CN111398521A - Sewage treatment external carbon source screening device and application method thereof - Google Patents

Sewage treatment external carbon source screening device and application method thereof Download PDF

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CN111398521A
CN111398521A CN202010178158.3A CN202010178158A CN111398521A CN 111398521 A CN111398521 A CN 111398521A CN 202010178158 A CN202010178158 A CN 202010178158A CN 111398521 A CN111398521 A CN 111398521A
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carbon source
external carbon
cost
denitrification
points
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汪力
王启镔
高放
史彦伟
薛晓飞
魏彬
曹天宇
张平
曹之淇
张建星
王志强
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Beijing Enterprises Water China Investment Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a sewage treatment external carbon source screening device and a using method thereof, which are provided with a triangular flask, a bottle stopper, an injector with a long needle head, a hose, a hard tube, a magnetic rotor, a magnetic stirrer and a beaker; the bottle mouth of the triangular bottle is provided with a bottle stopper; the bottle stopper is provided with a needle head hole for the long needle head of the injector to penetrate through and a hard tube mounting hole for the hard tube to penetrate through; the injector is arranged on the needle hole; the hard tube penetrates through the mounting hole, the upper end of the hard tube is connected with the hose, and the lower end of the hard tube is positioned in the triangular flask; one end of the hose is arranged at the upper end of the hard tube, and the other end of the hose is inserted into the purified water in the beaker; the magnetic rotor is arranged at the bottom of the triangular flask; the triangular flask is arranged on a magnetic stirrer. The invention is suitable for screening the external carbon source for sewage treatment, and has the advantages of reasonable structural design and convenient operation. The method for evaluating the performance of the external carbon source based on the test data is established, the external carbon source with high cost performance can be efficiently selected, the use requirement of a sewage treatment plant is met, and the cost of the external carbon source is saved.

Description

Sewage treatment external carbon source screening device and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a sewage treatment external carbon source screening device and a using method thereof.
Background
With the increasing requirements of people on the environmental quality, the requirements of local governments on emission standards are correspondingly increased, and more target-drawing items are provided. For a plurality of sewage treatment plants with low ratios of influent organic matter to total nitrogen TN, adding an external carbon source becomes a key measure for stably reaching the standard of effluent total nitrogen, and if a high-quality carbon source is not scientifically selected, the cost of the carbon source is high, and certain pressure is often brought to the running cost of the sewage treatment plant. A plurality of carbon sources, including a plurality of composite carbon sources, exist in the society, how to scientifically and reasonably select the carbon source with higher cost performance is important for reducing the cost of the carbon source and improving the TN treatment effect of a sewage treatment project. The invention is provided based on the research background, and aims to provide an external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment and a use method thereof so as to realize scientific and reasonable selection of a carbon source with higher cost performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment and a use method thereof, which have the advantages of reasonable structural design and convenience in operation and use. An external carbon source evaluation system is established on the basis of data of screening tests, so that a carbon source with high cost performance can be selected quickly and efficiently, the use requirement of a sewage treatment plant is met, and the cost of the external carbon source is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a sewage treatment outer carbon source sieving mechanism which characterized in that: is provided with a triangular flask, a bottle stopper, an injector with a long needle head, a hose, a hard tube, a magnetic rotor, a magnetic stirrer and a beaker; a bottle stopper is arranged at the bottle mouth of the triangular bottle; the outer carbon source and sludge water at the tail end of the anoxic tank, namely mixed liquid consisting of bottom sludge and nitrate, are contained in a triangular flask; the bottle stopper is provided with a needle head hole for the long needle head of the injector to penetrate through and a mounting hole for the hard tube to penetrate through; the syringe with the long needle head is arranged on the needle head hole; the hard tube penetrates through the mounting hole, the upper end of the hard tube is connected with the hose, and the lower section of the hard tube is positioned in the triangular flask; one end of the hose is arranged at the upper end of the hard pipe; the other end of the hose is inserted into the purified water in the beaker; purified water with a preset height is contained in the beaker; the magnetic rotor is arranged at the bottom of the triangular flask; the triangular flask is arranged on the magnetic stirrer, and the magnetic rotor and the magnetic stirrer are matched with each other to stir the mixed liquid in the triangular flask.
The invention relates to a further implementation and perfection optimization scheme of an external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment, which comprises the following steps:
the volume of the triangular flask is 0.5L-5L, and the lower end of the hard tube is 2-4cm higher than the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the triangular flask.
The length of long syringe needle is 15-30cm, the lower extreme of long syringe needle inserts below the liquid level of mixed liquid, the upper end and the syringe main part end opening of long syringe needle are connected, make things convenient for long syringe needle not take out just can realize getting the reaction liquid in the triangular flask many times.
A needle head sealing ring matched with the shape of the needle head hole is also arranged on the needle head of the long needle head; and the hard tube is also provided with a hard tube sealing ring which is matched with the hard tube mounting hole in shape.
The needle head sealing ring and the hose sealing ring are both cone frustum type sealing rings with isosceles trapezoid longitudinal sections; an annular reinforcing ring is embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the frustum-shaped sealing ring; the annular reinforcing ring is an elastic steel ring, the outer wall of the sealing pattern is tightly and hermetically combined with the bottle cap, and the inner wall of the sealing pattern is tightly and hermetically combined with the long needle head and the hard tube respectively.
The application method of the external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps, wherein detection methods which do not express specific steps in the following steps are all known methods, and are not described again:
1) preparation of test materials:
a) the sludge water at the tail end of the anoxic pond is taken as the bottom sludge, and the concentration M L SS, the chemical oxygen demand COD and the total nitrogen TN of the mixed suspended solid of the bottom sludge are measured and are counted as DTN0Nitrate nitrogen
Figure BDA0002411528620000023
In terms of DNitre 0Placing the bottom mud in a shade place at 10-25 ℃ for later use;
b) preparing a potassium nitrate standard solution, wherein the concentration of the potassium nitrate standard solution is 1-2 g/L, and reserving the potassium nitrate standard solution for later use;
c) preparing an external carbon source solution, namely taking solid external carbon source powder or solution external carbon source, wherein the powder needs to be dissolved in purified water, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is taken as a representation index, the COD of the external carbon source on the market is generally 20-100 g/L, and the external carbon source is diluted to the COD concentration of 10-20 g/L according to the COD index of an external carbon source product and is reserved for use in the step 2);
d) when monitoring nitrate nitrogen of bottom mud
Figure BDA0002411528620000022
When the concentration is lower than 20 mg/L, the potassium nitrate standard solution is supplemented into the bottom mud until the nitrate is obtained
Figure BDA0002411528620000021
The concentration F reaches 20-40 mg/L, and the concentration value of TN in the sediment is DBefore TN＝DTN0-DNitre 0+F；
2) The specific experimental steps are as follows:
a) taking 2-10L of the sediment prepared in the previous step, and taking the volume of the selected triangular flask as a reference, wherein the volume of the sediment is the sum of the volume of the triangular flask multiplied by the number of the carbon source types to be detected and added by 1;
b) feeding: taking a triangular flask, and uniformly adding the uniformly shaken bottom mud liquid level in the step a) to the position with the maximum scale from the triangular flask; respectively adding the prepared external carbon source solution into a triangular flask, wherein the concentration of the external carbon source solution in the bottom sludge is nitrate NO in the bottom sludge- 34-6 times of the N concentration F, and calculating the amount of the external carbon source to be added and the volume V of the external carbon source to be added according to the volume of the bottom mud in the triangular flaskExternal carbon source(ii) a And recording the V of the added external carbon sourceExternal carbon sourceTo make a calculation of the cost; the three substances constitute experimental mixed liquid, and the volume of the mixed liquid is V, and V is the maximum scale value of the triangular flask + VExternal carbon source；
c) Reserving a comparison triangular flask, adding the same amount of bottom mud and potassium nitrate standard solution according to the step b), not adding an external carbon source, but adding distilled water with the same amount of the external carbon source added in other triangular flasks as a blank control;
d) placing the triangular flask on a tray of a magnetic stirrer, placing a magnetic rotor, adjusting the rotating speed of the magnetic rotor to be 300-500rpm, and adjusting the rotating speed to enable stirring to generate small vortex without gas inhalation so as to prevent oxygen from entering; one of two holes of the triangular bottle mouth and the bottle plug is inserted into a position 4-6cm below the water surface by a long needle head of 15-30cm, the lower end of the hard tube is positioned 2-4cm above the liquid level in the triangular bottle, and the other end of the soft tube is immersed into a beaker containing distilled water for discharging nitrogen;
e) stirring and sampling, wherein sampling is carried out once every 0.25-1 hour, sampling can be carried out for 1-6 times, the total reaction time is H, after each reaction time is finished and before sampling is carried out, standing and settling is carried out for 5-10min, supernatant is taken for 10-15m L each time, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and the Total Nitrogen (TN) of the reacted supernatant are respectively measured after filtering is carried out by using a 0.45-micron filter membrane, the long needle head is fixed during each sampling, the injector is replaced after the sampling is finished, and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value of the supernatant sampled at the last time is set as EFFCODThe total nitrogen TN value is set to EFFTN；
f) The steps are carried out once for each external carbon source to be detected in sequence, and the result is recorded; the control triangular flask is also operated once, and the result is recorded;
g) establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating the COST COST of denitrification according to the COST of removing one unit of total nitrogen, wherein the COST COST of denitrification is lower than the COST of denitrification, and the better external carbon source is obtained;
the total nitrogen TN value of the mixed liquid in the blank triangular flask after the reaction is calculated as EFFTN blankM represents the total nitrogen removal amount after the completion of the reactionBlank space，MBlank space＝(TNFront side-EFFTN blank)*V；
The cost of adding the external carbon source into the triangular flask is set as D, and the total nitrogen TN value after the reaction is calculated as EFFTNThe removal amount of total nitrogen TN in the flask containing the external carbon source solution was set to MS，MS＝(TNFront side-EFFTN)*V；
The actual total nitrogen removal amount △ TN of the external carbon source solution is MS-MBlank spaceThe contribution of the bottom sludge to the total nitrogen removal is considered, and the contribution of an external carbon source to the total nitrogen removal can be judged scientifically;
the unit COST of denitrogenation COST is D/△ TN.
The invention relates to an optimized scheme for further perfecting and implementing a using method of a sewage treatment external carbon source screening device, which comprises the following steps:
establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating the COST COST of unit denitrification and the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification as Q, respectively calculating weight scores, and adding the weight scores to obtain a better external carbon source with higher comprehensive score;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
and adding the two weight indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
Further perfecting and optimizing the scheme: establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating a unit denitrification COST COST, calculating the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification, calculating a denitrification rate DNR, and respectively calculating a weight score, wherein the weight score is added, and the part with higher comprehensive score is the better external carbon source;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
c) the denitrification rate DNR is △ TN/mixed suspended solids concentration M L SS/reaction time, the reaction time is H for the total reaction time, and the weight index is qDNR，qDNRThe highest weight number is 8 points, and the lowest weight number is 5 points;
sorting the denitrification rates DNR of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the smallest denitrification rate DNR as T, the weight value of T as 5 points, setting the largest DNR as W, and the weight value of W as 8 points, and calculating the weight values of the denitrification rates DNR of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qDNR＝8-(W-DNR)*(8-5)/(W-T)
and adding the three weight indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
And further optimizing the scheme: establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating a unit denitrification COST COST, calculating the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification, calculating a denitrification rate DNR, detecting the COD value in water after reaction and detecting the total nitrogen TN value index in water after reaction, respectively calculating weight values, and adding the five values to obtain a better external carbon source with higher comprehensive score;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
c) the denitrification rate DNR is △ TN/mixed suspended solids concentration M L SS/reaction time H, the index weight qDNRThe highest can be 8 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the denitrification rates DNR of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the smallest denitrification rate DNR as T, the weight value of T as 5 points, setting the largest DNR as W, and the weight value of W as 8 points, and calculating the weight values of the denitrification rates DNR of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qDNR＝8-(W-DNR)*(8-5)/(W-T)
d) the chemical oxygen demand COD value EFF of the water after the reaction of the external carbon source participating in the judgmentCODThe highest of the weights is 5 points, the smallest of the weights is 2 points, the smallest of the COD values of the chemical oxygen demand in the water after the reaction is sequenced from small to large is counted as U, the weight value of U is counted as 5 points, the largest is counted as J, the weight value of J is counted as 2 points, and the weight values of the COD values of the chemical oxygen demand in the water after the reaction of the rest of external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
qEFFCOD＝5-(EFFCOD-U)*(5-2)/(J-U)
e) the total nitrogen TN value EFF in the water after the reaction of the external carbon source participating in the judgmentTNThe highest of the weights is 5 points, the smallest of the weights is 2 points, the smallest of the total nitrogen TN values in water after reaction is ranked from small to large is X, the weight value of X is 5 points, the largest of the total nitrogen TN values is Y, the weight value of Y is 2 points, and the weight values of the total nitrogen TN values in water after reaction of the rest of external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
qEFFTN＝5-(EFFTN-X)*(5-2)/(Y-X)
and adding the weights of the five indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
Another embodiment that is easy to implement: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps, and the detection and inspection methods used in the claims are commonly known in the industry and are not described in detail:
1) preparation of test materials:
a) the method comprises the following steps of taking sludge water at the tail end of a sewage treatment anoxic tank which normally runs as bottom sludge, measuring the content of mixed suspended volatile solids and denitrifying bacteria in the bottom sludge, adjusting the pH value and the temperature to a normal value of the anoxic tank for normal denitrification reaction, wherein the adjustment range is as follows: amount of volatile solids mixed and suspended: 50% -70%, content of denitrifying bacteria: 5% -25%, pH value: 6-8, temperature: 15-30 ℃;
b) measuring the nitrate concentration in the bottom sludge, and when the nitrate content of the bottom sludge is lower than 20 mg/L, adding a potassium nitrate solution to enable the nitrate content F of the bottom sludge to reach 20-40 mg/L for later use;
c) preparing an external carbon source solution, namely taking solid external carbon source powder with the fineness of 200-300 meshes or an external carbon source solution, adding purified water into the powder for dissolving, wherein the concentration reaches 20-40 g/L, and adding purified water into the stock solution of the external carbon source solution for diluting, wherein the concentration reaches 10-20 g/L;
d) preparing a comparison triangular flask and an auxiliary device with the same specification;
2) the specific screening experiment steps are as follows:
a) taking 3 liters of bottom mud, and respectively injecting the bottom mud into a triangular flask, wherein the liquid level is equal to the triangular flask and the highest scale mark; taking the external carbon source prepared in the step 1) to dissolveThe concentration of the solution of the external carbon source in the bottom sediment is nitrate NO in the bottom sediment- 34-6 times of the N concentration F, and calculating the amount of the external carbon source to be added and the volume V of the external carbon source to be added according to the volume of the bottom mud in the triangular flaskExternal carbon source(ii) a And recording the V of the added external carbon sourceExternal carbon sourceTo make a calculation of the cost; the three substances constitute experimental mixed liquid, and the volume of the mixed liquid is V, and V is the maximum scale value of the triangular flask + VExternal carbon source；
b) Placing the triangular flask on a tray of a magnetic stirrer, placing a magnetic rotor, adjusting the rotating speed of the magnetic rotor to be 300-500rpm, and adjusting the rotating speed to enable stirring to generate small vortex without gas inhalation so as to prevent oxygen from entering; a long needle head of the injector on the plug of the triangular flask is inserted 4-6cm below the liquid level in the triangular flask, the lower end of the hard tube is kept 2-4cm above the liquid level in the triangular flask, and the other end of the soft tube is immersed in a beaker containing distilled water for discharging nitrogen;
c) stirring and sampling, namely sampling once every 0.25-1 hour, sampling for 1-6 times, wherein the total reaction time is 2-4 hours, the reaction time is finished every time, standing and settling the mixed solution in a triangular flask for 5-10min, then taking supernatant liquid 10-15m L, keeping a long needle head still during sampling every time, and replacing an injector after sampling is finished;
d) calculating the denitrification effect of the tested external carbon source: calculating the denitrification rate of the external carbon source according to the measured concentration of the nitrate of the bottom mud after the reaction each time, and recording; the detection of the nitrate concentration and the calculation method of the denitrification rate are conventional known methods;
e) in the method, the steps a) to d) are respectively carried out once on the external carbon source to be tested, and the results are respectively recorded; performing primary detection by using a control triangular flask which is not added with an external carbon source solution and is added with distilled water with the same amount and an auxiliary device, and recording the result;
f) calculating the actual denitrification efficiency of the external carbon source: subtracting the denitrification efficiency of each type of the added carbon source and the denitrification efficiency of the non-added carbon source control triangular flask according to the steps each time, and calculating the actual denitrification efficiency value of the added carbon source;
g) determining the cost performance of an external carbon source: calculating the cost price of the external carbon source according to the amount of the net external carbon source contained in the solution of the additional carbon source obtained in each external carbon source test, wherein the cost is the comprehensive cost including purchase, storage and transportation and processing expenses; calculating the actual denitrification efficiency value of the external carbon source, namely the total cost except the last denitrification rate obtained in the previous step, and calculating the unit denitrification cost of the external carbon source;
h) list of external carbon source cost performance: the cost performance lists of the plurality of external carbon sources are arranged from high cost performance to low cost performance, the high cost performance is the high-quality external carbon source, and the high-quality external carbon source with low cost and high denitrification rate can be screened out;
i) list of denitrification rates: and (3) arranging the denitrification rate detected by taking out the supernatant of each external carbon source according to the taking-out time sequence to form a list, wherein the denitrification rate is increased quickly to obtain the high-quality external carbon source with high denitrification rate, so that the external carbon source with high denitrification rate can be selected, and the ideal external carbon source can be selected by integrating the denitrification rate cost performance and the denitrification rate.
The external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment and the use method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the screening device has reasonable structural design and convenient use, can provide ideal environmental conditions for the denitrification process, can realize multiple water sampling at different reaction times in the experimental process, and ensures that no oxygen enters the triangular flask in the experimental process.
(2) Can realize that the stirring of sieving mechanism in the use is reliable and stable through utilizing magnetic stirrers and magnetic rotor to mutually support to through the relation of connection setting of triangular flask, bottle plug, syringe, hose, hard tube, magnetic rotor, magnetic stirrers and beaker that have long syringe needle, can be fine provide effectual reliable condition for outer carbon source screening.
(3) The method establishes various perfect and alternative external carbon source performance evaluation methods, comprehensively evaluates indexes such as unit denitrification cost, chemical oxygen demand required by unit denitrification, denitrification rate, COD value in water after reaction, TN value in water after reaction and the like, can accurately screen out the external carbon source with high comprehensive performance-price ratio as an ideal external carbon source, and is rapid, scientific and objective in screening and evaluation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottle stopper perforation of the external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes a device for screening an external carbon source for sewage treatment and a method for using the device in accordance with the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Selecting 3 external carbon sources: and (3) carrying out evaluation test on the cost performance of the liquid external carbon source A, the liquid external carbon source B and the liquid external carbon source C:
example 1: an external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment is provided with a transparent organic glass triangular flask 1, a bottle stopper 2, an injector 3 with a long needle head, a hose 4, a hard tube 5, a magnetic rotor 6, a magnetic stirrer 7 and a beaker 8; a bottle stopper is arranged at the bottle mouth of the triangular bottle; the outer carbon source and sludge water at the tail end of the anoxic tank, namely mixed liquid consisting of bottom sludge and nitrate, are contained in a triangular flask; the bottle stopper is provided with a needle head hole for the long needle head of the injector to penetrate through and a mounting hole for the hard tube to penetrate through; the syringe with the long needle head is arranged on the needle head hole; the hard tube penetrates through the mounting hole, the upper end of the hard tube is connected with the hose, and the lower section of the hard tube is positioned in the triangular flask; one end of the hose is arranged at the upper end of the hard pipe; the other end of the hose is inserted into the purified water in the beaker; purified water with a preset height is contained in the beaker; the magnetic rotor is arranged at the bottom of the triangular flask; the triangular flask is arranged on the magnetic stirrer, and the magnetic rotor and the magnetic stirrer are matched with each other to stir the mixed liquid in the triangular flask.
The volume of the triangular flask is 3L, volume scales are engraved on the outer wall of the flask, the lower end of the hard tube is 3cm higher than the liquid level of mixed liquid in the triangular flask, the length of the long needle is 20cm, the lower end of the long needle is inserted below the liquid level of the mixed liquid when in use and descends along with the liquid level when in liquid taking, the upper end of the long needle is connected with the lower opening of the syringe main body, so that the long needle can conveniently take reaction liquid in the triangular flask for multiple times without being taken out, a needle sealing ring matched with the shape of a needle hole is further arranged on the needle of the long needle, a hard tube sealing ring matched with the shape of a hard tube mounting hole is also arranged on the hard tube, the needle sealing ring and the hose sealing ring are conical sealing rings with isosceles trapezoid longitudinal sections, an annular reinforcing ring is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner embedding of the conical sealing ring, the outer wall of the sealing ring is tightly and hermetically combined with the long needle and the hard tube respectively.
The method for using the external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment in the embodiment comprises the following steps, and detection methods which do not express specific steps in the following steps are all known methods, and are not described again:
1) preparation of test materials:
a) the end uniform muddy water of an anoxic pond which is running in a certain sewage treatment plant is taken as bottom mud, and the mixed suspended solid concentration M L SS, the chemical oxygen demand COD and the total nitrogen TN of the bottom mud are measured and are counted as DTN0Nitrate nitrogen NO- 3-N0In terms of DNitre 0Recording data for later use, placing the bottom mud in a shade place at 10-25 deg.C, measuring to obtain a mixture suspended solid concentration M L SS of 4.2 g/L, a chemical oxygen demand COD of 25 mg/L, a total nitrogen TN of 8 mg/L, and nitrate nitrogen NO- 3The concentration of N is 5 mg/L, and the bottom mud is placed in a shade place at the temperature of 22 ℃ for standby;
b) preparing a potassium nitrate standard solution 1L, wherein the concentration of the potassium nitrate standard solution is 1 g/L, and reserving the potassium nitrate standard solution for later use;
c) preparing external carbon source solutions, namely respectively diluting the external carbon source solution A, the external carbon source solution B and the external carbon source C used in the embodiment to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentration of 10 g/L according to COD indexes of products of the external carbon source solution A, the external carbon source solution B and the external carbon source C, respectively preparing 0.5 liter of diluted solutions, recording the amount of the respective used original solutions, calculating the price for later use, and reserving the prepared diluted external carbon source solution for the step 2);
d) when monitoring nitrate nitrogen of bottom mud
Figure BDA0002411528620000092
Concentration DNitre 0When the concentration is lower than 20 mg/L, the bottom mud is supplemented with a potassium nitrate standard solution until the nitrate is obtained
Figure BDA0002411528620000091
The concentration is set to F and reaches 25 mg/L, and the total nitrogen TN value in the sediment is set to DBefore TN，DBefore TN＝DTN0-DNitre 0+F＝8-5+25＝28mg/L；
2) The specific experimental steps are as follows:
a) taking 4L of the sediment prepared in the previous step, wherein the volume of the selected triangular flask is 1L, and the sum of the volume of the sediment, which is the volume of the triangular flask multiplied by the number of carbon source types to be detected, 3 and 1 is 4;
b) feeding, namely uniformly adding the evenly-shaken bottom sludge liquid level in the step a) to a position which is 1L away from the maximum scale of the triangular flask, and respectively adding the prepared external carbon source solution into the triangular flasks, wherein the concentration of the external carbon source solution in the bottom sludge is the concentration of nitrate NO in the bottom sludge - 34 times of the N concentration F, and calculating the amount of the external carbon source diluting solution to be added and the volume V of the external carbon source to be added according to the volume of the bottom mud in the triangular flaskExternal carbon sourceIs composed of10L(ii) a And recording the V of the added external carbon sourceExternal carbon sourceTo make a calculation of the cost; the three substances constitute experimental mixed liquid, and the volume of the mixed liquid is V, and V is the maximum scale value of the triangular flask + VExternal carbon source；
c) Reserving a comparison triangular flask, adding the same amount of bottom mud and potassium nitrate standard solution according to the step b), not adding an external carbon source, but adding distilled water with the same amount of the external carbon source added in other triangular flasks as a blank control;
d) placing the triangular flask on a tray of a magnetic stirrer, placing a magnetic rotor, adjusting the rotating speed of the magnetic rotor to be 300-500rpm, and adjusting the rotating speed to enable stirring to generate small vortex without gas inhalation so as to prevent oxygen from entering; one of two holes of the triangular bottle mouth and the bottle plug is inserted into a position 5cm below the water surface by a long needle head of 20cm, the lower end of the hard tube is positioned 3cm above the liquid level in the triangular bottle, and the other end of the soft tube is immersed into a beaker containing distilled water for exhausting nitrogen;
e) stirring and sampling, wherein sampling is carried out once every 0.5 hour, sampling is carried out 4 times, the total reaction time is set as H, H is 2 hours, after each reaction time is finished and before sampling is carried out, standing and settling is carried out for 10 minutes, 15m L of supernatant is taken each time, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and the Total Nitrogen (TN) of the supernatant after the reaction are respectively measured after filtering is carried out by a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, the long needle head is not moved during each sampling, the injector is replaced after the sampling is finished, and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value of the supernatant obtained by the last sampling is set as EFFCODThe total nitrogen TN value is set to EFFTN；
f) The steps are carried out once for each external carbon source to be detected in sequence, and the result is recorded; the control triangular flask is also operated once, and the result is recorded; the results of the external carbon source A, the external carbon source B, the external carbon source C and the control bottle are respectively as follows:
external carbon source A: EFFCOD＝13mg/L、EFFTN＝13.4mg/L
An external carbon source B: EFFCOD＝19mg/L、EFFTN＝12.9mg/L
An external carbon source C: EFFCOD＝55mg/L、EFFTNEFF 12.7 mg/L control bottleCOD＝13mg/L、EFFTN＝26.3mg/L
g) Establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating the COST COST of denitrification according to the COST of removing one unit of total nitrogen, wherein the COST COST of denitrification is lower than the COST of denitrification, and the better external carbon source is obtained;
the total nitrogen TN value of the mixed liquid in the blank triangular flask after the reaction is calculated as EFFTN blankM represents the total nitrogen removal amount after the completion of the reactionBlank space，MBlank space＝(TNFront side-EFFTN blank)*V；
The cost of adding the external carbon source into the triangular flask is set as D, and the total nitrogen TN value after the reaction is calculated as EFFTNThe removal amount of total nitrogen TN in the flask containing the external carbon source solution was set to MS，MS＝(TNFront side-EFFTN)*V；
The actual total nitrogen removal amount △ TN of the external carbon source solution is MS-MBlank spaceThe part considers the contribution of the bottom mud to the total nitrogen removal and is more capable ofScientifically judging the removal contribution of an external carbon source to the total nitrogen;
the unit COST of denitrogenation COST is D/△ TN.
The results for the external carbon source a, the external carbon source B, and the external carbon source C were:
external carbon source A: COST ═ 6.1 yuan/kgCOD
An external carbon source B: COST 4.3 yuan/kgCOD
An external carbon source C: the COST of 8.0 yuan/kgCOD shows that the external carbon source B is a better external carbon source.
Example 2: a method for using a sewage treatment external carbon source screening device is characterized in that the device and the operation method in the embodiment 1 are used for establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, the method for calculating the unit denitrification COST COST is the same, and the following tests and calculations are performed:
calculating the COST COST of unit denitrification and the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification as Q, respectively calculating the weight values, and adding the weight values to obtain a better external carbon source with a higher comprehensive score;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
and adding the two weight indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
The results for the external carbon source a, the external carbon source B, and the external carbon source C were:
external carbon source A: 12.6
An external carbon source B: 18.6
An external carbon source C: 15.0
It can be seen that the external carbon source B is a preferred external carbon source.
Embodiment 3 is a method for using the device and the operation method in embodiment 1 to establish an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating the denitrification COST COST, calculating the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification, calculating the denitrification rate DNR, and respectively calculating the weight value, wherein the total score is higher than the total score of the weight value q, and the weight value q is a better external carbon source, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TNCOSTQ represents △ COD/△ TN, and the index weight Q represents the amount of COD required for denitrification per unitqThe same as embodiment 2, will not be described again;
the denitrification rate DNR was △ TN/mixed suspended solid concentration M L SS/reaction time, the total reaction time was H, and the index weight was qDNR，qDNRThe highest weight number is 8 points, and the lowest weight number is 5 points;
sorting the denitrification rates DNR of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the smallest denitrification rate DNR as T, the weight value of T as 5 points, setting the largest DNR as W, and the weight value of W as 8 points, and calculating the weight values of the denitrification rates DNR of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qDNR＝8-(W-DNR)*(8-5)/(W-T)
and adding the three weight indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
The results for the external carbon source a, the external carbon source B, and the external carbon source C were:
external carbon source A: 17.6
An external carbon source B: 25.8
An external carbon source C: 23.0
It can be seen that the external carbon source B is a preferred external carbon source.
Example 4: a method for using a sewage treatment external carbon source screening device is characterized in that the device and the operation method in embodiment 1 are used for establishing an external carbon source performance judgment method, unit denitrification COST COST is calculated, the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification is calculated, denitrification rate DNR is calculated, the COD value in water after reaction is detected, and the total nitrogen TN value index in water after reaction is detected, weight values are respectively calculated, and the five are added, so that the better external carbon source is obtained when the comprehensive score is higher; the methods for calculating the unit denitrification COST COST, the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification and the denitrification rate DNR are the same as those in the embodiment 4 and are not described again;
in addition, the COD value EFF of the reacted water containing the external carbon source to be evaluatedCODThe highest of the weights is 5 points, the smallest of the weights is 2 points, the smallest of the COD values of the chemical oxygen demand in the water after the reaction is sequenced from small to large is counted as U, the weight value of U is counted as 5 points, the largest is counted as J, the weight value of J is counted as 2 points, and the weight values of the COD values of the chemical oxygen demand in the water after the reaction of the rest of external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
qEFFCOD＝5-(EFFCOD-U)*(5-2)/(J-U)
e) the total nitrogen TN value EFF in the water after the reaction of the external carbon source participating in the judgmentTNThe highest of the weights is 5 points, the smallest of the weights is 2 points, the smallest of the total nitrogen TN values in water after reaction is ranked from small to large is X, the weight value of X is 5 points, the largest of the total nitrogen TN values is Y, the weight value of Y is 2 points, and the weight values of the total nitrogen TN values in water after reaction of the rest of external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
qEFFTN＝5-(EFFTN-X)*(5-2)/(Y-X)
and adding the weights of the five indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
The results for the external carbon source a, the external carbon source B, and the external carbon source C were:
external carbon source A: 24.6
An external carbon source B: 32.3
An external carbon source C: 28.3
Control bottle: 30.0
It can be seen that the external carbon source B is a preferred external carbon source.
Example 5: the method for using the device for screening the external carbon source for sewage treatment comprises the following steps, and the detection and inspection methods used in the claims are all commonly known methods in the industry and are not repeated:
1) preparation of test materials:
a) the method comprises the following steps of taking sludge water at the tail end of a sewage treatment anoxic tank which normally runs as bottom sludge, measuring the content of mixed suspended volatile solids and denitrifying bacteria in the bottom sludge, adjusting the pH value and the temperature to a normal value of the anoxic tank for normal denitrification reaction, wherein the adjustment range is as follows: amount of volatile solids mixed and suspended: 50% -70%, content of denitrifying bacteria: 5% -25%, pH value: 6-8, temperature: 15-30 ℃;
b) measuring the nitrate concentration in the bottom sludge, and when the nitrate content of the bottom sludge is lower than 20 mg/L, adding a potassium nitrate solution to enable the nitrate content F of the bottom sludge to reach 30 mg/L for later use;
c) preparing an external carbon source solution, namely taking solid external carbon source powder with the fineness of 200 meshes or the external carbon source solution, adding purified water to dissolve the powder to ensure that the concentration reaches 30 g/L, and adding purified water to dilute an external carbon source solution stock solution to ensure that the concentration reaches 5 g/L;
d) preparing a comparison triangular flask and an auxiliary device with the same specification;
2) the specific screening experiment steps are as follows:
a) taking 3 liters of bottom mud, and respectively injecting the bottom mud into a triangular flask, wherein the liquid level is equal to the triangular flask and the highest scale mark; taking the external carbon source solution prepared in the step 1), wherein the concentration of the external carbon source solution in the bottom sediment is nitrate in the bottom sediment
Figure BDA0002411528620000131
The concentration F is 4 times, the external carbon source amount to be added and the external carbon source volume V to be added are calculated according to the volume of the bottom mud in the triangular flaskExternal carbon source(ii) a And recording the V of the added external carbon sourceExternal carbon sourceTo make a calculation of the cost; the three substances constitute experimental mixed liquid, and the volume of the mixed liquid is V, and V is the maximum scale value of the triangular flask + VExternal carbon source；
b) Placing the triangular flask on a tray of a magnetic stirrer, placing a magnetic rotor, adjusting the rotating speed of the magnetic rotor to be 300-500rpm, and adjusting the rotating speed to enable stirring to generate small vortex without gas inhalation so as to prevent oxygen from entering; a long needle head of the injector on the plug of the triangular flask is inserted into a position 5cm below the liquid level in the triangular flask, the lower end of the hard tube is kept at a position 3cm above the liquid level in the triangular flask, and the other end of the soft tube is immersed into a beaker containing distilled water for discharging nitrogen;
c) stirring and sampling, namely sampling once every 0.5 hour, sampling 4 times, wherein the total reaction time is 2 hours, the reaction time is finished every time, standing and settling the mixed solution in a triangular flask for 10min, then taking a supernatant of 10m L, keeping a long needle still during sampling every time, and replacing an injector after sampling is finished;
d) calculating the denitrification effect of the tested external carbon source: calculating the denitrification rate of the external carbon source according to the measured concentration of the nitrate of the bottom mud after the reaction each time, and recording; the detection of the nitrate concentration and the calculation method of the denitrification rate are conventional known methods;
e) in the method, the steps a) to d) are respectively carried out once on the external carbon source to be tested, and the results are respectively recorded; performing primary detection by using a control triangular flask which is not added with an external carbon source solution and is added with distilled water with the same amount and an auxiliary device, and recording the result;
f) calculating the actual denitrification efficiency of the external carbon source: subtracting the denitrification efficiency of each type of the added carbon source and the denitrification efficiency of the non-added carbon source control triangular flask according to the steps each time, and calculating the actual denitrification efficiency value of the added carbon source;
g) determining the cost performance of an external carbon source: calculating the cost price of the external carbon source according to the amount of the net external carbon source contained in the solution of the additional carbon source obtained in each external carbon source test, wherein the cost is the comprehensive cost including purchase, storage and transportation and processing expenses; calculating the actual denitrification efficiency value of the external carbon source, namely the total cost except the last denitrification rate obtained in the previous step, and calculating the unit denitrification cost of the external carbon source;
h) list of external carbon source cost performance: the cost performance lists of the plurality of external carbon sources are arranged from high cost performance to low cost performance, the high cost performance is the high-quality external carbon source, and the high-quality external carbon source with low cost and high denitrification rate can be screened out;
i) list of denitrification rates: and (3) arranging the denitrification rate detected by taking out the supernatant of each external carbon source according to the taking-out time sequence to form a list, wherein the denitrification rate is increased quickly to obtain the high-quality external carbon source with high denitrification rate, so that the external carbon source with high denitrification rate can be selected, and the ideal external carbon source can be selected by integrating the denitrification rate cost performance and the denitrification rate.
The results of the two external carbon sources in this example are shown below:
the nitrate concentration of the control bottle, the external carbon source A and the external carbon source B changes along with the reaction time
Figure BDA0002411528620000141
As can be seen from Table 1, the effect of carbon source B is more obvious than that of carbon source A, indicating that carbon source B has better performance.
The external carbon source with better cost performance selected in the embodiment obtains better effect in the practical sewage treatment implementation, and the device and the screening method of the invention are effective and stable in effect after multiple times of practical external carbon source screening.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate one of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the present invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art should make various improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a sewage treatment outer carbon source sieving mechanism which characterized in that: is provided with a triangular flask (1), a bottle stopper (2), an injector (3) with a long needle head, a hose (4), a hard tube (5), a magnetic rotor (6), a magnetic stirrer (7) and a beaker (8); a bottle stopper is arranged at the bottle mouth of the triangular bottle; the outer carbon source and sludge water at the tail end of the anoxic tank, namely mixed liquid consisting of bottom sludge and nitrate, are contained in a triangular flask; the bottle stopper is provided with a needle head hole for the long needle head of the injector to penetrate through and a mounting hole for the hard tube to penetrate through; the syringe with the long needle head is arranged on the needle head hole; the hard tube penetrates through the mounting hole, the upper end of the hard tube is connected with the hose, and the lower section of the hard tube is positioned in the triangular flask; one end of the hose is arranged at the upper end of the hard pipe; the other end of the hose is inserted into the purified water in the beaker; purified water with a preset height is contained in the beaker; the magnetic rotor is arranged at the bottom of the triangular flask; the triangular flask is arranged on the magnetic stirrer, and the magnetic rotor and the magnetic stirrer are matched with each other to stir the mixed liquid in the triangular flask.
2. The device for screening the external carbon source for sewage treatment according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the triangular flask is 0.5L-5L, and the lower end of the hard pipe is 2-4cm higher than the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the triangular flask.
3. The sewage treatment external carbon source screening device of claim 2, wherein the length of the long needle head is 15-30cm, the lower end of the long needle head is inserted below the liquid level of the mixed liquid, and the upper end of the long needle head is connected with the lower port of the syringe body, so that the long needle head can conveniently take the reaction liquid in the triangular flask for multiple times without being taken out.
4. The sewage treatment external carbon source screening device according to claim 3, wherein a needle head sealing ring matched with the shape of the needle head hole is further arranged on the needle head of the long needle head; and the hard tube is also provided with a hard tube sealing ring which is matched with the hard tube mounting hole in shape.
5. The sewage treatment external carbon source screening device of claim 4, wherein the needle head sealing ring and the hose sealing ring are both truncated cone type sealing rings with isosceles trapezoid longitudinal sections; an annular reinforcing ring is embedded in the outer peripheral surface of the frustum-shaped sealing ring; the annular reinforcing ring is an elastic steel ring, the outer wall of the sealing pattern is tightly and hermetically combined with the bottle cap, and the inner wall of the sealing pattern is tightly and hermetically combined with the long needle head and the hard tube respectively.
6. The use method of the external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment according to claim 5, wherein the use method comprises the following steps, and the detection methods which do not express the specific steps in the following steps are all known methods, and are not repeated:
1) preparation of test materials:
a) the sludge water at the tail end of the anoxic pond is taken as the bottom sludge, and the concentration M L SS, the chemical oxygen demand COD and the total nitrogen TN of the mixed suspended solid of the bottom sludge are measured and are counted as DTN0Nitrate nitrogen
Figure FDA0002411528610000011
In terms of DNitre 0Placing the bottom mud in a shade place at 10-25 ℃ for later use;
b) preparing a potassium nitrate standard solution, wherein the concentration of the potassium nitrate standard solution is 1-2 g/L, and reserving the potassium nitrate standard solution for later use;
c) preparing an external carbon source solution, namely taking solid external carbon source powder or solution external carbon source, wherein the powder needs to be dissolved in purified water, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is taken as a representation index, the COD of the external carbon source on the market is generally 20-100 g/L, and the external carbon source is diluted to the COD concentration of 10-20 g/L according to the COD index of an external carbon source product and is reserved for use in the step 2);
d) when monitoring nitrate nitrogen of bottom mud
Figure FDA0002411528610000022
When the concentration is lower than 20 mg/L, the potassium nitrate standard solution is supplemented into the bottom mud until the nitrate is obtained
Figure FDA0002411528610000021
The concentration F reaches 20-40 mg/L, and the concentration value of TN in the sediment is DBefore TN＝DTN0-DNitre 0+F；
2) The specific experimental steps are as follows:
a) taking 2-10L of the sediment prepared in the previous step, and taking the volume of the selected triangular flask as a reference, wherein the volume of the sediment is the sum of the volume of the triangular flask multiplied by the number of the carbon source types to be detected and added by 1;
b) feeding: taking a triangular flask, and uniformly adding the uniformly shaken bottom mud liquid level in the step a) to the position with the maximum scale from the triangular flask; respectively adding the prepared external carbon source solution into a triangular flask, wherein the concentration of the external carbon source solution in the bottom sludge is nitrate NO in the bottom sludge- 34-6 times of the N concentration F, and calculating the amount of the external carbon source to be added and the volume V of the external carbon source to be added according to the volume of the bottom mud in the triangular flaskExternal carbon source(ii) a And recording the V of the added external carbon sourceExternal carbon sourceTo make a calculation of the cost; the three substances constitute experimental mixed liquid, and the volume of the mixed liquid is V, and V is the maximum scale value of the triangular flask + VExternal carbon source；
c) Reserving a comparison triangular flask, adding the same amount of bottom mud and potassium nitrate standard solution according to the step b), not adding an external carbon source, but adding distilled water with the same amount of the external carbon source added in other triangular flasks as a blank control;
d) placing the triangular flask on a tray of a magnetic stirrer, placing a magnetic rotor, adjusting the rotating speed of the magnetic rotor to be 300-500rpm, and adjusting the rotating speed to enable stirring to generate small vortex without gas inhalation so as to prevent oxygen from entering; one of two holes of the triangular bottle mouth and the bottle plug is inserted into a position 4-6cm below the water surface by a long needle head of 15-30cm, the lower end of the hard tube is positioned 2-4cm above the liquid level in the triangular bottle, and the other end of the soft tube is immersed into a beaker containing distilled water for discharging nitrogen;
e) stirring and sampling, wherein sampling is carried out once every 0.25-1 hour, sampling can be carried out for 1-6 times, the total reaction time is H, after each reaction time is finished and before sampling is carried out, standing and settling is carried out for 5-10min, supernatant is taken for 10-15m L each time, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and the Total Nitrogen (TN) of the reacted supernatant are respectively measured after filtering is carried out by using a 0.45-micron filter membrane, the long needle head is fixed during each sampling, the injector is replaced after the sampling is finished, and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value of the supernatant sampled at the last time is set as EFFCODThe total nitrogen TN value is set to EFFTN；
f) The steps are carried out once for each external carbon source to be detected in sequence, and the result is recorded; the control triangular flask is also operated once, and the result is recorded;
g) establishing an external carbon source performance evaluation method, calculating the COST COST of denitrification according to the COST of removing one unit of total nitrogen, wherein the COST COST of denitrification is lower than the COST of denitrification, and the better external carbon source is obtained;
the total nitrogen TN value of the mixed liquid in the blank triangular flask after the reaction is calculated as EFFTN blankM represents the total nitrogen removal amount after the completion of the reactionBlank space，MBlank space＝(TNFront side-EFFTN blank)*V；
The cost of adding the external carbon source into the triangular flask is set as D, and the total nitrogen TN value after the reaction is calculated as EFFTNThe removal amount of total nitrogen TN in the flask containing the external carbon source solution was set to MS，MS＝(TNFront side-EFFTN)*V；
The actual total nitrogen removal amount △ TN of the external carbon source solution is MS-MBlank spaceThe contribution of the bottom sludge to the total nitrogen removal is considered, and the contribution of an external carbon source to the total nitrogen removal can be judged scientifically;
the unit COST of denitrogenation COST is D/△ TN.
7. The use method of the sewage treatment external carbon source screening device according to claim 6, wherein an external carbon source performance evaluation method is established, the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by calculating the unit denitrification COST (COST) and the unit denitrification COST (COD) is set as Q, the weight scores are respectively calculated and added, and the better external carbon source is obtained when the comprehensive score is higher;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
and adding the two weight indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
8. The use method of the sewage treatment external carbon source screening device according to claim 6, wherein an external carbon source performance evaluation method is established, a unit denitrification COST COST is calculated, the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification is calculated, a denitrification rate DNR is calculated, weight values are calculated respectively, the three are added, and the better external carbon source is obtained when the comprehensive score is higher;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
c) the denitrification rate DNR is △ TN/mixed suspended solids concentration M L SS/reaction time, the reaction time is H for the total reaction time, and the weight index is qDNR，qDNRThe highest weight number is 8 points, and the lowest weight number is 5 points;
sorting the denitrification rates DNR of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the smallest denitrification rate DNR as T, the weight value of T as 5 points, setting the largest DNR as W, and the weight value of W as 8 points, and calculating the weight values of the denitrification rates DNR of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qDNR＝8-(W-DNR)*(8-5)/(W-T)
and adding the three weight indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
9. The use method of the sewage treatment external carbon source screening device according to claim 6, wherein an external carbon source performance evaluation method is established, a unit denitrification COST COST is calculated, the amount of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) required by unit denitrification is calculated, a denitrification rate DNR is calculated, the COD value in water after reaction is detected, and the index of the total nitrogen TN value in water after reaction is detected, weight values are respectively calculated, and the five are added, and the one with the higher comprehensive score is the better external carbon source;
a) the unit denitrification COST COST is D/△ TN, and the index is weighted by qCOSTThe highest is 10 points, and the lowest is 5 points;
sorting the unit denitrification COST COST of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the minimum unit denitrification COST COST as M, the weight value of M as 10 points, the maximum unit denitrification COST COST as K, and the weight value of K as 5 points, wherein the unit denitrification COST COST weight values of the rest external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
COST weight value q of unit denitrification COST of certain external carbon sourceCOST＝10-(COST-M)*(10-5)/(K-M)
b) In the experiment, △ COD is set as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the added external carbon source;
the amount of COD required for unit denitrification is Q, Q is △ COD/△ TN, and the weight of the index Q isqThe highest can be 10 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the external carbon source participating in the judgment from small to large, setting the minimum quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification as P, the weight value of P as 10 points, the maximum quantity as S, the weight value of S as 5 points, and calculating the weight values of the quantity Q of the chemical oxygen demand COD required by the unit denitrification of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qq＝10-(Q-P)*(10-5)/(S-P)
c) the denitrification rate DNR is △ TN/mixed suspended solids concentration M L SS/reaction time H, the index weight qDNRThe highest can be 8 points, and the lowest can be 5 points;
sorting the denitrification rates DNR of the external carbon sources participating in evaluation from small to large, setting the smallest denitrification rate DNR as T, the weight value of T as 5 points, setting the largest DNR as W, and the weight value of W as 8 points, and calculating the weight values of the denitrification rates DNR of the rest external carbon sources according to the following formula:
qDNR＝8-(W-DNR)*(8-5)/(W-T)
d) the chemical oxygen demand COD value EFF of the water after the reaction of the external carbon source participating in the judgmentCODThe highest of the weights is 5 points, the smallest of the weights is 2 points, the smallest of the COD values of the chemical oxygen demand in the water after the reaction is sequenced from small to large is counted as U, the weight value of U is counted as 5 points, the largest is counted as J, the weight value of J is counted as 2 points, and the weight values of the COD values of the chemical oxygen demand in the water after the reaction of the rest of external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
qEFFCOD＝5-(EFFCOD-U)*(5-2)/(J-U)
e) the total nitrogen TN value EFF in the water after the reaction of the external carbon source participating in the judgmentTNThe highest of the weights is 5 points, the smallest of the weights is 2 points, the smallest of the total nitrogen TN values in water after reaction is ranked from small to large is X, the weight value of X is 5 points, the largest of the total nitrogen TN values is Y, the weight value of Y is 2 points, and the weight values of the total nitrogen TN values in water after reaction of the rest of external carbon sources are calculated according to the following formula:
qEFFTN＝5-(EFFTN-X)*(5-2)/(Y-X)
and adding the weights of the five indexes of each external carbon source, and then sorting, wherein the carbon source with the higher comprehensive score is the better carbon source.
10. The method for using the external carbon source screening device for sewage treatment according to claim 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps, and the detection and inspection methods used in the claims are all commonly known methods in the industry and are not repeated:
1) preparation of test materials:
a) the method comprises the following steps of taking sludge water at the tail end of a sewage treatment anoxic tank which normally runs as bottom sludge, measuring the content of mixed suspended volatile solids and denitrifying bacteria in the bottom sludge, adjusting the pH value and the temperature to a normal value of the anoxic tank for normal denitrification reaction, wherein the adjustment range is as follows: amount of volatile solids mixed and suspended: 50% -70%, content of denitrifying bacteria: 5% -25%, pH value: 6-8, temperature: 15-30 ℃;
b) measuring the nitrate concentration in the bottom sludge, and when the nitrate content of the bottom sludge is lower than 20 mg/L, adding a potassium nitrate solution to enable the nitrate content F of the bottom sludge to reach 20-40 mg/L for later use;
c) preparing an external carbon source solution, namely taking solid external carbon source powder with the fineness of 200-300 meshes or an external carbon source solution, adding purified water into the powder for dissolving, wherein the concentration reaches 20-40 g/L, and adding purified water into the stock solution of the external carbon source solution for diluting, wherein the concentration reaches 10-20 g/L;
d) preparing a comparison triangular flask and an auxiliary device with the same specification;
2) the specific screening experiment steps are as follows:
a) taking 3 liters of bottom mud, and respectively injecting the bottom mud into a triangular flask, wherein the liquid level is equal to the triangular flask and the highest scale mark; taking the external carbon source solution prepared in the step 1), wherein the concentration of the external carbon source solution in the bottom sediment is nitrate in the bottom sediment
Figure FDA0002411528610000061
The concentration F is 4 to 6 times, and the amount of the external carbon source to be added and the volume V of the external carbon source to be added are calculated according to the volume of the bottom mud in the triangular flaskExternal carbon source(ii) a And recording the V of the added external carbon sourceExternal carbon sourceTo make a calculation of the cost; the three substances constitute experimental mixed liquid, and the volume of the mixed liquid is V, and V is the maximum scale value of the triangular flask + VExternal carbon source；
b) Placing the triangular flask on a tray of a magnetic stirrer, placing a magnetic rotor, adjusting the rotating speed of the magnetic rotor to be 300-500rpm, and adjusting the rotating speed to enable stirring to generate small vortex without gas inhalation so as to prevent oxygen from entering; a long needle head of the injector on the plug of the triangular flask is inserted 4-6cm below the liquid level in the triangular flask, the lower end of the hard tube is kept 2-4cm above the liquid level in the triangular flask, and the other end of the soft tube is immersed in a beaker containing distilled water for discharging nitrogen;
c) stirring and sampling, namely sampling once every 0.25-1 hour, sampling for 1-6 times, wherein the total reaction time is 2-4 hours, the reaction time is finished every time, standing and settling the mixed solution in a triangular flask for 5-10min, then taking supernatant liquid 10-15m L, keeping a long needle head still during sampling every time, and replacing an injector after sampling is finished;
d) calculating the denitrification effect of the tested external carbon source: calculating the denitrification rate of the external carbon source according to the measured concentration of the nitrate of the bottom mud after the reaction each time, and recording; the detection of the nitrate concentration and the calculation method of the denitrification rate are conventional known methods;
e) in the method, the steps a) to d) are respectively carried out once on the external carbon source to be tested, and the results are respectively recorded; performing primary detection by using a control triangular flask which is not added with an external carbon source solution and is added with distilled water with the same amount and an auxiliary device, and recording the result;
f) calculating the actual denitrification efficiency of the external carbon source: subtracting the denitrification efficiency of each type of the added carbon source and the denitrification efficiency of the non-added carbon source control triangular flask according to the steps each time, and calculating the actual denitrification efficiency value of the added carbon source;
g) determining the cost performance of an external carbon source: calculating the cost price of the external carbon source according to the amount of the net external carbon source contained in the solution of the additional carbon source obtained in each external carbon source test, wherein the cost is the comprehensive cost including purchase, storage and transportation and processing expenses; calculating the actual denitrification efficiency value of the external carbon source, namely the total cost except the last denitrification rate obtained in the previous step, and calculating the unit denitrification cost of the external carbon source;
h) list of external carbon source cost performance: the cost performance lists of the plurality of external carbon sources are arranged from high cost performance to low cost performance, the high cost performance is the high-quality external carbon source, and the high-quality external carbon source with low cost and high denitrification rate can be screened out;
i) list of denitrification rates: and (3) arranging the denitrification rate detected by taking out the supernatant of each external carbon source according to the taking-out time sequence to form a list, wherein the denitrification rate is increased quickly to obtain the high-quality external carbon source with high denitrification rate, so that the external carbon source with high denitrification rate can be selected, and the ideal external carbon source can be selected by integrating the denitrification rate cost performance and the denitrification rate.
CN202010178158.3A 2020-03-14 2020-03-14 Sewage treatment external carbon source screening device and application method thereof Pending CN111398521A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112014535A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-01 西安瑞华能源科技有限公司 Evaluation device and evaluation method for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources and application
CN112142203A (en) * 2020-09-16 2020-12-29 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 Carbon source screening device and method for enhancing denitrification in sewage treatment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112014535A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-01 西安瑞华能源科技有限公司 Evaluation device and evaluation method for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources and application
CN112142203A (en) * 2020-09-16 2020-12-29 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 Carbon source screening device and method for enhancing denitrification in sewage treatment

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