CN111397725A - Automatic monitoring system and method for intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring system and method for intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111397725A CN111397725A CN202010200418.2A CN202010200418A CN111397725A CN 111397725 A CN111397725 A CN 111397725A CN 202010200418 A CN202010200418 A CN 202010200418A CN 111397725 A CN111397725 A CN 111397725A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0248—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
Abstract
The invention uses a miniature ultra-low power consumption intelligent vibration spectrum sensor to test and analyze the forced vibration spectrum of living bodies, electromechanical equipment, buildings and the like, finds out the difference between the forced vibration spectrum and the spectrum of the monitored object in the normal working state, refers to other related sensor information if necessary, diagnoses the monitored object by using a pre-established mathematical model, carries out empirical perception on analog quantities such as traditional Chinese medicine pulse feeling, doctor listening to heart sound, worker monitoring the vibration sound of a machine, patrolling worker monitoring the rail knocking sound and the like, and scientifically quantifies and automates the method for judging the working state of the monitored object. The system is networked by utilizing an ultra-low power consumption wireless communication technology, and automatic preventive maintenance of various electromechanical devices such as household appliances, automobiles and the like is realized at low cost; the system can be used for real-time remote monitoring of bridge and tunnel roads, particularly highway, urban road safety and building construction safety. The battery is small in size, does not work at ordinary times, works only after external force is activated, has long service life, can be installed or embedded in a monitored object, and can be widely used in various industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to automatic testing and analysis of natural frequencies of a certain part or a whole body of a person, electromechanical equipment, a building and the like, relates to an association relation between the natural frequency change and the health state or the working state of a monitored object, and relates to a low-power-consumption wireless communication technology.
Background
Human health, preventive maintenance of electromechanical equipment, buildings and the like have become important research directions in the application field of the current internet of things. It relates to how to utilize various sensors to monitor human health, the running state of electromechanical equipment and the safety condition of buildings in real time. Besides general temperature, current, voltage, pressure, flow, stress strain and other sensors, the forced vibration frequency of the whole or specific part of the monitored object is a good index which can reflect whether the monitored object is healthy or not and whether the building safety state changes or not. Just like the traditional Chinese medicine senses the vibration frequency spectrum of blood vessels in a pulse feeling mode, doctors monitor the heart beating through hearing aids, railway workers monitor the echo of knocking tracks, old workers judge whether electromechanical equipment normally operates by monitoring the vibration noise of the electromechanical equipment in operation, the traditional analog quantity empirical sensing mode is adopted by the old workers, and the old workers cannot quantize and digitize the electromechanical equipment more accurately and scientifically. The tension of the strings is directly related to the vibration frequency of the strings, the vibration frequency of the metal rod is related to the length of the free section of the metal rod, cracks of a building can cause the change of the natural vibration frequency of the related part, and the softness and settlement of a roadbed below an urban road can cause the change of the vibration frequency spectrum of the related structure. Therefore, by detecting the change of the vibration frequency spectrum of the metal rod of the scaffold, people can know whether the fixing fastener is loosened, and by detecting the change of the natural vibration frequency spectrum of the key part of the bridge, the change of the vibration frequency spectrum of the rail can know whether potential safety hazards exist or not.
Although various instruments for measuring vibration spectrum are available on the market in the detection of electromechanical devices and buildings, they are generally large in size and consume a large amount of power. And often arrange the staff to carry test equipment to the scene temporarily according to the on-the-spot needs and monitor the monitoring object. Except for special conditions, the frequency spectrum testing device is difficult to be used as a tool for monitoring the running state of the device for a long time and is fixedly arranged on a monitored object for a long time. For the object to be monitored, which is living or has a long service life, to realize the so-called "predictive maintenance", a low-cost intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, such as a pulse condition sensor for monitoring the health of a human body, is needed, which can monitor the forced vibration spectrum change of a certain part of the object to be monitored, which is closely related to whether the object to be monitored works normally or not at any time.
The sensor has the advantages of small size, low cost and low power consumption of battery drive; and the system also has certain data processing capacity, screens and simplifies the measured vibration data, and can upload the data to a background management computer in real time through a network. And no intelligent sensor which is generally and urgently needed exists in the market at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a system (fig. 1) for automatically monitoring a person (living body), an electromechanical device and a building in real time by using an intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, the system includes at least one intelligent vibration spectrum sensor (hereinafter referred to as spectrum sensor) with low cost and low power consumption, a gateway reader-writer capable of performing low power consumption wireless communication with the spectrum sensor, a background management computer connected with the gateway reader-writer, and an electromechanical device control switch capable of communicating with the gateway reader-writer; the spectrum sensor (figure 2) is composed of a wireless transceiver unit, one or more sensor units (hereinafter referred to as vibration measurement units) capable of measuring the vibration spectrum of the forced vibration of the monitored object under the action of external force, a vibration sensor switch and a singlechip, which are mutually connected; the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor is generally powered by a battery or solar energy and is directly arranged on a monitored object or embedded in a building; the vibration measuring unit in the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor does not work normally, when a monitored object is forced to vibrate under the action of external force, the monitored object enters a working state after being started by a vibration sensor switch activated by the vibration of the external force, then the forced vibration frequency spectrum generated by the monitored object is measured according to a preset mode, and a measuring result or a processed measuring result is stored and is waited to be read by a gateway reader-writer or is directly transmitted to a background management computer through the gateway reader-writer; the gateway reader-writer can be in low-power-consumption wireless communication with the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, is connected with the background management computer in a wired or wireless mode, and can be installed at a fixed position and also can be installed on mobile equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles, vehicles and the like.
The background management computer stores mathematical models corresponding to the working state and health condition of a monitoring object and the forced vibration frequency spectrum of a specific 'life' period (age of people and equipment freshness) of a specific monitored object, including a specific living body, a specific building, a specific part of a building or a specific model of electromechanical equipment. By using the mathematical model, the background management computer can compare the difference between the forced vibration frequency spectrum of the monitored object obtained by actual measurement and the forced vibration frequency spectrum of the normal state under the action of external force (heartbeat of people, driving of a motor, vibration of a roadbed and a bridge caused by passing of a vehicle), and if necessary, refer to other sensor information (temperature, current, blood pressure and the like) related to the working state of the monitored object to diagnose the working state and the health condition of the monitored object, adopt predictive maintenance measures or perform health care treatment, and can timely close the electromechanical equipment with problems or timely send a patient to a hospital for treatment by controlling a switch through a gateway reader-writer and the electromechanical equipment.
The spectrum sensor of the invention also has the following features: the system has the advantages of low cost, small volume and low power consumption of battery driving, and can be in real-time two-way communication connection with a management computer in a low-power wireless communication mode. In order to reduce the data volume uploaded by the sensor in a wireless mode, the frequency spectrum sensor can also preprocess the acquired vibration data, perform Fourier transform on the directly measured time domain vibration data to obtain a vibration frequency spectrum, screen out vibration frequency points closely related to the working state of a monitored object and the amplitude thereof, and find out the difference between the vibration frequency points and the vibration frequency spectrum of the monitored object in a normal working state, wherein the difference mainly refers to the change of the amplitudes of a plurality of main vibration frequency points closely related to the working state of the monitored object or/and the appearance of new vibration frequency points with larger amplitudes due to the sudden structural change of the monitored object.
The frequency spectrum sensor is also provided with a vibration sensor switch capable of sensing the action of external force, and when the monitored object generates vibration under the action of external force, the vibration sensor switch is activated. For external force action with different properties, such as vibration generated by a motor in long-term operation, vibration generated by a vehicle passing frequently and the like, at this time, a vibration sensor switch may be activated frequently, and in order to reduce power consumption, the vibration sensor switch determines to start (the activated time interval is greater than the set time interval) or not start (the activated time interval is less than the set time interval) a vibration measuring unit in a spectrum sensor according to a preset time interval of vibration spectrum measurement of a monitored object by a background management computer, so that the vibration measuring unit enters a working state for measuring the vibration spectrum of the monitored object from a non-working state; after the vibration measuring unit is started, the vibration measuring unit stops working after a section of vibration frequency spectrum which is as short as possible but enough to analyze the working state of the monitored object is measured, and waits for being started next time.
In addition, the wireless transceiver unit in the spectrum sensor is controlled by an internal clock, and adopts a low-power-consumption working mode that the wireless transceiver unit periodically sleeps (the sleeping period is generally a few seconds), monitors signals on a preassigned frequency channel for a moment after waking up, and waits for receiving working instruction signals sent by a gateway. The wireless transceiver unit in the spectrum sensor monitors the instruction signal sent by the gateway reader-writer after waking up according to a preset sleep cycle, and periodically (generally, a long cycle) actively sends heartbeat packet information to the background management computer through the gateway reader-writer, and normally does not actively send any radio frequency signal outwards, and only when the vibration spectrum variation closely related to the working state of a monitored object, which is measured by the spectrum sensor, exceeds a preset alarm threshold value, the spectrum sensor actively uploads alarm information to the background management computer in time, including immediate transmission, or when the spectrum sensor temporarily fails to establish communication with the gateway reader-writer, the wireless transceiver unit repeatedly sends the heartbeat packet information according to a proper frequency or sends the heartbeat packet information along with timing to the background management computer.
When the background management computer needs to actively communicate with the spectrum sensor, for example, an instruction for acquiring vibration spectrum data of a monitored object is issued to the background management computer, or an instruction for changing a preset time interval for acquiring the vibration spectrum data of the monitored object by the background management computer is changed, a sleep wakeup period of the wireless communication unit, working channel transmitting power and the like are changed, the gateway reader-writer continuously and uninterruptedly and repeatedly sends a radio frequency wakeup signal (fig. 3) or working instruction information to the spectrum sensor within a period of time longer than the sleep wakeup period of the spectrum sensor, and communication is established with the spectrum sensor at the moment of catching a sleep wakeup monitoring signal of the spectrum sensor, so that information exchange is realized.
In order to shorten the monitoring working time after the spectrum sensor wakes up and achieve the purpose of saving power, at the moment after the spectrum sensor wakes up in sleep, the spectrum sensor only monitors a radio frequency signal in a preset time window, and the length of the time window is specified in such a way that in the time window, a signal received by a wireless transceiver in the spectrum sensor is enough to enable the wireless transceiver to judge whether the signal is an effective radio frequency signal capable of carrying out wireless digital communication with the wireless transceiver through the radio frequency characteristics of the signal, such as frequency, a modulation mode, a coding mode and the like. For example, whether the signal is a preamble signal preset by both communication parties, or has the radio frequency characteristics of 1 to 2 "0" or "1" bit signals specified by both communication parties in wireless digital communication, so that the wireless transceiver can judge whether it is necessary to extend the signal receiving time to receive and analyze a complete work instruction signal packet.
If any signal which meets the radio frequency characteristics is not monitored, including when no signal is monitored, or the monitoring time is prolonged to exceed a preset value, the spectrum sensor immediately enters a sleep state after the fixed monitoring time period is ended, and the monitoring is repeated until the spectrum sensor wakes up next time. (FIG. 4)
It should be noted that the spectrum sensor is generally powered by a battery, and may be powered externally in some cases. When the external power supply mode is adopted, the wireless transceiver unit in the spectrum sensor can be in a receiving state all the time and waits for a working instruction from the background management computer. However, when the battery is used for power supply, the above-mentioned periodic sleep mode and the low-power-consumption working mode of monitoring signals for a moment after waking up must be adopted: and a vibration measuring unit in the spectrum sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of an intelligent vibration spectrum sensor automatic monitoring system;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an intelligent vibration spectrum sensor structure and operation
Figure 3 is an illustration of the operation of a wireless transceiver unit by first listening for a wake-up signal
FIG. 4 illustrates a manner in which a wireless transceiver unit directly detects a "0" or "1" RF signature in a work order signal
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Preventive maintenance of various electromechanical devices including home electric vehicles: before the electromechanical device leaves the factory, a manufacturer fixedly installs one or more intelligent frequency spectrum vibration sensors at proper positions of the electromechanical device, measures vibration frequency spectrums of the electromechanical device under different working modes and normal working conditions under different working environment conditions according to different models of the electromechanical device, generates abnormal-running vibration frequency spectrums for various reasons including abnormal operation of a user and the like, and if necessary, additionally installs information of other sensors including current, voltage, temperature and the like on the electromechanical device (the sensors can be connected with the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensors in the same electromechanical device in a wired mode or connected with a gateway reader-writer through an independent micropower wireless transceiver unit), and establishes corresponding mathematical models. The mathematical model also improves the accumulation of relevant data. When the equipment deviates from the normal condition due to various reasons, a manufacturer can find out the reasons through a related mathematical model and process the reasons in time to solve the problems before the faults occur, so that the preventive maintenance of the electromechanical equipment is realized, the service life of the electromechanical equipment is prolonged, better use experience is provided for users, and the most valuable data information is also accumulated for the development of new products. Because the electromechanical device always has the action of driving external force like a motor when running, the frequency spectrum sensor is in an activated state at any time, and therefore, the frequency spectrum sensor adopts the working mode of timing starting by an internal clock.
Because the wireless transceiver unit in the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor installed in each electromechanical device has a unique identity number, the wireless transceiver unit is an active electronic tag which can carry out low-power consumption wireless remote communication with a gateway reader-writer or a handheld reader-writer at any time, and therefore automatic tracking management of the electromechanical devices in the logistics process can be easily realized.
The monitoring of the safety of bridge tunnels, highways and urban roads also requires that the spectrum sensors are pre-installed or buried in the surface of the monitored buildings in a shallow manner at appropriate positions of the bridge tunnels and highways, at least micro-antennas of wireless transceiving units of the spectrum sensors are exposed outside, and batteries used by the spectrum sensors are convenient to replace (ordinary button batteries are used for replacing once a few years, and certainly solar batteries or other batteries for generating electric energy by utilizing vibration energy can be used for supplying power), and at the same time, a gateway reader-writer (which can use solar energy for supplying power) is also required to be installed at certain distances (generally 500 plus 1000 meters) along the railway roads and at appropriate positions of the bridge tunnels, so that the spectrum sensors are connected with a management computer through the gateway reader-writer, and in places without mobile network signals, besides adopting L DSW wireless sensing network technology for transmitting information (see patent document: CN 108566687A), unmanned aerial vehicles with gateway readers or running train cars can be used, and when the spectrum sensors pass through a monitoring area of the spectrum sensors, the spectrum sensors can acquire information in a wake-up mode of acquiring information including normal work information and heartbeat packages.
Similarly, before the system can work formally, a related mathematical model is established in advance through a manual test method as in the electromechanical equipment monitoring system. The monitoring system not only greatly reduces the workload of manual inspection, but also greatly improves the safety of bridge and tunnel road operation.
Monitoring human health and emotion: installing a spectrum sensor in a wearable device, such as a general bracelet or a bracelet that can be tightened properly when measuring pulse; a gateway reader-writer is installed in a home, a hospital, a nursing home where a monitored object is located, and special work places where emotions and the like of the monitored object need to be monitored in real time, such as fire fighters, aircraft and long-distance passenger and freight car drivers and the like; similarly, it is also necessary to establish mathematical models for different specific groups, including patients in different age stages, patients with different diseases, different sexes, different professions, different heights and weights, etc., establishing pulse (blood vessel vibration spectrum at wrist), and assisting with reference characteristic information such as body temperature, blood pressure, blood test results, etc., relating to real-time health conditions of the monitored subject, including disease development stages (early stage, middle stage or late stage, etc.) and emotion of the monitored subject. The health condition of the monitored object is diagnosed and judged by using the mathematical model, the pulse condition (vibration frequency spectrum) information measured in real time and other physical sign information such as body temperature, blood pressure and the like. Telling the monitored object about the current physical condition and possible health hidden dangers needing attention; particularly, for a large number of retired old people, the condition of 'seeing a doctor conveniently or not' does not need to be used as an essential condition for selecting a living place. Because "big data doctors" are monitoring their health for 24 hours without interruption, alerting them to health problems, and, whenever any precursor information is available indicating a possible "attack," big data doctors "will timely notify them to take precautionary measures in advance, whether they need to attend their medical service as soon as possible, including leaving scenic and fresh air" remote areas "in advance, and contacting and scheduling relevant medical institutions and specific doctors to interface with them in advance.
The invention has obvious social and economic significance, and scientifically, digitally and automatically carries out various traditional diagnosis methods depending on experience and feeling, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and the accuracy of diagnosis, greatly reducing the cost of diagnosis and being widely applied to various industries.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic monitoring system of an intelligent vibration spectrum sensor is characterized by comprising at least one intelligent vibration spectrum sensor with a unique identity number, a gateway reader-writer capable of carrying out low-power consumption wireless communication with the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, a background management computer connected with the gateway reader-writer, and an electromechanical equipment control switch capable of communicating with the gateway reader-writer; the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor consists of wireless transceiver units, one or more vibration measuring units, a vibration sensor switch and a singlechip, wherein the wireless transceiver units are connected with one another; the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor can be powered by a battery or solar energy and is directly arranged on a monitored object; under the condition that a monitored object is forced to vibrate under the action of external force, a vibration measuring unit in the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor enters a working state after being started through a vibration sensor switch activated by the vibration of the external force, then measures a forced vibration frequency spectrum generated by the monitored object according to a preset mode, stores a measuring result or a processed measuring result, waits for a gateway reader-writer to read, or directly transmits the measuring result or the processed measuring result to a background management computer through the gateway reader-writer; the gateway reader-writer is a reading-writing device which can be in low-power consumption wireless communication with the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor and is connected with a background management computer in a wired or wireless mode, and the gateway reader-writer can be installed at a fixed position and can also be installed on mobile equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles, vehicles and the like; the background management computer stores a mathematical model corresponding to the vibration frequency spectrum of the forced vibration of the monitored object and the working state of the monitored object, and by using the mathematical model, the background management computer can compare the difference between the forced vibration frequency spectrum obtained by actual measurement and the forced vibration frequency spectrum in a normal state under the action of external force of the monitored object, and can diagnose the working state of the monitored object by referring to other sensor information related to the working state of the monitored object if necessary, and can perform timely remote switch control on the electromechanical equipment through a gateway reader-writer and the electromechanical equipment control switch if necessary.
2. The automatic monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the forced vibration spectrum is a vibration spectrum related to whether the working state of the monitored object is normal or not when forced vibration occurs under the action of external force exerted on the monitored object for a long time or a short time; the mathematical model corresponding to the vibration frequency spectrum of the forced vibration of the monitored object and the working state of the monitored object aims at a specific monitored object, including a specific living body, a specific building, or a specific part of the building, or a specific model of electromechanical equipment, and specific 'living' time periods in which the specific monitored object and the specific building are positioned; the difference between the forced vibration frequency spectrum obtained by actual measurement and the forced vibration frequency spectrum in the normal working state of the forced vibration frequency spectrum includes, but is not limited to, the change of the amplitudes of several main vibration frequency points closely related to the working state of the monitored object in the vibration frequency spectrum, or/and the appearance of a new vibration frequency point with larger amplitude.
3. The automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the vibration measuring unit of the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor enters into the working state after being started by the vibration sensor switch activated by the external force vibration when the monitored object is forced to vibrate under the external force, and then measures the forced vibration spectrum generated by the monitored object according to the predetermined mode, which means that the working time of the vibration measuring unit after each activation is a period of time as short as possible but enough to measure the vibration spectrum capable of analyzing the working state of the monitored object, the external force is an external force acting on the monitored object for a long time or frequently, such as the periodic acting force generated by the motor in operation, and the frequency of the activation of the vibration sensor switch exceeds the frequency of the background management computer according to the working characteristics of the monitored object, and when the preset vibration frequency spectrum is measured frequently, the vibration sensor switch is not activated or the vibration measuring unit in the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor is not started after the activation.
4. The automatic monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless transceiver unit is normally in a periodic sleep state, monitors a low power consumption state of a moment of radio frequency signals from the gateway reader/writer after waking up, and waits at any time for receiving instruction information from the background management computer through the gateway reader/writer, including but not limited to instruction information for changing the working mode of the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, acquiring vibration spectrum information of a monitored object stored in the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, or reflecting vibration spectrum difference information of the monitored object deviating from a normal state; when the gateway reader-writer needs to communicate with the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, the gateway reader-writer continuously and repeatedly sends a working instruction signal or a radio frequency wake-up signal to the micro wireless transceiver unit within a time period which is larger than a sleep wake-up period of the micro wireless transceiver in the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, grasps an instant of monitoring the signal after the wireless transceiver unit wakes up, establishes communication contact with the wireless transceiver unit and exchanges information with the wireless transceiver unit.
5. The wireless transceiver unit of claim 4, wherein the length of time for the moment when the micro wireless transceiver unit listens for the operation command signal from the gateway reader after waking up is a fixed time window as short as possible, and within the fixed time window, the micro wireless transceiver unit is sufficient to determine from the radio frequency characteristics of the received radio frequency signal, including but not limited to the encoding characteristics of the radio frequency signal, that a gateway reader capable of communicating with the micro wireless transceiver unit is sending a signal, and it is necessary to extend the listening time window to receive a complete operation command signal packet and parse the command signal packet according to a predetermined communication protocol: if the work instruction signal packet is irrelevant to it, it will immediately return to a low power consumption state of monitoring signals for a moment after periodic sleep wakeup; if the working instruction signal packet needs to execute a certain task, the working instruction signal packet returns to a low power consumption state of monitoring signals for a moment after periodically sleeping and awakening after finishing the task specified by the instruction signal packet; if the extended monitoring time exceeds the preset limit value, a complete work instruction signal packet still cannot be received, and the system also returns to a low power consumption state of monitoring signals for a moment after the periodic sleep wakeup.
6. An automatic monitoring method of an intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor utilizes an intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor with a unique identity number and a low-power consumption wireless communication function, a mathematical model corresponding to the working state of the vibration frequency spectrum of a specific monitored object when forced vibration occurs under the action of external force, and if necessary, other sensor information related to the working state of other monitored objects is referred to diagnose whether the monitored object deviates from the normal working state; the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor is a micro sensor which can be powered by a battery and is fixedly arranged on a monitored object, the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor does not work at ordinary times, the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor can be activated and started under the condition that the monitored object generates forced vibration under the action of external force, then the forced vibration frequency spectrum generated by the monitored object is measured according to a preset mode, the forced vibration frequency spectrum is compared with the forced vibration frequency spectrum when the monitored object is in a normal working state, the difference between the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor and the monitored object is found out, if the difference between the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor and the monitored object exceeds the normal working range of the monitored object defined by the mathematical model, the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor transmits the difference information to a background management computer through a gateway reader-writer which can be communicated with the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor and is connected with the background management computer, and if necessary, the background management computer can also pass through the gateway reader-writer and an electromechanical equipment control switch which can be communicated with the gateway reader, carrying out remote on-off control on electromechanical equipment deviating from a normal working state in time; and if the difference information cannot be transmitted to the background management computer through the gateway reader-writer for a while, the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor stores the difference information and transmits the difference information to the background management computer after the gateway reader-writer can establish communication with the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor.
7. The automatic monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein the forced vibration spectrum is a vibration spectrum related to whether the working state of the monitored object is normal or not when forced vibration occurs under the action of external force exerted on the monitored object for a long time or a short time; the mathematical model corresponding to the vibration frequency spectrum of the forced vibration of the monitored object and the working state of the monitored object aims at a specific monitored object, including a specific living body, a specific building, or a specific part of the building, or a specific model of electromechanical equipment, and specific 'living' time periods in which the specific monitored object and the specific building are positioned; the difference between the forced vibration frequency spectrum obtained by actual measurement and the forced vibration frequency spectrum in the normal working state of the forced vibration frequency spectrum includes, but is not limited to, the change of the amplitudes of several main vibration frequency points closely related to the working state of the monitored object in the vibration frequency spectrum, or/and the appearance of a new vibration frequency point with larger amplitude.
8. The automatic monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor is activated to start only when the monitored object is forced to vibrate under the action of external force, and then measures the forced vibration spectrum generated by the monitored object according to a predetermined manner, which means that a vibration sensor switch is further provided in the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor enters the working state of measuring the forced vibration spectrum of the monitored object after being activated by the vibration sensor switch activated by the vibration of the external force, the time required for measuring the working state of the vibration spectrum is a time required for measuring the vibration spectrum which is as short as possible but sufficient for analyzing the working state of the monitored object, and if the external force is an external force acting on the monitored object for a long time or frequently, such as periodic force generated by a motor in operation, etc., when the frequency of the external force activating the vibration sensor switch exceeds the preset vibration frequency spectrum measurement frequency according to the working characteristics of the monitored object by the background management computer, the vibration sensor switch is not activated or the vibration measurement unit in the intelligent vibration frequency spectrum sensor is not started after the external force activating the vibration sensor switch.
9. The automatic monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein the low power consumption wireless communication unit in the battery-powered intelligent vibration spectrum sensor capable of performing low power consumption wireless communication is normally in a periodic sleep state, monitors a low power consumption state from the gateway reader-writer working instruction signal for a moment after waking up, waits for receiving instruction information from the background management computer through the gateway reader-writer at any time, including but not limited to instruction information for changing the working mode of the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, collects vibration spectrum information of the monitored object stored in the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, and the vibration spectrum difference information reflecting deviation of the monitored object from the normal state; when the gateway reader-writer needs to communicate with the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, the gateway reader-writer continuously and repeatedly sends work instruction information or radio frequency wake-up signals to the micro wireless transceiver unit within a time period which is larger than a sleep wake-up period of the micro wireless transceiver in the intelligent vibration spectrum sensor, grasps an instant of monitoring signals after the low-power-consumption wireless communication unit wakes up, establishes communication with the micro wireless transceiver unit and exchanges information with the micro wireless transceiver unit.
10. The low power consumption wireless communication unit of claim 9, wherein the low power consumption wireless communication unit in the battery powered intelligent vibration spectrum sensor capable of low power consumption wireless communication, after waking up, monitors the time length of an instant of the working instruction signal from the gateway reader/writer, is a fixed time window as short as possible, and within the fixed time window, the micro wireless transceiver unit is sufficient to judge through the radio frequency characteristics of the received radio frequency signal, including but not limited to the coding characteristics of the radio frequency signal, that a gateway reader/writer capable of communicating with the micro wireless transceiver unit is sending a signal, and it needs to extend the monitoring time window to receive a complete working instruction signal packet and analyze the instruction signal packet according to the preset communication protocol: if the work instruction signal packet is irrelevant to it, it will immediately return to a low power consumption state of monitoring signals for a moment after periodic sleep wakeup; if the working instruction signal packet needs to execute a certain task, the working instruction signal packet returns to a low power consumption state of monitoring signals for a moment after periodically sleeping and awakening after finishing the task specified by the instruction signal packet; if the extended monitoring time exceeds the preset limit value, a complete work instruction signal packet still cannot be received, and the system also returns to a low power consumption state of monitoring signals for a moment after the periodic sleep wakeup.
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