CN111397222A

CN111397222A - Photovoltaic-photothermal device

Info

Publication number: CN111397222A
Application number: CN202010321847.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高峰; 刘在祥; 陈艳红; 朱涛; 蔡园丰; 王兵; 牛争艳
Original assignee: Shanghai Xingye Material Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Xingye Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-22
Filing date: 2020-04-22
Publication date: 2020-07-10

Abstract

The application relates to a photovoltaic-photothermal device, comprising: the heat collecting device comprises a base frame, a water running tank fixed on the base frame and a heat collecting pipe connected with the base frame; the heat collecting tube includes: the vacuum tube body consists of an inner tube and an outer tube which are coaxially fixed, a heat absorption coating coated on the wall of the inner tube, and a heat conducting rod and an aluminum foil which are movably arranged in the inner tube and are mutually connected; the heat conducting rod comprises a heat conducting rod extending end which extends out of the inner pipe and is inserted into the water tank; the heat conducting rod extends to be fixedly inserted into the water tank in a sealing mode, the vacuum tube body is rotatably connected with the base frame, a photovoltaic plate which rotates along with the vacuum tube body is fixedly connected to the radial outer side portion of the vacuum tube body, and the photovoltaic plate is provided with a photovoltaic working face which deviates from the heat collecting tube. The device combines together photovoltaic power generation and light and heat heating, can select photovoltaic or light and heat mode as required, promotes the utilization ratio to solar energy.

Description

Photovoltaic-photothermal device

Technical Field

The present application relates to photovoltaic-photothermal devices, and more particularly to photovoltaic-photothermal devices that can achieve photovoltaic-photothermal switching.

Background

Solar energy, as a renewable energy source, has been widely used, such as photovoltaic power generation, photo-thermal heating, photo-thermal power generation, etc., and solar energy is also a main direction for developing green energy in the future. Two technical approaches for utilizing solar energy exist: namely, the technical products of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating have been popularized in every country around the world. The solar power generation device and the heating device in the prior art are two devices which are separately arranged, and the photovoltaic utilization and the photo-thermal utilization of solar energy respectively have advantages and disadvantages, so that the solar power generation device and the heating device have the problem that the solar power generation device and the heating device cannot be simultaneously installed, namely, only power generation can be carried out but not heating or only heating but not power generation can be carried out, so that the advantages of the solar power generation device and the heating device cannot be complemented, the heating and the power generation cannot be simultaneously carried out, and the full and efficient utilization of the.

When pure photovoltaic power generation is carried out, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, the conversion efficiency is generally 12% -17% of the solar energy radiation amount, namely about 83% of solar energy irradiated on the surface of a photovoltaic panel cannot be utilized and converted, a considerable part of energy is converted into heat energy to be lost, and meanwhile, the generated heat energy can also increase the temperature of the photovoltaic panel to cause the reduction of the cell efficiency and further reduce the photoelectric conversion rate; therefore, the problems of low conversion rate and much solar energy loss exist in pure photovoltaic power generation.

When the solar water heater is used for heating by pure light and heat, like a common solar water heater, the light and heat conversion efficiency is high and is generally more than 50% of the radiation quantity of solar energy, however, the problem exists that the household bathing needs not daily, so that hot water generated in most days is wasted after being placed, and particularly for the school provided with the solar water heating system, the solar water heating system meets the use requirements of students in the study starting period, but is in the cold and hot days in a longer period, and the illumination quantity is the largest at the moment, so that the water heater is placed in a state of no use by people, and the energy waste is caused; in addition, for a solar hot water heating system, the efficiency of a winter heating and photo-thermal heating device is much higher than that of a photovoltaic power generation heating device, for example, a house with 100 square meters is heated in winter, for example, a photovoltaic power generation device with 50 square meters is installed, the power generation energy in a fine day cannot meet the requirement, for example, a photo-thermal utilization device with 50 square meters is installed, the absorbed heat energy can completely meet the requirement through hot water heating, however, the house is generally heated only in winter, the heating time is about three months, most of the rest time is in a shelf state, the collected heat energy is useless, and the waste is useless; therefore, the problems of low use frequency and long standing and swaying-stopping period exist in the pure photo-thermal heating.

As described above, the existing two utilization methods of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating of solar energy, which are based on the above problems, respectively, result in insufficient utilization of solar energy, the products based on solar energy are not yet popularized or applied in a large scale in the market at present, the unique properties of solar energy as clean, readily available and inexhaustible are not well developed and utilized, and the product disadvantages of the utilization of solar energy technology are more prominent and more serious due to the shortage of people in the application and research and development of solar energy technology, and similar products such as solar water heaters are even abandoned in the market, so that the utilization technology of solar energy needs to be urgently updated in the face of the current energy crisis and the pursuit of cleanness and no pollution.

However, in practice, the combination of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating is a difficult technical problem to overcome, and there are many technical problems to be overcome in the combination of the two, which are also determined by the current basic equipment of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating: because the photovoltaic panel is mostly a flat complete panel, the photothermal device is mostly arranged heat collecting tubes, the photovoltaic panel and the heat collecting tubes cannot be combined and cooperate together to make up the respective defects of the two technologies, the solar energy is utilized to the maximum, and two gains of hot water and electric power cannot be obtained simultaneously; therefore, the photovoltaic-photothermal device capable of realizing photovoltaic-photothermal switching has important significance, and has innovation significance for the solar energy recycling and the product application in family life.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem that this application will solve is: the photovoltaic-photothermal device capable of realizing photovoltaic-photothermal switching is provided, photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating are combined, power generation or heating can be selected according to needs, and the utilization rate of solar energy is greatly improved.

The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

a photovoltaic-photothermal device comprising:

a base frame, a plurality of fixing holes are arranged on the base frame,

a water tank fixed on the base frame, an

A heat collecting tube connected with the base frame;

the heat collecting tube includes:

a vacuum tube body formed by an inner tube and an outer tube which are coaxially fixed,

a heat absorbing coating attached to the wall of the inner tube, an

The heat conducting rod and the aluminum foil are movably arranged in the inner pipe and are mutually connected;

the heat conducting rod comprises a heat conducting rod extending end which extends out of the inner pipe and is inserted in the water tank;

the heat conducting rod extends to be fixedly inserted into the water tank in a sealing mode, the vacuum tube body is rotatably connected with the base frame, a photovoltaic plate which rotates along with the vacuum tube body is fixedly connected to the radial outer side portion of the vacuum tube body, and the photovoltaic plate is provided with a photovoltaic working face which deviates from the heat collecting tube.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the application also comprises the following preferable scheme:

the base frame is provided with a heat collecting pipe rear insertion hole and a heat collecting pipe front insertion hole, and two ends of the vacuum pipe body are respectively inserted in the heat collecting pipe rear insertion hole and the heat collecting pipe front insertion hole in a pivoting manner.

The base frame is provided with a heat collecting pipe rear insertion hole, the wall of the water tank is provided with a heat collecting pipe front insertion hole, and two ends of the vacuum pipe body are respectively inserted in the heat collecting pipe rear insertion hole and the heat collecting pipe front insertion hole in a pivoting manner.

The extending end of the heat conducting rod is in direct contact with water in the water running tank.

The heat collecting pipe heat collecting device is characterized in that a through hole which is coaxial with the heat collecting pipe front insertion hole is formed in the wall of the water flowing box in a penetrating mode, a heat conducting sleeve which is coaxial with the through hole and seals and blocks the through hole is fixedly arranged in the water flowing box, and the extending end of the heat conducting rod is inserted into the heat conducting sleeve.

The photovoltaic panels are arranged in parallel on the radial outer side of the vacuum tube body.

The thermal-collecting tube sets up two at least, the photovoltaic board sets up two at least, each the thermal-collecting tube is separated by parallel arrangement each other, each the equal parallel arrangement of photovoltaic board corresponds one the radial outside portion of thermal-collecting tube to every photovoltaic board all is less than the distance of this thermal-collecting tube and adjacent that thermal-collecting tube with the distance that corresponds a thermal-collecting tube.

The photovoltaic panel capable of rotating around the tube axis of each heat collecting tube is arranged on the radial outer side of each heat collecting tube in parallel.

Each heat collecting pipe is arranged in the same plane.

All the heat collecting pipes are arranged at equal intervals.

The width of each photovoltaic plate is equal to the distance between two adjacent heat collecting pipes.

The solar collector tube sets up two at least, the photovoltaic board sets up two at least, each the photovoltaic board equipartition is arranged in and is corresponded one the radial outside portion of collector tube, at least one wherein the rotatory route of photovoltaic board all passes through two adjacent that correspond interval space between the collector tube.

The vacuum tube body is coaxially and fixedly sleeved with a gear, and a motor which is in transmission connection with the gear to drive the gear to rotate is installed on the base frame.

The photovoltaic panel is towards that one side fixed connection reflector panel of thermal-collecting tube, the reflector panel has the orientation the reflection of light face of thermal-collecting tube.

The reflecting surface is a concave curved surface.

The light reflecting surface is an inwards concave cambered surface.

The photovoltaic panel and the reflector panel are cambered panels arranged around the heat collecting tube, and the photovoltaic panel and the reflector panel are attached to each other.

The photovoltaic working surface is an outer convex cambered surface.

The photovoltaic panel is an arc panel arranged around the heat collecting tube.

The photovoltaic panel is attached to the heat collecting tube.

The heat absorbing coating is attached to the outer tube wall of the inner tube.

The heat conducting rod is a heat pipe with a phase change material packaged in the heat conducting rod.

The application can realize the following beneficial effects:

1. the photovoltaic-photothermal device can realize the switching of photovoltaic-photothermal, changes the high-efficiency utilization mode of solar energy, combines the photovoltaic power generation and the photothermal heating, can select power generation or heating as required, realizes the full utilization of the solar energy, and has innovation significance for the ecological development mode of energy conservation, no pollution and sustainable development.

2. This application had both overcome the defect that independent photovoltaic power generation conversion efficiency is low, had overcome the defect that independent light heats the operating frequency not high again, shelved the period length of stopping pendulum, heat and carry out photovoltaic power generation when not using, combine together photovoltaic power generation and light and heat heating, realize that the electric power in the non-light and heat heating period produces and the heat output of non-photovoltaic power generation period, combine together the two, remedy each shortcoming, the biggest benefit that obtains energy output changes.

3. This application can realize turning to the tracking of sunshine, realizes dynamic adjustment, has improved unit heat collecting area's energy output, acquires the maximum light intensity, can make full use of photic area obtain more thermoelectric output like roof or building outer wall in the limited occasion of usable area.

4. The solar water heater can be directly applied to family life, hot water generated by photo-thermal heating meets the requirement of family bath, and direct current collected by photovoltaic power generation is stored and can be used by household appliances.

5. The photovoltaic board is arranged in the radial outside of thermal-collecting tube, only needs the width of reasonable selection photovoltaic board, alright make full use of directive thermal-collecting tube interval space's sunshine, sunshine area when promoting photovoltaic power generation.

6. The heat collecting tube is fixed with the base frame, and the photovoltaic panel is rotationally connected with the heat collecting tube. The problem of water leakage at the splicing part of the heat collecting pipe and the water tank can not occur, and the problems of deformation of the aluminum foil and scratching of the heat absorbing coating can also not occur.

7. The photovoltaic panel faces the fixed reflector on one side of the heat collecting tube, and the reflecting surface of the reflector faces the heat collecting tube, so that the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the photo-thermal mode is improved. Moreover, the photovoltaic and photothermal modes are frequently switched when the device is applied practically, the photovoltaic panel and the reflector panel are exposed to light in turn, the pollution speed of the photovoltaic working surface and the reflecting surface is slowed down, the reduction speed of the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the reduction speed of the reflecting efficiency of the reflector panel are slowed down, the photovoltaic working surface and the reflecting surface do not need to be cleaned frequently by a user, and the required maintenance frequency is low.

8. Fix photovoltaic board and reflector panel together, the two is mutually supported and works in turn respectively at photovoltaic and two kinds of modes of light and heat, need not to set up independent installation space for photovoltaic board and reflector panel respectively for still have fine compact structure degree when the device compromises photovoltaic light and heat function, it is very ingenious.

9. The reflecting surface of the reflector is an inwards concave curved surface, has a light gathering function, can reflect solar rays emitted to the space between adjacent heat collecting pipes to the heat collecting pipes as much as possible, improves the solar energy utilization rate, has higher temperature under the gathering action of the reflecting surface, improves the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the heat collecting pipes, and is beneficial to absorbing heat of external light rays by water flow or a heat absorbing coating in the pipes.

10. The reflector panel can rotate along with the photovoltaic board is together, under the light and heat mode, can adjust the angle of reflector panel according to sunshine shines angle to will the sunshine of any period in one day fully reflect to the collector tube, further promote solar energy utilization ratio.

11. The photovoltaic board adopts the cambered surface plate structure of arranging around the thermal-collecting tube, when increase photovoltaic working area for each thermal-collecting tube can be inseparabler (the booth) arrange, and then is favorable to reducing the size of this photovoltaic-light and heat device, promotes the whole photic area of device.

12. The photovoltaic panel and the reflector panel are both of cambered plate structures and are mutually attached and fixed together, so that light rays reflected to the heat collecting tubes by the reflector panel in a photo-thermal mode are improved, the reflection area and the photovoltaic working area are increased, and meanwhile, each heat collecting tube can be arranged more closely (at small intervals), so that the size of the photovoltaic-photo-thermal device is reduced, the integral light receiving area of the device is improved, and the photovoltaic-photo-thermal device is quite ingenious.

13. Only the extending end of the heat conducting rod of the heat collecting tube is fixedly inserted into the water tank, the vacuum tube body formed by the inner tube and the outer tube is not fixed with the water tank and can rotate, and the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected with the vacuum tube body. When the photovoltaic solar collector works, the heat conducting rod is fixed, only the vacuum tube body formed by the inner tube and the outer tube is rotated, and the photovoltaic panel rotates along with the vacuum tube body to realize the switching of a photovoltaic-photothermal mode, so that the problem of water leakage is solved skillfully, and the heavy heat conducting rod is rotated without consuming large torque.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present application and are not limiting on the present application.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic-photothermal device in a photovoltaic state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic-photothermal device in a photothermal state according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a matching structure of the photovoltaic panel, the pivoting frame, the heat collecting tube and the synchronizing gear in the first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a photovoltaic panel, a connecting frame, a first form heat collecting tube and a synchronizing gear in the second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a photovoltaic panel, a connecting frame, a heat collecting tube of a second form and a synchronizing gear in the second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of a photovoltaic panel, a reflector panel and a heat collecting tube in the third embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of a photovoltaic panel, a reflector panel and a heat collecting tube in the fourth embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of a photovoltaic panel, a reflector panel and a heat collecting tube in the fifth embodiment of the present application.

Wherein:

the solar heat collector comprises a base frame 1, a water passing tank 2, a water inlet 2, a water outlet 2, six heat collecting pipes 3, an inner pipe 301, an outer pipe 302, a heat conducting rod 303, a photovoltaic panel 4, a synchronous gear 5, a bridge gear 6, a pivoting frame 7, a reflector 8, a connecting frame 9 and a heat conducting sleeve 10.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the described embodiments of the present application, belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this patent application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.

Embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

fig. 1 to 5 show a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the present application. The photovoltaic-photothermal device of the present embodiment also includes a base frame 1, and a water tank 2 and six heat collecting tubes 3 are fixedly disposed on the base frame 1, as with some existing photothermal devices (such as a solar water heater). The water flowing tank 2 is provided with a water inlet interface 2a and a water outlet interface 2b, and the water inlet interface 2a and the water outlet interface 2b are respectively connected with a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline in practical application, so that flowing water is introduced into the water flowing tank 2. One end of each heat collecting pipe 3 is inserted into the water tank (the matching part is sealed and does not leak water). In order to facilitate manufacture and assembly, the heat collecting pipes 3 are arranged in the same plane at equal intervals. The base frame 1 serves as a support carrier of the entire photovoltaic-photothermal device, for supporting the aforementioned water running tank 2 and heat collecting pipe 3, and various components described below, and defining the aforementioned plane. Of course, in some other embodiments of the present application, the heat collecting pipes 3 may be arranged at random intervals, and are not necessarily in the same plane.

The key improvement of the embodiment is as follows: the device is also provided with six photovoltaic panels 4 with the same number as the heat collecting tubes. These photovoltaic panels 4 are arranged one-to-one on the radially outer side of each collector tube, and each photovoltaic panel 4 can rotate around the corresponding collector tube. That is, the photovoltaic panels 4 are rotationally connected, but not rigidly connected, to the apparatus, and the axis of rotation of each photovoltaic panel 4 on the base frame 1 is exactly the tube axis of the corresponding collector tube 2.

By "radially outer portion" is meant that the photovoltaic panel is located on a radial side of the collector tube and not within the collector tube.

To facilitate the description of the technical solution of the present embodiment, if a unit formed by one heat collecting tube 3 and one photovoltaic panel 4 corresponding to each other in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is referred to as a photovoltaic-thermal unit, the photovoltaic-thermal device of the present embodiment has six photovoltaic-thermal units in total. In each photovoltaic-photothermal unit, the axis of rotation of the photovoltaic panel 4 on the base frame is exactly the tube axis of that collector tube 3 in that unit. Further, in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit, the photovoltaic panel 4 has an inner panel surface facing the unit heat collecting pipe 3 (i.e., the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel in fig. 5) and an outer panel surface facing away from the unit heat collecting pipe 3 (i.e., the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel in fig. 5), and the aforementioned outer panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 of the present embodiment is a photovoltaic working surface for receiving solar power generation.

It can be seen that, because the photovoltaic panel 4 can rotate around the heat collecting tube 3 on the base frame 1, the relative position of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 can be adjusted by rotating the photovoltaic panel 4. When the heat collecting tube 3 is required to absorb light energy to obtain heat, the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotated to the backlight side (the side deviating from the sunlight) of the heat collecting tube 3, and the heat collecting tube emits light and generates heat. When photovoltaic power generation is needed, the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotated to the light-facing side (i.e. the side facing the sunlight) of the heat collecting tube 3, at this time, the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 just faces the sunlight and is in a working state, and the photovoltaic panel 4 faces the light for power generation.

It can be seen that when the photovoltaic-photothermal device is in the photovoltaic power generation operating mode, the heat collecting tube 3 is located at the backlight side of the photovoltaic panel 4, sunlight is received and shielded by the photovoltaic panel 4 and cannot be emitted to the heat collecting tube 3, and the heat collecting tube 3 no longer absorbs heat to heat water in the water tank 2.

In practical application, the photothermal working mode and the photovoltaic working mode of the device can be flexibly selected according to requirements. Such as: after enough heat energy is obtained in the photo-thermal working mode, the photo-thermal working mode is switched to the photovoltaic working mode to generate electricity, so that solar energy is fully utilized to generate heat and generate electricity, the solar energy utilization efficiency is increased, the solar energy generation and the heat generation are integrated, and the space resource is saved.

In addition, in order to make the whole structure of the device more compact and reasonable, the photovoltaic plate 4 and the heat collecting pipe 3 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit are arranged in parallel in the present embodiment.

In order to avoid that the photovoltaic panel 4 touches the heat collecting tube 3 of the adjacent photovoltaic-photothermal unit when rotating, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 is limited by the heat collecting tube 3 in the adjacent photovoltaic-photothermal unit, the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit should be arranged as close as possible to each other. Generally, it is ensured that the distance between the photovoltaic plate 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit is smaller than the distance between the heat collecting tube 3 in the unit and the heat collecting tube in the adjacent unit. When the photovoltaic panel 3 rotates, the photovoltaic panel can penetrate through the gaps between the adjacent heat collecting pipes.

In fig. 1 and 2, six heat collecting tubes 3 and six photovoltaic panels 4 are arranged together, the six heat collecting tubes are arranged in the same plane at equal intervals in sequence, an interval space is formed between every two adjacent heat collecting tubes 3, and five interval spaces are formed by the six heat collecting tubes. Of the six photovoltaic panels 4, five photovoltaic panels (the left five photovoltaic panels in fig. 1 and 2) have rotational paths passing through the aforementioned five spaces, respectively. The rotation path of one photovoltaic panel 4 (the rightmost photovoltaic panel in fig. 1 and 2) passes through the right space of the rightmost heat collecting pipe 3. Thus, each photovoltaic panel 4 can be selectively rotated to the backlight surface or the light-facing surface of the corresponding heat collecting pipe 3.

In addition, in order to facilitate the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 4, the device of the present embodiment is further provided with a driving device in transmission connection with the photovoltaic panel to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate.

The driving device specifically includes: six synchronizing gears 5, six carrier gears 6 and a miniature motor (not shown in the figure). The six synchronizing gears 5 are fixed (indirectly fixed, described in detail below) to the six photovoltaic panels 5, respectively. The carrier gear 6 is in meshed connection with the synchronizing gear 5. The motor can directly drive any one of the six synchronous gears 5 and the six carrier gears 6, so that the linkage of all the synchronous gears 5 and all the carrier gears 6 can be realized, and each photovoltaic panel 4 can be in any preset orientation. "synchronization" in the synchronizing gear 5 means: under the drive of the motor, the rotation angles and the pitches of the six gears are completely consistent, so that the rotation angles and the pitches of the six photovoltaic panels 4 are completely consistent.

The motor is fixedly arranged on the base frame 1.

In addition, the present embodiment is also provided with a controller electrically connected to the above-described driving device to precisely control the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 by means of the controller. In this embodiment, the controller is specifically a motor controller connected to the motor circuit, and the motor controller indirectly adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel by controlling the rotation angle of the motor.

As already described above, in the present embodiment, each photovoltaic panel 4 is rotatably connected to the base frame 1. The rotational connection of these photovoltaic panels 4 to the base frame 1 is further described below:

each photovoltaic plate 4 is fixed with a pivoting frame 7, and the pivoting frame 7 is pivotally sleeved on the heat collecting tube 3. The pivoting frame 7 fixed on the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotatably sleeved on the heat collecting tube 3, and the heat collecting tube 3 is fixed with the base frame 1, so that the photovoltaic panel 4 is indirectly connected with the base frame 1 in a rotating manner.

Support bearings may be provided between the pivoting frame 7 and the heat collecting tube 3 to reduce friction.

The synchronous gear 5 is directly fixed on the pivoting frame 7 instead of the photovoltaic panel 4, and the synchronous gear 5 is indirectly fixed with the photovoltaic panel 4 because the pivoting frame 7 is fixed with the photovoltaic panel 4. The synchronous gear 5 drives the pivoting frame 7 to rotate, and the pivoting frame 7 drives the photovoltaic panel 4 to rotate relative to the base frame 1 and the heat collecting tube 3. The six synchronous gears 5 are respectively arranged coaxially with the six heat collecting pipes 3.

As already described above, the outer plate surface of the photovoltaic plate 4 facing away from the heat collecting tube 3 is a photovoltaic working surface capable of receiving sunlight for power generation, and the purpose of the photovoltaic working surface is to generate power when the photovoltaic plate 4 rotates to the position of the light facing surface of the heat collecting tube 3. When photovoltaic board 4 rotated to 3 shady surface positions of thermal-collecting tube, thermal-collecting tube 3 can not shelter from photovoltaic board 4 completely, still had some sunshine to shoot the interior face of photovoltaic board 4 from the thermal-collecting tube lateral part, for utilizing this part sunshine, we also can set up the interior face of photovoltaic board 4 into the photovoltaic working face equally, and the inside and outside face of photovoltaic board 4 all can be the photovoltaic working face promptly.

In order to maximize the light receiving areas of the photovoltaic panels 4 and the light reflecting panels 8, it is preferable that the width (linear width) of each photovoltaic panel 3 and each light reflecting panel 8 is as close as possible to the distance between two adjacent heat collecting tubes (tube axes). Thus, in the photovoltaic mode, at noon, the six photovoltaic panels 4 can be rotated into the same plane and are in close contact in sequence, fully receiving all the sunlight directed to the device, as shown in fig. 1; in the photothermal mode, at noon, the six light reflecting plates on the six photovoltaic panels 4 rotate to the other one in the same plane and are sequentially and tightly connected to fully reflect all the sunlight in the gaps of the heat collecting tubes, as shown in fig. 2.

It should be noted that the photovoltaic panel 4 may also be arranged on the side of only one or two of the heat collecting tubes 3, and the photovoltaic panel 4 does not need to be arranged on the side of each heat collecting tube 3.

Example two:

fig. 6 and 7 show a second preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-thermal device of the present application, which is substantially the same as the first embodiment except for the following: the heat collecting tube 3 is rotatably connected (instead of being fixedly connected in the first embodiment) on the base frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 in the same photovoltaic-photothermal unit are fixedly connected with each other through the connecting frame 9. When the photovoltaic panel 4 rotates on the base frame 1, the heat collecting tube 3 fixed with the photovoltaic panel 4 also rotates along with the photovoltaic panel. Naturally, when the heat collecting tube 3 rotates on the base frame 1, the photovoltaic panel 4 fixed with the heat collecting tube 3 also rotates along with the heat collecting tube 3.

The rotary connection structure of the heat collecting tube 3 and the base frame 1 is specifically as follows: the wall of the water tank 2 is provided with a heat collecting pipe front insertion hole, the base frame 1 is provided with a heat collecting pipe rear insertion hole, and two ends of the heat collecting pipe 3 are respectively inserted in the heat collecting pipe front insertion hole and the heat collecting pipe rear insertion hole in a pivoting manner. Because the water tank 2 is fixed with the base frame 1, the relative position of the front insertion hole of the heat collecting tube on the cavity wall of the water tank 2 and the base frame 1 is fixed, so that the heat collecting tube 3 which is pivotally inserted in the front insertion hole of the heat collecting tube can rotate (rotate) around the tube axis of the heat collecting tube relative to the base frame 1, and the pivotal connection of the heat collecting tube 3 and the base frame 1 is also realized.

The heat collecting tube 3 and the photovoltaic panel 4 in the same photovoltaic-photothermal unit are fixed to each other and can rotate on the base frame 1 around the same rotation axis (tube axis of the heat collecting tube), and the photovoltaic panel 4 can be selectively positioned on the backlight surface or the light facing surface of the heat collecting tube 3 by only adjusting the rotation angle of the heat collecting tube 3 and the photovoltaic panel 4.

In order to facilitate the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3, the driving device is configured in the embodiment and is in transmission connection with the heat collecting tube 3 to drive the heat collecting tube 3 to rotate. The drive device also includes: a plurality of synchronizing gears 5, a plurality of bridge gears and a micro motor. A plurality of synchronous gears 5 are respectively coaxially and fixedly sleeved on each heat collecting pipe 3. The carrier gear is meshed with the synchronous gear 5. The motor can directly drive any one of the plurality of synchronous gears 5 and the plurality of carrier gears, so that the linkage of all the synchronous gears 5 and all the carrier gears can be realized, and all the heat collecting pipes 3 and all the photovoltaic panels 4 are positioned at any preset position.

In the first embodiment, the heat collecting tube 3 is fixed to the base frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotatably connected to the heat collecting tube 3. In the second embodiment, the heat collecting tube 3 is rotatably connected with the base frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed with the heat collecting tube 3. The foregoing two ways can achieve switching between photovoltaic and photothermal operating modes, wherein the first embodiment is more preferable because:

the heat collecting pipe 3 can be generally divided into two structural forms of water running and water non-running, no matter the water running heat collecting pipe or the water non-running heat collecting pipe, the end part of the heat collecting pipe is required to be inserted into the water running tank 2, and strict sealing is required to be realized in order to prevent water from flowing out from the water running heat collecting pipe and the water non-running heat collecting pipe in a plug-in matching mode. If the fixed heat collecting pipe structure is adopted, the sealing of the splicing part of the heat collecting pipe and the water tank is static sealing, and water leakage is generally avoided. However, if the rotary heat collecting pipe structure of the second embodiment is adopted, the following problems exist:

for the heat collecting pipe with water leakage, as shown in fig. 6, the insertion joint of the heat collecting pipe and the water leakage tank is in dynamic seal, and if the heat collecting pipe is rotated frequently, the dynamic seal is easily damaged, which leads to water leakage.

The structure of the heat collecting pipe without water leakage is shown in fig. 7, and the heat collecting pipe comprises an inner pipe 301 and an outer pipe 302 which are coaxially fixed, and a hollow interlayer between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is vacuum. The outer wall of the inner tube is attached with a heat absorbing coating, and a heat conducting rod 303 made of metal and an aluminum foil (not shown) fixedly connected with the heat conducting rod are arranged in the inner tube. The aluminum foil is arranged in a manner of being attached to the inner wall of the inner pipe, and one end of the heat conducting rod (called as the extending end of the heat conducting rod) extends out of the inner pipe and is used for conducting heat to water in the water tank. The heat conducting rod 303 may be a hollow or solid structure, and the heat conducting rod 303 in fig. 7 is a heat pipe in which a phase change material is encapsulated. The photovoltaic panel 4 is located at the radial outer side of the vacuum tube body (i.e. the diameter of the heat collecting tube is outward), and the photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed with the vacuum tube body. If the inner tube, the outer tube and one end of the heat conducting rod of the heat collecting tube are all inserted into the water tank to be contacted with water, the problem that the dynamic seal is damaged and water leaks after the heat collecting tube rotates for a plurality of times is also solved. Therefore, for the heat collecting tube without water leakage shown in fig. 7, we propose that only the extending end of the heat conducting rod 303 of the heat collecting tube is "sealed and inserted" in the water leakage box 2 and fixed with the water leakage box 2, and the vacuum tube body formed by the inner tube and the outer tube is not inserted into the water leakage box 2 and is not fixed with the water leakage box 2. The sealing insertion means that the extending end of the heat conducting rod is inserted into the water tank and the joint of the heat conducting rod and the water tank is watertight, and the sealing insertion can be realized by adopting the two structural forms: 1) the extending end of the heat conducting rod inserted into the water tank 2 is directly contacted with the water in the water tank, and the sealing of the inserting position of the extending end of the heat conducting rod and the water tank 2 is kept by virtue of a sealing ring, so as to prevent water leakage; 2) As shown in figure 7, the heat conduction sleeve 10 fixed in the water tank is in indirect contact with water in the water tank for heat conduction, namely, the wall of the water tank is provided with a through hole coaxially arranged with a front plug hole of a heat conduction rod at the water tank, the open end of the heat conduction sleeve 10 is coaxially fixed with the through hole, the extending end of the heat conduction rod is inserted into the heat conduction sleeve, and the heat conduction sleeve seals and seals the through hole and is in direct contact with the water in the water tank. When the vacuum tube works, the heat conducting rod is fixed, and only the vacuum tube body formed by the inner tube and the outer tube is rotated, so that the water leakage problem can be avoided. However, when the aluminum foil fixed to the metal heat conducting rod is used, the aluminum foil may be deformed after a long-term use and may not maintain good contact with the inner wall of the inner tube.

From the above, for the heat collecting tube without water leakage shown in fig. 7, the heat conducting rod and the water flowing box 2 can be fixed in a sealing manner, the vacuum tube body rotates, and the photovoltaic plate and the vacuum tube body are fixedly connected and rotate along with the vacuum tube, so that the photovoltaic-photothermal switching operation is realized, and meanwhile, water leakage is also prevented. As described above, the water tank 2 and the base frame 1 are respectively provided with the front heat collecting tube insertion hole (coaxial with the through hole) and the rear heat collecting tube insertion hole, so that both ends of the vacuum tube body can be respectively inserted into the front heat collecting tube insertion hole and the rear heat collecting tube insertion hole in a pivoting manner, and the vacuum tube body can be pivotally connected to the base frame 1.

Certainly, the heat collecting tube inserting holes are not arranged on the wall of the water tank 2, but the heat collecting tube front inserting holes and the heat collecting tube rear inserting holes are all arranged on the base frame 1, and two ends of the vacuum tube body are respectively inserted into the heat collecting tube front inserting holes and the heat collecting tube rear inserting holes of the base frame 1 in a pivoting manner.

Example three:

fig. 8 shows a third preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-thermal device of the present application, which is also substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: this embodiment has been connected a reflector panel 8 at photovoltaic board 4 towards that one side fixed connection of thermal-collecting tube 3, and reflector panel 8 has the reflection of light face towards thermal-collecting tube 3.

When the photovoltaic-photothermal device is in a photothermal working mode, the photovoltaic panel 4 and the reflector 8 fixed on the photovoltaic panel are both turned to the backlight side of the heat collecting tube 3, at this time, the reflecting surface of the reflector 8 faces sunlight, and the sunlight rays incident from the side part of the heat collecting tube 3 can be emitted to the reflecting surface of the reflector 8 and projected to the corresponding heat collecting tube 3 after being reflected by the reflecting surface, so that the light receiving area of the heat collecting tube 3 is increased, and the heat collecting effect is enhanced. Under the condition, the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 is completely exposed in the environment and is easy to receive dust in the air to be polluted, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 is obviously reduced after a long time; the reflecting surface of the reflector 8 has certain concealment, is not easy to be polluted, and the reflecting efficiency is not reduced for a long time.

When the photovoltaic-photothermal device is in a photovoltaic working mode, the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate is exposed in the environment and is easy to receive dust in the air, and the reflecting efficiency of the reflecting plate is obviously reduced after a long time; the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 has certain concealment, is not easy to be polluted, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is not reduced for a long time.

When the photovoltaic-photothermal device is actually applied, the photovoltaic mode and the photothermal mode of the photovoltaic-photothermal device are frequently converted, and the photovoltaic panel and the reflector panel are exposed to light in turn, so that the reduction speed of the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the reduction speed of the reflection efficiency of the reflector panel are reduced, a user does not need to frequently clean the photovoltaic working surface and the reflection surface, and the maintenance frequency is low.

In this embodiment, the light reflecting surface of the light reflecting plate is an inward concave arc surface, and the curvature radius of the inward concave arc surface is larger than the radius of the heat collecting tube.

Example four:

fig. 9 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-thermal device of the present application, which has substantially the same structure as the third embodiment, except that: the reflector 8 and the photovoltaic panel 4 are both cambered plates arranged around the heat collecting tube 3.

The reflector 8 and the photovoltaic panel 4 are both arc panels and are arranged in close proximity.

The advantage of design like this has reduced the straight line width of reflector panel 8 and photovoltaic board 4 in the radial direction of thermal-collecting tube 3 to make each thermal-collecting tube 3 can be inseparabler (the booth) arrange, and then be favorable to reducing the size of this photovoltaic-light and heat device.

Example five:

fig. 10 shows a fifth preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-thermal device of the present application, which is also substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that: the photovoltaic panel 4 is a cambered panel arranged around the heat collecting tube 3.

The advantage of such design lies in for each thermal-collecting tube 3 can be inseparabler (the booth) the arrangement, and then is favorable to reducing the size of this photovoltaic-light and heat device, promotes the whole photic area of device.

In order to further reduce the size of the photovoltaic-photothermal device, in the embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 4 of the arc panel structure and the heat collecting tube 3 are coaxially arranged at a small distance, and even the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 can be completely attached together.

In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 4 of cambered plate structure, its face (for the evagination cambered surface) that deviates from thermal-collecting tube 3 one side all is the photovoltaic working face, and the area of photovoltaic working face equals that the photovoltaic panel is the face area of thermal-collecting tube that one side of back of the board.

The above are exemplary embodiments of the present application only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-photothermal device comprising:

a base frame, a plurality of fixing holes are arranged on the base frame,

a water tank fixed on the base frame, an

A heat collecting tube connected with the base frame;

the heat collecting tube includes:

a heat absorbing coating attached to the wall of the inner tube, an

the solar heat collector is characterized in that the extending end of the heat conducting rod is fixedly inserted into the water tank in a sealing mode, the vacuum tube body is rotatably connected with the base frame, a photovoltaic plate which rotates along with the vacuum tube body is fixedly connected to the radial outer side portion of the vacuum tube body, and the photovoltaic plate is provided with a photovoltaic working face which deviates from the heat collecting tube.

2. The photovoltaic-photothermal device according to claim 1 wherein the base frame is formed with a heat collecting tube rear insertion hole and a heat collecting tube front insertion hole, and both ends of the vacuum tube body are pivotally inserted into the heat collecting tube rear insertion hole and the heat collecting tube front insertion hole, respectively.

3. The photovoltaic-photothermal device according to claim 1 wherein a heat collecting tube rear insertion hole is formed in the base frame, a heat collecting tube front insertion hole is formed in a wall of the water tank, and both ends of the vacuum tube body are pivotally inserted into the heat collecting tube rear insertion hole and the heat collecting tube front insertion hole, respectively.

4. The pv-photothermal device according to claim 1 wherein the protruding end of said heat conducting rod is in direct contact with the water in said water receiving tank.

5. The photovoltaic-photothermal device according to claim 3, wherein a through hole coaxially arranged with the front insertion hole of the heat collecting tube is formed through the wall of the water flowing box, a heat conducting sleeve coaxially arranged with the through hole and sealing and plugging the through hole is fixedly arranged in the water flowing box, and the extending end of the heat conducting rod is inserted into the heat conducting sleeve.

6. The photovoltaic-photothermal device of claim 1 wherein said photovoltaic panel is disposed in parallel on a radially outer portion of said vacuum tube body.

7. The photovoltaic-photothermal device according to claim 6, wherein at least two of said heat collecting tubes are provided, at least two of said photovoltaic panels are provided, each of said heat collecting tubes are arranged in parallel at a distance from each other, each of said photovoltaic panels is arranged in parallel at a radial outer side portion of a corresponding one of said heat collecting tubes, and a distance between each of said photovoltaic panels and a corresponding one of said heat collecting tubes is smaller than a distance between said one of said heat collecting tubes and an adjacent one of said heat collecting tubes.

8. The pv-photothermal device according to claim 7 wherein a radially outer portion of each of said collector tubes is provided in parallel with said pv panel rotatable about the tube axis of said collector tube.

9. The photovoltaic-thermal device of claim 7, wherein each of the thermal-collecting tubes is arranged in the same plane at equal intervals.

10. The pv-photothermal device according to claim 9 wherein the width of each pv panel is equal to the distance between two adjacent collector tubes.

11. The photovoltaic-photothermal device according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said heat collecting tubes are provided, at least two of said photovoltaic panels are provided, each of said photovoltaic panels is disposed at a radially outer portion of a corresponding one of said heat collecting tubes, and a rotation path of at least one of said photovoltaic panels passes through a space between corresponding adjacent two of said heat collecting tubes.

12. The pv-photothermal device according to claim 1 wherein a gear is coaxially fixed on said vacuum tube, and a motor is mounted on said base and drivingly connected to said gear for driving said gear.

13. The pv-photothermal device according to claim 1 wherein a reflector is fixedly attached to the side of the pv facing the collector tube, the reflector having a reflective surface facing the collector tube.

14. The photovoltaic-thermal device according to claim 13, wherein the light-reflecting surface is concavely curved.

15. The photovoltaic-thermal device of claim 14, wherein the light-reflecting surface is concave.

16. The pv-photothermal device according to claim 15 wherein said pv panel and said reflector panel are both arc panels disposed around said collector tube and said pv panel and said reflector panel are disposed in abutting relationship.

17. The photovoltaic-photothermal device of claim 1 wherein said photovoltaic working surface is convexly curved.

18. The photovoltaic-thermal device of claim 17, wherein the photovoltaic panel is a curved panel disposed around the collector tube.

19. The pv-photothermal device of claim 18 wherein said pv panel is disposed against said collector tube.

20. The photovoltaic-photothermal device of claim 1 wherein said heat absorbing coating is attached to the outer tube wall of said inner tube.

21. The photovoltaic-photothermal device of claim 1 wherein said thermally conductive rod is a heat pipe having a phase change material encapsulated therein.