CN111390620A - Structure for supporting low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by magnetic suspension - Google Patents
Structure for supporting low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by magnetic suspension Download PDFInfo
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- CN111390620A CN111390620A CN202010291794.7A CN202010291794A CN111390620A CN 111390620 A CN111390620 A CN 111390620A CN 202010291794 A CN202010291794 A CN 202010291794A CN 111390620 A CN111390620 A CN 111390620A
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- clamp
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- machine tool
- torque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a structure for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by using magnetic suspension, which is used for offsetting the gravity of the machine tool clamp and lightening the compression of the clamp on a shaft due to self weight. The permanent magnet is installed on the clamp of the low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool, the magnetic conducting magnetic core and the electrified coil are installed on the periphery of the clamp, vertical upward suspension force is provided through interaction of a synthetic magnetic field and the clamp permanent magnet, the suspension force is offset with the self gravity of the clamp, the supporting effect of a driving motor shaft on the clamp is weakened, the phenomenon that the machine tool cannot normally process workpieces due to shaft bending deformation caused by compression of the self gravity of the clamp on the motor shaft is avoided, and the machining accuracy and the durability of the machine tool are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining and equipment manufacturing, in particular to a structure for supporting a low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by using magnetic suspension.
Background
In the numerical control machine tool, the electric main shaft combines the machine tool main shaft and the main shaft motor together, the belt wheel transmission and the gear transmission of a main transmission system of the high-speed numerical control machine tool can be eliminated, and the machine tool main shaft is directly driven by the built-in motor, so that the length of a machine tool main transmission chain is shortened to zero, and the zero transmission chain of the machine tool is realized. The spindle motor and the machine tool spindle are combined into a transmission structure form, so that a spindle component is relatively independent from a transmission system and an integral structure of the machine tool, and the spindle motor can be made into a spindle unit which is commonly called as an electric spindle. The electric main shaft technology research is early, and the technology lead is more and more applied to the industrial manufacturing industry. Compared with the domestic production, the foreign advanced electric spindle technology has several characteristics: 1. the power is high, and the rotating speed is high; 2. a high-speed and high-rigidity bearing is adopted; 3. the precision machining and precision assembly process level is high; 4. the level of the matched control system is high.
Even if the electric spindle numerical control machine tool still has the condition that the workpiece needs to be turned around for processing, the workpiece needs to be clamped for the second time, and the concentricity is difficult to guarantee. Under the condition that the requirement on the concentricity of mechanical assembly is high, Anhui south Anhui motor company Limited develops a low-speed high-torque high-efficiency permanent magnet motor to be matched with a numerical control machine tool, can process on two sides of a workpiece simultaneously, has the advantages of an electric spindle, and can well solve the problem of concentricity.
The spindle motor of the low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine tool is generally designed to have a large inner diameter structure because the interior thereof is designed to allow the workpiece to pass therethrough so that both ends of the workpiece can be simultaneously machined. Big internal diameter low-speed big torque electricity main shaft motor is including deciding rotor system, large-scale precision bearing support transition, big internal diameter hollow shaft system etc. its characterized in that: after the power supply is switched on, the motor drives the rotor to rotate at a low speed, and a workpiece can be additionally arranged on the large-inner-diameter hollow shaft of the rotor for processing.
Generally, in order to meet the requirements of low speed and high torque, considering cost factors and considering other performance requirements of the motor, the motor often has a smaller length-diameter ratio according to the design principle of the motor, so that the motor tends to be flat. The motor is flat, so that the force arm of the motor shaft bearing the motor supporting force to the shaft center is reduced, the supporting effect of the motor is weakened, and the shaft is easier to kink. In order to meet the requirement of bilateral processing, the motor uses a large-inner-diameter hollow shaft, so that the rigidity of the shaft is lower than that of a conventional motor shaft. Meanwhile, the workpiece clamp is clamped on the hollow shaft, the dead weight of the conventional clamp is large, two clamps are needed to clamp the workpiece during double-side machining, and the motor shaft is easy to be stressed by the dead weight of the clamp to generate inverted V-shaped deformation, so that the machining precision is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, provides a structure for supporting a low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by using magnetic suspension, overcomes the defects in the prior art, overcomes the gravity of the fixture by using magnetic field force, enables the fixture to suspend without pressing a motor shaft, reduces the deformation of the shaft, and improves the machining accuracy and durability of the low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine tool.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a structure for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by utilizing magnetic suspension, which comprises a low-speed large-torque spindle motor, a fixture and a base, wherein the low-speed large-torque spindle motor is fixed on the base, and the fixture is additionally arranged on a hollow shaft of the low-speed large-torque spindle motor, and is characterized by further comprising a fixture supporting device and a permanent magnet, wherein:
(1) the permanent magnet is fixed on the clamp;
(2) the clamp supporting device comprises a magnetic conduction ring and a shell made of a non-magnetic conduction material, the magnetic conduction ring is coaxially sleeved outside the clamp, the shell is sleeved outside the magnetic conduction ring and fixed on the base, an electrified coil is arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic conduction ring, the resultant force direction of a magnetic field generated by the action of a permanent magnet and the magnetic field of the electrified coil on a hollow shaft of the low-speed high-torque spindle motor is vertical upward, and the resultant force of the magnetic field on the hollow shaft of the low-speed high-torque spindle motor is the gravity of the clamp.
(3) The fixture is clamped on a hollow shaft of the low-speed large-torque spindle motor, the magnetic conduction ring is cylindrical and wraps the fixture, and the lower end of the magnetic conduction ring is fixed on the base. The two are concentric circles in space, an air gap is arranged in the middle, and the two share one mechanical base.
(4) The shell is rigidly connected with the magnetic conduction ring, and the magnetic conduction ring is directly pressed into the shell through interference fit of the shell and the magnetic conduction ring.
The invention relates to a structure for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by utilizing a magnetic suspension technology, which is characterized in that a low-speed large-torque spindle motor is an asynchronous motor, a synchronous motor or a direct-current motor.
A structure for supporting the fixture of low-speed and high-torque electric main shaft machine by magnetic suspension technique features that the fixture has a mounting slot on its surface, and the permanent magnet is matched with said mounting slot.
A structure for supporting a low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by using a magnetic suspension technology is characterized in that a permanent magnet is fixed in a mounting groove in a sticking mode.
A structure for supporting the fixture of low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine by magnetic suspension technique features that the magnetic conducting ring has a boss along its radial direction, and the electric coil is wound around the boss.
A structure for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by using a magnetic suspension technology is characterized in that a plurality of electrified coils are arranged and are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of a magnetic conduction ring along the circumferential direction of the magnetic conduction ring.
A structure for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by utilizing a magnetic suspension technology is characterized in that the sizes of electrifying currents of a plurality of electrifying coils can be respectively and independently adjusted.
A structure for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by using a magnetic suspension technology is characterized in that a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged and are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the clamp along the circumferential direction of the clamp.
The method for supporting the clamp by using the magnetic suspension technology comprises the following steps: (1) the position of the permanent magnet on the clamp is directly or indirectly detected through the existing mature technical modes such as a Hall sensor, a rotary transformer, detection back electromotive force and the like, and the spatial information of the magnetic field is obtained. (2) Each electrified coil on the magnetic conduction bulge of the supporting structure is connected to an external multichannel controllable power supply, and the external power supply can control the output current of each electrified coil to generate a synthetic magnetic field. (3) The interaction of the synthetic magnetic field of the electrified coil and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the clamp is controlled, so that the acting force of the magnetic field is vertical upward, and the acting force is the dead weight of the clamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the gravity of the clamp can be completely offset theoretically by overcoming the gravity of the clamp through magnetic field force, so that the hollow shaft of the low-speed high-torque spindle motor is not pressed by the clamp.
2) The motor shaft can be prevented from generating small deformation, the concentricity of two ends of a workpiece is guaranteed during machining, and machining error enlargement caused by dynamic eccentricity of the shaft during rotating machining due to bending deformation is also avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a portion of a low speed high torque electric spindle machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fixture of the present invention for holding permanent magnets and magnetically conductive material and energized coils of the support structure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the clamp under the action of magnetic field force.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. the low-speed large-torque spindle motor comprises a low-speed large-torque spindle motor body 2, a clamp supporting device 3, a clamp 4, a base 5, a magnetic conduction ring 6, an electrified coil 7, a permanent magnet 8 and a shell.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Fig. 1-2 show a structure for supporting a low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by using a magnetic levitation technology, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power part of the low-speed and high-torque electric spindle machine tool. In a conventional machine tool, a low-speed high-torque spindle motor 1 shown in fig. 1 is used, and a jig 3 shown in fig. 1 is attached to a hollow shaft of the low-speed high-torque spindle motor 1. The workpiece is clamped by the clamp 3, the low-speed high-torque spindle motor 1 drives the workpiece to rotate, and the cutter fixed on two sides is used for machining. The clamp holder 2 shown in fig. 1 is mainly composed of a closed magnetic conductive material and a non-magnetic conductive shell 8 covering the periphery of the clamp 3, and shares a set of base 4 shown in fig. 1 with the low-speed high-torque spindle motor 1.
As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of protrusions are processed on the magnetic conductive ring 5 of the supporting device and are uniformly distributed along the inner wall of the annular magnetic conductive material. The convex part is provided with an electrified coil 6, and the current magnitude direction in each coil can be controlled independently. The surface of the clamp 3 is provided with permanent magnets 7 which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the surface of the clamp. The method for acquiring the spatial position of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet of the fixture by using the sensor includes, but is not limited to, directly detecting the position by using a position sensor such as a rotary transformer and a hall sensor, and indirectly acquiring the position of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet by using methods such as detecting coil induced electromotive force by using a voltage sensor and a current sensor to judge the position of the magnetic field.
The clamp is subjected to magnetic field forces as shown in fig. 3. This example is fitted with 4 evenly distributed permanent magnets 7. Two axes are arranged along the center of the permanent magnet, the included angle between one axis and the vertical direction is theta, and two opposite permanent magnets are arranged on the same axis. The current in the coil is controlled to be in the magnitude and the direction, so that the resultant force of the magnetic fields generated by the action of the permanent magnet on one axis and the magnetic field of the coil is F1The other is F2Let F stand for1F2Satisfy the requirement of
F1＝mgcosθ
F2＝mgsinθ
Wherein m is the self mass of the clamp, and g is the gravity acceleration. And a vertical upward resultant force F can be generated and offset with the dead weight of the clamp.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an utilize magnetic suspension to support structure of big torque electricity main shaft machine tool anchor clamps of low-speed, includes big torque spindle motor of low-speed (1), anchor clamps (3) and base (4), and big torque spindle motor of low-speed fixes on base (4), and anchor clamps 3 add and hold on the hollow shaft of big torque spindle motor of low-speed (1), its characterized in that still includes anchor clamps strutting arrangement (2) and permanent magnet (7), wherein:
the permanent magnet (7) is fixed on the clamp (3);
the fixture supporting device (2) comprises a magnetic conduction ring (5) and a shell (8) made of a non-magnetic conduction material, the magnetic conduction ring (5) is coaxially sleeved outside the fixture, the shell (8) is sleeved outside the magnetic conduction ring (5) and fixed on the base (4), an electrified coil (6) is arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic conduction ring (5), the resultant force direction of a magnetic field generated by the magnetic field action of a permanent magnet (7) and the electrified coil (6) on the hollow shaft of the low-speed high-torque spindle motor (1) is vertical upward, and the resultant force of the magnetic field on the hollow shaft of the low-speed high-torque spindle motor (1) is the gravity of the fixture (3);
the fixture (3) is clamped on a hollow shaft of the low-speed large-torque spindle motor (1), the magnetic conduction ring (5) is cylindrical and wraps the fixture (3), the lower end of the magnetic conduction ring is fixed on the base (4), the fixture and the base are in concentric circles in space, an air gap is arranged between the fixture and the base, and the fixture and the base share one mechanical base (4);
the shell (8) is rigidly connected with the magnetic conduction ring (5), and the magnetic conduction ring (5) is directly pressed into the shell through interference fit of the shell (8) and the magnetic conduction ring (5).
2. The structure for supporting a low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp using magnetic suspension according to claim 1, wherein the low-speed high-torque spindle motor (1) is an asynchronous motor, a synchronous motor or a direct current motor.
3. The structure for supporting a clamp of a low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine by using magnetic suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the clamp (3) is provided with a mounting groove, and the permanent magnet (7) is matched with the mounting groove.
4. The structure for supporting a low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine tool clamp by magnetic suspension according to claim 3, characterized in that the permanent magnet (7) is fixed in the mounting groove by means of adhesion.
5. The structure for supporting the clamp of the low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine tool by utilizing the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetic conductive ring (5) is provided with a bulge along the radial direction thereof, and the energizing coil (6) is wound on the bulge.
6. The structure for supporting the clamp of the low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine tool by utilizing the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of electrified coils (6) are arranged, and the plurality of electrified coils are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the magnetic conductive ring (5) along the circumferential direction.
7. The structure for supporting the clamp of the low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine tool by utilizing the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 6, wherein the magnitude of the energizing current of the plurality of energizing coils (6) can be respectively and independently adjusted.
8. The structure for supporting the clamp of the low-speed high-torque electric spindle machine by using the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet (7) is provided in plurality, and the plurality of permanent magnets are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the clamp (3) along the circumferential direction of the clamp.
9. A method for supporting a low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by using magnetic suspension comprises the following steps: (1) the position of a permanent magnet (7) on a clamp (3) is directly or indirectly detected through a Hall sensor, a rotary transformer, a detection counter electromotive force and other mature technical modes, the spatial information of a magnetic field is obtained, (2) each electrified coil (6) on a magnetic conduction bulge of a support structure is connected to an external multichannel controllable power supply, the external power supply can control the output current of each electrified coil (6) to generate a synthetic magnetic field, (3) the synthetic magnetic field of each electrified coil (6) is controlled to interact with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (7) on the clamp (3), the acting force of the magnetic field is vertical upward, and the acting force is the dead weight of the clamp (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010291794.7A CN111390620A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Structure for supporting low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by magnetic suspension |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010291794.7A CN111390620A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Structure for supporting low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by magnetic suspension |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111390620A true CN111390620A (en) | 2020-07-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010291794.7A Pending CN111390620A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Structure for supporting low-speed large-torque electric spindle machine tool fixture by magnetic suspension |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112498645A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南机电职业技术学院 | Locking assembly for limiting shaft state |
| CN114654284A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-06-24 | 山东大学 | Electromagnetic drive flexible active intelligent supporting system for precision machining of rod parts |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997048172A1 (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-18 | Emerson Electric Co. | Reluctance machine with permanent magnet rotor excitations |
| JPH10290558A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-27 | Nippon Electric Ind Co Ltd | Magnetic sr motor |
| CN102155492A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Mixed type driving and driven magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN103337938A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-10-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | 12/4 pole single winding bearingless switch reluctance motor and control method thereof |
| CN106130277A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-16 | 顾志强 | A kind of magneto switched reluctance machines |
| CN206727813U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-12-08 | 殷笠 | A kind of big torsion electric spindle motor of low speed |
| CN110943647A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-31 | 南京工业大学 | Novel magnetic suspension axial magnetic flux doubly salient permanent magnet motor |
-
2020
- 2020-04-14 CN CN202010291794.7A patent/CN111390620A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997048172A1 (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-18 | Emerson Electric Co. | Reluctance machine with permanent magnet rotor excitations |
| JPH10290558A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-10-27 | Nippon Electric Ind Co Ltd | Magnetic sr motor |
| CN102155492A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-08-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Mixed type driving and driven magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN103337938A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-10-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | 12/4 pole single winding bearingless switch reluctance motor and control method thereof |
| CN106130277A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-16 | 顾志强 | A kind of magneto switched reluctance machines |
| CN206727813U (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-12-08 | 殷笠 | A kind of big torsion electric spindle motor of low speed |
| CN110943647A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-31 | 南京工业大学 | Novel magnetic suspension axial magnetic flux doubly salient permanent magnet motor |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112498645A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南机电职业技术学院 | Locking assembly for limiting shaft state |
| CN114654284A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-06-24 | 山东大学 | Electromagnetic drive flexible active intelligent supporting system for precision machining of rod parts |
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