CN111395276A - Flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for slowing down impact of water flow slapping vibration of gate chamber of high-gate dam - Google Patents
Flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for slowing down impact of water flow slapping vibration of gate chamber of high-gate dam Download PDFInfo
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- CN111395276A CN111395276A CN202010244208.3A CN202010244208A CN111395276A CN 111395276 A CN111395276 A CN 111395276A CN 202010244208 A CN202010244208 A CN 202010244208A CN 111395276 A CN111395276 A CN 111395276A
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- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for slowing down the impact of water flow slapping vibration of a lock chamber of a high-gate dam, which comprises a primary stilling pool, a secondary stilling pool and a tail sill which are sequentially arranged at the downstream of the lock chamber of the water gate dam, wherein a flat-bottom nose sill is adopted as an outlet nose sill at the tail end of the lock chamber of the water gate dam, a vertical falling sill is arranged at the head of the primary stilling pool, a continuous stilling sill which is vertical to a water-facing surface is arranged at the tail part of the primary stilling pool, and when the continuous stilling sill is positioned in a low-water-level operation control working condition at the downstream, the position of an upstream critical point of a. The invention controls and guides the downward discharge flow by adjusting the structure of the outlet structure, firstly forms a far-driving hydraulic jump far away from the lock chamber when the downstream low water level operates, and then forms a critical or slightly submerged hydraulic jump for energy dissipation, thereby not only meeting the requirements of safe structure and normal use function, but also having better economy and having good exemplary and referential significance for the design of other similar projects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a flood discharge energy dissipation structure, in particular to a flood discharge energy dissipation structure for relieving the impact of water flow slapping vibration on a gate chamber of a high gate dam.
Background
The flood discharge and energy dissipation of the sluice project generally adopts an underflow energy dissipation mode, and water energy is dissipated by forming water jump. The gate scheduling operation mode of the porous and high gate dam engineering with large single-width flow, low Froude number and large upstream and downstream water level amplitude is complex, and the water level boundary condition during operation is also complex. In the conventional underflow energy dissipation design, in order to reduce the length of the stilling pool as much as possible to save the engineering amount, part of energy dissipation areas are often positioned in the internal area of the lock chamber, the energy in the range is concentrated when the gate is opened, and the single-hole or small-hole operation is performed, and in addition, the energy dissipation rate of the underflow energy dissipater is low, and the flow velocity in the pool is high, so that the water flow turbulence in the energy dissipation areas of the lock chamber is strong. Especially, when pulsating pressure caused by water flow turbulence acts on a hydraulic structure of a high gate dam and a multihole gate, wherein the gate pier is high in height and thin, the structure is often induced to generate water flow slapping vibration, so that the deformation amplitude of the upper part of the structure is large, and the operation safety of the structure is influenced. When the downstream tail water is in a lower operation condition, a stable water jump is more difficult to form in the underflow stilling basin, the energy dissipation rate is low, the energy dissipation requirement cannot be met, and the influence degree of water flow slapping vibration on the gate chamber is also increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a flood discharge and energy dissipation structure which has simple structure type, better economy, low requirement on construction process and more convenient construction and can slow down the impact of water flow slapping vibration of a gate chamber of a high gate dam.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a slow down flood discharge dissipation structure of high-gate dam lock chamber rivers slap vibration influence, is including setting gradually the one-level stilling pond, second grade stilling pond and the tail bank in the lock chamber low reaches of sluice, the terminal export nose bank of lock chamber of sluice adopts flat sill, the first vertical bank that falls that sets up in the pond of one-level stilling pond, the one-level stilling pond afterbody sets up the upright continuous type stilling bank of upstream face, when continuous type stilling bank was located low water level operation control operating mode of low reaches, 1 ~ 2m on the critical point position upper reaches that submerged water leaps the emergence in the one-level stilling pond.
The flat bottom nose ridge and the vertical falling ridge enable the downstream to be in a low water level operation control working condition, and the lower leakage water jump head is located outside the sluice gate.
The continuous type force absorption ridge adopts an upright trapezoidal section of the upstream face, the height is 3-5 m, and the top elevation is 0.5-1 m higher than that of a tail ridge of the secondary force absorption pool.
The single width flow of the downward-discharging water flow in the flood discharging and energy dissipating structure is 150-200 m3The Froude number in the pool is 1-2, the flow velocity is 14-20 m/s, the height of the lock chamber is 30-50 m, and the transverse thickness of the lock chamber structure is 3-6 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the design concept that the conventional underflow energy dissipation outlet section is adopted to instantly form a submerged hydraulic jump for energy dissipation in the energy dissipation design of the general sluice engineering is broken through adjustment of the shapes of the outlet nose sill and the drop sill of the sluice chamber, the downward discharge water flow is controlled and guided, the far-driving type hydraulic jump far away from the sluice chamber is formed when the downstream low water level operates, and then the critical or slightly submerged hydraulic jump is formed for energy dissipation, so that the requirements of structural safety and normal use functions are met, and the method has better economy and has good exemplary and reference significance for the design of other similar engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flood discharge energy dissipation structure for alleviating the impact of water flow slapping vibration in a gate chamber of a high-gate dam according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1-sluice chamber;
2-first-stage stilling pool;
3-flat bottom ridge;
4-vertical drop sill;
5-continuous type absorption ridge;
6-secondary stilling pool;
7-end ridge.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the flood discharge energy dissipation structure for slowing down the impact of water flow slapping vibration in a lock chamber of a high-gate dam of the invention comprises a primary stilling pool 2, a secondary stilling pool 6 and a tail sill 7 which are sequentially arranged at the downstream of the lock chamber 1 of the high-gate dam, wherein a flat bottom sill 3 is adopted as an outlet sill at the tail end of the lock chamber 1 of the high-gate dam, a vertical falling sill 4 is arranged at the head of the pool of the primary stilling pool 2, a continuous stilling sill 5 which is upright facing the water surface is arranged at the tail part of the primary stilling pool 2, and when the continuous stilling sill 5 is positioned in the low-water-level operation control working condition at the downstream, the position of the upstream of a critical.
The flat bottom nose sill 3 and the vertical drop sill 4 enable the downstream to be in a low water level operation control working condition, and the lower leakage water jump head is located outside the sluice chamber 1.
The continuous type stilling sill 5 is a trapezoidal section with an upright upstream surface, the height is 3-5 m, and the top elevation is 0.5-1 m higher than that of a tail sill 7 sill of the secondary stilling pool.
The single width flow of the downward-discharging water flow in the flood discharging and energy dissipating structure is 150-200 m3The Froude number in the pool is 1-2, the flow velocity is 14-20 m/s, the height of the lock chamber is 30-50 m, and the transverse thickness of the lock chamber structure is 3-6 m.
The outlet threshold at the tail end of the lock chamber adopts a flat-bottom threshold, the pool head drop threshold is a vertical drop threshold, and the combination of the two thresholds enables the control working condition that the downstream is low-water-level operation to form a remote-drive water jump, so that the lower-leakage water jump head is positioned at the downstream side outside the lock chamber; a continuous stilling sill is arranged in the stilling pool at the lower part of the lock chamber to form a primary stilling pool and a secondary stilling pool, and the arrangement position of the continuous stilling sill is to ensure that the water flow in the primary stilling pool is in critical or slightly submerged hydraulic jump; the flat bottom nose ridge is arranged at the tail end of the gate chamber, the vertical falling ridge is arranged at the head of the stilling pool, so that a remote driving type hydraulic jump is formed under the control working condition of low-water-level operation at the downstream, the hydraulic jump is moved to the downstream and pushed out of the gate chamber, energy is dissipated behind the gate chamber, strong turbulence of water flow in the gate chamber is reduced, and the impact of the water flow on slapping vibration of a high-rise single-thin gate pier structure is relieved. By arranging the vertical continuous stilling threshold on the upstream face at the front section of the stilling pool, a critical or slightly submerged hydraulic jump is formed in the first-stage stilling pool, so as to facilitate energy dissipation. The device controls the height of the stilling threshold and the upstream body shape by controlling the secondary falling amplitude of water flow caused by overlarge height of the stilling threshold or unreasonable body shape setting, and avoiding overlarge energy increase of secondary energy dissipation protection. The residual energy after the first energy dissipation is further dissipated by a second-stage stilling pool behind the stilling threshold so as to achieve the energy dissipation target.
The following is a detailed description with reference to specific examples:
in a large hydropower station project, a main building of a junction consists of a concrete gate dam and a riverbed type factory building. The system is characterized in that an installation room, a plant host room, a left guide wall connecting dam section, a left 5-hole sand washing flood gate, a right guide wall connecting dam section, a right 7-hole sand washing flood gate, a right bank non-overflow dam section and the like are sequentially arranged from left to right. The width of the flood discharge gate pier is 5m, the clear width of a single hole is 14m, the maximum height of the gate pier at the tail end of the chamber is 37.5m, and the peak flood flow is designed for one hundred yearsThe amount is 27500m3The flow of the check flood peak in thousand years is 32600m3And s. According to the principle of opening the gate of the water outlet building, the left five-hole sand-washing flood discharge gate is opened first, and then the right seven-hole sand-washing flood discharge gate is opened. Therefore, the sand washing flood discharge gate with five left holes is frequently used and is the key point of downstream protection. When the left 5-hole sand-washing flood discharge gate is opened, single-hole or few-hole operation is performed, the single-width flow is large, the energy is concentrated, the flow speed is high, the water flow in the gate chamber is turbulent, the first-order fundamental frequency of the gate pier under the wet mode is about 2.0Hz, the first-order fundamental frequency is close to the transverse river direction oscillation mode fundamental frequency of the gate structure, and the coupling vibration of the structure is easy to occur; meanwhile, under the operating condition, because the upstream and downstream water level amplitude is large, the single width flow change of the stilling pool entering the pool is large, the Froude number is low, when the conventional underflow energy dissipation is adopted, the stilling pool has poor adaptability, a stable hydraulic leap flow state is difficult to form, the flow state of the water flow is poor, the energy dissipation rate is low, the water flow flows out of the tail sill of the stilling pool in a rapid flow form, the pool outlet flow speed of the stilling pool is 6-11 m/s and is greater than the shock resistance flow speed of bedrock, and a relatively serious scouring problem generally exists in the range of about 80m behind the tail sill.
The design of the downstream energy dissipation scour prevention structure not only meets the requirement of downstream energy dissipation scour prevention, but also reduces the influence of downward water flow on the slapping vibration of the gate pier as much as possible. In order to reduce the strong turbulence of water flow in the gate chamber and slow down the impact of the water flow on the slapping vibration of a high-rise single-thin gate pier structure, the downward-discharging water flow needs to be controlled and guided, is sent out of the gate chamber as smoothly as possible, and simultaneously jumps water to move downstream and is pushed out of the gate chamber. Therefore, a combined structural form of the flat bottom threshold and the vertical drop threshold is provided, and the purpose is to ensure that a remote drive hydraulic jump is formed under the control working condition that the downstream is operated at a low water level: a flat-bottom bucket is arranged at the tail end of the lock chamber to ensure the smooth downward discharge of water flow; and a vertical drop sill is arranged at the head of the stilling pool to form a remote driving hydraulic jump, and the jump head is pushed out of the lock chamber section. By adopting the structure, although the influence of water flow slapping vibration of the gate chamber is relieved, the energy is pushed to the downstream stilling pool. In order to solve the problem of water flow energy dissipation after the water flow goes out of a brake, simultaneously improve the energy dissipation rate as much as possible, slow down the water surface fluctuation of the water flow going out of the brake, reduce the length of a stilling pool and reduce the protection engineering quantity, a continuous stilling bank standing on the upstream side is arranged at the front section of the stilling pool to block up the water level, and a first-stage stilling pool is formed. The arrangement position of the stilling threshold is to ensure that the water flow in the first-stage stilling pool generates critical or slightly submerged hydraulic jump. In order to eliminate the energy of the downward-discharging water flow as soon as possible and increase the height of the stilling sill to increase the volume of the energy dissipation water body, the height of the stilling sill needs to be controlled in order to avoid the secondary drop of the water flow caused by the overlarge height of the stilling sill and the overlarge increase of the energy of the secondary energy dissipation protection of the secondary stilling pool. Meanwhile, hydraulic model tests prove that the upstream surface of the continuous type force-absorbing ridge is slightly lower than the water surface of the ridge top after water is dammed up by adopting a slope surface, and secondary falling of water flow after the force-absorbing ridge is reduced. And the residual energy after the first energy dissipation is further dissipated by a second-stage stilling pool behind the stilling threshold so as to achieve the energy dissipation target. Considering the reasons of the connection of the water flow at the outlet of the tail ridge behind the second-stage stilling pool and the downstream water level, the coordination of the heights of the first-stage stilling pool and the second-stage stilling pool tail ridge, the reduction of the energy required for braking in the second-stage stilling pool compared with the first-stage stilling pool and the like, the difference between the top heights of the stilling pool and the tail ridge is not large, and the top height of the second-stage stilling pool tail ridge is slightly lower than that of the first-stage stilling pool by 0.5-1 m.
The practice of the supported engineering shows that the structure of the invention aims at the high gate dam engineering with large single width flow, low Froude number and large upstream and downstream water level amplitude, through the combined structure type of arranging the flat bottom sill, the vertical falling sill, the primary stilling basin, the upstream vertical continuous stilling sill and the rear connected secondary stilling basin, the downward water flow firstly needs to form a far-driving hydraulic jump with controlled flow speed, the water flow energy is pushed out of the downstream side outside the gate chamber, the influence of the downward water flow on the slapping vibration of the gate chamber is avoided or slowed down, the energy of the far-driving hydraulic jump is controlled, and the continuous stilling sill for controlling the upward surface of the sill in the stilling basin is arranged for the first energy dissipation, so that the energy dissipation rate is improved, and the energy of the secondary energy dissipation protection is also controlled, thereby the length of the whole stilling basin is shortened, and the engineering protection amount is reduced. The energy dissipation structure pattern breaks through the design concept that the energy dissipation is carried out by adopting the conventional underflow energy dissipation outlet section to instantly form a submerged hydraulic jump in the energy dissipation design of the general sluice engineering, the discharged water flow is controlled and guided by adjusting the shape of the outlet structure, the remote-drive type hydraulic jump far away from the sluice chamber is firstly formed, and then the critical or slightly submerged hydraulic jump is formed to carry out the energy dissipation, so that the requirements of structural safety and normal use functions are met, and meanwhile, the energy dissipation structure pattern has better economy and has better demonstration and reference significance for the design of other similar engineering.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to carry out the same, and the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments, i.e. the equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a slow down flood discharge dissipation structure of high-gate dam lock chamber rivers slap vibration influence, including setting gradually one-level stilling pond (2), second grade stilling pond (6) and tail sill (7) in sluice lock chamber (1) low reaches, its characterized in that, the terminal export sill of sluice lock chamber (1) adopts flat sill (3), one-level stilling pond (2) pond head sets up vertical falling sill (4), one-level stilling pond (2) afterbody sets up-ward vertical continuous type stilling sill (5), when continuous type stilling sill (5) are located low water level operation control operating mode of low reaches, 1 ~ 2m in the critical point position upper reaches that submerged water leaps and takes place in one-level stilling pond (2).
2. The flood discharge energy dissipation structure for alleviating impact of water current slapping vibration in the gate chamber of the high-gate dam according to claim 1, wherein the flat bottom threshold (3) and the vertical drop threshold (4) enable the downstream to be in a low-water-level operation control working condition, and the downward water current jump head is positioned outside the gate chamber (1).
3. The flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for relieving the impact of water flow slapping vibration on the gate chamber of the high-gate dam according to claim 1, wherein the continuous absorption sill (5) adopts a trapezoidal section with an upright upstream surface, the height is 3-5 m, and the top elevation is 0.5-1 m higher than the sill top elevation of a tail sill (7) of the secondary absorption basin.
4. The relief for mitigating the impact of high-dam chamber water current slapping vibration of claim 1The flood dissipation structure is characterized in that the single width flow of downward discharge water flow in the flood discharge dissipation structure is 150-200 m3The Froude number in the pool is 1-2, the flow velocity is 14-20 m/s, the height of the lock chamber is 30-50 m, and the transverse thickness of the lock chamber structure is 3-6 m.
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| CN202010244208.3A CN111395276A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for slowing down impact of water flow slapping vibration of gate chamber of high-gate dam |
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| CN202010244208.3A CN111395276A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Flood discharge and energy dissipation structure for slowing down impact of water flow slapping vibration of gate chamber of high-gate dam |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116127585A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-05-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Design method of downstream energy dissipation safety area of steel dam gate |
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2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010244208.3A patent/CN111395276A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116127585A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-05-16 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Design method of downstream energy dissipation safety area of steel dam gate |
| CN116127585B (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-10-03 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Design method of downstream energy dissipation safety area of steel dam gate |
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