CN212179254U - Photovoltaic photo-thermal system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic photo-thermal system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212179254U CN212179254U CN202020619842.6U CN202020619842U CN212179254U CN 212179254 U CN212179254 U CN 212179254U CN 202020619842 U CN202020619842 U CN 202020619842U CN 212179254 U CN212179254 U CN 212179254U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
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Abstract
The application relates to a photovoltaic photo-thermal system, include: the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit and a photothermal heat supply unit which are selected to work; the working mode control unit is connected with the photovoltaic and photothermal all-in-one machine and used for controlling the photovoltaic power generation unit and the photothermal heat supply unit to work alternatively; the heating water tank is connected with the photo-thermal heat supply unit through a first circulating water pipe, and the first circulating water pipe is connected with a first circulating water pump; the heat utilization unit is connected with the heating water tank through a water running pipeline; and the electricity utilization unit is connected with the photovoltaic power generation unit circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a photovoltaic photo-thermal system.
Background
Solar energy, as a renewable energy source, has been widely used, such as photovoltaic power generation, photo-thermal heating, photo-thermal power generation, etc., and solar energy is also a main direction for developing green energy in the future. Two technical approaches for utilizing solar energy exist: namely, photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating, have been popularized in every country around the world. The solar power generation device and the heating device in the prior art are two devices which are respectively arranged, and the photovoltaic utilization and the photothermal utilization of solar energy have advantages and disadvantages, so that the solar power generation device and the heating device cannot be installed at the same time, namely, only power generation can be carried out but not heating or only heating but not power generation can be carried out, so that the advantages of the two devices cannot be complemented, heating and power generation cannot be carried out at the same time, and the full and efficient utilization of the solar energy is influenced.
When pure photovoltaic power generation is carried out, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, the conversion efficiency is generally 12% -17% of the solar energy radiation amount, namely about 83% of solar energy irradiated on the surface of a photovoltaic panel cannot be utilized and converted, a considerable part of energy is converted into heat energy to be lost, and meanwhile, the generated heat energy can also increase the temperature of the photovoltaic panel to cause the reduction of the cell efficiency and further reduce the photoelectric conversion rate; therefore, the problems of low conversion rate and much solar energy loss exist in pure photovoltaic power generation.
When the solar water heater is used for heating by pure light and heat, like a common solar water heater, the light and heat conversion efficiency is high and is generally more than 50% of the solar radiation amount, however, the problem exists that the household bathing needs not daily, so that hot water generated in most days is wasted in storage, and particularly for schools provided with solar water heating systems, the solar water heating system meets the requirements of students in the beginning period, but the solar water heating system is used in cold and hot days in a longer period, and the light irradiation amount is the largest at the moment, so that the water heater is in a storage state without being used by people, and the energy waste is caused; in addition, for a solar hot water heating system, the efficiency of a winter heating and photo-thermal heating device is much higher than that of a photovoltaic power generation heating device, for example, a 100 square meter house is heated in winter, for example, a 50 square meter photovoltaic power generation device is installed, the power generation energy in a fine day cannot meet the requirement, for example, a 50 square meter photo-thermal utilization device is installed, the absorbed heat energy can completely meet the requirement through hot water heating, however, the house is generally heated only in winter, the heating time is about three months, the rest of the time is in a shelf state, the collected heat energy is useless, and the waste is useless; therefore, the problems of low use frequency and long standing and swaying period exist in the pure photo-thermal heating.
As described above, the existing two utilization methods of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating of solar energy, which are based on the above problems, respectively, result in insufficient utilization of solar energy, the products based on solar energy are not yet popularized or applied in a large scale in the market at present, the unique properties of solar energy as clean, readily available and inexhaustible are not well developed and utilized, and the product utilizing solar energy technology has more prominent and more serious defects due to the shortage of people in application and research and development of solar energy technology, and similar products such as solar water heaters are even abandoned in the market, so that the utilization technology of solar energy needs to be urgently updated in the face of the current energy crisis and pursuit of cleanness and no pollution.
However, in practice, the combination of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating is a difficult technical problem, and there are many technical problems to be overcome in the combination of the two, which are also determined by the current basic equipment of photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating: because the photovoltaic panel is mostly a flat complete panel, the photothermal device is mostly heat collecting tubes arranged in an array manner, the photovoltaic panel and the heat collecting tubes cannot be combined and cooperate together to make up respective defects of two technologies, solar energy is utilized to the maximum, two gains of hot water and electric power cannot be obtained simultaneously, the devices which combine photovoltaic power generation and photothermal heating to obtain heat energy and electric energy and output simultaneously are very few in the current market, some devices are provided with a plurality of heat collecting tubes at the back of the photovoltaic panel to utilize heat energy to heat, however, the mode has the problems that the heat collecting tube heating still causes heat dissipation and cannot be released, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel can be increased to cause the reduction of battery efficiency, and the service life is shortened; therefore, the photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated machine capable of realizing photovoltaic-photo-thermal switching has important significance, and has innovation significance for the solar energy to be recycled and form products to be applied to family life.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is: in order to solve the problems, a photovoltaic photo-thermal system capable of realizing photovoltaic-photo-thermal switching and a control method of the photovoltaic photo-thermal system are provided.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a photovoltaic photo-thermal system comprising:
the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit and a photothermal heat supply unit which are selected to work;
the working mode control unit is connected with the photovoltaic and photothermal all-in-one machine and used for controlling the photovoltaic power generation unit and the photothermal heat supply unit to work alternatively;
the heating water tank is connected with the photo-thermal heat supply unit through a first circulating water pipe, and the first circulating water pipe is connected with a first circulating water pump;
the heat utilization unit is connected with the heating water tank through a water running pipeline; and
and the electricity utilization unit is connected with the photovoltaic power generation unit circuit.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the photovoltaic photo-thermal system further comprises the following priority scheme:
and an energy storage water tank is arranged on the water running pipeline.
The water running pipeline comprises a second circulating water pipe which is connected with the energy storage water tank and the heating water tank, and a second circulating water pump is connected to the second circulating water pipe.
The water running pipeline further comprises a third circulating water pipe connected with the energy storage water tank and the heat utilization unit, and a third circulating water pump is connected to the third circulating water pipe.
The heating water tank is provided with a second water temperature sensor, the energy storage water tank is provided with a third water temperature sensor, and the second water temperature sensor and the third water temperature sensor are connected with a second circulating water pump circuit.
And a comparator is connected between the second water temperature sensor and the third water temperature sensor and is connected with the second circulating water pump circuit.
The energy storage water tank is connected with a tap water pipe.
Photovoltaic light and heat all-in-one includes:
a base frame, a plurality of fixing holes are arranged on the base frame,
a water running cavity fixed on the base frame,
a heat collecting tube arranged on the base frame and in heat conducting connection with the water flowing cavity, and
the photovoltaic panel is arranged on the radial side part of the heat collecting tube and can rotate around the tube axis of the heat collecting tube;
the first circulating water pipe is connected with the water flowing cavity, and the electricity utilization unit is connected with the photovoltaic panel circuit.
The operation mode control unit includes:
a motor connected to the photovoltaic panel via a transmission assembly to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate, and
and the motor controller is connected with the motor circuit.
The number of the heat collecting pipes is at least two, the heat collecting pipes are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the radial side part of each heat collecting pipe is provided with a photovoltaic plate which rotates around the pipe axis of the heat collecting pipe in parallel; the transmission assembly includes:
a synchronous gear coaxially sleeved outside the heat collecting tube and fixed with the photovoltaic panel, and
a carrier gear meshed and connected between the synchronous gears;
the motor is connected with one of the synchronous gears or one of the carrier gears.
And a power controller is arranged on a connecting circuit of the power utilization unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit.
The power controller is connected with a public power grid circuit.
The water circulating system is characterized in that a first water temperature sensor is arranged in the water flowing cavity, a second water temperature sensor is arranged in the heating water tank, and the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor are both connected with the first circulating water pump circuit.
And a comparator is connected between the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor and is connected with the first circulating water pump circuit.
The second water temperature sensor is in circuit connection with the working mode control unit.
The application can realize the following beneficial effects:
1. this kind of photovoltaic light and heat system that this application provided combines together photovoltaic power generation and light and heat heating, can select electricity generation or heat as required, realizes having the innovation to energy-conserving, pollution-free and sustainable development's ecological development mode to the make full use of solar energy.
2. The solar energy utilization rate of the photo-thermal conversion can reach more than 50%, the photovoltaic conversion utilization rate can only reach about 17%, and all the solar energy cannot be used for heating. Therefore, the photovoltaic photo-thermal system control method provided by the application automatically switches to the photovoltaic power generation mode under the condition that the photo-thermal conversion meets the use requirement, and fully utilizes the solar energy of a whole day.
3. This application uses the temperature of light and heat heating unit and heating water tank to regulate and control the water exchange state between the two as basic parameter, and only when satisfying specific regulation, circulating water pump between the two just can open to adopt cascaded control strategy, energy-conservation and noise pollution are little.
4. When the water temperature of the heating water tank is increased to the required high temperature, the photovoltaic working mode is directly switched, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved to the maximum extent.
5. The photovoltaic power generation unit is simultaneously connected with a public power grid and household appliances, and after the household electric quantity is enough, the redundant electric quantity can be transmitted to the public power grid and allocated to the power shortage area by the public power grid.
6. If the volume of the heating water tank is made very large to meet the demand of water consumption, it will take a long time to raise the temperature of the heating water tank to a desired value. If the floor heating and the heating water tank which are used as the heat units are directly connected by the water pipes, the low-temperature water flowing back to the heating water tank from the floor heating can lead the water temperature of the heating water tank to be rapidly reduced, and the normal use of some high-temperature heat equipment can be influenced. In addition, different heat utilization equipment have different requirements on water temperature, and if all the heat utilization equipment are directly connected to the heating water tank through water pipes, the heating water tank with a certain water temperature cannot supply water to different heat utilization equipment in a differential temperature mode. To this end, this application has set up the energy storage water tank on the water piping with thermal unit and heating water tank. The water in the heating water tank is firstly supplied to the energy storage water tank, the energy storage water tank can be connected with tap water to mix and allocate the water temperature and then supply the water temperature to the corresponding heat using unit, and some low-temperature water which flows back by heat using equipment such as floor heating is firstly sent to the energy storage water tank and cannot directly enter the heating water tank to cause the water temperature of the heating water tank to be quickly reduced.
7. This application adopts ingenious control strategy to carry out the water exchange to heating water tank and energy storage water tank, avoids the temperature in the energy storage water tank to hang down excessively and can't satisfy the user demand.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present application and are not limiting on the present application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated machine in a photo-thermal working state in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic photo-thermal all-in-one machine in a photovoltaic working state in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a matching structure of the photovoltaic panel, the pivoting frame, the heat collecting tube and the synchronizing gear in the first embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a matching structure of the photovoltaic panel, the connecting frame, the heat collecting tube and the synchronizing gear in the third embodiment of the present application.
Wherein:
1-photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated machine, 2-working mode control unit, 3-heating water tank, 4-first circulating water pipe, 5-first circulating water pump, 6-energy storage water tank, 7-second circulating water pipe, 8-second circulating water pump, 9-third circulating water pipe, 10-third circulating water pump, 11-electric heating, 12-LED lamp, 13-power supply controller, 14-power grid, 15-ammeter, 16-tap water pipe and 17-electromagnetic valve;
101-a base frame, 102-a water running cavity, 102 a-a water inlet interface, 102 b-a water outlet interface, 103-six heat collecting pipes, 104-a photovoltaic panel and 105-a connecting frame;
201-synchronizing gear, 202-carrier gear, 203-pivoting rack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the application without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the application.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of this patent application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.
Embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 1 shows a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic and thermal system of the present application, which is mainly composed of a photovoltaic and thermal all-in-one machine 1, an operation mode control unit 2, a heating water tank 3, a heat using unit and an electric using unit. Wherein:
photovoltaic light and heat all-in-one 1 includes photovoltaic power generation unit and light and heat supply unit to when in actual use, aforementioned photovoltaic power generation unit and light and heat supply unit can only the alternative work, that is to say: if the photovoltaic power generation unit is in a working state and converts solar energy into electric energy, the photo-thermal heat supply unit is in a non-working state; when the photo-thermal heating unit is in a working state and utilizes solar energy for heating water, the photovoltaic power generation unit is in a non-working state.
The working mode control unit 2 is connected with the photovoltaic and photo-thermal all-in-one machine 1, and is used for controlling the photovoltaic power generation unit and the photo-thermal heat supply unit of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal all-in-one machine 1 to work alternatively, namely controlling the photovoltaic and photo-thermal all-in-one machine 1 to be selectively in a photovoltaic power generation state or a photo-thermal heat supply state.
Connect first circulating water pipe 4 between heating water tank 3 and the light and heat supply unit, be connected with first circulating water pump 5 on the first circulating water pipe 4. The exchange of water between the heating water tank 3 and the photothermal heating unit may be achieved by means of the aforementioned first circulation water pipe 4 and first circulation water pump 5.
The heat-using unit is connected with the heating water tank 3 through a water running pipeline, and the heating water tank 3 provides water with required temperature for the heat-using unit. The heat using unit may include a plurality of heat using devices, such as: kitchen faucets, shower showers, and the like. Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat unit is a floor heater 11. Because the floor heating 11 only needs the heat of water and does not need to consume water, the water running pipeline (namely the water running pipeline connecting the heating water tank and the floor heating) is also a circulating water pipe.
The power utilization unit is connected with the photovoltaic power generation unit through a circuit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit provides electric energy for the power utilization unit. The aforementioned power consumption unit may include many power consumption devices such as electric lamps, computers, refrigerators, and the like, and may even include a public power grid.
In the present embodiment, the power utilization unit includes a public power grid 14 and an LED lamp 12. In this way, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit can be directly transmitted to household appliances such as LED lamps and refrigerators, and can also be transmitted to the public power grid 14 to be allocated to the power-shortage areas by the public power grid 14.
In order to facilitate that the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit can be selectively transmitted to the LED lamp 12 or the public power grid 14, and the current is processed when the electric energy is transmitted to the LED lamp 12 or the public power grid 14, in this embodiment, the power controller 13 is disposed on the connection circuit between the power consumption unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected to the power grid 14 after passing through the power controller 13. The power controller 13 is connected not only between the LED lamp 12 and the power controller 13 but also between the grid 14 and the power controller 13.
The above-described power supply controller 2 includes a controller case and a power supply control board provided in the controller case, as in some conventional power supply controllers.
In practical application, if the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine 1 is in the photothermal working mode, the photothermal heat supply unit absorbs solar energy to heat water flowing through the photothermal heat supply unit. The heated water with higher temperature enters the heating water tank 3 through the first circulating water pipe. The relatively lower water of temperature gets into light and heat supply unit through first circulating pipe in the heating water tank 3, so realize the exchange of cold water and hot water between heating water tank 3 and the light and heat supply unit, finally make the water that the storage has required temperature in the heating water tank 3 to supply to use. When the temperature of the water in the heating water tank 3 rises to a certain value, it is indicated that the amount of hot water is enough, and at the moment, the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine 1 can be switched to a photovoltaic working mode by using the working mode control unit 2.
The switching between the photothermal working mode and the photovoltaic working mode can adopt the following control strategies:
when the photo-thermal heating unit is in a working state, the water temperature T of the heating water tank 3 is acquired in real time2When T is2≥TneedAnd when the solar-thermal heating unit stops working, the photovoltaic power generation unit is adjusted to be in a working state. T isneedCan be set manually and stored in the software program of the working mode control unit.
Further, when the photo-thermal heating unit is in a working state, the following control strategies are carried out:
when the temperature T of the photo-thermal heating unit1≥TqWhen the first circulation water pump 5 is started, the photo-thermal heat supply unit and the heating water tank perform water exchange. When T is1≤TgWhen the first circulating water pump 5 is turned off, the water exchange between the photothermal heat supply unit and the heating water tank is stopped. T isqAnd TgThe value of (A) can be manually set, and is pre-stored in a comparator to ensure Tq＞Tg. And when the water temperature T of the heating water tank2≥TgWhen it is, T will beqReassign to current TqValue and addition term Δ1Sum of (new T)qOld T ═ oldq+Δ1) Will TgReassign to current TqValue and another addition term Δ2Sum of (new T)gOld T ═ oldg+Δ2) At this time, only at T1Not less than new TqWhen the water is discharged, the first circulating water pump 5 is started; when T is1Not more than new TgAt this time, the first circulating water pump 5 is turned off.
Until the water temperature T of the heating water tank2Is raised to the desired temperature TneedTime (T)2≥Tneed) And the first circulating water pump and the photo-thermal heat supply unit stop working, and the photovoltaic power generation unit is adjusted to be in a working state.
For the convenience of the reader to understand the above working mode switching strategy more intuitively, the following examples are given:
the user adjusts photovoltaic light and heat all-in-one 1 to light and heat mode for the first time through artificial operation, acquires light and heat heating unit and heating water tank's temperature in real time. Once the temperature of the photothermal heat supply unit reaches more than 50 ℃, the first circulation water pump 5 is started, and the photothermal heat supply unit and the heating water tank perform water exchange. Once the temperature of the photothermal heating unit is below 40 ℃, the first circulation water pump 5 is turned off, and the water exchange between the photothermal heating unit and the heating water tank is stopped. Obviously, performing the aforementioned action causes the water temperature of the heating water tank to continuously rise.
When the temperature of the water in the heating water tank 3 is increased to 50 c, if the above-mentioned scheme is still performed, the first circulating water pump 5 is operated for a long time, which is disadvantageous to energy saving and has a large noise pollution. In view of the foregoing, in the present embodiment, after the water temperature in the heating water tank 3 is increased to 50 ℃, the on and off temperature thresholds of the first circulating water pump 5 are immediately raised by 10 ℃, that is: once the water temperature of the photo-thermal heating unit reaches above 60 ℃, the first circulating water pump 5 is started; once the temperature of the water of the photothermal heating unit is below 50 ℃, the first circulation water pump 5 is turned off.
Similarly, when the water temperature of the heating water tank 3 is increased to 60 ℃, the on and off temperature thresholds of the first circulating water pump 5 are further increased by 10 ℃, that is: once the water temperature of the photo-thermal heating unit reaches above 70 ℃, the first circulating water pump 5 is started; once the temperature of the water of the photothermal heating unit is below 60 ℃, the first circulation water pump 5 is turned off.
When the temperature of the water in the heating water tank 3 is increased to 70 c, it is difficult or necessary to take a long time and a large amount of energy to raise the temperature of the water in the heating water tank 3 to a higher temperature such as 80 c (which takes a long time and has low energy conversion efficiency) if a similar instruction is executed again, and the 70 c water can satisfy various daily requirements. Based on this, in the present embodiment, after the water temperature in the heating water tank 3 is increased to 70 ℃, the similar instructions are not executed, and the operations in steps S1 to S3 are stopped, at this time, the first circulating water pump 5 is kept in the off state, and the integrated photovoltaic/thermal machine 1 is switched from the photo-thermal operation mode to the photovoltaic operation mode.
In order to facilitate the automatic implementation of the above control strategy, the photothermal heating unit of the present embodiment is provided with a first water temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature, and the heating water tank 3 is provided with a second water temperature sensor. The first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor are both in circuit connection with the first circulating water pump 5. And a comparator is connected between the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor and is in circuit connection with the first circulating water pump 5. And the second water temperature sensor is in circuit connection with the working mode control unit 2, so that when the second water temperature sensor detects that the water temperature of the heating water tank 3 rises to an ideal value (70 ℃), the working mode control unit 2 immediately switches the photovoltaic and photothermal all-in-one machine 1 to a photovoltaic working mode.
If the volume of the heating water tank 3 is made very large to meet the demand of water consumption, it will take a long time to raise the temperature of the heating water tank 3 to a desired value. More critical is that: if 11 and heating tank 3 direct water piping connection warm as with the thermal unit, warm 11 low-temperature water that flows back to heating tank 3 from warm and will lead to 3 temperature rapid reductions of heating tank, this normal use that can influence some high temperature with thermal equipment. In addition, different heat utilization equipment are different to the demand of temperature, if all useful heat utilization equipment all directly use the water piping to connect to heating water tank 3, and heating water tank 3 that the temperature is certain can't supply water to different heat utilization equipment difference temperature.
For the above reason, the present embodiment provides the energy storage tank 6 (buffer tank) on the water running line between the heat unit and the heating tank 3. The water in the heating water tank 3 is firstly supplied to the energy storage water tank 6, the energy storage water tank 6 can be connected with tap water to mix and allocate the water temperature and then supply the water temperature to the corresponding heat using unit, and some low-temperature water which flows back by using heat equipment such as a floor heating 11 is firstly sent to the energy storage water tank 6 and cannot directly enter the heating water tank 3 to cause the water temperature of the heating water tank 3 to be rapidly reduced. A water level sensor may be provided in the energy storage tank 6 to detect the amount of water therein in real time.
After the energy storage water tank 6 is arranged on the water running pipeline of the floor heating 11 and the heating water tank 3 which are used as heat utilization units, the water running pipeline is divided into two parts, namely a first part for connecting the heating water tank 3 and the energy storage water tank 6 and a second part for connecting the energy storage water tank 6 and the floor heating 11. For convenience of describing the technical solution of the present embodiment, the first water flowing pipeline is referred to as a second circulating water pipe 7, and the second water flowing pipeline is referred to as a third circulating water pipe 9. The second circulating water pipe 7 is connected with the heating water tank 3 and the energy storage water tank 6, and the third circulating water pipe 7 is connected with the energy storage water tank 6 and the floor heating unit 11. The second circulation water pipe 7 includes a water supply pipe that leads water of the heating water tank 3 to the energy storage water tank 6 and a water return pipe that leads water of the energy storage water tank 6 to the heating water tank 3. The third circulating water pipe 7 includes a water supply pipe for introducing water of the energy storage water tank 6 to the floor heating 11 and a water return pipe for introducing water of the floor heating 11 to the energy storage water tank 6. The second circulating water pump 8 is connected to the second circulating water pipe 7, and the third circulating water pump 10 is connected to the third water supply pipe 9.
Of course, the first part of the water outlet pipes may be a one-way pipe (instead of a circulating pipe) which only supplies water and does not return water, and the heating water tank 3 only supplies water to the energy storage water tank 6 and does not receive cold water returned by the energy storage water tank 6. If the heat unit is not the floor heating 11 but a water tap which needs to consume water, the second part of the water running pipeline can also be a one-way pipeline which only supplies water and does not return water.
To prevent the water temperature in the energy storage water tank 6 from being too low to meet the usage requirement, the present embodiment also adopts the following second control strategy similar to the above control strategy to ensure the water temperature of the energy storage water tank 6:
when the water temperature T of the heating water tank2≥Tq1And when the water is heated, the second circulating water pump is started, so that the water in the heating water tank and the water in the energy storage water tank are exchanged. When T is1≤Tg1And when the water is stored in the energy storage water tank, the second circulating water pump is started and closed, and the water exchange between the heating water tank and the energy storage water tank is stopped. T isq1＞Tg1. When the water temperature T of the energy storage water tank3≥Tg1When it is, T will beq1Reassign to current Tq1Value and addition term Δ11And, 1, mixinggReassign to current Tq1Value and another addition term Δ21The sum of (1).
It will be understood that, in theory, if the above-described second control strategy is continuously implemented, the temperature of the water in the storage tank 6 will be continuously increased to coincide with the temperature of the water in the heating tank 3. However, in some cases it is not necessary to provide the storage tank 6 with a high water temperature, as long as the water temperature is sufficient for the heat unitThe requirement is normal. Therefore, if the water temperature of the energy storage water tank 6 is detected as T3When the desired temperature value is reached (T)3≥Tneed1) And closing the second circulating water pump and stopping executing the second control strategy.
For the convenience of more intuitively understanding the second control strategy of the water temperature of the energy storage water tank by a reader, the following examples are given:
the user starts the control strategy through the man-machine exchange end, and the water temperatures of the heating water tank 3 and the energy storage water tank 6 are obtained in real time. Once the water temperature of the heating water tank 3 reaches above 50 ℃, the second circulating water pump 8 is started, and the heating water tank 3 and the energy storage water tank 6 exchange water. Once the water temperature of the heating water tank 3 is below 40 ℃, the energy storage water tank 6 is closed, and the water exchange between the photothermal heat supply unit and the heating water tank is stopped. Obviously, performing the aforementioned action causes the water temperature of the heating water tank to continuously rise.
When the water temperature of the energy storage water tank 6 is increased to 45 ℃, the temperature threshold value of the opening and closing of the second circulating water pump 8 is raised by 5 ℃, namely: once the water temperature of the heating water tank 3 reaches above 55 ℃, the second circulating water pump 8 is started; once the temperature of the water in the heating water tank 3 is below 45 ℃, the second circulating water pump 8 is turned off.
Similarly, when the water temperature of the energy storage water tank 6 is increased to 50 ℃, the opening and closing temperature thresholds of the second circulating water pump 8 are further increased by 5 ℃, namely: once the water temperature of the photo-thermal heating unit reaches above 60 ℃, the second circulating water pump 8 is started; once the temperature of the water of the photothermal heating unit is below 50 ℃, the second circulating water pump 8 is turned off.
And when the water temperature of the energy storage water tank 6 is increased to 55 ℃ which can meet the requirement of the floor heating 11, the control strategy is not executed, the actions of the steps from the step S I to the step S III are stopped, and the second circulating water pump 8 is kept in a closed state.
In order to facilitate the automatic implementation of the water temperature control strategy of the energy storage water tank, the energy storage water tank 6 of the present embodiment is provided with a third water temperature sensor. The second water temperature sensor and the third water temperature sensor are both in circuit connection with the second circulating water pump 8. And another comparator is connected between the second water temperature sensor and the third water temperature sensor and is in circuit connection with the second circulating water pump 8. The third water temperature sensor is electrically connected with the second circulating water pump 8, so that when the third water temperature sensor detects that the water temperature of the energy storage water tank 6 is increased to a desired value (55 ℃), the second circulating water pump 8 is kept in a closed state, and the control strategy is stopped.
In order to prevent the heating water tank 3 from being short of water, the present embodiment is further provided with a tap water pipe connected to the first circulating water pipe 4 for connecting tap water, a water level sensor for detecting the water level of the heating water tank is arranged in the heating water tank 3, and the tap water pipe is connected to the first circulating water pump 5 and the electromagnetic valve 17 electrically connected to the water level sensor. When the water level sensor detects that the water level of the heating water tank 3 is lower than a set value, the electromagnetic valve 17 and the first circulating water pump 5 are opened, and tap water is filled into the heating water tank 3.
When the photovoltaic water supply unit of photovoltaic light and heat all-in-one was in operating condition, light and heat heating unit was in the shutdown state and can not be to heating water tank 3 heat supply. In this case, the user's heat consumption of the system cannot be continuously replenished. In order to prevent the situation that the temperature of the heating water tank 3 is reduced to a value that cannot meet the use requirement due to heat consumption in the photovoltaic mode, the water temperature T of the heating water tank 3 is preferably acquired in real time in the photovoltaic mode2When the water temperature of the heating water tank is reduced to a set critical value such as 30 ℃, the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine 1 is switched to a photothermal working mode by the working mode control unit 2, the photovoltaic power generation unit stops working, and the photothermal heat supply unit is adjusted to a working state.
In some cases, such as hot summer, house users who leave for a long time, and the like, heat is not used for a long time, and if the system is operated in the photothermal mode for a long time or intermittently during the period, the generated heat cannot be utilized, which is meaningless. In this regard, the present embodiment also provides a control strategy with a higher priority: when light and heat supply unit is in operating condition, acquire the water level of heating water tank 3 in real time, when the water level of heating water tank remains unchanged throughout in a long period of time (like 48 hours), mode control unit 2 switches photovoltaic light and heat all-in-one 1 to light and heat mode, and photovoltaic power generation unit stop work, light and heat supply unit adjustment to operating condition.
The specific structure of the integrated photovoltaic and thermal machine 1 can be seen from fig. 2 to 6, the integrated photovoltaic and thermal machine 1 is similar to an existing solar water heater in appearance and is the same as some existing solar water heaters, the integrated photovoltaic and thermal machine also includes a base frame 101, and a water flowing cavity 102 and six heat collecting pipes 103 are fixedly arranged on the base frame 101.
The water flowing cavity 102 has a water inlet 102a and a water outlet 102b, and the water flowing cavity 102 is connected to the first circulating water pipe through the water inlet 102a and the water outlet 102b, so as to connect the water flowing cavity 102 to the heating water tank 3. One end of each heat collecting pipe 103 is hermetically inserted into the water flowing cavity (the matching part is sealed by a sealing ring), so that the heat conducting connection between the heat collecting pipes 103 and the water flowing cavity 102 is realized, and therefore the sunlight heat absorbed by the heat collecting pipes 103 is transferred to the water in the water flowing cavity to heat the water in the water flowing cavity. For convenience of manufacture and assembly, the heat collecting pipes 103 are arranged in the same plane at equal intervals. The base frame 101 serves as a support carrier of the entire photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine, and serves to support the aforementioned water running chamber 102 and heat collecting pipe 103, as well as various components described below, and to define the aforementioned plane. Of course, in some other embodiments of the present application, the heat collecting pipes 103 may be arranged at random intervals, and are not necessarily in the same plane.
The photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine is also provided with six photovoltaic panels 104 with the same number as the heat collecting tubes. The photovoltaic panels 104 are arranged one-to-one on the radial side of each collector tube, and each photovoltaic panel 104 is capable of rotating about the tube axis of the corresponding collector tube. That is, the photovoltaic panels 104 are rotatably connected, but not rigidly connected, to the unit, and the rotation axis of each photovoltaic panel 104 on the base frame 101 is exactly the tube axis of the corresponding heat collecting tube 2.
For convenience of describing the technical solution of the present embodiment, if a unit formed by one heat collecting tube 103 and one photovoltaic panel 104 corresponding to each other in fig. 2 and fig. 3 is referred to as a photovoltaic-thermal unit, the photovoltaic-thermal all-in-one machine of the present embodiment has six photovoltaic-thermal units in total. In each photovoltaic-photothermal unit, the axis of rotation of the photovoltaic panel 104 on the base frame is exactly the tube axis of that collector tube 103 in that unit. Further, in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit, the photovoltaic panel 104 has an inner panel surface facing the unit heat collecting pipe 103 (i.e., the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel in fig. 6) and an outer panel surface facing away from the unit heat collecting pipe 103 (i.e., the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel in fig. 6), and the aforementioned outer panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 104 of the present embodiment is a photovoltaic working surface for receiving solar power generation.
It can be seen that, since the photovoltaic panel 104 can rotate around the tube axis of the heat collecting tube 103 on the base frame 101, the relative position of the photovoltaic panel 104 and the heat collecting tube 103 can be adjusted by rotating the photovoltaic panel 104. When the heat collecting tube 103 is required to absorb light energy to obtain heat, the photovoltaic panel 104 is rotated to the backlight side (i.e. the side away from the sunlight) of the heat collecting tube 103, and the heat collecting tube emits light and generates heat. When photovoltaic power generation is needed, the photovoltaic panel 104 is rotated to the light-facing side of the heat collecting tube 103 (i.e. the side facing the sunlight), at this time, the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 104 just faces the sunlight and is in a working state, and the photovoltaic panel 104 faces the sunlight for power generation.
It can be seen that when the photovoltaic and photothermal all-in-one machine is in the photovoltaic power generation working mode, the heat collecting tube 103 is located at the backlight side of the photovoltaic panel 104, sunlight is received and shielded by the photovoltaic panel 104 and cannot be emitted to the heat collecting tube 103, and the heat collecting tube 103 no longer absorbs heat to heat water in the water flowing cavity 102.
In practical application, the photothermal working mode and the photovoltaic working mode of the integrated machine can be flexibly selected according to needs. Such as: after enough heat energy is obtained in the photo-thermal working mode, the photo-thermal working mode is switched to the photovoltaic working mode to generate electricity, so that solar energy is fully utilized to generate heat and generate electricity, the solar energy utilization efficiency is increased, the solar energy generation and the heat generation are integrated, and the space resource is saved.
In addition, in order to make the whole structure of the integrated machine more compact and reasonable, the photovoltaic plate 104 and the heat collecting pipe 103 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit are arranged in parallel in the embodiment.
In order to avoid that the photovoltaic panel 104 touches the heat collecting tube 103 of the adjacent photovoltaic-photothermal unit when rotating, and thus the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 104 is limited by the heat collecting tube 103 in the adjacent photovoltaic-photothermal unit, the photovoltaic panel 104 and the heat collecting tube 103 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit should be arranged as close as possible to each other. Generally, it is ensured that the distance between the photovoltaic panel 104 and the thermal-collecting tube 103 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit should be smaller than the distance between the thermal-collecting tube 103 in the unit and the thermal-collecting tube in the adjacent unit. When the photovoltaic panel 3 rotates, the photovoltaic panel can penetrate through the gaps between the adjacent heat collecting pipes.
It has been described above that the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated operation mode is controlled by the aforementioned operation mode control unit 2, and in particular, in the present embodiment, the operation mode control unit 2 mainly includes a motor and a motor controller. Wherein the motor is connected with the photovoltaic panel through the gear transmission component to drive the photovoltaic panel 104 to rotate. The motor controller is in circuit connection with the motor to control the operating parameters of the motor. The second water temperature sensor for detecting the heating water tank 3 is connected to the motor controller circuit.
The gear assembly comprises six synchronizing gears 201 and six carrier gears 202. The six synchronizing gears 201 are fixed (indirectly fixed, described in detail below) to the six photovoltaic panels 104, respectively. Carrier gear 202 is in meshing engagement with synchronizing gear 201. The motor can directly drive any one of the six synchronizing gears 201 and the six carrier gears 202, so that the linkage of all the synchronizing gears 201 and all the carrier gears 202 can be realized, and each photovoltaic panel 104 can be in any preset orientation. "synchronization" in the synchronizing gear 201 means: under the drive of the motor, the rotation angles and the pitches of the six gears are completely consistent, so that the rotation angles and the pitches of the six photovoltaic panels 104 are completely consistent.
The motor controller connected with the motor circuit can accurately control the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 104, and further indirectly adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel.
As described above, each photovoltaic panel 104 in this embodiment is rotatably connected to the base frame 101. The rotational connection of the photovoltaic panels 104 to the base frame 101 is further described below:
each photovoltaic panel 104 is fixed with a pivoting frame 203, and the pivoting frame 203 is pivotally sleeved on the heat collecting tube 103. The pivoting frame 203 fixed on the photovoltaic panel 104 is rotatably sleeved on the heat collecting tube 103, and the heat collecting tube 103 is fixed with the base frame 101, so that the photovoltaic panel 104 is indirectly connected with the base frame 101 in a rotating manner.
The synchronous gear 201 is coaxially sleeved outside the heat collecting tube 103 and fixed with the pivoting frame 203.
Support bearings may be provided between the pivoting frame 203 and the heat collecting pipe 103 to reduce friction.
The synchronous gear 201 is directly fixed on the pivoting frame 203 instead of the photovoltaic panel 104, and the synchronous gear 201 is indirectly fixed with the photovoltaic panel 104 because the pivoting frame 203 is fixed with the photovoltaic panel 104. The synchronous gear 201 drives the pivoting frame 203 to rotate, and the pivoting frame 203 drives the photovoltaic panel 104 to rotate relative to the base frame 101 and the heat collecting tube 103. The six synchronous gears 201 are respectively arranged coaxially with the six heat collecting pipes 103.
In practical applications, the photothermal and photovoltaic integrated machine (base frame part) is generally installed on the roof or outer wall surface of a building, especially a house, and the total area of all photovoltaic panels is preferably more than 20m □.
Example two:
fig. 7 shows another specific example of the photovoltaic photothermal system of the present application, which has substantially the same structure as the photovoltaic photothermal system of the first example, and also includes a photovoltaic photothermal integrated machine 1, an operation mode control unit 2, a heating water tank 3, a heat using unit, and an LED lamp 12 as an electric using unit. The photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine 1 adopts the same structural form as that of the first embodiment. The thermal unit is connected to the heating water tank 3 by water, not shown in fig. 7.
The photovoltaic photo-thermal system adopts the photo-thermal-photovoltaic working mode switching strategy which is the same as that of the embodiment, namely, the on-off of the first water pump 5 and the switching of the working modes are controlled by monitoring the water temperatures of the photo-thermal heat supply unit and the heating water tank.
Different from the first embodiment, the photovoltaic and photothermal all-in-one machine 1 is not connected with a public power grid in the present embodiment, and the water of the heating water tank 3 is not guided to the floor heating by the buffered energy storage water tank.
Example three:
fig. 8 shows another structural form of the pv-photothermal integrated machine, which is basically the same as the structure of the pv-photothermal integrated machine in the first embodiment, except that: the heat collecting tube 103 is rotatably connected (instead of being fastened in the first embodiment) on the base frame 101, and the photovoltaic panel 104 and the heat collecting tube 103 in the same photovoltaic-photothermal unit are fixedly connected to each other through the connecting frame 105. When the photovoltaic panel 104 rotates on the base frame 101, the heat collecting tube 103 fixed to the photovoltaic panel 104 also rotates. Naturally, when the heat collecting tube 103 rotates on the base frame 101, the photovoltaic panel 104 fixed to the heat collecting tube 103 also rotates with the heat collecting tube 103.
The rotary connection structure of the heat collecting tube 103 and the base frame 101 is specifically as follows: a heat collecting pipe front inserting hole is formed in the cavity wall of the water flowing cavity 102, a heat collecting pipe rear inserting hole is formed in the base frame 101, and two ends of the heat collecting pipe 103 are respectively inserted into the heat collecting pipe front inserting hole and the heat collecting pipe rear inserting hole in a pivoting mode. Because the water flowing cavity 102 is fixed with the base frame 101, the relative position of the front insertion hole of the heat collecting tube on the cavity wall of the water flowing cavity 102 and the base frame 101 is fixed, so that the heat collecting tube 103 which is pivotally inserted in the front insertion hole of the heat collecting tube can rotate (rotate) around the tube axis of the heat collecting tube relative to the base frame 101.
The heat collecting tube 103 and the photovoltaic panel 104 in the same photovoltaic-photothermal unit are fixed to each other and can rotate on the base frame 101 around the same rotation axis (tube axis of the heat collecting tube), and the photovoltaic panel 104 can be selectively positioned on the backlight surface or the light facing surface of the heat collecting tube 103 only by adjusting the rotation angle of the heat collecting tube 103 and the photovoltaic panel 104.
In order to facilitate the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 104 and the heat collecting tube 103, the present embodiment is provided with a driving device in transmission connection with the heat collecting tube 103 to drive the heat collecting tube 103 to rotate. The drive device also includes: a plurality of synchronizing gears 201, a plurality of carrier gears and a miniature motor. A plurality of synchronous gears 201 are respectively fixed coaxially with each heat collecting pipe 103. The carrier gear is in meshed connection with the synchronizing gear 201. The motor can directly drive any one of the plurality of synchronizing gears 201 and the plurality of intermediate gears, so that the linkage of all the synchronizing gears 201 and all the intermediate gears can be realized, and all the heat collecting pipes 103 and all the photovoltaic panels 104 can be positioned at any preset position.
In the first embodiment, the heat collecting tube 103 is fixed to the base frame 101, and the photovoltaic panel 104 is rotatably connected to the heat collecting tube 103. In the embodiment, the middle heat collecting tube 103 is rotatably connected with the base frame 101, and the photovoltaic panel 104 is fixed with the heat collecting tube 103. The foregoing two ways can achieve switching between photovoltaic and photothermal operating modes, which is preferred in the first embodiment because:
the heat collecting tube 103 can be generally divided into two structural forms of water-flowing heat collecting tube and water-non-flowing heat collecting tube, no matter the heat collecting tube is a water-flowing heat collecting tube or a water-non-flowing heat collecting tube, the end part of the heat collecting tube needs to be inserted into the water-flowing cavity 102, and strict sealing is needed to be achieved in order to prevent water from flowing out of the heat collecting tube and the water-non. If the fixed heat collecting pipe structure is adopted, the sealing of the splicing part of the heat collecting pipe and the water cavity is static sealing, and water leakage is generally avoided. However, if the rotary heat collecting pipe structure of the second embodiment is adopted, the following problems exist:
for the heat collecting pipe which flows water, the splicing part of the heat collecting pipe and the water flowing cavity is in dynamic seal, if the heat collecting pipe is rotated frequently, the dynamic seal is easily damaged, and water leakage is caused.
For the heat collecting pipe without water leakage, the heat collecting pipe is generally mainly composed of an inner pipe and an outer pipe which are coaxially fixed, and a hollow interlayer between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is vacuum. The inner wall of the inner tube is coated with a heat absorption coating, a metal heat conducting rod and an aluminum foil fixedly connected with the metal heat conducting rod are arranged in the inner tube, the aluminum foil is attached to the heat absorption coating, and one end of the metal heat conducting rod extends out of the inner tube and is used for transferring heat to water in the water running cavity. If the inner tube, the outer tube and one end of the metal heat conducting rod of the heat collecting tube are all inserted into the joint of the water running cavity and the water, the problem that the dynamic seal is damaged and water leaks after the heat collecting tube rotates for a plurality of times is also solved; if only one end of the metal heat conducting rod of the heat collecting pipe is inserted into the joint of the water running cavity and the water (the joint is statically sealed), the inner pipe and the outer pipe are not inserted into the water running cavity, and the metal heat conducting rod is fixed and only rotates the inner pipe and the outer pipe during working. Although the problem of water leakage can be avoided, the aluminum foil fixed with the metal heat conducting rod rotates relative to the inner pipe and the outer pipe, after long-term use, the aluminum foil is deformed and cannot keep good contact with the heat absorption coating, and the aluminum foil can slip the heat absorption coating to cause the reduction of the heat absorption performance of the heat absorption coating.
The above are exemplary embodiments of the present application only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A photovoltaic photo-thermal system, comprising:
the photovoltaic and photothermal integrated machine (1) comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit and a photothermal heat supply unit which are selected to work;
the working mode control unit (2) is connected with the photovoltaic and photothermal all-in-one machine to control the photovoltaic power generation unit and the photothermal heat supply unit to work alternatively;
the heating water tank (3) is connected with the photo-thermal heat supply unit through a first circulating water pipe (4), and a first circulating water pump (5) is connected to the first circulating water pipe (4);
the heat utilization unit is connected with the heating water tank (3) through a water running pipeline; and
and the electricity utilization unit is connected with the photovoltaic power generation unit circuit.
2. The photovoltaic solar thermal system according to claim 1, wherein an energy storage tank (6) is arranged on the water running pipeline.
3. The photovoltaic solar thermal system according to claim 2, wherein the water flowing pipeline comprises a second circulating water pipe (7) for connecting the energy storage water tank (6) and the heating water tank (3), and a second circulating water pump (8) is connected to the second circulating water pipe (7).
4. The photovoltaic solar thermal system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water supply pipeline further comprises a third circulating water pipe (9) connecting the energy storage water tank (6) and the heat utilization unit, and a third circulating water pump (10) is connected to the third circulating water pipe (9).
5. The photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to claim 3, wherein the heating water tank (3) is provided with a second water temperature sensor, the energy storage water tank (6) is provided with a third water temperature sensor, and the second water temperature sensor and the third water temperature sensor are both in circuit connection with the second circulating water pump (8).
6. The photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to claim 5, wherein a comparator is connected between the second water temperature sensor and the third water temperature sensor, and the comparator is electrically connected with the second circulating water pump (8).
7. The photovoltaic photothermal system according to claim 2, wherein the energy storage tank (6) is connected to a tap water pipe.
8. The photovoltaic photothermal system according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic photothermal all-in-one machine (1) comprises:
a base frame (101) for supporting a base,
a water running cavity (102) fixed on the base frame,
a heat collecting tube (103) arranged on the base frame and in heat conducting connection with the water running cavity, and
a photovoltaic panel (104) disposed at a radial side portion of the heat collecting tube and rotatable about a tube axis of the heat collecting tube;
the first circulating water pipe (4) is connected with the water running cavity (102), and the power utilization unit is connected with the photovoltaic panel circuit.
9. The photovoltaic photothermal system according to claim 8, wherein the operation mode control unit (2) comprises:
a motor connected to the photovoltaic panel by a transmission assembly for driving the photovoltaic panel (104) to rotate, an
And the motor controller is connected with the motor circuit.
10. The photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to claim 9, wherein at least two of the heat collecting tubes (103) are provided, each heat collecting tube (103) is arranged in parallel at a distance from each other, and a photovoltaic panel (104) rotating around the tube axis of each heat collecting tube is arranged in parallel at the radial side of each heat collecting tube (103); the transmission assembly includes:
a synchronous gear (201) coaxially sleeved outside the heat collecting tube (103) and fixed with the photovoltaic panel (104), and
a carrier gear (202) meshed and connected between the synchronous gears (201);
the motor is connected with one of the synchronous gears (201) or one of the carrier gears (202).
11. The photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to claim 1, wherein a power controller (13) is arranged on a connection circuit of the power utilization unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit, and the power controller (13) is in circuit connection with a public power grid (14).
12. The photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to claim 8, wherein a first water temperature sensor is arranged in the water flowing cavity (102), a second water temperature sensor is arranged in the heating water tank (3), and the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor are both in circuit connection with the first circulating water pump (5).
13. The photovoltaic photo-thermal system according to claim 12, wherein a comparator is connected between the first water temperature sensor and the second water temperature sensor, and the comparator is electrically connected with the first circulating water pump (5).
14. The photovoltaic photothermal system according to claim 12, wherein said second water temperature sensor is in electrical connection with said operation mode control unit (2).
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| CN111412665A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-14 | 上海兴邺材料科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic photo-thermal system and control method thereof |
| CN111412665B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2025-07-18 | 上海兴邺材料科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic photo-thermal system and control method thereof |
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