and vegetable oil is used for further expanding the simulatable range and deformation characteristics, and the requirements on the original state of minerals and soil moisture of the soil in the soil are used for ensuring the water stability of the analog material, and the mineralization of the minerals in water can be obviously influenced by reducing the mechanical property of the glutinous rice pulp and the water quality of L mg.
The invention discloses a use method of a solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material for coal mining, and mainly aims to simulate the deformation and damage process of an overlying rock soil body in the coal mining process. Therefore, it is desirable to satisfy the full stress-strain curves under the loading path to be similar. The full stress strain curve of the simulation material under the loading path is determined through sampling test and similar criteria (elasticity mechanics). Since the stress-strain curve is greatly influenced by the proportion and the incubation time, the test is carried out by adopting an orthogonal experiment. The strength is increased and then decreased along with the addition of the glutinous rice pulp. The particles in the soil are more strained under the same stress with the addition of the clay. In addition, the strength tends to decrease as a whole when water is added in a large amount. The addition of oil also affects the strength and elastic modulus. In the early stage of coagulation, the overall strength and the elastic modulus of the soil sample are obviously improved along with the increase of the breeding age time. Therefore, materials with similar stress-strain curves can be found by adjusting different mixture ratios and growth time.
In the coal mining process, from the theory of the key layer, the deformation of the overlying rock-soil body determines the rotation space of the key layer, and further determines the range of stress influence, and whether the material is damaged is the comparison between the strength and the stress. Therefore, the stress-strain similarity is met, and the fracture field of coal mining can be simulated. The fracture field is a main channel of water seepage in the coal mining process, so that the influence of coal mining on water resources can be accurately simulated. When the influence degree is large enough to degrade the ecological large area (outside the range of suitable water level), further height limitation and mining are needed. And a suitable water-retention coal mining method can be found through simulating the coal mining height.
The solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material for coal mining is simple and easy to implement, and the solid-liquid coupling is not isolated any more and is more accurate; and is similar to rock mass mechanics, good in water resistance, easy to obtain raw materials and simple in manufacturing method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the coal mining solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material for coal seam mining, which comprises the following raw materials: glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil; wherein, the glutinous rice pulp accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and the mass ratio of the quicklime to the glutinous rice pulp is 0.8: 1-1.2: 1; the soil accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and is composed of fine sand, silt and clay, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the silt is 1: 0.5-1.5: 0.2 to 2.0; the ultrapure water accounts for 5-15% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material; the vegetable oil accounts for 3-10% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material.
The preparation method of the glutinous rice paste comprises the following steps: mixing glutinous rice flour and water, and decocting at 45-65 ℃ for 3-8 hours to obtain the glutinous rice cake; the mass percentage concentration of the glutinous rice pulp is 5-7%.
The calcium oxide in the quicklime accounts for more than 70 percent by mass.
The soil is composed of soil grains with different particle sizes after being crushed and sieved, and the clay mineral components are measured by adopting an X-ray diffractometer, wherein the montmorillonite and illite smectite mixed layer mineral accounts for less than 30% of the mass of the clay. Wherein, the soil is subjected to an undisturbed soil collapsible coefficient test before being crushed, collapsible soil is removed, and the soil is made of non-collapsible soil.
The mineralization degree of the ultrapure water is lower than 10 mg/L, the ultrapure water is prepared by adopting an ultrapure water preparation machine, and the vegetable oil is obtained by high-temperature milling and then is cooled to 20-30 ℃.
The use method of the coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material comprises the following steps:
step one, determining mechanical parameters of a simulation prototype through a mechanical test: a rock sample is obtained by drilling, and mechanical parameters are measured through an indoor rock-soil mechanical experiment and are represented by a full-stress strain curve under a loading path.
And step two, determining the mechanical proportion of the model, namely drilling in the step one to obtain the height of the prototype, reducing the height of the prototype by X (X is a reduction multiple) times on the geometric scale of the prototype to obtain the geometric dimension of the model, wherein the reduced height of the model is in the range of 1.3-1.6 m, the volume-weight similarity ratio Y is 0.5-1, and according to the mechanical similarity criterion, the mechanical strength, the elastic modulus and the bonding force similarity ratio are all Z-X × Y, namely when the strain of the model material is the same as that of the prototype material (rock-soil body), the stress ratio borne by the model material is the prototype stress and the model stress is Z-1.
Step three, preparing raw materials: weighing raw materials required by the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material according to a ratio, wherein the raw materials comprise glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil.
Step four, determining the raw material ratio and the breeding age time through an orthogonal experiment: designing the proportion of 5-20 groups of raw materials, manufacturing a test soil sample, and measuring the full stress strain curve of the material soil sample under the loading path at different proportions and different growth periods; and (3) determining a similar proportioning scheme and the breeding age time t days (t is the days of the breeding age time) by combining the requirement that the mechanical parameters of the two pairs of physical similar simulation materials in the step (Z) are reduced by Z times.
Laying a model and developing a physical similarity simulation experiment: according to the proportioning scheme of each layer determined in the step four, laying a model in a layering manner, and compacting to ensure that the specific gravity of each layer is 1: y is similar; and (3) after the model is paved for t days (wherein t is the number of days for paving the model; the number of the water seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the water body related to the surface ecology in the.
And step six, developing water-retention coal mining engineering according to the experimental result: judging whether coal mining influences the ecological environment or not according to the seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the superficial water body in the physical similar model; when the ecological water level is still within the ecological proper water level range after being changed, no influence is caused, otherwise, the influence is caused; here, the ecological niche is obtained by ecological investigation; if the influence is caused, the coal mining height is gradually reduced by 0.1-0.5 m, and the fifth step is repeated until the influence of the ecological diving of the coal mining is in the ecological suitable water level; and the mining engineering is designed and implemented on site according to the coal mining height determined by the physical similarity simulation experiment, so that the ecological environment is protected while the coal is mined to the maximum extent.
Example (b):
no. 5 coal is mined from a certain coal mine in northern Shaanxi, the No. 5 coal is covered with bedrock, a Salazsu loose aquifer is directly arranged on the bedrock, and the aquifer directly bears earth surface vegetation. In order to achieve the purpose of water retention coal mining, the physical similarity simulation is carried out by adopting a coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling similarity simulation material before coal seam mining as follows:
the solid-liquid coupling analog materials used were as follows: the material is composed of glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil.
Wherein, the glutinous rice pulp accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and the mass ratio of the quicklime to the glutinous rice pulp is 0.8: 1-1.2: 1; the soil accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and is composed of fine sand, silt and clay, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the silt is 1: 0.5-1.5: 0.2 to 2.0; the ultrapure water accounts for 5-15% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material; the vegetable oil accounts for 3-10% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material.
The preparation method of the glutinous rice paste comprises the following steps: mixing glutinous rice flour and water, and decocting at 45-65 ℃ for 3-8 hours to obtain the glutinous rice cake; the mass percentage concentration of the glutinous rice pulp is 5-7%.
The calcium oxide in the quicklime accounts for more than 70 percent by mass.
The soil is composed of soil grains with different particle sizes after being crushed and sieved, and the clay mineral components are measured by adopting an X-ray diffractometer, wherein the montmorillonite and illite smectite mixed layer mineral accounts for less than 30% of the mass of the clay. Wherein, the soil is subjected to an undisturbed soil collapsible coefficient test before being crushed, collapsible soil is removed, and the soil is made of non-collapsible soil.
The mineralization degree of the ultrapure water is lower than 10 mg/L, the ultrapure water is prepared by adopting an ultrapure water preparation machine, and the vegetable oil is obtained by high-temperature milling and then is cooled to 20-30 ℃.
The solid-liquid coupling physical similar material is applied to a physical simulation experiment, and the steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and determining the mechanical parameters of the simulation prototype through mechanical testing. A rock sample is obtained by drilling, mechanical parameters are measured through an indoor rock-soil mechanical experiment, the mechanical parameters are represented by a full-stress strain curve under a loading path, and unconfined ultimate compressive strengths of the mechanical parameters comprise mud rock 10MPa, siltstone 15MPa and sandstone 30 MPa.
And step two, determining the mechanical proportion of the model, drilling in the step one to obtain the height of the model, reducing the geometric scale of the model by X to 100 times to obtain the geometric dimension of the model, wherein the reduced height of the model is 1.5 m, the volume-weight similarity ratio Y to 1, and according to the mechanical similarity criterion, the mechanical strength, the elastic modulus and the bonding force similarity ratio are Z to X × Y to 100, namely, when the strain of the model material is the same as that of the prototype material (rock-soil body), the stress ratio is the prototype stress, namely, the model stress is 100: 1, namely, the uniaxial compressive strength of the mudstone similar material is 0.1MPa, the siltstone is 0.15MPa, and the sandstone is 0.3 MPa.
Step three: preparing raw materials: weighing raw materials required by the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material according to a ratio, wherein the raw materials comprise glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil.
Step four: the orthogonal experiment determines the raw material proportion and the breeding age time. The proportion of 20 groups of raw materials is designed, test soil samples are manufactured, and the full stress strain curve of the material soil samples with different proportions and different growth time under the loading path is measured. And (3) determining a similar proportioning scheme and the breeding age time for 3 days by combining the requirement that the mechanical parameters of the two pairs of physical similar simulation materials in the step are reduced by 100 times.
The finally determined proportioning materials are as follows:
the mudstone similar simulation material is prepared by decocting glutinous rice flour at 45 ℃ for 3 hours, wherein the glutinous rice flour accounts for 20% of the total mass of the simulation material, the mass percentage concentration of the glutinous rice flour is 5%, the mass ratio of quicklime to the glutinous rice flour is 0.8: 1, soil accounts for 40% of the total mass of the simulation material, the mudstone similar simulation material is composed of fine sand, silt and clay, the mass ratio of the fine sand to the silt is 1: 0.5: 2.0, montmorillonite and illite mixed layer minerals in the clay account for 20% of the mass of the clay, and the mudstone similar simulation material is prepared from non-collapsible soil, the mineralization degree in ultrapure water is 1 mg/L, the mineralization degree in the ultrapure water accounts for 15% of the total mass of the simulation material, and vegetable oil accounts for 9.
The siltstone analog simulation material is characterized in that sticky rice pulp is formed by decocting sticky rice powder for 5 hours at the temperature of 55 ℃ and accounts for 30% of the total mass of the simulation material, the mass percentage concentration of the sticky rice pulp is 6%, the mass ratio of quicklime to the sticky rice pulp is 1: 1, soil accounts for 31% of the total mass of the simulation material, the siltstone analog simulation material is composed of fine sand, siltstone and clay, the mass ratio of the fine sand to the siltstone analog simulation material is 1: 1.5: 1, montmorillonite and illite mixed layer minerals in the clay account for 20% of the mass of the clay, the siltstone analog simulation material is made of non-collapsible soil, the mineralization degree in ultrapure water is 1 mg/L, the plant oil accounts for 5% of the total mass.
The sandstone-like simulation material is characterized in that glutinous rice pulp is prepared by decocting glutinous rice flour for 8 hours at 65 ℃ and accounts for 10% of the total mass of the simulation material, the mass percentage concentration of the glutinous rice pulp is 5%, the mass ratio of quicklime to the glutinous rice pulp is 1.2: 1, soil accounts for 60% of the total mass of the simulation material, the sandstone and clay comprise fine sand, silt and clay in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.2, montmorillonite and illite mixed layer minerals in the clay account for 20% of the mass of the clay, and the sandstone-like simulation material is prepared from non-collapsible soil, the mineralization degree in ultrapure water is 1 mg/L, the mineralization degree in the ultrapure water accounts for 15% of the total mass of the simulation material, and vegetable oil accounts for 3% of the total mass of.
Step five: laying a model and carrying out a physical similarity simulation experiment. According to the proportioning scheme of each layer determined in the step four, laying a model in a layering manner, and compacting to ensure that the specific gravity of each layer is 1: 1 are similar. And (3) immediately carrying out a physical similarity simulation experiment after the model is laid for 3 days, and recording the seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the water body related to the superficial ecology in the physical similarity model in the process of mining the designed coal seam with the height of 5 m.
Step six: and carrying out water-retention coal mining engineering according to the experimental result. And judging whether the coal mining influences the ecological environment or not according to the seepage flow and the ecological water level variable quantity of the superficial water body in the physical similar model. When the coal mining height is 5m, the ecological water level is not in the ecological proper water level range (the buried depth is 1.5-4.5 m) after being changed. And repeating the fifth step, changing the designed coal mining height by the range of 0.1-0.5 m, and when the coal mining height is 4 m, keeping the ecological water level (buried depth of 4.4 m after coal mining) within the ecological suitable water level range after the ecological water level changes. The engineering site is designed and carries out mining engineering according to the coal mining height of 4 meters determined by a physical simulation experiment, and the ecological environment is protected while coal is mined to the maximum extent.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material for coal seam mining is characterized in that the raw materials of the solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material comprise: glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil; wherein, the glutinous rice pulp accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and the mass ratio of the quicklime to the glutinous rice pulp is 0.8: 1-1.2: 1; the soil accounts for more than 30% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material, and is composed of fine sand, silt and clay, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the silt is 1: 0.5-1.5: 0.2 to 2.0; the ultrapure water accounts for 5-15% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material; the vegetable oil accounts for 3-10% of the total mass of the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material.
2. The coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the glutinous rice slurry comprises the following steps: mixing glutinous rice flour and water, and decocting at 45-65 ℃ for 3-8 hours to obtain the glutinous rice cake; the mass percentage concentration of the glutinous rice pulp is 5-7%.
3. The coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material of claim 1, wherein the mass of calcium oxide in the quicklime accounts for more than 70%.
4. The coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material according to claim 1, wherein the smectite and illite mixed layer minerals in the clay account for less than 30% of the mass of the clay and are made of non-collapsible soil. The soil is formed by crushing and sieving soil particles with different particle sizes, and an X-ray diffractometer is adopted to measure clay mineral components, wherein montmorillonite and illite smectite mixed layer minerals account for less than 30% of the mass of the clay; wherein, the soil is subjected to an undisturbed soil collapsibility coefficient test before being crushed, and the collapsibility soil is removed.
5. The coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical similarity simulation material according to claim 1, wherein the degree of mineralization in the ultrapure water is lower than 10 mg/L, and the ultrapure water is prepared by an ultrapure water preparation machine.
6. The coal seam mining solid-liquid coupling physical analog simulation material of claim 1, wherein the vegetable oil is the vegetable oil which is extracted at a high temperature and then cooled to 20-30 ℃.
7. Use of the solid-liquid coupled physical analog simulation material for coal mining according to any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step one, determining mechanical parameters of a simulation prototype through a mechanical test: drilling is adopted to obtain a rock sample, and mechanical parameters are measured through an indoor rock-soil mechanical experiment and are represented by a full-stress strain curve under a loading path;
step two, determining the mechanical proportion of the model, namely drilling in the step one to obtain the height of the prototype, reducing the geometric scale of the prototype by X times to obtain the geometric dimension of the model, wherein the height of the reduced model is in the range of 1.3-1.6 m, the volume-weight similarity ratio Y is 0.5-1, and according to the mechanical similarity criterion, the mechanical strength, the elastic modulus and the bonding force similarity ratio are Z-X × Y, namely the stress ratio of the prototype stress to the model stress is Z-1 when the strain of the model material is the same as that of the prototype material;
step three, preparing raw materials: weighing raw materials required by the solid-liquid coupling physical similar material according to a ratio, wherein the raw materials comprise glutinous rice pulp, quicklime, soil, ultrapure water and vegetable oil;
step four, determining the raw material ratio and the breeding age time through an orthogonal experiment: designing the proportion of 5-20 groups of raw materials, manufacturing a test soil sample, and measuring the full stress strain curve of the material soil sample under the loading path at different proportions and different growth periods; determining a similar proportioning scheme and a breeding age time t days by combining the requirement that the mechanical parameters of the two pairs of physical similar simulation materials are reduced by Z times in the step;
laying a model and developing a physical similarity simulation experiment: according to the proportioning scheme of each layer determined in the step four, laying a model in a layering manner, and compacting to ensure that the specific gravity of each layer is 1: y is similar; after the model is paved for t days, immediately carrying out a physical similarity simulation experiment, and recording the seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the shallow ecological related water body in the physical similarity model in the process of exploiting the designed coal seam height;
and step six, developing water-retention coal mining engineering according to the experimental result: judging whether coal mining influences the ecological environment or not according to the seepage flow and the ecological water level variation of the superficial water body in the physical similar model; when the ecological water level is still within the ecological proper water level range after being changed, no influence is caused, otherwise, the influence is caused; here, the ecological niche is obtained by ecological investigation; if the influence is caused, the coal mining height is gradually reduced by 0.1-0.5 m, and the fifth step is repeated until the influence of the ecological diving of the coal mining is in the ecological suitable water level; and the mining engineering is designed and implemented on site according to the coal mining height determined by the physical similarity simulation experiment, so that the ecological environment is protected while the coal is mined to the maximum extent.
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| CN112697572A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 浙江华东工程咨询有限公司 | Indoor test method suitable for argillaceous siltstone crushing |
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| CN116082015A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-05-09 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Porosity regulation and control of similar coal material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112697572A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 浙江华东工程咨询有限公司 | Indoor test method suitable for argillaceous siltstone crushing |
| CN112697572B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-08-29 | 浙江华东工程咨询有限公司 | Indoor test method suitable for crushing argillaceous siltstone |
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