CN111388602A - Lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111388602A CN111388602A CN202010326997.5A CN202010326997A CN111388602A CN 111388602 A CN111388602 A CN 111388602A CN 202010326997 A CN202010326997 A CN 202010326997A CN 111388602 A CN111388602 A CN 111388602A
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Classifications
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- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/074—Ganoderma
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
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- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/37—Extraction at elevated pressure or temperature, e.g. pressurized solvent extraction [PSE], supercritical carbon dioxide extraction or subcritical water extraction
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Abstract
A suspension containing Ganoderma and herba Dendrobii and its preparation method are provided. A lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension comprises the following components in percentage by mass: glossy ganoderma is carried20-30% of the extract powder, 65-75% of the dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98-4.99% of water and 0.01-0.02% of a sweetening agent, and the preparation method of the suspension comprises the following steps: pulverizing Ganoderma encarpium, and supercritical CO extracting2The method comprises the steps of extracting to remove fat-soluble impurities, extracting with ethanol, filtering, concentrating, drying and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain lucid ganoderma extract powder, freeze-drying the dendrobium officinale, extracting at a low temperature, centrifuging the extract to obtain a dendrobium officinale extract, suspending the lucid ganoderma extract powder and the dendrobium officinale extract, dissolving a sweetening agent in water, mixing the water and the suspension, and carrying out aseptic filling to obtain a finished product, wherein the content of triterpenic acid in the lucid ganoderma is more than or equal to 30mg/m L, and the content of polysaccharide is more than or equal to 35mg/m L.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of natural product extraction and separation, health-care food and preparation, and particularly relates to a ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma lucidum (L eyss. ex Fr.) Karst.) is one of Ganoderma lucidum (one part of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition) belonging to Polyporaceae, has sweet taste, and can strengthen body resistance and consolidate constitution, the main active ingredients are Ganoderma lucidum triterpene and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, the Ganoderma lucidum triterpene has various pharmacological effects of antioxidation, immunity regulation, antitumor, liver protection, blood sugar reduction, bacteriostasis, etc., the content of Ganoderma lucidum triterpene in Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body is very low, about 0.5-1% of the weight of dried fruiting body, and is insoluble in water, and can be made into capsule, tablet and powder, after being taken, the Ganoderma lucidum triterpene is difficult to dissolve and absorb in digestive tract, and has low bioavailability, and in addition, part of Ganoderma lucidum triterpene has long taste bud retention time and poor taste, and affects the compliance of users.
The Dendrobium officinale is dry stem of Dendrobium officinale (Dendrobium officinale Kimum et Migo) of Orchidaceae, is sweet and slightly cold in taste, can benefit stomach and promote fluid production, contains Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide as main active ingredient, and has various pharmacological effects of resisting oxidation, regulating immunity, resisting tumor, reducing blood sugar, promoting digestion, etc. The content of the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide in the dendrobium officinale is more than 25%, meanwhile, the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide also contains a large amount of substances such as pectin and the like, the dendrobium officinale water extract is sticky and difficult to filter and dry into powder, and in addition, the three-dimensional structure of the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide is easy to inactivate in a high-temperature environment, so that the pharmacological activity of the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide is influenced.
The invention discloses a dendrobium candidum ganoderma lucidum capsule (CN 102772313.9). the dendrobium candidum ganoderma lucidum capsule is prepared by firstly crushing a dendrobium candidum raw material by a supersonic airflow crusher to obtain dendrobium candidum super-particles with the particle size of 1-75 mu m; meanwhile, the ganoderma lucidum raw material super-particles are crushed to obtain the ganoderma lucidum super-particles with the particle size of less than 2 mu m. Mixing the Dendrobium officinale super-particles and the lucid ganoderma super-particles, and directly filling the capsules in the form of crude drug powder to obtain the capsule. Because the content of the active ingredients in the crude drug is low, for example, the active ingredient ganoderma triterpene of ganoderma lucidum has extremely low content in the ganoderma lucidum raw material; due to the limitation of the filling amount of the capsule (0.1-1.0 g), the daily dose is often difficult to reach the lower limit of 6g in Chinese pharmacopoeia, and the pharmacological action is influenced.
The patent discloses a microwave vacuum freeze-drying method of dendrobium candidum and lucid ganoderma superfine powder (CN109594974A), the dendrobium candidum and lucid ganoderma superfine powder only extracts water-soluble components of lucid ganoderma and dendrobium candidum, only contains polysaccharide and does not contain triterpene. However, the microwave in the microwave drying means can affect the spatial structure of the polysaccharide like high temperature, so that the ganoderan and the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide are easily inactivated, and the pharmacological action is affected.
The glossy ganoderma and the dendrobium officinale have more than thousand years of medicinal history in China, are listed as the first and the second of eight immortals and grasses, and are praised as 'life saving grasses' by the nation. The two have main medicinal characteristic components, and if the two are strongly combined to prepare a suspension, the medicinal components of the suspension have synergistic action to further enhance the medicinal effect. At present, as a pharmaceutical dosage form, a suspension is usually prepared by dispersing a poorly soluble solid raw material drug in a liquid medium with the aid of an auxiliary material to prepare a suspension for oral administration. The suspension has the advantages of good dispersion degree, quick effect, high bioavailability, easy administration for dysphagia patients, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the products in the patents and provides a lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension which is weak in bitter taste, convenient to carry in daily life, free of obstacle in taking and stable in effect and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension is characterized by comprising, by mass, 20-30% of lucid ganoderma extract powder, 65-75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98-4.99% of water and 0.01-0.02% of a sweetening agent, wherein the content of lucid ganoderma triterpenic acid is more than or equal to 30mg/m L, and the content of polysaccharide is more than or equal to 35mg/m L.
A suspension of lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale is characterized in that the preparation method of the suspension comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum extract powder comprises the following steps: collecting mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying to water content below 3%, pulverizing into 10 mesh granules, and extracting with supercritical CO2The extraction technology removes fat-soluble impurities, the extraction pressure is 25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, the separation pressure is 6MPa, the separation temperature is 45 ℃, and CO is removed2Adding 95% edible alcohol with the weight 12 times that of the ganoderma lucidum particles at the flow rate of 600L/hr, stirring and extracting at 85 ℃ for 2hr to obtain a first extracting solution, adding 95% edible alcohol with the weight 10 times that of the ganoderma lucidum particles, extracting for 2hr, combining the second extracting solution, concentrating, drying, and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain ganoderma lucidum extract powder, wherein the particle size of the ganoderma lucidum extract powder is 5-10 mu m, and the content of ganoderma triterpenic acid is more than or equal to 15%;
the preparation method of the dendrobium officinale extracting solution comprises the following steps: collecting mature dendrobium officinale fresh strips, cutting into sections, freeze-drying, controlling the water content to be below 3%, crushing into 10-20-mesh particles, adding water with the weight being 15-20 times that of the dendrobium officinale particles, stirring and leaching at the low temperature of 4 ℃ for 8 hours, separating the leaching solution through a horizontal screw centrifuge, controlling the rotating speed of a rotary drum of the horizontal centrifuge to be 2700r/min, controlling the separation factor to be 1240g, controlling the turbidity of the separated turbid solution to be below 20nut, and obtaining a dendrobium officinale extracting solution, wherein the viscosity is 8-10 mPa & s, and the polysaccharide content is more than or equal to 5%;
the preparation method of the ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension comprises the following steps: the weight percentages of the components are as follows: 20-30% of ganoderma lucidum extract powder, 65-75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98-4.99% of water and 0.01-0.02% of sweetening agent, suspending the ganoderma lucidum extract and the dendrobium officinale extract to obtain a suspension, dissolving the sweetening agent in water, uniformly mixing, adding water into the suspension, uniformly stirring, and carrying out aseptic filling to obtain a finished product.
The invention extracts and utilizes the effective components of ganoderma triterpene and dendrobium officinale polysaccharide which have the effects of resisting bacteria, oxidation and tumors and improving the immunity of human bodies in ganoderma and dendrobium officinale, and can further exert the bacteriostatic activity of the ganoderma extract; the high-viscosity physical characteristic of the dendrobium officinale extracting solution can reduce the bitter taste of ganoderma triterpene, and can be used as a suspension material, the ganoderma lucidum extract micro powder is suspended to prepare a suspension which is convenient to carry in daily life, free of obstacle in taking and stable in effect, other auxiliary materials are not required to be added for suspending, and the suspension disclosed by the invention is evaluated to be free of bitter taste by a classical population taste evaluation method.
The Ganoderma is dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum (L ems. ex Fr.) Karst. of Polyporaceae recorded in pharmacopoeia 2015 edition, and comprises triterpene and sterol and oleanolic acid (C)30H48O3) Not less than 0.50% in terms of weight.
The Dendrobium officinale is an undried stem of Dendrobium officinale Kimum et Migo of Orchidaceae recorded in the first pharmacopoeia 2015 edition of the people's republic of China, and the polysaccharide of Dendrobium officinale is anhydrous glucose (C)6H12O6) Not less than 6.0% in terms of weight.
The sweetener is stevioside, mogroside, thaumatin, neotame or a combination of the four in different proportions.
The water is sterile purified water.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention adopts elaborate process design, selects the ganoderma lucidum extract powder, the dendrobium officinale extract, the sweetener and the water, and prepares the ganoderma lucidum extract powder, the dendrobium officinale extract, the sweetener and the water according to scientific mixture ratio, and has the beneficial effects that:
1. ganoderma fruiting body contains small amount of fat-soluble impurities, is easily dissolved in 95% edible alcohol during extraction, and can damage suspension stability when added into suspension system to cause delamination and supercritical CO2The extraction technology can remove lipid-soluble impurities in Ganoderma fruiting body. Extracting GanodermaThe powder remains stable in the suspension system.
2. The Ganoderma triterpene in Ganoderma extract powder has pharmacological activity of inhibiting bacteria growth, can be used as natural organic bacteriostatic agent instead of chemical synthetic bacteriostatic agent, prolongs shelf life of suspension, and avoids negative cognition of consumer (consumer prefers to purchase food without food additive under selective condition).
3. The dendrobium officinale is rich in water and polysaccharide, and bacteria are easy to breed when the dendrobium officinale is not dried in time, so that the microorganism indexes are abnormal. Meanwhile, the complex spatial structure of the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide is easily inactivated by heat, and the pharmacological activity of the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide is reduced while the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide is dried at high temperature. The method adopts a freeze drying technology, prolongs the storage life of the raw materials, adopts a low-temperature stirring and leaching technology at 4 ℃ and a separation technology of a horizontal centrifuge, and effectively retains the pharmacological activity of the dendrobium officinale while obtaining the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide.
4. The dendrobium officinale is rich in natural high molecular polymers such as polysaccharide, pectin and the like, the leaching liquor of the dendrobium officinale is extremely difficult to filter and separate, but the dendrobium officinale has high viscosity, can replace chemical synthetic pharmaceutic adjuvants such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the like, and can avoid negative cognition of consumers when being used as a natural organic suspension. Meanwhile, the dendrobium officinale leaching liquor can effectively block diffusion of ganoderma triterpenes in the oral cavity, so that the time of the ganoderma extract powder acting on taste buds is reduced, and the bitterness of the ganoderma extract powder is reduced.
5. The natural organic sweetening agent is adopted, so that the sweetness is extremely high, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the monosaccharide content in the suspension is greatly reduced, so that the sugar-increasing value (GI) of the suspension is close to zero; meanwhile, the ganoderma triterpene and the dendrobium officinale polysaccharide in the suspension have pharmacological effects of assisting in reducing blood sugar, and are suitable for people with high blood sugar and diabetics.
6. The invention takes ganoderma triterpene and dendrobium candidum polysaccharide as effective components to perform synergistically: antibacterial, antioxidant, immunity regulating, antitumor, liver protecting, and digestion promoting effects.
7. The invention adopts the technical scheme that the ganoderma lucidum and dendrobium candidum suspension is characterized in that the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpenic acid is more than or equal to 30mg/m L, the content of polysaccharide is more than or equal to 35mg/m L, and no bitter taste is evaluated by adopting a classical population taste evaluation method.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention and modifications or alterations to the methods, procedures or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and nature of the invention.
The method for detecting the ganoderma triterpenic acid is a method for detecting the ganoderma triterpenes in the ganoderma extract (alcohol extract) of the plant extract of the group standard T/CCCHMPIE 1.49-2019.
The method for detecting the viscosity is the third method of the viscosity measuring method of the four general rules 0633 in the pharmacopoeia 2015 edition of the people's republic of China.
The detection method of the crude polysaccharide is a detection method of polysaccharide in the content determination of dendrobium officinale recorded in pharmacopoeia 2015 edition one of the people's republic of China.
The lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension consists of 20-30% of lucid ganoderma extract powder, 65-75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98-4.99% of water and 0.01-0.02% of sweetening agent by mass, wherein the content of lucid ganoderma triterpenic acid is more than or equal to 30mg/m L, the content of polysaccharide is more than or equal to 35mg/m L, and the mass percentages of the components are as follows:
preparing ganoderma lucidum extract powder: collecting mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying to water content below 3%, pulverizing into 10 mesh granules, and extracting with supercritical CO2The extraction technology removes fat-soluble impurities, the extraction pressure is 25MPa, the temperature is 40 ℃, the separation pressure is 6MPa, the temperature is 45 ℃, and CO is2Adding 12 times of 95% edible alcohol at a flow rate of 600L/hr, stirring and extracting at 85 deg.C for 2hr to obtain a primary extract, adding 10 times of 95% edible alcohol for extracting for 2hr, mixing the secondary extracts, concentrating, drying, and micronizing to obtain Ganoderma extract powder with particle diameter of 5-10 μm and Ganoderma triterpenic acid content of not less than 15%;
preparing a dendrobium officinale extracting solution: collecting mature dendrobium officinale fresh strips, cutting into sections, freeze-drying, controlling the water content to be below 3%, crushing into 10-20-mesh particles, adding 15-20 times of water, stirring and extracting at a low temperature, wherein the extraction temperature is 4 ℃, the extraction time is 8 hours, centrifuging an extracting solution through a horizontal centrifuge, the rotating speed of a rotating drum of the horizontal centrifuge is 2700r/min, the separation factor is 1240g, the turbidity of the separated turbid solution reaches below 20nut, and obtaining a dendrobium officinale extracting solution, wherein the viscosity is 8-10 mPa & s, and the polysaccharide content is more than or equal to 5%;
the preparation method of the ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension comprises the following steps: the weight percentages of the components are as follows: 20-30% of ganoderma lucidum extract powder, 65-75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98-4.99% of water and 0.01-0.02% of sweetening agent, suspending the ganoderma lucidum extract and the dendrobium officinale extract to obtain a suspension, dissolving the sweetening agent in water, uniformly mixing, adding water into the suspension, uniformly stirring, and carrying out aseptic filling to obtain a finished product.
Example 1
Preparing ganoderma lucidum extract powder: collecting mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying to water content below 3%, pulverizing into 10 mesh granules, and extracting with supercritical CO2The extraction technology removes fat-soluble impurities, the extraction pressure is 25MPa, the temperature is 40 ℃, the separation pressure is 6MPa, the temperature is 45 ℃, and CO is2The flow rate is 600L/hr, 100kg of the degreased particles are added with 1200kg of 95% edible alcohol, stirred and extracted at 85 ℃ for 2hr to obtain a primary extracting solution, 1000kg of 95% edible alcohol is added for extraction for 2hr, the secondary extracting solutions are combined, concentrated, dried and subjected to superfine grinding to obtain about 5kg of ganoderma extract powder, the particle size of the ganoderma extract powder is 5-10 mu m, and the content of ganoderma triterpenic acid is 15.9%;
preparing a dendrobium officinale extracting solution: collecting mature fresh dendrobium officinale strips, cutting into sections, freeze-drying, controlling the water content to be below 3%, crushing into 10-20-mesh particles, adding 20 times of water into 10kg of the particles, stirring and extracting at a low temperature of 4 ℃, extracting for 8 hours, centrifuging an extracting solution through a horizontal centrifuge, wherein the rotating speed of a rotary drum of the horizontal centrifuge is 2700r/min, the separation factor is 1240g, the turbidity of the separated turbid solution is below 20nut, and obtaining the dendrobium officinale extracting solution, wherein the viscosity is 8.4mPa & s, and the polysaccharide content is 5.07%;
the lucid ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension is prepared by the following components, by mass, 20% of lucid ganoderma extract powder, 75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.99% of water and 0.01% of sweetener, wherein the lucid ganoderma extract and the dendrobium officinale extract are firstly suspended to obtain suspension, the sweetener is dissolved in the water and uniformly mixed, the water and the suspension are uniformly mixed, aseptic filling is carried out, a sample 1 is obtained, and the content of triterpenic acid in lucid ganoderma is detected to be 31.4mg/ml, and the content of polysaccharide is detected to be 35.0mg/m L.
Example 2
Preparing ganoderma lucidum extract powder: collecting mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying to water content below 3%, pulverizing into 10 mesh granules, and extracting with supercritical CO2The extraction technology removes fat-soluble impurities, the extraction pressure is 25MPa, the temperature is 40 ℃, the separation pressure is 6MPa, the temperature is 45 ℃, and CO is2The flow rate is 600L/hr, 100kg of the degreased particles are added with 1200kg of 95% edible alcohol, stirred and extracted at 85 ℃ for 2hr to obtain a primary extracting solution, 1000kg of 95% edible alcohol is added for extraction for 2hr, the secondary extracting solutions are combined, concentrated, dried and subjected to superfine grinding to obtain about 5kg of ganoderma extract powder, the particle size of the ganoderma extract powder is 5-10 mu m, and the content of ganoderma triterpenic acid is 15.9%;
preparing a dendrobium officinale extracting solution: collecting mature fresh dendrobium officinale strips, cutting into sections, freeze-drying, controlling the water content to be below 3%, crushing into 10-20-mesh particles, adding 18 times of water into 10kg of the particles, stirring and extracting at a low temperature of 4 ℃, extracting for 8 hours, centrifuging an extracting solution through a horizontal centrifuge, wherein the rotating speed of a rotary drum of the horizontal centrifuge is 2700r/min, the separation factor is 1240g, the turbidity of the separated turbid solution is below 20nut, and obtaining a dendrobium officinale extracting solution, wherein the viscosity is 9.0mPa & s, and the polysaccharide content is 5.47%;
the preparation method of the ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension comprises the following steps: the weight percentages of the components are as follows: 20% of ganoderma lucidum extract powder, 75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.99% of water and 0.01% of sweetener, wherein the ganoderma lucidum extract and the dendrobium officinale extract are firstly suspended to obtain suspension, the sweetener is dissolved in water and uniformly mixed, then the water and the suspension are uniformly mixed, and aseptic filling is carried out to obtain a sample 2, and the content of triterpenic acid in ganoderma lucidum is detected to be 34.5mg/ml, and the content of polysaccharide is detected to be 35.1 mg/ml.
Example 3
Preparing ganoderma lucidum extract powder: collecting mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying to water content below 3%, pulverizing into 10 mesh granules, and extracting with supercritical CO2The extraction technology removes fat-soluble impurities, the extraction pressure is 25MPa, the temperature is 40 ℃, the separation pressure is 6MPa, the temperature is 45 ℃, and CO is2The flow rate is 600L/hr, 100kg of the degreased particles are added with 1200kg of 95% edible alcohol, stirred and extracted at 85 ℃ for 2hr to obtain a primary extracting solution, 1000kg of 95% edible alcohol is added for extraction for 2hr, the secondary extracting solutions are combined, concentrated, dried and subjected to superfine grinding to obtain about 5kg of ganoderma extract powder, the particle size of the ganoderma extract powder is 5-10 mu m, and the content of ganoderma triterpenic acid is 16.1%;
preparing a dendrobium officinale extracting solution: collecting mature fresh dendrobium officinale strips, cutting into sections, freeze-drying, controlling the water content to be below 3%, crushing into 10-20-mesh particles, adding 15 times of water into 10kg of the particles, stirring and extracting at a low temperature of 4 ℃, extracting for 8 hours, centrifuging an extracting solution through a horizontal centrifuge, wherein the rotating speed of a rotary drum of the horizontal centrifuge is 2700r/min, the separation factor is 1240g, the turbidity of the separated turbid solution is below 20nut, and obtaining a dendrobium officinale extracting solution, wherein the viscosity is 9.5mPa & s, and the polysaccharide content is 5.81%;
the preparation method of the ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension comprises the following steps: the weight percentages of the components are as follows: 30% of ganoderma lucidum extract powder, 65% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98% of water and 0.02% of sweetener, wherein the ganoderma lucidum extract powder and the dendrobium officinale extract are firstly suspended to obtain suspension, the sweetener is dissolved in water and uniformly mixed, then the water and the suspension are uniformly mixed, and aseptic filling is carried out to obtain a sample 3, and the content of triterpenic acid in ganoderma lucidum is detected to be 41.3mg/ml, and the content of polysaccharide is detected to be 35.8 mg/ml.
Experimental test example 1
Determination of stability:
samples 1, 2, 3 were taken for stability studies according to the sedimentation volume ratio method of 0123 oral suspension according to pharmacopoeia 2015 edition four general rules of the people's republic of China: measuring the sample 50ml with a measuring cylinder, sealing, shaking for 1min, and recording the initial height H of the suspension0Standing for 3H, recording the final high-H of the suspension, and calculating according to the following formulaCalculating:
the results are as follows:
TABLE 1 sedimentation volume ratio of suspension containing Ganoderma lucidum and Dendrobium officinale
The sedimentation volume ratios of the samples 1, 2 and 3 are all larger than 0.90, and the samples are judged to be qualified
Experimental test example 2
The current evaluation methods for bitterness mainly include in vivo and in vitro methods of class 2. The former includes population test, animal electrophysiological test, etc., and the latter can adopt release test, biochemical test, taste sensor, etc. The most common in-vivo taste evaluation method is the classic population taste evaluation method (mouth taste method for short). It is the most direct evaluation method and also the basis for evaluating in vitro and in vivo correlation in vitro methods.
Classic population taste evaluation method experimental materials: berberine hydrochloride reference, purified water, samples 1, 2, 3
The experimental method comprises the following steps:
1, determining bitterness evaluation grades and grading ranges of all levels:
TABLE 2 qualitative description, rating and quantitative Range of bitterness values (I)
2, preparation of positive and negative solutions:
the preparation of the positive solution comprises the steps of precisely weighing 500mg of berberine hydrochloride reference substances, placing the berberine hydrochloride reference substances in a 100m L measuring flask, adding 50m L of water, shaking for uniform dissolution, transferring the berberine hydrochloride reference substances to a 1000m L measuring flask, adding water to the scale to obtain a No. 5 solution, placing No. 5 solutions 200, 100 and 20m L in a 1000m L measuring flask, adding water to the scale to obtain the scale, marking the scale as No. 4, 3 and No. 2 solutions respectively, placing 1000m L of pure water in a l000 m L beaker to obtain the No. 1 solution, wherein the berberine hydrochloride in the No. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 reference solutions has the mass concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.50 g/L, the corresponding bitterness grades of I, II, III, IV and V, and the corresponding I values of 1.0, 2.0,3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 respectively.
The bitter taste value is determined by testing reference solutions, respectively taking 30m L reference solutions with various concentrations in a mouth-tasting paper cup, putting 20 volunteers (11 males, 9 females, age 23-51 years) in the mouth, timing for 10s, carrying out mouth rinsing action in the mouth so that the bitter taste perception area of the tongue can perceive the bitter taste of the drug, informing the bitter grade and specific bitter value of the solution, spitting out, rinsing for 5 times until no bitter taste exists in the mouth, and measuring another concentration of the reference solution after 20 min.
And (3) determination of a sample: according to the mouth taste of the volunteer, and the comparison with a reference solution, firstly, determining the bitterness grade according to the bitterness expression in the table 1, and recording the bitterness grade in a pre-designed medicine bitterness description table; then according to the relative bitterness of each liquid medicine in the same grade, a specific bitterness value is given to the sample to be tasted within the value range allowed by the bitterness value of the grade. And filled into the above-mentioned "bitter taste description table of the medicine"; rinse 5 times until no bitterness in the mouth, and measure another sample after 20 min. In addition, when the tested person tests the sample in the experiment, the method from low bitterness to high bitterness is adopted to gradually test the sample. The results are as follows:
TABLE 3 bitterness of Ganoderma lucidum and Dendrobium officinale suspension
The bitterness values of the samples 1, 2 and 3 are all less than 1.5, and the samples are judged to have no bitterness
Experimental test example 3
Microbiological indicator detection
Placing the samples 1, 2 and 3 in a constant temperature and humidity box 90d at the temperature of 37 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of 75 +/-5%, sampling and detecting microbial indexes, wherein the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 4 microbiological indicator results
The microorganism detection indexes of the samples 1, 2 and 3 are qualified, which shows that the ganoderma triterpene in the ganoderma extract in the suspension has obvious bacteriostatic effect.
Claims (2)
1. The suspension is characterized by comprising, by mass, 20-30% of ganoderma lucidum extract powder, 65-75% of dendrobium officinale extract, 4.98-4.99% of water and 0.01-0.02% of a sweetening agent, wherein the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpenic acid is not less than 30mg/m L, and the content of polysaccharide is not less than 35mg/m L.
2. A method for preparing a ganoderma and dendrobium officinale suspension is characterized in that the preparation method of ganoderma extract powder comprises the following steps: collecting mature Ganoderma, cleaning, oven drying to water content below 3%, pulverizing into 10 mesh granules, and extracting with supercritical CO2The extraction technology removes fat-soluble impurities, the extraction pressure is 25MPa, the extraction temperature is 40 ℃, the separation pressure is 6MPa, the separation temperature is 45 ℃, and CO is removed2The flow rate is 600L/hr, 95% edible alcohol with the weight being 12 times of that of the ganoderma lucidum particles is added, stirring extraction is carried out for 2hr at 85 ℃ to obtain a first extracting solution, 10% 95% edible alcohol with the weight being 10 times of that of the ganoderma lucidum particles is added for extraction for 2hr, secondary extracting solutions are combined, concentrated, dried and subjected to superfine grinding to obtain ganoderma lucidum extract powder, the particle size of the ganoderma lucidum extract powder is 5-10 mu m, the content of triterpenic acid in ganoderma lucidum is more than or equal to 15%, the preparation method of the dendrobium officinale extracting solution comprises the steps of collecting mature fresh dendrobium officinale strips, cutting, freeze-drying, controlling the water content to be less than 3%, grinding into 10-20-mesh particles, adding water with the weight being 15-20 times of the dendrobium officinale particles, stirring extraction at the low temperature of 4 ℃ for 8hr, separating an extracting solution through a horizontal centrifuge, rotating a rotating drum of the horizontal centrifuge at 2700r/min, the separation factor is 1240g, the turbidity of the separated turbid solution reaches less than 20 nutt to obtain a dendrobium officinale extracting solution, the viscosity is 8-10 mPas, the content of polysaccharide is more than or equal to 5%, and the dendrobium officinale suspension is prepared by mixing the dendrobium officinale suspension with 20.01-98.02%, the dendrobium officinale extract powder, and the dendrobium officinaleSuspending, dissolving sweetener in water, mixing, adding water into the suspension, stirring, and aseptic packaging to obtain the final product.
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