CN111396112A - Long-distance ventilation system for mine ramp and design method - Google Patents
Long-distance ventilation system for mine ramp and design method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/04—Air ducts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
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Abstract
A long-distance ventilation system for a mine slope ramp adopts a multistage fan station replacing ventilation structure; the multistage air reservoir machine station take-over ventilation structure comprises an air supply fan at a slope tunnel road port, a connecting air duct and an air reservoir relay ventilation machine station in the slope tunnel; the slope tunnel interior air depot relay ventilator stations are provided with a plurality of air supply blowers, and the slope tunnel opening air supply blowers and the slope tunnel interior air depot relay ventilator stations are sequentially connected in a cascade mode through connecting air cylinders, so that fresh air is guaranteed to be reliably sent to a field operation surface finally; the design method of the long-distance ventilation system of the mine slope ramp comprises the steps of determining the diameter of a connecting air duct, calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity, calculating ventilation resistance, determining the specification of a fan and designing an air reservoir volume chamber; the mine slope ramp long-distance ventilation system ensures the ventilation requirement of the slope ramp long-distance single-head tunneling surface, thereby completely avoiding the occurrence of poisoning and suffocation safety accidents of the prior slope ramp long-distance single-head tunneling surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of long-distance single-head tunneling ventilation in mining operation, in particular to a long-distance ventilation system of a mine slope ramp and a design method.
Background
In recent years, in mine safety accidents, particularly in an imperfect ventilation system operation face of a long-distance single-head tunneling face such as a slope, poisoning suffocation safety accidents are most likely to occur, so that an effective mechanical ventilation mode and a reasonable ventilation technical scheme are needed to be added to the long-distance single-head tunneling face to improve the ventilation condition of the operation face when a ventilation raise shaft is not constructed in the actual construction process; however, the existing long-distance single-head tunneling ventilation generally adopts a ventilation mode that a connecting air pipe is connected with a multistage fan in series, and a secondary fan and a previous connecting air pipe are arranged in an open mode, so that air pressed into the connecting air pipe by the secondary fan is actually mixed air of fresh air and dirty air in a roadway, and therefore the ventilation mode has a series of problems of small actual effective air quantity finally sent to an operation surface, poor air quality, long ventilation time after blasting operation and the like, and the problems become more serious along with the extension of the distance of the long-distance single-head tunneling surface of the slope; meanwhile, when any one group of the multistage series fans fails, the air pressed into the connecting air pipe by the secondary fan is actually dirty air in the roadway, so that the lack of fresh air supplement of a long-distance single-head working face can be immediately caused, and huge potential safety hazards are brought to field workers of the working face; therefore, a more reasonable ventilation technical scheme is needed, the problem of long-distance ventilation is effectively solved, and the poisoning and suffocation safety accident of the long-distance single-head tunneling surface of the ramp is thoroughly avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a long-distance ventilation system of a mine ramp and a design method; adopting a multistage fan station to replace a ventilation structure; the multistage air reservoir machine station take-over ventilation structure comprises an air supply fan at a slope tunnel road port, a connecting air duct and an air reservoir relay ventilation machine station in the slope tunnel; a plurality of slope tunnel inner wind depot relay ventilator stations are arranged, and a slope tunnel opening air supply fan and the slope tunnel inner wind depot relay ventilator stations are sequentially connected in a cascade manner through connecting air cylinders; fresh air sequentially passes through an air supply fan at the road opening of the slope road, a connecting air duct and an air reservoir relay ventilation fan station in the slope road and is finally sent to a field operation surface; the design method of the long-distance ventilation system of the mine slope ramp comprises the steps of determining the diameter of a connecting air duct, calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity, calculating ventilation resistance, determining the specification of an air supply fan at the road junction of the slope ramp, determining the specification of an air outlet machine of an air warehouse and designing an air warehouse volume chamber; the long-distance ventilation system for the mine slope ramp has the characteristic that fresh air is directly delivered to the long-distance single-head driving face of the slope ramp, so that the advantages of high effective air quantity, high air quality and short ventilation time after blasting operation are ensured; especially when a primary fan in the long-distance ventilation system of the ramp fails, fresh air stored in the wind reservoir volume chamber can still be delivered to the long-distance single-head working face within a certain time, so that the requirement of operators on basic fresh air is met, and the occurrence of poisoning suffocation safety accidents of the long-distance single-head tunneling face of the conventional ramp is completely avoided.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a long-distance ventilation system for a mine slope ramp adopts a multistage fan station replacing ventilation structure; the multistage air reservoir machine station take-over ventilation structure comprises an air supply fan at a slope tunnel road port, a connecting air duct and an air reservoir relay ventilation machine station in the slope tunnel; the slope tunnel interior air reservoir relay ventilator stations are sequentially connected in a cascade mode through connecting air cylinders; fresh air sequentially passes through an air supply fan at the road opening of the slope road, a connecting air duct and a relay ventilation fan station of an air reservoir in the slope road and is finally sent to a field operation surface.
Furthermore, two air supply fans are arranged; when the mine slope ramp long-distance ventilation system works normally, one air supply fan works normally, and the other air supply fan is used as a standby air supply fan, so that the working reliability of the mine slope ramp long-distance ventilation system is ensured.
Furthermore, the relay ventilation fan station of the air reservoir in the ramp roadway comprises an air reservoir volume chamber and an air reservoir closed brick wall; the air reservoir volume chamber is a space which is arranged on the wall of the slope tunnel and has set depth, width and height, the air reservoir closed brick wall is arranged at an opening of the air reservoir volume chamber, the air reservoir volume chamber is spatially isolated from the slope tunnel to form an independent and sealed space for storing fresh air, the space prevents the fresh air from being mixed with dirty air in the tunnel, and the quality of the air finally sent to a field operation surface is ensured; the air reservoir closed brick wall is provided with an air reservoir air inlet, an air reservoir air outlet and an emergency air supply port, the air reservoir air inlet and the air reservoir air outlet are fixedly connected with the connecting air cylinder, and the emergency air supply port is fixedly provided with a valve; when the fan of the relay ventilation fan station of the wind reservoir in the tunnel of a certain primary slope way fails, the relay ventilation fan station of the wind reservoir in the tunnel of the slope way and valves on the emergency air supplement openings of the relay ventilation fan stations of the wind reservoir in the tunnel of all secondary slope ways are automatically opened, so that the pressure in the volume room of the wind reservoir is normal, the normal work of the relay ventilation fan stations of the wind reservoir in the tunnel of all secondary slope ways is ensured, and the fresh air delivery of a field operation surface is ensured; the air outlet of the air warehouse is also fixedly provided with an air outlet machine of the air warehouse, and the air outlet machine of the air warehouse is communicated with a connecting air duct fixedly connected with the air outlet of the air warehouse and used for pressing fresh air stored in the air warehouse volume chamber into a secondary connecting air duct.
Furthermore, two air outlet machines of the air warehouse are arranged; when the mine slope ramp long-distance ventilation system works normally, one air outlet machine of the wind storehouse works normally, and the air outlet machine of the other wind storehouse is used as a standby air outlet machine, so that the working reliability of the mine slope ramp long-distance ventilation system is ensured.
A design method for a long-distance ventilation system of a mine slope ramp comprises the steps of determining the diameter of a connecting air duct, calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity, calculating ventilation resistance, determining the specification of an air supply fan at the road junction of the slope ramp, determining the specification of an air outlet fan of an air warehouse and designing an air warehouse volume chamber.
Further, the principle of determining the diameter of the connecting air duct is as follows: according to the size of the section of the slope ramp, the connecting air duct with the larger diameter is selected as far as possible under the condition of meeting the safety clearance of the transportation equipment, so that the ventilation resistance of the connecting air duct is reduced, the working power of the fan is reduced, and the electric energy consumption is reduced.
Further, the maximum required ventilation quantity calculation method comprises the following steps: simultaneously calculating the maximum number of people in the underground operation and the air quantity Qr (m)3Min), air quantity required for discharging the blast smoke Qy (m)3S) displacement of trackless transport equipment Qq (m)3(s) and required air quantity Qc (m) of return air speed of roadway3S); finally determining the maximum required ventilation quantity according to the calculated maximum values of Qr, Qy, Qq and Qc;
wherein the Qr calculation formula is: Qr-KP
In the formula, P is the maximum number of people in underground operation, K is the air quantity required by each person in the underground mine by the safety regulation of mine operation, and the value is 4m3/min；
Wherein the Qy calculation formula is:
in the formula: qyRequiring air for discharging the smoke of the gunAmount, t ventilation time(s), A one shot explosive consumption, L0Is the length (m) of a single-end tunnel, and S is the section area (m) of the tunnel2)；
Wherein the Qq calculation formula is:
Qq＝qsN
N＝N1f1+N2f2
in the formula: qqThe air quantity is needed for removing the waste gas of the diesel equipment in the mine; q. q.ssIs the unit power air quantity index (m) of the diesel equipment3V (kw.min)); n is the total power (kw) of various diesel equipment in the mine calculated according to the operation time proportion; n1 and N2 are rated powers (kw) of various diesel equipment; f. of1、f2The working time factor, i.e. the percentage (%) of time the equipment is operating downhole per hour;
wherein the Qc calculation formula is:
Qc＝VminS
in the formula: qc is the minimum wind speed to calculate the wind volume; s is the area of the clear section of the tunnel (m)2)，VminThe tunneling roadway is generally 0.15-0.25m/s for the minimum dust-removing wind speed (m/s).
Further, the ventilation resistance calculation formula is as follows:
h＝hi+hp+hr
hp＝7.782*α*L/(d5)
hr＝Δh*K
in the formula: h is ventilation resistance; h isiThe tunnel ventilation friction resistance (Pa); riFriction wind resistance of the roadway; q. q.siThe air quantity (m) for the tunnel to pass through3α is the coefficient of friction resistance to roadway ventilation (NS)2/m4) P is the perimeter (m) of the ventilation section of the tunnel, L is the length (m) of the tunnel, and S is the ventilation section area (m) of the tunnel2)；hpThe friction resistance coefficient (N) of α connecting the air cylinder is the ventilation friction resistance (Pa) of the connecting air cylinderS2/m4) L length of connecting wind barrel, d diameter of connecting wind barrel, hrStatic pressure difference (Pa) between a slope ramp wellhead and a relay ventilation fan station of an air reservoir in a first-stage slope ramp roadway or between the relay ventilation fan stations of the air reservoirs in two adjacent slope ramp roadways; delta h is the height difference (m) between the slope ramp well mouth and the first-stage slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilation machine station or the adjacent two-stage slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilation machine station; k is the static pressure difference coefficient (Pa/m).
Furthermore, the specification determination of the air supply fan at the road junction of the slope road and the specification determination principle of the air outlet fan of the air warehouse are the same, and the following formulas are required to be satisfied:
Q≥Qmax*Kq
H≥h*Kh
in the formula: q is rated air quantity (m) of air supply fan at road junction of ramp way and air outlet fan of air warehouse3Min); qmax is the maximum value (m) of the calculated Qr, Qy, Qq, Qc3Min); kq is a rated air quantity safety coefficient; h is rated wind pressure (Pa) of an air supply fan at the road junction of the slope road and an air outlet fan of the wind storehouse; and the Kh rated wind pressure safety factor.
Further, the wind reservoir volume chamber design calculation formula is as follows:
V≥t*Q*Kv
in the formula: v volume of reservoir volume chamber; t is the time required for switching the standby motor when the primary working motor on the relay ventilation station of the air reservoir in the tunnel of the slope way fails; kv is the reservoir volume safety factor.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention discloses a long-distance ventilation system of a mine ramp and a design method; adopting a multistage fan station to replace a ventilation structure; the multistage air reservoir machine station take-over ventilation structure comprises an air supply fan at a slope tunnel road port, a connecting air duct and an air reservoir relay ventilation machine station in the slope tunnel; the slope tunnel interior air reservoir relay ventilator stations are sequentially connected in a cascade mode through connecting air cylinders; fresh air sequentially passes through an air supply fan at the road opening of the slope road, a connecting air duct and an air reservoir relay ventilation fan station in the slope road and is finally sent to a field operation surface; the design method of the long-distance ventilation system of the mine slope ramp comprises the steps of determining the diameter of a connecting air duct, calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity, calculating ventilation resistance, determining the specification of an air supply fan at the road junction of the slope ramp, determining the specification of an air outlet machine of an air warehouse and designing an air warehouse volume chamber; the long-distance ventilation system for the mine slope ramp has the characteristic that fresh air is directly delivered to the long-distance single-head driving face of the slope ramp, so that the advantages of high effective air quantity, high air quality and short ventilation time after blasting operation are ensured; especially when a primary fan in the long-distance ventilation system of the ramp fails, fresh air stored in the wind reservoir volume chamber can still be delivered to the long-distance single-head working face within a certain time, so that the requirement of operators on basic fresh air is met, and the occurrence of poisoning suffocation safety accidents of the long-distance single-head tunneling face of the conventional ramp is completely avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a long-distance ventilation system of a mine ramp;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the reservoir volume chamber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a closed brick wall of a wind storehouse.
In the figure: 1. an air supply fan at the road opening of the slope road; 2. connecting an air duct; 3. a relay ventilation machine station of an air reservoir in a tunnel of the ramp; 3.1, a reservoir volume chamber; 3.2, sealing the brick wall of the wind storehouse; 3.2.1, an air inlet of the air warehouse; 3.2.2, an air outlet of the air warehouse; 3.2.3, an air outlet machine of the air warehouse; 3.2.4, emergency air supply port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in detail by the following examples, which are disclosed for the purpose of protecting all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.
A long-distance ventilation system for a mine slope ramp adopts a multistage fan station replacing ventilation structure; the multistage air reservoir machine station take-over ventilation structure comprises an air supply fan 1 at a slope tunnel road port, a connecting air duct 2 and an air reservoir relay ventilation fan station 3 in the slope tunnel; a plurality of slope tunnel inner wind depot relay ventilation fan stations 3 are arranged according to the length of a mine slope tunnel, and a slope tunnel opening air supply fan 1 and a plurality of slope tunnel inner wind depot relay ventilation fan stations 3 are sequentially connected in a cascade way through connecting air cylinders 2; fresh air sequentially passes through an air supply fan 1 at the road opening of the slope road, a connecting air duct 2 and an air reservoir relay ventilation fan station 3 in the slope road and is finally sent to a field operation surface; the air supply fan 1 is provided with two fans; when the long-distance ventilation system of the mine slope ramp works normally, one air supply fan 1 works normally, and the other air supply fan 1 is used as a standby air supply fan; the relay ventilation fan station 3 of the air reservoir in the ramp roadway comprises an air reservoir volume chamber 3.1 and an air reservoir closed brick wall 3.2; the wind reservoir volume chamber 3.1 is a space which is arranged on the wall of the slope ramp roadway and has set depth, width and height, and the wind reservoir closed brick wall 3.2 is arranged at the opening of the wind reservoir volume chamber 3.1 to spatially isolate the wind reservoir volume chamber 3.1 from the slope ramp roadway; the air warehouse closed brick wall 3.2 is provided with an air warehouse air inlet 3.2.1, an air warehouse air outlet 3.2.2 and an emergency air supplement port 3.2.4, the air warehouse air inlet 3.2.1 and the air warehouse air outlet 3.2.2 are fixedly connected with the connecting air duct 2, and the emergency air supplement port 3.2.4 is fixedly provided with a valve; a wind storehouse air outlet machine 3.2.3 is also fixedly arranged at the wind storehouse air outlet 3.2.2, and the wind storehouse air outlet machine 3.2.3 is communicated with a connecting wind barrel 2 fixedly connected with the wind storehouse air outlet 3.2.2; two air outlet machines 3.2.3 of the air warehouse are arranged; when the long-distance ventilation system of the mine slope ramp normally works, one of the air outlet machines 3.2.3 of the wind storehouses normally works, and the other air outlet machine 3.2.3 of the wind storehouses is used as a standby air.
A design method of a long-distance ventilation system of a mine slope ramp comprises the steps of determining the diameter of a connecting air duct 2, calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity, calculating ventilation resistance, determining the specification of an air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope ramp, determining the specification of an air outlet fan 3.2.3 of an air reservoir and designing an air reservoir volume chamber 3.1;
the principle of determining the diameter of the connecting air duct 2 is as follows: according to the size of the section of the slope way, under the condition of meeting the safety clearance of the transportation equipment, selecting an air duct with a larger diameter as much as possible;
the maximum required ventilation quantity calculation method comprises the following steps: simultaneously calculating the maximum number of people in the underground operation and the air quantity Qr (m)3Min), air requirement for discharging the smokeQuantity Qy (m)3S) displacement of trackless transport equipment Qq (m)3(s) and required air quantity Qc (m) of return air speed of roadway3S); finally determining the maximum required ventilation quantity according to the calculated maximum values of Qr, Qy, Qq and Qc;
wherein the Qr calculation formula is: Qr-KP
In the formula, P is the maximum number of people in underground operation, K is the air quantity required by each person in the underground mine by the safety regulation of mine operation, and the value is 4m3/min；
Wherein the Qy calculation formula is:
in the formula: qyThe air quantity required for discharging the blast smoke, t is the ventilation time(s), A is the consumption of the primary blasting explosive, L0Is the length (m) of a single-end tunnel, and S is the section area (m) of the tunnel2)；
Wherein the Qq calculation formula is:
Qq＝qsN
N＝N1f1+N2f2
in the formula: qqThe air quantity is needed for removing the waste gas of the diesel equipment in the mine; q. q.ssIs the unit power air quantity index (m) of the diesel equipment3V (kw.min)); n is the total power (kw) of various diesel equipment in the mine calculated according to the operation time proportion; n1 and N2 are rated powers (kw) of various diesel equipment; f. of1、f2The working time factor, i.e. the percentage (%) of time the equipment is operating downhole per hour;
wherein the Qc calculation formula is:
Qc＝VminS
in the formula: qc is the minimum wind speed to calculate the wind volume; s is the area of the clear section of the tunnel (m)2)，VminThe minimum dust-removing wind speed (m/s) is adopted, and the tunneling roadway is generally 0.15-0.25 m/s;
the ventilation resistance calculation formula is as follows:
h＝hi+hp+hr
hp＝7.782*α*L/(d5)
hr＝Δh*K
in the formula: h is ventilation resistance; h isiThe tunnel ventilation friction resistance (Pa); riFriction wind resistance of the roadway; q. q.siThe air quantity (m) for the tunnel to pass through3α is the coefficient of friction resistance to roadway ventilation (NS)2/m4) P is the perimeter (m) of the ventilation section of the tunnel, L is the length (m) of the tunnel, and S is the ventilation section area (m) of the tunnel2)；hpA coefficient of friction resistance (NS) of α connected with the air duct 2 for connecting with the air duct 2 for ventilation friction resistance (Pa)2/m4) L length (m) of wind tube 2, d diameter (m) of wind tube 2, hrStatic pressure difference (Pa) between a slope ramp wellhead and a first-stage slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilation fan station 3 or between two adjacent slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilation fan stations 3 is obtained; delta h is the height difference (m) between the slope ramp well mouth and the first-stage slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilator station 3 or the adjacent two-stage slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilator station 3; k is a static pressure difference coefficient (Pa/m);
the specification determination of the air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope road is the same as the specification determination principle of the air outlet fan 3.2.3 of the wind storehouse, and the following formula is required to be satisfied:
Q≥Qmax*Kq
H≥h*Kh
in the formula: q is rated air quantity (m) of the air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope road and the air outlet machine 3.2.3 of the wind storehouse3Min); qmax is the maximum value (m) of the calculated Qr, Qy, Qq, Qc3Min); kq is a rated air quantity safety coefficient; h is rated wind pressure (Pa) of an air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope road and an air outlet machine 3.2.3 of an air warehouse; a Kh rated wind pressure safety factor;
the design calculation formula of the wind reservoir volume chamber 3.1 is as follows:
V≥t*Q*Kv
in the formula: v volume of reservoir volume chamber 3.1; t is the time required for switching the standby motor when the primary working motor on the air reservoir relay ventilation station 3 in the tunnel of the slope road fails; kv is the reservoir volume safety factor.
The following specifically describes the design process of the long-distance ventilation system of the mine ramp by taking the design of the long-distance ventilation system of the mine ramp in one mining area of a certain mining industry group as an example:
the slope of the mine slope ramp roadway is as follows: 0.39: 1; the size of the section of the roadway is 4.2 x 3.8 square meters; designing the distance between an air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope road and a relay ventilation fan station 3 of an air reservoir in the road junction of the slope road and the distance between the relay ventilation fan stations 3 of the air reservoir in the adjacent road junction of the slope road to be 1000 m;
and (3) determining the diameter of the connecting air duct 2: under the condition of meeting the safety clearance of transportation equipment, selecting a high-strength rubber multi-reverse-side connector air duct with the diameter d of 0.8m, wherein the length of each air duct section is 100 m;
calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity:
calculating the air quantity Qr required by the maximum number of people in underground operation: in actual construction, the maximum number of people on site can reach 20, and the air volume required by each person in the well is 4m according to related safety regulation3Min, then: qr 4m3/min×20＝803/min；
Calculating the air quantity Qy required by the discharged gun smoke: the consumption of the explosive amount of one-time blasting is 65.5kg, the length of the roadway is 1000m, the area of the section of the roadway is 14.68 square meters, and the ventilation operation time after blasting is 1.5h, then: qy＝5.28m3/s*60＝316.8m3/min；
Calculating the displacement Qq of the trackless transport equipment: the unit power air quantity index of the diesel equipment is 4m3(kw.min), 4 underground diesel devices are 30t dump trucks with power of 250 KW/truck; 1 diesel carry scraper with power of 162 KW/machine; f. of1Get (slag transport car) and f2Taking 0.08 (scraper), then: qq 92.96 × 4 371.84m3/min；
And (3) calculating the required wind rate Qc of the return wind speed of the roadway: vminThe minimum dust exhaust air speed is higher than 0.5m/s, then: 14.68 0.20 60-440.4 m Qc3/min；
According to the various required ventilation quantities obtained by calculation, the maximum required ventilation quantity is obtainedThe air quantity Qc is 440.4m3/min；
Calculation of the ventilation resistance h:
roadway ventilation frictional resistance hiThe calculation of (2): the recommended value of the frictional wind resistance of the tunnel is 4.0, and the required wind volume Qc of the return wind speed of the wind tunnel passing through the tunnel is calculated to be 7.34m3S; the recommended value of the tunnel ventilation friction resistance coefficient is 0.016NS2/m4The perimeter of the ventilation cross section of the tunnel is 16m, the length of the tunnel is 1000m, and the ventilation cross section area of the tunnel is 14.68 square meters, then: h isiCalculated to be 17.44 Pa;
the ventilation friction resistance h of the connecting air duct 2pThe calculation of (2):
the ventilation friction resistance coefficient of the connecting air duct 2 takes a recommended value of 0.016NS2/m4The length of the connecting air duct 2 is 1000m, and the diameter of the connecting air duct 2 is 0.8m, then: h isi380.0Pa is obtained through calculation;
static pressure difference hrThe calculation of (2): the inclination of the roadway is 0.39:1, the length of the connecting air duct 2 is 1000m, the static pressure difference coefficient is 1.2Pa/m, and then: h isrThe calculation result is 468.0 Pa;
the ventilation resistance h is calculated as: h is 17.44+380.0+468.0 is 865.44 Pa;
the specification of an air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope road and the specification of an air outlet fan 3.2.3 of an air warehouse are determined: because the distance between the air supply fan 1 at the ramp roadway opening and the relay ventilation fan station 3 in the ramp roadway and the relay ventilation fan station 3 in the adjacent ramp roadway is 1000m, the air supply fan 1 at the ramp roadway opening and the air outlet fan 3.2.3 of the air warehouse can select fans with the same specification;
determining rated air quantity Q of the fan: q is more than or equal to Qmax Kq, and Qmax takes the value of Qc as 440.4m3Min, the rated air quantity safety coefficient Kq is 1.3, then: rated air quantity Q of the fan is 572.5m3/min；
Determination of rated wind pressure H of the fan: h is more than or equal to H and Kh, the calculation of ventilation resistance H is 1568.14Pa, the value of rated wind pressure safety coefficient Kh is taken, and the higher safety coefficient is 2.0 because the local wind resistance at the joint and the corner of the air duct is not calculated in consideration: the rated wind pressure H of the fan is 1730.88 Pa;
according to the calculated rated wind quantity Q of the fan and the rated wind pressure H of the fan, the final type selection of the air supply fan 1 at the road junction of the slope road and the air outlet fan 3.2.3 of the wind storehouse is as follows: FBD No7.1/2 × 37 type mining explosion-proof press-in type contra-rotating axial flow local ventilator with rated air volume of 480-3Min, rated wind pressure: 1200-6800Pa, and the rated power is 37 KW; when the selected fan works normally, the normal air supply quantity is 0.77 of the rated maximum air quantity, and the normal working air pressure is close to the lower limit value of the rated air pressure, so that the fan has higher long-term operation safety factor and air supply reliability;
the design calculation of the volume chamber 3.1 of the wind reservoir is as follows: the time required for switching the standby fan is determined as 10s according to the light-load starting time of the fan motor, and the rated air quantity Q of the fan is calculated to be 572.5m3Min, the safe coefficient Kv of the reservoir volume is 1.4, then: the design volume V of the volume chamber of the wind reservoir needs to be more than 133.58m3(ii) a The structural size of the final design wind reservoir is as follows: length 10m, width 4.0m, height 3.8m, cross section of three-core arch, and area 14.10m3The volume of the whole reservoir volume chamber 3.1 is 141.0m3。
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mine ramp long distance ventilation system which characterized by: adopting a multistage fan station to replace a ventilation structure; the multistage air reservoir machine station take-over ventilation structure comprises an air supply fan (1) at a slope tunnel road port, a connecting air duct (2) and an air reservoir relay ventilation fan station (3) in the slope tunnel; one or more than one relay ventilation fan station (3) of the air reservoir in the roadway of the slope way is arranged; an air supply fan (1) at the road opening of the slope road and an air warehouse relay ventilation fan station (3) in the slope road are sequentially connected in a cascade way through a connecting air cylinder (2); fresh air sequentially passes through an air supply fan (1) at the road opening of the slope road, a connecting air duct (2) and an air warehouse relay ventilation fan station (3) in the slope road and is finally sent to a field operation surface.
2. The mine ramp long distance ventilation system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the air supply fan (1) is provided with two sets.
3. The mine ramp long distance ventilation system of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the relay ventilation machine station (3) of the air reservoir in the ramp roadway comprises an air reservoir volume chamber (3.1) and an air reservoir closed brick wall (3.2); the wind reservoir volume chamber (3.1) is a space with set depth, width and height arranged on the wall of the slope tunnel, and the wind reservoir closed brick wall (3.2) is arranged at the opening of the wind reservoir volume chamber (3.1) to spatially isolate the wind reservoir volume chamber (3.1) from the slope tunnel; the air reservoir closed brick wall (3.2) is provided with an air reservoir air inlet (3.2.1), an air reservoir air outlet (3.2.2) and an emergency air supplement port (3.2.4), the air reservoir air inlet (3.2.1) and the air reservoir air outlet (3.2.2) are fixedly connected with the connecting air cylinder (2), and the emergency air supplement port (3.2.4) is fixedly provided with a valve; the wind storehouse air outlet (3.2.2) is fixedly provided with a wind storehouse air outlet machine (3.2.3), and the wind storehouse air outlet machine (3.2.3) is communicated with a connecting wind barrel (2) fixedly connected with the wind storehouse air outlet (3.2.2).
4. The mine ramp long distance ventilation system of claim 3, wherein: two air outlet machines (3.2.3) of the air warehouse are arranged; when the long-distance ventilation system of the mine slope ramp normally works, one air outlet machine (3.2.3) of the wind storehouses normally works, and the other air outlet machine (3.2.3) of the wind storehouses is used as a standby air outlet machine.
5. A design method of a long-distance ventilation system of a mine ramp is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of determining the diameter of a connecting air duct (2), calculating the maximum required ventilation quantity, calculating ventilation resistance, determining the specification of an air supply fan (1) at a ramp road opening, determining the specification of an air outlet machine (3.2.3) of an air warehouse and designing a volume chamber (3.1) of the air warehouse.
6. The design method of the mine ramp long-distance ventilation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the principle of determining the diameter of the connecting air duct (2) is as follows: according to the size of the section of the slope way, the air duct with the larger diameter is selected under the condition of meeting the safety clearance of the transportation equipment.
7. The mine ramp length of claim 5The design method of the distance ventilation system is characterized in that: the maximum required ventilation quantity calculation method comprises the following steps: simultaneously calculating the maximum number of people in the underground operation and the air quantity Qr (m)3Min), air quantity required for discharging the blast smoke Qy (m)3S) displacement of trackless transport equipment Qq (m)3(s) and required air quantity Qc (m) of return air speed of roadway3S); finally determining the maximum required ventilation quantity according to the calculated maximum values of Qr, Qy, Qq and Qc;
wherein the Qr calculation formula is: Qr-KP
In the formula, P is the maximum number of people in underground operation, and K is the air quantity required by each person in the underground mine by the safety regulation of mine operation;
wherein the Qy calculation formula is:
in the formula: qyThe air quantity required for discharging the blast smoke, t is the ventilation time(s), A is the consumption of the primary blasting explosive, L0Is the length (m) of a single-end tunnel, and S is the section area (m) of the tunnel2)；
Wherein the Qq calculation formula is:
Qq＝qsN
N＝N1f1+N2f2
in the formula: qqThe air quantity is needed for removing the waste gas of the diesel equipment in the mine; q. q.sSIs the unit power air quantity index (m) of the diesel equipment3V (kw.min)); n is the total power (kw) of various diesel equipment in the mine calculated according to the operation time proportion; n1 and N2 are rated powers (kw) of various diesel equipment; f. of1、f2The working time factor, i.e. the percentage (%) of time the equipment is operating downhole per hour;
wherein the Qc calculation formula is:
Qc＝VminS
in the formula: qc is the minimum wind speed to calculate the wind volume; s is the area of the clear section of the tunnel (m)2)，VminThe tunneling roadway is generally 0.15-0.25m/s for the minimum dust-removing wind speed (m/s).
8. The design method of the mine ramp long-distance ventilation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the calculation formula of the ventilation resistance is as follows:
h＝hi+hp+hr
hp＝7.782*α*L/(d5)
hr＝Δh*K
in the formula: h is ventilation resistance; h isiThe tunnel ventilation friction resistance (Pa); riFriction wind resistance of the roadway; q. q.siThe air quantity (m) for the tunnel to pass through3α is the coefficient of friction resistance to roadway ventilation (NS)2/m4) P is the perimeter (m) of the ventilation section of the tunnel, L is the length (m) of the tunnel, and S is the ventilation section area (m) of the tunnel2)；hpThe friction resistance coefficient (NS) of α connected with the wind cylinder (2) is used for connecting the ventilation friction resistance (Pa) of the wind cylinder (2)2/m4) L length (m) of connecting wind barrel (2), d diameter (m) of connecting wind barrel (2), hrStatic pressure difference (Pa) between a slope ramp wellhead and a first-stage slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilation machine station (3) or between two adjacent slope ramp roadway air reservoir relay ventilation machine stations (3); delta h is the height difference (m) between the ramp wellhead and the relay ventilation machine station (3) of the wind reservoir in the first-stage ramp roadway or the relay ventilation machine station (3) of the wind reservoir in the adjacent two-stage ramp roadway; k is the static pressure difference coefficient (Pa/m).
9. The design method of the mine ramp long-distance ventilation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the specification determination of the air supply fan (1) at the road junction of the slope road is the same as the specification determination principle of the air outlet fan (3.2.3) of the wind storehouse, and the following formula is required to be satisfied:
Q≥Qmax*Kq
H≥h*Kh
in the formula: q is rated air volume (m) of the air supply fan (1) at the road junction of the slope road and the air outlet machine (3.2.3) of the wind storehouse3Min); qmax is the calculated Qr, Qy,Maximum values (m) of Qq and Qc3Min); kq is a rated air quantity safety coefficient; h is rated wind pressure (Pa) of an air supply fan (1) at the road junction of the slope road and an air outlet machine (3.2.3) of an air warehouse; and the Kh rated wind pressure safety factor.
10. The design method of the mine ramp long-distance ventilation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the design calculation formula of the wind reservoir volume chamber (3.1) is as follows:
V≥t*Q*Kv
in the formula: v volume of reservoir volume chamber (3.1); t is the time required for switching the standby motor when the primary working motor of the air reservoir relay ventilation station (3) in the tunnel of the slope way fails; kv is the reservoir volume safety factor.
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