CN112014535A - Evaluation device and evaluation method for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources and application - Google Patents
Evaluation device and evaluation method for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources and application Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- JXBAVRIYDKLCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[P] Chemical compound [C].[P] JXBAVRIYDKLCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrate nitrogen Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1806—Biological oxygen demand [BOD] or chemical oxygen demand [COD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of urban and industrial sewage treatment, and relates to an evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources, an evaluation method and application. Reduce total nitrogen, evaluation device of total phosphorus carbon source includes the constant temperature water bath, be provided with a plurality of biochemical reaction cauldron in the water storage tank of constant temperature water bath, be provided with mechanical agitator in the biochemical reaction cauldron, mechanical agitator upper end is provided with and is used for controlling mechanical agitator pivoted agitator motor, the symmetry is provided with vertical support bar on the constant temperature water bath, horizontal support bar is installed to the vertical support bar upper end of symmetry, install the agitator motor on the horizontal support bar, be provided with the cyclic annular denitrification sludge groove that is used for loading denitrification mud in the biochemical reaction cauldron, be provided with sealed kettle cover on the biochemical reaction cauldron. According to the rapid evaluation device, after the carbon source to be evaluated is added, the carbon source is evaluated by testing the change of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the sewage in different time periods through a simulation experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of urban and industrial sewage treatment, and relates to an evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources, an evaluation method and application.
Background
In the process of urban and industrial sewage treatment, in order to remove total nitrogen in water through denitrification biochemical reaction, a certain amount of carbon source is often required to be added into a denitrification tank, and because different carbon sources have large difference in denitrification treatment effect, the used carbon source needs to be evaluated, but a rapid evaluation device for the carbon source in the denitrification process is not available at present. Because the urbanization process of China is continuously accelerated, the discharge amount of domestic and industrial sewage and eutrophication substances are increased, the eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs is increasingly serious. In the action plan for preventing and controlling water pollution, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indexes which have outstanding influence on the quality of water environment are selected, a constraint index system for controlling the total discharge amount of pollutants in a basin and a region is researched, the requirements are clear, the discharge control of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus is implemented in rivers, coastal land levels and cities which are converged into eutrophic lakes and reservoirs, and even in a lot of cities, the discharge is required to reach the standard of four types of water on the surface. Control of total nitrogen, particularly nitrate nitrogen, only by biological denitrification techniques! This requires a relatively sufficient carbon source in the wastewater to remove the total nitrogen by nitrification and denitrification. The carbon source of the inlet water can not meet the requirement of biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Meanwhile, with the further improvement of the sewage discharge standard, the influence of insufficient carbon source on the stable removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from the biological system is more prominent. A large number of sewage treatment plants have the problem that nitrogen and phosphorus in effluent cannot reach the standard or cannot reach the standard simultaneously, and many existing sewage treatment plants have the problem of insufficient carbon sources, so that the total nitrogen in effluent reaches the standard, the carbon sources have to be added manually. At present, the problem of insufficient carbon source is solved by mainly considering external carbon sources (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, sodium acetate, glucose and the like), but the treatment cost of a sewage treatment plant is greatly increased. Research has shown that even with the cheapest methanol as carbon source, the added cost is as much as 70% of the management cost of water plant operation! How to reasonably and rapidly optimize an external carbon source while fully excavating the internal carbon source becomes a difficult problem to be faced by a plurality of sewage treatment plants. The cost of the carbon source is the main problem of reducing the operation cost of the sewage treatment plant, and the main contradiction is solved, so that the sewage discharge can be promoted to reach the standard of 100 percent, and the green water of the green mountain can be protected. At present, no evaluation method and evaluation device for carbon sources exist in domestic laboratories, and evaluation can only be verified through industrial tests. The specific process of the industrial test is as follows: and (4) calculating the quantity of the carbon source required by the experiment according to the water quantity of the sewage treatment plant. Calculated by 5 ten thousand formula of daily treatment, the total nitrogen of the water is 20-40mg/L, and about 28.0 tons of sodium acetate serving as a traditional carbon source is needed in 5 days, and the value is 10.08 ten thousand yuan. Continuously adding sodium acetate into a denitrification tank at a dosage of about 100mg/L, only observing the phenomenon and the adaptability and tolerance of cultured bacteria in the first two days, continuously adding the sodium acetate into the denitrification tank at a dosage of 120mg/L from the third day, detecting the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD value of a water outlet every day, and judging whether the water reaches the standard or not by contrasting with the discharge standard.
The industrial test takes about 7-10 days, the period is longer, and the risk is larger! If the effect is not good, the experiment fails, the strains die in a large range, the water quality fluctuation is easy to cause, the discharge exceeds the standard, the fund is wasted, and the sewage treatment plant faces economic punishment and legal risk. Therefore, it is important to develop an evaluation method and an evaluation apparatus in a laboratory.
Table 1 shows the discharge standard GB18918-2002 for pollutants of municipal wastewater treatment plants implemented at present
| Serial number | Control index | First order A Standard mg/L |
| 1 | Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) | 50 |
| 2 | Total nitrogen (in N) | 15 |
| 3 | Total phosphorus (in terms of P) | 0.5 |
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources, an evaluation method and application, and solves the problems that a plurality of sewage treatment enterprises and carbon source research and production enterprises do not have a laboratory carbon source evaluation method and device.
The specific implementation process of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a reduce total nitrogen, evaluation device of total phosphorus carbon source, includes the constant temperature water bath, and the constant temperature water bath is built-in to have the storage water tank, is provided with a plurality of biochemical reation kettle in the storage water tank of constant temperature water bath, be provided with mechanical agitator in the biochemical reation kettle, mechanical agitator upper end is provided with and is used for controlling mechanical agitator pivoted agitator motor, and the symmetry is provided with vertical support bar on the constant temperature water bath, and the horizontal support bar is installed to the vertical support bar upper end of symmetry, install the agitator motor on the horizontal support bar, be provided with the cyclic annular denitrification sludge groove that is used for filling in denitrification mud in the biochemical reation kettle, be provided with the sealed kettle lid on the biochemical reation kettle.
Further, a temperature adjusting knob and a stirring speed adjusting knob are arranged on the constant-temperature water bath kettle.
Further, a digital display timer is also arranged on the constant temperature water bath.
Further, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are further arranged on the constant-temperature water bath kettle, and a water storage tank in the constant-temperature water bath kettle is respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet.
Further, a height adjusting knob for adjusting the height of the horizontal supporting rod is arranged at the joint of the horizontal supporting rod and the vertical supporting rod.
Furthermore, the biochemical reaction kettle is made of organic glass.
Further, a liquid filling port is arranged on the constant temperature water bath kettle, and a cover is arranged on the liquid filling port.
The method comprises the steps of measuring the changes of COD (chemical oxygen demand), total phosphorus and total nitrogen contents in sewage at different reaction times through an evaluation device for reducing the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus carbon sources, calculating the nitrogen reduction index and the phosphorus reduction index of the carbon sources according to the consumption of the carbon sources, the changes of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus contents, judging the promotion degree of an added carbon source to the denitrification reaction, and screening out the optimal carbon sources.
The evaluation method for reducing the total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon source comprises the following steps:
(a) filling denitrification sludge in the annular denitrification sludge tank of each biochemical reaction kettle, adding sewage into each biochemical reaction kettle, then adding a carbon source to be evaluated into one biochemical reaction kettle, adding different carbon sources to be evaluated into the other biochemical reaction kettles, wherein the mass concentrations of all the carbon sources are uniformly consistent;
(b) starting a stirring device and a temperature control device of the constant-temperature water bath kettle, controlling the temperature to be consistent with the temperature of the anoxic pond, and keeping the temperature at 5-30 ℃ for denitrification reaction;
(c) taking a sewage sample at intervals after the denitrification reaction is carried out;
(d) measuring the changes of COD, total phosphorus and total nitrogen content in the sewage in different reaction time, calculating the nitrogen reduction index and the phosphorus reduction index of the carbon source according to the consumption of the carbon source, the changes of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus content, judging the promotion degree of the carbon source added to the denitrification reaction, and screening out the optimal carbon source.
The evaluation device for reducing the total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources is applied to evaluating the denitrification treatment effect of different carbon sources in sewage treatment.
The invention has the following positive effects:
(1) after the carbon source to be evaluated is added, the evaluation device for reducing the total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon source evaluates the quality of the carbon source by testing the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the sewage in different time periods and the change of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus through a simulation experiment, so that a proper carbon source is screened out, and the optimal adding amount of the carbon source can be determined through a gradient experiment. The method can obtain an evaluation result within 3-6 hours, and has great significance for guiding a sewage treatment plant to screen carbon sources, greatly reducing the cost and reducing the emission.
(2) The method has clear thought, accords with the principle of nitrification-denitrification biochemical reaction, has easily obtained evaluation device components, and has good practicability after experimental verification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an evaluation apparatus for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the biochemical reaction kettle;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the biochemical reaction vessel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical agitator;
in the figure, 1 a constant temperature water bath kettle, 11 a temperature adjusting knob, 12 a stirring speed adjusting knob, 13 a digital display timer, 14 a liquid inlet, 15 a liquid outlet, 16 a liquid adding opening, 2 a biochemical reaction kettle, 21 an annular denitrification sludge tank, 22 a sealing kettle cover, 3 a mechanical stirrer, 4 a stirrer motor, 41 a vertical supporting rod, 42 a horizontal supporting rod and 43 a height adjusting knob.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
In order to solve the problem that a plurality of sewage treatment enterprises and research and production enterprises of carbon sources do not have carbon source evaluation methods and devices for laboratories, the invention provides an evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources, an evaluation method and application.
EXAMPLE 1 evaluation device for reducing Total Nitrogen and Total phosphorus carbon sources
The evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, comprises a thermostatic water bath 1, wherein a water storage tank is arranged in the thermostatic water bath 1, 6 biochemical reaction kettles 2 are arranged in the water storage tank of the thermostatic water bath 1, the biochemical reaction kettles 2 are made of organic glass, a mechanical stirrer 3 is arranged in each biochemical reaction kettle 2, a stirrer motor 4 for controlling the rotation of the mechanical stirrer 3 is arranged at the upper end of each mechanical stirrer 3, vertical support rods 41 are symmetrically arranged on the thermostatic water bath 1, horizontal support rods 42 are arranged at the upper ends of the symmetrical vertical support rods 41, the stirrer motors 4 are arranged on the horizontal support rods 42, height adjusting knobs 43 for adjusting the height of the horizontal support rods 42 are arranged at the joints of the horizontal support rods 42 and the vertical support rods 41, annular denitrification sludge tanks 21 for filling denitrification sludge are arranged in the biochemical reaction kettles 2, wherein the annular denitrification sludge groove 21 is used for increasing the contact surface of denitrification sludge and sewage and promoting the denitrification reaction, and the biochemical reaction kettle 2 is provided with a sealing kettle cover 22. The constant temperature water bath 1 is provided with a temperature adjusting knob 11 and a stirring speed adjusting knob 12, wherein the temperature adjusting knob 11 is used for adjusting the temperature of water in the water bath in the reaction process, so that the temperature in the biochemical reaction kettle 2 is adjusted, and the stirring speed adjusting knob 12 is mainly used for adjusting the rotating speed of the mechanical stirrer 3, so that the flora in the sewage and the denitrifying sludge is fully contacted, and the denitrifying reaction is better carried out. The constant temperature water bath 1 is also provided with a plurality of display timers 13. The constant temperature water bath kettle 1 is also provided with a liquid inlet 14 and a liquid outlet 15, and a water storage tank in the constant temperature water bath kettle 1 is respectively communicated with the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15. The constant temperature water bath 1 is provided with a filling opening 16, and the filling opening 16 is provided with a cover.
EXAMPLE 2 evaluation device for reducing Total Nitrogen and Total phosphorus carbon sources
The evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources comprises a constant temperature water bath 1, wherein a water storage tank is arranged in the constant temperature water bath 1, 6 biochemical reaction kettles 2 are arranged in the water storage tank of the constant temperature water bath 1, the biochemical reaction kettles 2 are made of organic glass, a mechanical stirrer 3 is arranged in each biochemical reaction kettle 2, a stirrer motor 4 for controlling the rotation of the mechanical stirrer 3 is arranged at the upper end of each mechanical stirrer 3, vertical support rods 41 are symmetrically arranged on the constant temperature water bath 1, horizontal support rods 42 are arranged at the upper ends of the symmetrical vertical support rods 41, the stirrer motors 4 are arranged on the horizontal support rods 42, height adjusting knobs 43 for adjusting the height of the horizontal support rods 42 are arranged at the joints of the horizontal support rods 42 and the vertical support rods 41, annular denitrification sludge tanks 21 for filling denitrification sludge are arranged in the biochemical reaction kettles 2, the biochemical reaction kettle 2 is provided with a sealing kettle cover 22. The constant temperature water bath 1 is provided with a temperature adjusting knob 11 and a stirring speed adjusting knob 12, wherein the temperature adjusting knob 11 is used for adjusting the temperature of water in the water bath in the reaction process, so that the temperature in the biochemical reaction kettle 2 is adjusted, and the stirring speed adjusting knob 12 is mainly used for adjusting the rotating speed of the mechanical stirrer 3, so that the flora in the sewage and the denitrifying sludge are fully contacted, and the denitrifying reaction is better carried out. The constant temperature water bath kettle 1 is also provided with a liquid inlet 14 and a liquid outlet 15, and a water storage tank in the constant temperature water bath kettle 1 is respectively communicated with the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15.
The number of the biochemical reaction kettles 2 can be selected according to experimental conditions, and the constant-temperature water bath 1 can be expanded according to the structure described in the embodiment, so that the number of the biochemical reaction kettles 2 is increased. In addition, the rotation and the rotation speed of the mechanical stirrer 3 are controlled by the stirrer motor 4, the stirrer motor 4 is connected with the built-in controller of the thermostatic water bath 1, and the stirring speed adjusting knob 12 is also connected with the built-in controller of the thermostatic water bath 1, so that the stirring speed adjusting knob 12 can indirectly control the rotation and the rotation speed of the mechanical stirrer 3. The thermostat water bath 1 is internally provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is connected with a controller which is arranged in the thermostat water bath 1, a temperature adjusting knob 11 is also connected with the controller which is arranged in the thermostat water bath 1, the temperature adjusting knob 11 is indirectly enabled to control the liquid temperature in a water storage tank of the thermostat water bath 1, the temperature required by the reaction of the biochemical reaction kettle 2 can be further maintained, and a temperature display screen is also matched beside the temperature adjusting knob 11 of the thermostat water bath 1. Since the structure of the constant temperature water bath 1 belongs to the conventional structure, the present invention does not describe it in detail, and can be realized by referring to the existing related water bath manufacturing technology, so long as the temperature and the rotation speed required by the reaction of the biochemical reaction vessel 2 of the present invention can be realized, the constant temperature water bath 1 can be replaced. The constant-temperature water bath kettle 1 can be an HH-W600 model water bath kettle produced by Shanghai assisted Lanke technology of manufacturers, and the mechanical stirrer 3 and the stirrer motor 4 can be replaced by an NP-20L model mechanical stirrer 3 and a stirrer motor 4 produced by intelligent equipment of manufacturers as desired. The digital display timer 13 can be replaced by a ZYL03-1 model digital display timer 13 produced by ZYL electronics of manufacturers.
Example 3 evaluation method
The method for evaluating the carbon source required by the evaluation device for reducing the total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon source in the denitrification process of the sewage comprises the following steps:
(a) filling denitrification sludge in the annular denitrification sludge tank 21 of each biochemical reaction kettle 2, adding 1.2L of sewage into each biochemical reaction kettle 2, then adding no carbon source to be evaluated into one biochemical reaction kettle 2, adding different carbon sources to be evaluated into the other biochemical reaction kettles 2, wherein the mass concentrations of all the carbon sources are consistent;
(b) starting a stirring device and a temperature control device of the constant-temperature water bath 1, controlling the temperature to be consistent with the temperature of the anoxic tank, and keeping the temperature at 5-25 ℃ for denitrification reaction;
(c) after the denitrification reaction is carried out, taking a sewage sample every 3 hours until 6 hours later;
(d) measuring the changes of COD, total phosphorus and total nitrogen content in the sewage in different reaction time, calculating the nitrogen reduction index and the phosphorus reduction index of the carbon source according to the consumption of the carbon source, the changes of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus content, judging the promotion degree of the carbon source added to the denitrification reaction, and screening out the optimal carbon source. When the nitrogen reduction index and the phosphorus reduction index of the carbon source are lower, the carbon source can promote the denitrification process better and is the optimal carbon source.
The evaluation device for reducing the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus carbon source is mainly used for evaluating the carbon source required in the denitrification process of the sewage, and the evaluation device for reducing the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus carbon source is used for measuring the change of COD (chemical oxygen demand), total phosphorus and total nitrogen content in the sewage in different reaction time to judge the promotion degree of the carbon source added to the denitrification reaction, and screening out the optimal carbon source. Although the rapid evaluation device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, the evaluation on the quality of the carbon source is realized by measuring the changes of COD (chemical oxygen demand), total phosphorus and total nitrogen content in sewage in different reaction times in a laboratory, and the rapid evaluation device is beneficial to screening the optimal carbon source obtained by enterprises as soon as possible and with low cost, and is convenient and rapid.
In the method, a COD test method adopts an HJ828-2017 dichromate method, a total nitrogen test method adopts an HJ636-2012 alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and a total phosphorus test method adopts an HJ670-2013 ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry.
Example 4 application example
Experimental materials:
(1) and (3) taking the denitrification sludge in the anoxic tank of the plant A, standing for 30min, and then removing the supernatant to obtain the denitrification sludge used in the experiment for later use.
(2) Taking the sewage with the total nitrogen exceeding the standard from the A plant.
(3) Carbon source to be evaluated: a. sodium acetate, b
The experimental process comprises the following steps:
(1) 600mL of denitrification sludge is respectively added into 3 biochemical reaction kettles 2 of 2L, and part of the denitrification sludge is filled in an annular denitrification sludge groove 21 of the biochemical reaction kettle 2, and the samples are marked as blank samples, comparison samples and experimental samples in sequence. Then adding 120mg/L of a. sodium acetate into the comparison sample; to the experimental sample was added b. acetic acid 75 mg/L.
(2) Then, 1200mL of total nitrogen overproof sewage is respectively added into biochemical reaction kettles 2 corresponding to the blank sample, the comparison sample and the experimental sample, 3 biochemical reaction kettles 2 are respectively sampled, the blank sample 2#, the comparison sample 5# and the experimental sample 8# are marked, a sealing kettle cover 22 is covered, the height of a horizontal support rod 42 is adjusted through a height adjusting knob 43, a mechanical stirrer 3 is further adjusted to be at a proper height, a stirring speed adjusting knob 12 is rotated, the rotating speed is controlled to be 120 revolutions per minute, a temperature adjusting knob 11 is rotated at the same time, and the temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃.
(3) The experiment starts to time from the start of stirring, 3 biochemical reaction kettles 2 are respectively sampled once after reacting for 3 hours, and a blank sample 3#, a reference sample 6# and an experimental sample 9# are marked; then 3 biochemical reaction kettles 2 are respectively sampled once after the reaction is carried out for 3 hours, and a blank sample 4#, a reference sample 7# and an experimental sample 10# are marked.
The sample No. 1 is a distilled water sample for testing.
(4) The COD, total phosphorus and total nitrogen contents of the sewage samples taken out at different reaction times are measured and shown in tables 2-4.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the experimental data in tables 2 to 4, after 0 to 6 hours, the blank 2# -the blank 4# had substantially no change in total phosphorus and total nitrogen except for the change in COD. The comparison group added with sodium acetate as carbon source, after 0-6 hours, except that COD changes, COD increases because of the addition of organic matter, and sodium acetate is a traditional carbon source, so total phosphorus and total nitrogen basically do not change in a short time. Acetic acid is added into an experimental sample group as a carbon source, after 0-6 hours, the total phosphorus and the total nitrogen are greatly changed, after 6 hours of reaction, the total phosphorus and the total nitrogen are obviously reduced, the total phosphorus is reduced from 1.10mg/L to 0.41mg/L, and the reduction amplitude reaches 62.7%. The total nitrogen is reduced from 24.08mg/L to 7.81mg/L, and the reduction amplitude reaches 67.6 percent. The experimental data show that acetic acid can promote the denitrification process better than sodium acetate, and acetic acid is selected as a test carbon source in industrial application.
According to the consumption of the experimental carbon source, the tested total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations, the nitrogen and phosphorus reduction indexes of the carbon source can be calculated, namely:
QN＝Mc×CN×P (1)
in the formula: qNNitrogen reduction index
Mc-the amount of carbon source added, mg/L;
CN-reducing the percentage of total nitrogen;
CNthe ratio (raw water total nitrogen-total nitrogen of sewage after 6 hours of experiment)/raw water total nitrogen x 100%
P-monovalent source of carbon/kg
QP＝Mc×CP×P (2)
In the formula: qPPhosphorus reduction index
Mc-the amount of carbon source added, mg/L;
CP-reducing the percentage of total phosphorus;
Cpthe ratio is (raw water total phosphorus-total phosphorus in sewage after 6 hours of experiment)/raw water total phosphorus x 100%
P-monovalent source of carbon/kg
The carbon source has the lowest numerical value of nitrogen and phosphorus reduction indexes, namely the optimal carbon source.
QN (sodium acetate)＝Mc×CN×P＝120×1.0×3.6＝457.488
QN (acetic acid)＝Mc×CN×P＝75×0.676×3.5＝177.45
QN (acetic acid)＜QN (sodium acetate)
QP (sodium acetate)＝Mc×CP×P＝120×1.059×3.6＝432
QP (acetic acid)＝Mc×CP×P＝75×0.627×3.5＝164.59
QP (acetic acid)＜QP (sodium acetate)
Judging from the calculated data: the nitrogen and phosphorus reduction index values of the carbon source of acetic acid are lower than those of the carbon source of sodium acetate, so that the acetic acid is optimal compared with the sodium acetate!
Comparative example 1
Experimental procedure for evaluation of carbon sources using conventional methods:
the specific process of the industrial test is as follows: and calculating the quantity of the carbon source required by the experiment according to the water quantity of the sewage treatment plant. Calculated by 5 ten thousand formula of daily treatment, the total nitrogen of the water is 20-40mg/L, and about 28.0 tons of sodium acetate serving as a traditional carbon source is needed in 5 days, and the value is 10.08 ten thousand yuan. Continuously adding sodium acetate into a denitrification pool at a dosage of 100mg/L, only observing the phenomenon in the first two days, continuously adding sodium acetate at a dosage of 120mg/L from the third day, continuously adding sodium acetate at a dosage of 120mg/L, detecting the total nitrogen, total phosphorus and COD value of a water outlet every day, and judging whether the sodium acetate reaches the standard or not by contrasting the discharge standard.
Through laboratory evaluation experiments of carbon sources, preliminary judgment is as follows: the acetic acid is far superior to the traditional carbon source sodium acetate, and in the experiment, the denitrification reaction is normal, and the phenomenon that the strain is not suitable does not occur, so that the sewage treatment plant immediately and commensurately carries out industrial amplification application experiments. The industrial test started at 20 days 11 and ended at 30 days 11 and 2019 for 10 days, see table 5. From the industrial data it can be seen that: the total phosphorus and total nitrogen of effluent are all superior to GB18918-2002 first-class A standard! The industrial experimental data of 10 continuous days show that: the trends of the experimental results were completely consistent with the laboratory data! The rapid evaluation device and the rapid evaluation method for reducing the total phosphorus and nitrogen carbon sources can completely screen out appropriate carbon sources, and solve the problems of the vast scientific research institutions and sewage treatment plants.
TABLE 5
Note that TN in the table represents total nitrogen and TP represents total phosphorus.
The principle of the evaluation method of the invention is as follows:
adding sewage, activated sludge and a carbon source to be evaluated of a specific sewage treatment plant into an evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources, setting a dose gradient, preparing a water sample according to requirements, and detecting the change of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the water sample in an experimental device after biochemical reaction is carried out for 1.5 to 6 hours, so as to quickly compare the quality and the applicability of the carbon sources, and the optimal carbon source adding amount for industrial application can be estimated according to a formula.
Under the anoxic condition, nitrite and nitrate are reduced into nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria and then escape from water, thereby achieving the aim of removing nitrogen; the denitrification is a process for reducing nitrate and nitrite generated in the nitration reaction process into nitrogen, the denitrifying bacteria is a chemical energy heterotrophic facultative anoxic microorganism, when molecular oxygen exists, the denitrifying bacteria oxidize and decompose organic matters, when no molecular oxygen exists, the denitrifying bacteria utilize N in the nitrate and nitrite3+And N5+As electron acceptor, O2-Formation of water and OH as hydrogen acceptor-Alkalinity, organic substances as carbon source for supplying electrons, O2-Formation of water and OH as hydrogen acceptor-From this, it is known that the denitrification reaction must be carried out under anoxic conditions. From NO3-Reduction to N2The process of (2) is as follows:
NO3-→NO2-→N2↑
the organic substance is used as a carbon source and an electron donor to provide energy and is oxidized and stabilized.
The biological denitrification process can be represented by the following two formulas:
2NO2 -+6H (electron donor organic) → N2+2H2O+2OH-
2NO3 -+10H (electron donor organic) → N2+4H2O+2OH-
When the carbon source organic matter in the wastewater is insufficient, carbon source organic matter which is easy to biodegrade, such as methanol and the like, can be added. The denitrification reaction considering both assimilation and catabolism metabolic processes can be represented by the following formula:
NO2 -+0.67CH3OH+0.53H2CO3→0.04C5H7NO2+0.48N2+1.23H2O+HCO3 -
NO3 -+1.08CH3OH+0.24H2CO3→0.056C5H7NO2+0.47N2+1.68H2O+HCO3 -
the foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources is characterized in that: including constant temperature water bath (1), constant temperature water bath (1) embeds there is the storage water tank, is provided with a plurality of biochemical reaction cauldron (2) in the storage water tank of constant temperature water bath (1), be provided with mechanical agitator (3) in biochemical reaction cauldron (2), mechanical agitator (3) upper end is provided with and is used for controlling mechanical agitator (3) pivoted agitator motor (4), and the symmetry is provided with vertical support bar (41) on constant temperature water bath (1), and horizontal support bar (42) are installed to the vertical support bar (41) upper end of symmetry, install agitator motor (4) on horizontal support bar (42), be provided with cyclic annular denitrification sludge groove (21) that are used for loading denitrification mud in biochemical reaction cauldron (2), be provided with sealed kettle cover (22) on biochemical reaction cauldron (2).
2. The apparatus for evaluating carbon sources for total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduction according to claim 1, wherein: the constant temperature water bath (1) is provided with a temperature adjusting knob (11) and a stirring speed adjusting knob (12).
3. The apparatus for evaluating carbon sources for total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduction according to claim 1, wherein: and a digital display timer (13) is also arranged on the constant temperature water bath (1).
4. The apparatus for evaluating carbon sources for total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduction according to claim 1, wherein: the constant-temperature water bath kettle (1) is further provided with a liquid inlet (14) and a liquid outlet (15), and a water storage tank in the constant-temperature water bath kettle (1) is respectively communicated with the liquid inlet (14) and the liquid outlet (15).
5. The apparatus for evaluating carbon sources for total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduction according to claim 1, wherein: a height adjusting knob (43) for adjusting the height of the horizontal supporting rod (42) is arranged at the joint of the horizontal supporting rod (42) and the vertical supporting rod (41).
6. The apparatus for evaluating carbon sources for total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduction according to claim 1, wherein: the biochemical reaction kettle (2) is made of organic glass.
7. The apparatus for evaluating carbon sources for total nitrogen and total phosphorus reduction according to claim 1, wherein: a liquid filling port (16) is arranged on the constant temperature water bath kettle (1), and a cover is arranged on the liquid filling port (16).
8. An evaluation method for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources is characterized by comprising the following steps: by means of an evaluation device for reducing total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources, changes of COD (chemical oxygen demand), total phosphorus and total nitrogen contents in sewage in different reaction times are measured, a nitrogen reduction index and a phosphorus reduction index of the carbon source are calculated according to changes of consumption of the carbon source, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents, the promotion degree of the carbon source to denitrification reaction is judged, and the optimal carbon source is screened.
9. The method of claim 8, comprising the steps of:
(a) filling denitrification sludge in an annular denitrification sludge tank (21) of each biochemical reaction kettle (2), adding sewage into each biochemical reaction kettle (2), then adding a carbon source to be evaluated into one biochemical reaction kettle (2), adding different carbon sources to be evaluated into other biochemical reaction kettles (2), wherein the mass concentrations of all the carbon sources are uniformly consistent;
(b) starting a stirring device and a temperature control device of the constant-temperature water bath (1), controlling the temperature to be consistent with the temperature of the anoxic tank, and keeping the temperature at 5-30 ℃ for denitrification reaction;
(c) taking a sewage sample at intervals after the denitrification reaction is carried out;
(d) measuring the changes of COD, total phosphorus and total nitrogen content in the sewage in different reaction time, calculating the nitrogen reduction index and the phosphorus reduction index of the carbon source according to the consumption of the carbon source, the changes of the total nitrogen and the total phosphorus content, judging the promotion degree of the carbon source added to the denitrification reaction, and screening out the optimal carbon source.
10. Use of the apparatus for evaluating total nitrogen and total phosphorus carbon sources according to claim 1 for evaluating the effect of different carbon sources on denitrification treatment in sewage treatment.
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