CN111381172A - Micro-grid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system and control method - Google Patents

Micro-grid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111381172A
CN111381172A CN201811619804.4A CN201811619804A CN111381172A CN 111381172 A CN111381172 A CN 111381172A CN 201811619804 A CN201811619804 A CN 201811619804A CN 111381172 A CN111381172 A CN 111381172A
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unit
lithium ion
fuel cell
ion battery
energy storage
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季孟波
马学明
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Tianjin Yinlong Energy Co ltd
Yinlong New Energy Co Ltd
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Tianjin Yinlong Energy Co ltd
Yinlong New Energy Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-grid-based battery testing and formation and partial capacity coupling system, which comprises a fuel battery testing unit, an energy storage unit, a lithium ion battery formation and partial capacity unit, an inversion unit and an energy management unit, wherein the fuel battery testing unit is connected with the energy storage unit; the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit and the inversion unit, and direct current interfaces of the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit and the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit are connected to a direct current bus L1; one end of the inversion unit is connected with an external power grid, and the other end of the inversion unit is connected with a direct current bus L1; the control method of the microgrid-based battery formation capacity-sharing coupling system is further disclosed. The invention avoids the energy waste caused by the conventional resistance load consuming the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy, and simultaneously saves the extra electric energy consumption for the resistance load cooling equipment.

Description

Micro-grid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system and control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell testing, and particularly relates to a micro-grid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system and a control method.
Background
Large-scale research, validation and testing of fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems and fuel cell engines are indispensable steps before fuel cell applications. Since the fuel cell itself is a power generation device that continuously consumes hydrogen, the first scheme in the conventional performance test process is to consume the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system by heat energy using a resistive load, resulting in waste of resources and increase of cost. In addition, in the process of releasing heat energy, the commonly used electronic load needs to be radiated by a cooling tower, a large fan, an air conditioner and the like so as to ensure the normal operation of the electronic load, and therefore extra electric energy is needed; for the fuel cell power system for the new energy automobile, the power exceeds 30kW and even reaches 100kW, the electronic load test mode is adopted, so that great electric energy waste is generated, and the test cost is increased.
The second solution is to use a feed-grid type electronic load to feed back the electrical energy output during the fuel cell test to the grid. Although the scheme can effectively avoid the heat consumption of the fuel cell in the test discharging process, due to the complex diversity of the test process (such as frequent start-stop loading, acceleration, test polarization curve and the like) and multi-stack parallel test and the like, when the fuel cell feeds power to the power grid, the high-frequency harmonic interference on the power grid is serious, the power grid is difficult to process, the power quality of the power grid is seriously influenced, and even the impact on the power grid is caused.
The third scheme is that the electric energy output in the test process of the fuel cell is led into the fuel cell to be recycled by obtaining hydrogen through a water electrolysis hydrogen production mode. However, the efficiency of converting hydrogen into electricity in the operation process of the fuel cell is generally 50% (based on the low heating value LHV of hydrogen), and although the theoretical electrolytic efficiency of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water again by using the generated electricity is very high (the apparent conversion efficiency can even reach 100% -122%), the electric energy conversion efficiency of factors such as heating and temperature rise, generated polarization overpotential and the like which are required for improving the hydrogen production rate in industry is only 50% -70%. The complete cycle efficiency of hydrogen → fuel cell → electrolytic cell → hydrogen is only 30%, the energy loss is over 70%, the energy utilization rate is extremely low, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (especially the solid electrolyte membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system using noble metal platinum or iridium as catalyst) has higher cost and shorter service life. Therefore, the solution is not economical, and has the problems of complex system and complicated maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a micro-grid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system and a control method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a micro-grid-based battery testing and formation and partial capacity coupling system, which comprises a fuel battery testing unit, an energy storage unit, a lithium ion battery formation and partial capacity unit, an inversion unit and an energy management unit, wherein the fuel battery testing unit is used for testing the energy storage unit; the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit and the inversion unit, and direct current interfaces of the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit and the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit are connected to a direct current bus L1; and one end of the inversion unit is connected with an external power grid, and the other end of the inversion unit is connected with a direct current bus L1.
In the above scheme, the fuel cell testing unit includes a plurality of fuel cell testing groups and a first circuit breaker, and the plurality of fuel cell testing groups are respectively connected to the dc bus L1 through the first circuit breaker; each fuel cell testing group comprises a fuel cell testing platform and a unidirectional DC/DC converter, wherein the direct current output end of a fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platform is electrically connected with the input end of the corresponding unidirectional DC/DC converter, and the output end of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the direct current bus L1 through a first circuit breaker.
In the above scheme, the energy storage unit includes an energy storage battery pack, a battery management system BMS, a first bidirectional DC/DC converter and a second circuit breaker, the energy storage battery pack is electrically connected to one end of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the other end of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the DC bus L1 through the second circuit breaker, and the battery management system BMS is connected to the energy storage battery pack through a low-voltage signal line.
In the above scheme, the energy storage battery pack is one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery and a sodium-sulfur battery.
In the above scheme, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit includes a plurality of lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing groups and a third circuit breaker, and the plurality of lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing groups are respectively connected with the dc bus L1 through the third circuit breaker; each lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing group comprises a lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing cabinet and a second bidirectional DC/DC converter, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing cabinet is electrically connected with one end of the corresponding second bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the other end of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a direct current bus L1 through a third circuit breaker.
In the above scheme, the inverter unit includes a bidirectional AC/DC inverter and a grid-connected isolating switch, a DC end of the bidirectional AC/DC inverter is electrically connected to the DC bus L1, and an AC end of the bidirectional AC/DC inverter is connected to a power grid through the grid-connected isolating switch, so as to realize bidirectional energy transfer between the DC bus L1 and an external power grid through alternating current-direct current conversion under specific conditions.
In the above scheme, the energy management unit is connected to the fuel cell test board and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the fuel cell test unit, the battery management system BMS and the first bidirectional DC/DC converter in the energy storage unit, the lithium ion battery electric chemical.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the micro-grid-based battery formation capacity-sharing coupling system, which is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) the energy management unit starts self-checking and confirms that a grid-connected isolating switch of the inversion unit is in a disconnected state, so that a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode;
step (2), the energy management unit determines the total electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the whole test process through the fuel cell test unit1Determining the dischargeable quantity Q of the energy storage battery pack when the energy storage battery pack is discharged from the current SOC to the set SOC lower limit through the energy storage unit2And a charge quantity Q 'required when the current SOC is charged to a set SOC upper limit'2Determining the total capacity Q of the lithium ion battery cell to be charged in the formation and/or capacity grading process through the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit3(ii) a According to Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3Determining whether the grid is in a steady-state off-grid working mode, namely step (3), or in a transient grid-connected working mode, namely step (4);
and (3) the energy management unit starts the fuel cell test unit to test the electrochemical performance of the fuel cell to be tested, starts the lithium ion battery formation capacity-grading unit to charge and discharge the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation capacity-grading process, and the grid-connected isolating switch of the inversion unit is always in a disconnected state, wherein the energy management unit acquires the fuel cell in real timeThe quantity of electricity Q generated by the cell in the test processFAnd the electric quantity Q required by the formation and capacity-sharing charging of the lithium ion battery coreCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeD；
And (4) the energy management unit starts the fuel cell test unit to perform electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested, and starts the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit to charge and discharge the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and capacity division process, wherein the energy management unit acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the electric quantity (Q) required by lithium ion battery electric core formation capacity chargingCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeD。
In the above scheme, in the step (3), when Q is detectedF＜QCOr QFWhen the electrochemical test is not carried out on the fuel cell, the energy management unit sends a switch-on command to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and the second circuit breaker in the energy storage unit, the switch-on command is merged into the direct current bus L1, the electric energy stored by the energy storage battery pack is converted into a voltage matched with the direct current bus L1 through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then the voltage is sent to the direct current bus L1; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr QDAnd the energy management unit sends a switching-on instruction to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and the second breaker in the energy storage unit and is connected to the direct current bus L1 to convert the surplus electric energy of the direct current bus L1 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack when the lithium ion battery cell is in a discharging step or is in a standing state.
In the above scheme, in the step (4), when Q is detectedF＜QCOr QFWhen the electrochemical test is not carried out on the fuel cell, the energy management unit converts the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit into a voltage matched with the direct current bus L1 through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and then sends the voltage into the direct current bus L1 to supplement the electric energy for the lithium ion battery cell in the charging step under the condition of ensuring that the grid-connected isolating switch in the inversion unit is continuously kept disconnected, and when the energy tube does not carry out the electrochemical test, the energy management unit supplies the electric energy to the lithium ion battery cell in the charging stepWhen the physical unit detects that the state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit is reduced to a set lower limit and a lithium ion battery cell in the formation and grading step still needs to be charged, a grid-connected isolating switch of an inverter unit is closed, electric energy of an external power grid is converted into direct-current voltage matched with a direct-current bus L1 through a bidirectional AC/DC inverter, and then the direct-current voltage is sent to a direct-current bus L1 to supply power to the lithium ion battery cell being charged; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr QDWhen the lithium ion battery cell is in the discharging step or the standing step, the energy management unit converts the surplus electric energy in the direct current bus L1 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack through a first bidirectional DC/DC converter in the energy storage unit according to the voltage and current fluctuation condition of the direct current bus L1 monitored in real time under the condition that the grid-connected isolating switch in the inverter unit is ensured to be continuously disconnected, and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack, and when the energy management unit detects that the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is increased to a set upper limit and a fuel cell test is still carried out and/or when the lithium ion battery cell is still discharging or standing, the grid-connected isolating switch of the inverter unit is closed to convert the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 into a specified alternating current voltage through a bidirectional AC/DC inverter of the inverter unit and then send the alternating current voltage to, the fuel cell test and the orderly and stable operation of lithium ion battery formation and component capacity are ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention uses the electric energy generated in the electrochemical test process of the fuel cell for the formation and the partial capacity of the lithium ion battery by constructing the direct current micro-grid, thereby avoiding the energy waste caused by the conventional resistive load consuming the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy and simultaneously saving the extra electric energy consumption for the resistive load cooling equipment; on the other hand, the adoption of the energy storage battery pack in the direct-current micro-grid avoids the electric energy waste that the lithium ion battery is charged by frequently taking electricity from an external power grid in the formation and capacity grading process and then discharged in the form of resistance heat energy, and the more the charging and discharging times are, the greater the electric energy waste is. Therefore, the micro-grid-based battery formation and capacity-sharing coupling system provided by the invention realizes the efficient utilization of electric energy in the processes of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation and capacity sharing, thereby greatly saving the electricity cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microgrid-based battery testing and chemical-capacitive coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a microgrid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a micro-grid-based battery testing and formation and partial capacitance coupling system, which comprises a fuel battery testing unit 1, an energy storage unit 2, a lithium ion battery formation and partial capacitance unit 3, an inversion unit 4 and an energy management unit 5, wherein the fuel battery testing unit 1 is connected with the energy storage unit 2; the energy management unit 5 is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage unit 2, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit 3 and the inversion unit 4, and direct current interfaces of the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage unit 2 and the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit 3 are connected to a direct current bus L1; and one end of the inversion unit 4 is connected with an external power grid, and the other end of the inversion unit is connected with a direct current bus L1.
The fuel cell testing unit 1 comprises a plurality of fuel cell testing groups and a first circuit breaker 13, wherein the plurality of fuel cell testing groups are respectively connected with a direct current bus L1 through the first circuit breaker 13; each fuel cell test group comprises a fuel cell test bench 11 and a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12, wherein the direct current output end of a fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell test bench 11 is electrically connected with the input end of the corresponding unidirectional DC/DC converter 12, and the output end of the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 is connected with a direct current bus L1 through a first circuit breaker 13.
The fuel cell test bench 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1 is used for testing and evaluating the polarization curve, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical performance under various simulated working conditions of the fuel cell, and the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 converts the voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell in the test process and sends the converted electric energy to the direct current bus L1.
Furthermore, the fuel cell test bench 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1 may be a single test bench or a plurality of test benches to form a fuel cell test bench array, and each fuel cell test bench in the fuel cell test bench array works independently without interfering with each other; the number of the unidirectional DC/DC converters 12 is consistent with the number of the fuel cell test stands 11, and a one-to-one correspondence relationship is formed.
Optionally, the fuel cell test bench 11 includes, but is not limited to, a hydrogen flow rate test unit, an air flow rate test unit, a water management unit, a thermal management unit, and a control unit, and the tested fuel cells include, but are not limited to, single fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems, fuel cell engines, and the like; moreover, the configurations of the fuel cell test benches corresponding to different fuel cells are different, as long as the types and test parameters of the tested fuel cells are matched with the fuel cell test benches. Similarly, the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 corresponding to the fuel cell testing platform will also have different configuration parameters according to the voltage and current of the fuel cell to be tested, as long as the voltage and current intervals that can be converted match the voltage and current output by the fuel cell. In other words, the fuel cell test stations 11 in the fuel cell test station array may be of the same type or of different types; accordingly, the unidirectional DC/DC converters 12 may be of the same type or different types, but the input configuration parameters of each unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 must be matched with the electrical output parameters of the fuel cell test stand to which it is connected, and the output configuration parameters must be matched with the voltage and current parameters of the DC bus L1.
The energy storage unit 2 comprises an energy storage battery pack 21, a battery management system BMS22, a first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and a second circuit breaker 24, wherein the energy storage battery pack 21 is electrically connected with one end of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23, the other end of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 is connected with a direct current bus L1 through the second circuit breaker 24, and the battery management system BMS22 is connected with the energy storage battery pack 21 through a low-voltage signal line.
The energy storage battery pack 21 of the energy storage unit 2 is configured to implement bidirectional transfer of DC energy with the DC bus L1 through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23: on one hand, the direct current electric energy generated by the fuel cell in the fuel cell testing unit 1 in the testing process, the direct current electric energy released by the lithium ion battery cell of the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit 3 in the discharging step and the alternating current electric energy transmitted by an external power grid through the inversion unit 4 are received, and on the other hand, the direct current electric energy is directly provided for the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit 3, the power is fed to the external power grid through the inversion unit 4, and the power auxiliary service of peak regulation, frequency modulation and reactive compensation is provided for the external power grid.
Optionally, the energy storage battery pack 21 is one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery, and a sodium-sulfur battery;
preferably, the energy storage battery pack 21 preferably adopts a lithium titanate battery or an all-vanadium redox flow battery.
The battery management system BMS22 in the energy storage unit 2 is used for monitoring the voltage, current and temperature of the energy storage battery pack 21, accurately estimating the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21, transmitting the data information acquired in real time to the energy management unit 5 through a CAN line, and simultaneously performing energy balance among the single batteries of the energy storage battery pack 21.
The lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing unit 3 comprises a plurality of lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing groups and a third circuit breaker 33, and the plurality of lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing groups are respectively connected with a direct current bus L1 through the third circuit breaker 33; each lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing group comprises a lithium ion battery electrical core formation capacity-sharing cabinet 31 and a second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, the lithium ion battery electrical core formation capacity-sharing cabinet 31 is electrically connected with one end of the corresponding second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, and the other end of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 is connected with a direct current bus L1 through a third circuit breaker 33.
The lithium ion battery cellization component capacity cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery cellization component capacity unit 3 is configured to charge and discharge the lithium ion battery cell entering the chemical composition component capacity process through the bidirectional energy transfer between the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the direct current bus L1; the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 is configured to implement bidirectional energy transfer between the lithium ion battery electric core component and component storage cabinet 31 and the direct current bus L1 through conversion of direct current voltage, and the number of the second bidirectional DC/DC converters 32 and the number of the lithium ion battery electric core component and component storage cabinets 31 are consistent and form a one-to-one correspondence relationship.
Further, the lithium ion battery electric core formation grading cabinet 31 may be a single unit, or may be a plurality of units, so as to form a lithium ion battery electric core formation grading cabinet array; and each lithium ion battery electrical core formation grading cabinet in the lithium ion battery electrical core formation grading cabinet array works independently without mutual interference.
Optionally, in the lithium ion battery electric core formation and grading cabinet array, according to the difference in the types and capacities (ampere hours) of the lithium ion battery electric cores entering the formation and grading process, the specific parameter configurations of the corresponding lithium ion battery electric core formation and grading cabinets 31 are also different, as long as the configurations are matched with the process step parameters of the lithium ion battery electric cores needing formation and grading; similarly, the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 corresponding to the lithium ion battery cell formation and grading cabinet 31 may also have different configuration parameters according to different voltages and currents of the lithium ion battery cells requiring formation and grading, as long as the convertible voltage and current intervals are matched with the charging and discharging voltages and currents of the lithium ion battery cells. In other words, the lithium ion battery electrical core formation capacity grading cabinets 31 in the lithium ion battery electrical core formation capacity grading cabinet array may be of the same type or of different types; correspondingly, the second bidirectional DC/DC converters 32 may be of the same type or different types, but configuration parameters at two ends of each second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 must be respectively matched with input and output parameters of the lithium ion battery electric chemical composition capacitor box 31 and voltage and current parameters of the direct current bus L1 connected thereto.
The inverter unit 4 comprises a bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41 and a grid-connected isolating switch 42, wherein a direct current end of the bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41 is electrically connected with a direct current bus L1, and an alternating current end of the bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41 is connected with a power grid through the grid-connected isolating switch 42, and is used for realizing bidirectional energy transfer between the direct current bus L1 and an external power grid through alternating current-direct current conversion under specific conditions.
The energy management unit 5 is connected to the fuel cell test bench 11 and the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 in the fuel cell test unit 1, the battery management system BMS22 and the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 in the energy storage unit 2, the lithium ion battery electric chemical, The real-time parameter information of the energy storage unit 2, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit 3 and the direct current bus L1 is obtained by recording, counting and analyzing the power operation data of the whole micro-grid system, issuing an operation instruction to the control elements and the circuit breaker of the fuel cell test unit 1, the energy storage unit 2, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit 3 and the inversion unit 4 according to a preset command, and comprehensively managing and scheduling the fuel cell test, the energy storage, the lithium ion battery cell formation capacity-dividing and the power grid energy exchange, so that the whole micro-grid system operates in the optimal state and achieves better economic benefit.
The micro-grid-based battery testing and component-capacitance coupling system works in a steady off-grid working mode and a transient grid-connected working mode:
in a steady off-grid working mode, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board 11 of the fuel cell test unit 1, performs electrochemical performance test on a fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and simultaneously sends a switching-on instruction to a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and a first circuit breaker 13 corresponding to the fuel cell test board 11 to convert the voltage of electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell test board 11 through the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 into a specified voltage and send the voltage to a direct current bus L1; and the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit 3 according to the requirement, charging and discharging the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and grading process according to the preset process step parameters and cycle parameters, meanwhile, a switch-on command is sent to the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the third circuit breaker 33 corresponding to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 and is merged into the direct current bus L1, so that the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 in the charging step and outputs the electric energy to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 to charge the lithium ion battery electric core, and the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy stored in the lithium ion battery electric core into a specified voltage through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 in the discharging step and sends the voltage into the direct current bus L1.
Wherein, the energy management unit 5 acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFAnd the electric quantity Q required by the formation and capacity-sharing charging of the lithium ion battery coreCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeD: when Q is detectedF＜QCOr QF0, i.e. fuel cells withoutWhen performing an electrochemical test, the energy management unit 5 sends a switch-on command to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and the second circuit breaker 24 in the energy storage unit 2, and the switch-on command is incorporated into the direct current bus L1, so that the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is converted into a specified voltage by the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23, and then is sent to the direct current bus L1, thereby charging and supplementing or providing electric energy for the lithium ion battery cells which are being formed into partial capacity; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr QDWhen the lithium ion battery cell is in the discharging step or is in a standing state, the energy management unit 5 sends a switch-on command to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and the second breaker 24 in the energy storage unit 2, and the switch-on command is incorporated into the direct current bus L1 to convert the surplus electric energy of the direct current bus L1 into a specified voltage through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and output the specified voltage to the energy storage battery pack 21, so that the normal operation of the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery cell formation capacity division is maintained, and the voltage fluctuation of the direct current bus L1 is suppressed.
In the whole process of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery cell formation and capacity division, electric energy generated by the fuel cell is only transmitted among the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage unit 2 and the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit 3, the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inversion unit 4 is always in a disconnected state, and the whole coupling system based on the micro-grid operates in an isolated island mode.
In a transient grid-connected working mode, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, performs an electrochemical performance test on a fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and sends a switching-on instruction to a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and a first circuit breaker 13 corresponding to the fuel cell test board 11 to convert the voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line tested on the fuel cell test board 11 into a specified voltage through the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and send the voltage to a direct current bus L1; and the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit 3 according to the requirement, charging and discharging the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and grading process according to the preset process step parameters and cycle parameters, meanwhile, a switch-on command is sent to the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the third circuit breaker 33 corresponding to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 and is merged into the direct current bus L1, so that the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 in the charging step and outputs the electric energy to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 to charge the lithium ion battery electric core, and the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy stored in the lithium ion battery electric core into a specified voltage through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 in the discharging step and sends the voltage into the direct current bus L1.
Wherein, the energy management unit 5 acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFThe state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 and the electric quantity Q required for the lithium ion battery electric core formation capacity chargingCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeD: when Q is detectedF＜QCOr QFWhen 0, that is, the fuel cell is not subjected to the electrochemical test, the energy management unit 5 preferentially converts the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 into a predetermined voltage through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and then sends the voltage to the direct current bus L1 to supplement the electric energy to the lithium ion battery cell in the charging step, and when the energy management unit 5 detects that the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 has decreased to a set lower limit and the lithium ion battery cell in the formation step still needs to be charged, the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inverter unit 4 is closed to convert the electric energy of the external power grid into a predetermined direct current voltage through the bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41 of the inverter unit 4 and then sends the voltage to the direct current bus L1 to supply power to the lithium ion battery cell being charged; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr QDWhen the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 is converted into a specified voltage through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and is output to the energy storage battery pack 21, that is, when the lithium ion battery cell is in a discharging step or is in a standing state, the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inverting unit 4 is closed when the energy management unit 5 detects that the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 has risen to a set upper limit and the fuel cell test is still in progress, so that the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 is converted into a specified alternating voltage through the bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41 of the inverting unit 4 and is sent to an external power grid. Thereby ensuring fuel cell testing and lithium ionOrderly smooth operation of the pooling component capacity and the stabilization of the voltage of the direct current bus L1.
According to the invention, the electric energy generated in the electrochemical test process of the fuel cell is used for the component capacity of the lithium ion battery by constructing the direct-current micro-grid, so that on one hand, the energy waste caused by the consumption of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy by a conventional resistive load is avoided, and on the other hand, the extra electric energy consumption for a resistive load cooling device is also saved; on the other hand, the adoption of the energy storage battery pack in the direct-current micro-grid avoids the electric energy waste that the lithium ion battery is charged by frequently taking electricity from an external power grid in the formation and capacity grading process and then discharged in the form of resistance heat energy, and the more the charging and discharging times are, the greater the electric energy waste is. Therefore, the micro-grid-based battery testing and formation and capacitance-grading coupling system provided by the invention realizes the efficient utilization of electric energy in the processes of fuel battery testing and lithium ion battery formation and capacitance-grading, thereby greatly saving the electricity consumption cost.
In addition, when power needs to be transmitted to a power grid under extreme conditions, the coupling system provided by the invention can avoid the serious interference of common feed network type electronic loads on the high-frequency harmonic waves of the power grid due to the adoption of the energy storage battery pack, thereby ensuring the power quality of the power grid; on the other hand, peak clipping and valley filling, harmonic wave treatment and reactive compensation of the power grid can be realized, and the power quality of the power grid is improved; meanwhile, the energy storage battery pack can bring extra benefits to enterprises through power auxiliary services such as valley power peak use, peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a micro-grid-based battery test and formation-capacitance coupling system control method, as shown in fig. 2, the method is realized by the following steps:
in step 200, the energy management unit 5 starts a self-test, and confirms that the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inverter unit 4 is in a disconnected state, so that the microgrid-based battery test and component-capacitance coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode. Step 201 is then entered.
In step 201, the energy management unit 5 obtains the number of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell testing unit 1 and the testing parameters to calculate the total testing of the fuel cellsTotal quantity of electricity Q generated in the process1Acquiring the SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 through the BMS22 in the energy storage unit 2 to calculate the dischargeable amount Q when the energy storage battery pack 21 is discharged from the current SOC to the set SOC lower limit2And a charge quantity Q 'required when the current SOC is charged to a set SOC upper limit'2The capacity model (i.e. ampere hours) and the number of the lithium ion battery cells in the lithium ion battery cell formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit 3 are obtained to calculate the total capacity Q of the lithium ion battery cells to be charged in the formation and/or capacity grading process3(ii) a Then compare Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3And proceeds to step 202.
In step 202, when the energy management unit 5 detects Q1≤Q′2And Q3≤Q1+Q2If yes, go to step 210, namely, go to the steady state off-grid working mode; when Q is detected1＞Q′2Or Q3＞Q1+Q2If yes, go to step 220, i.e. go to the transient grid-connected operation mode.
In step 210, the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the fuel cell test board 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, performs an electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and sends a switch-on command to the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and the first circuit breaker 13 corresponding to the fuel cell test board 11 to convert the voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line tested on the fuel cell test board 11 through the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 into a voltage matched with the DC bus L1 and then send the voltage to the DC bus L1; and the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit 3 according to the requirement, charging and discharging the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and grading process according to the preset process step parameters and cycle parameters, meanwhile, a switch-on command is sent to the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the third circuit breaker 33 corresponding to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 and is merged into the direct current bus L1 to realize that the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 in the charging step and outputs the electric energy to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 to charge the lithium ion battery electric core, and the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy stored in the lithium ion battery electric core through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 into a voltage matched with the direct current bus L1 in the discharging step and sends the voltage to the direct current bus L1. In the whole process of fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery cell formation and capacity division, electric energy generated by the fuel cell is only transmitted among the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage unit 2 and the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit 3, the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inversion unit 4 is always in a disconnected state, and the whole coupling system based on the micro-grid operates in an isolated island mode.
Wherein, the energy management unit acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFAnd the electric quantity Q required by the formation and capacity-sharing charging of the lithium ion battery coreCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeDThen compare QFAnd QCA size between and QDAnd proceeds to step 211.
In step 211, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting whether Q is presentF＜QCOr QF0, i.e. the case where the fuel cell was not electrochemically tested: if present, step 212 is entered, and if not, step 213 is entered.
In step 212, the energy management unit 5 sends a switch-on command to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and the second circuit breaker 24 in the energy storage unit 2, and the switch-on command is incorporated into the direct-current bus L1 to convert the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 into a voltage matched with the direct-current bus L1 via the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23, and then the converted voltage is sent to the direct-current bus L1, so as to charge or provide the electric energy for the lithium ion battery cells being converted into partial capacity; meanwhile, the energy management unit 5 sends a disconnection signal to the third circuit breakers 33 corresponding to the one or more lithium ion battery electric core formation component cabinets 31 according to the voltage and current fluctuation conditions of the dc bus L1 monitored in real time, and adopts a strategy of timely charging delay of the lithium ion battery electric cores to ensure the stability of the voltage of the dc bus L1.
In step 213, the energy management unit 5 is turned onInitially detect the presence of QF≥QCOr QDNot less than 0, namely the condition that the lithium ion battery cell is in the discharging step or is in the standing state: if so, step 214 is entered, and if not, step 211 is returned to.
In step 214, the energy management unit 5 sends a switch-on command to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and the second breaker 24 in the energy storage unit 2, and the switch-on command is incorporated into the direct current bus L1 to convert the surplus electric energy of the direct current bus L1 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 via the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23, and then the converted voltage is output to the energy storage battery pack 21, so as to maintain the normal operation of the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery cellization component capacity; meanwhile, when the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery cell discharging process are performed simultaneously, the energy management unit 5 sends a pause signal to one or more fuel cell test platforms 11 according to the voltage and current fluctuation condition of the direct current bus L1 monitored in real time to adopt a strategy of timely delaying the fuel cell test so as to ensure the stability of the voltage of the direct current bus L1.
In step 220, the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the fuel cell test platform 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, performs an electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and sends a switch-on command to the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and the first circuit breaker 13 corresponding to the fuel cell test platform 11 to convert the voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line tested on the fuel cell test platform 11 through the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 into a voltage matched with the DC bus L1 and then send the voltage to the DC bus L1; and the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 in the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit 3 according to the requirement, charging and discharging the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and grading process according to the preset process step parameters and cycle parameters, meanwhile, a switch-on command is sent to the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the third circuit breaker 33 corresponding to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 and is merged into the direct current bus L1 to realize that the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 in the charging step and outputs the electric energy to the lithium ion battery electric core formation and capacity grading cabinet 31 to charge the lithium ion battery electric core, and the lithium ion battery electric core converts the voltage of the electric energy stored in the lithium ion battery electric core through the second bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 into a voltage matched with the direct current bus L1 in the discharging step and sends the voltage to the direct current bus L1.
Wherein, the energy management unit acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the electric quantity (Q) required by lithium ion battery electric core formation capacity chargingCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeDThen compare QFAnd QCA size between and QDAnd proceeds to step 221.
In step 221, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting whether Q is presentF＜QCOr QF0, i.e. the case where the fuel cell was not electrochemically tested: if so, step 222 is entered, and if not, step 225 is entered.
In step 222, the energy management unit 5 continues to detect whether there is a situation where the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 falls to a set lower limit: if not, step 223 is entered, and if so, step 224 is entered.
In step 223, the energy management unit 5 preferentially converts the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 into a voltage matched with the DC bus L1 through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 and then sends the voltage to the DC bus L1 to supplement the electric energy to the lithium ion battery cell in the charging process step, while ensuring that the grid-connected isolating switch 42 in the inverter unit 4 continues to be turned off; meanwhile, the energy management unit 5 sends an off signal to the third circuit breaker 33 corresponding to one or more lithium ion battery electric core formation constituent storage cabinets 31 in the lithium ion battery electric core formation constituent storage unit 3 according to the voltage and current fluctuation condition of the dc bus L1 monitored in real time, and adopts a strategy of timely charging delay of lithium ion battery electric cores to ensure the voltage stability of the dc bus L1.
In step 224, when the energy management unit 5 detects that the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 has decreased to the lower limit and the lithium ion battery cell in the formation and capacity step still needs to be charged, the energy management unit 5 sends a close signal to the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inverter unit 4, so that the electric energy of the external power grid is converted into a DC voltage matched with the DC bus L1 through the bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41, and then is sent to the DC bus L1 to supply power to the lithium ion battery cell being charged.
In step 225, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting the presence of QF≥QCOr QDNot less than 0, namely the condition that the lithium ion battery cell is in the discharging step or is in the standing state: if so, go to step 226, and if not, go back to step 221.
In step 226, the energy management unit 5 continues to detect whether there is a situation where the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 rises to the set upper limit: if not, step 227 is entered, and if so, step 228 is entered.
In step 227, the energy management unit 5 converts the surplus electric energy in the DC bus L1 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 via the first bidirectional DC/DC converter 23 in the energy storage unit 2 and outputs the converted voltage to the energy storage battery pack 21 according to the voltage and current fluctuation condition of the DC bus L1 monitored in real time under the condition that the grid-connected isolating switch 42 in the inverter unit 4 is ensured to be continuously kept disconnected; meanwhile, when there is a situation that the fuel cell test is performed simultaneously with the lithium ion battery cell discharging process, the energy management unit 5 sends a suspension signal to one or more fuel cell test platforms 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1 according to the voltage and current fluctuation situation of the dc bus L1 monitored in real time to adopt a strategy of timely delaying the fuel cell test so as to ensure the voltage of the dc bus L1 to be stable.
In step 228, when the energy management unit 5 detects that the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 has risen to the set upper limit and the fuel cell test is still in progress and/or the lithium ion battery cell is still discharging or standing, the energy management unit 5 sends a close signal to the grid-connected isolating switch 42 of the inverter unit 4 to convert the electric energy in the DC bus L1 into a specified AC voltage via the bidirectional AC/DC inverter 41 of the inverter unit 4 and send the AC voltage to the external power grid, so as to ensure the orderly and smooth operation of the fuel cell test and the lithium ion battery formation capacity.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the above, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the description of the invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A micro-grid-based battery test and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system is characterized by comprising a fuel battery test unit, an energy storage unit, a lithium ion battery formation-capacitance-grading unit, an inversion unit and an energy management unit; the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit and the inversion unit, and direct current interfaces of the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit and the lithium ion battery formation capacity-dividing unit are connected to a direct current bus L1; and one end of the inversion unit is connected with an external power grid, and the other end of the inversion unit is connected with a direct current bus L1.
2. The microgrid-based battery testing and chemical-capacitive coupling system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell testing unit comprises a plurality of fuel cell testing groups and a first circuit breaker, and the plurality of fuel cell testing groups are respectively connected with the direct-current bus L1 through the first circuit breaker; each fuel cell testing group comprises a fuel cell testing platform 11 and a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12, wherein the direct current output end of a fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platform 11 is electrically connected with the input end of the corresponding unidirectional DC/DC converter, and the output end of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a direct current bus L1 through a first circuit breaker.
3. The microgrid-based battery testing and formation-capacitive coupling system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the energy storage unit comprises an energy storage battery pack, a Battery Management System (BMS), a first bidirectional DC/DC converter and a second circuit breaker, the energy storage battery pack is electrically connected with one end of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, the other end of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a direct current bus L1 through the second circuit breaker, and the Battery Management System (BMS) is connected with the energy storage battery pack through a low-voltage signal line.
4. The microgrid-based battery testing and chemical-capacitive coupling system of claim 3, wherein the energy storage battery pack adopts one or more of lead-acid batteries, lead-carbon batteries, lithium ion batteries, flow batteries and sodium-sulfur batteries.
5. The microgrid-based battery testing and formation capacity-sharing coupling system of claim 4, wherein the lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing unit comprises a plurality of lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing groups and a third circuit breaker, and the plurality of lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing groups are respectively connected with the direct current bus L1 through the third circuit breaker; each lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing group comprises a lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing cabinet and a second bidirectional DC/DC converter, the lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing cabinet is electrically connected with one end of the corresponding second bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the other end of the second bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a direct current bus L1 through a third circuit breaker.
6. The microgrid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance coupling system of claim 5, wherein the inverter unit comprises a bidirectional AC/DC inverter and a grid-connected isolating switch, a direct-current end of the bidirectional AC/DC inverter is electrically connected with the direct-current bus L1, and an alternating-current end of the bidirectional AC/DC inverter is connected with a power grid through the grid-connected isolating switch, so that bidirectional energy transfer between the direct-current bus L1 and an external power grid is realized through alternating current and direct current conversion under specific conditions.
7. The microgrid-based battery test and formation-capacitive coupling system of claim 6, the energy management unit is connected with a fuel cell test bench and a unidirectional DC/DC converter in the fuel cell test unit, a battery management system BMS and a first bidirectional DC/DC converter in the energy storage unit, a lithium ion battery electric core formation capacity grading cabinet and a second bidirectional DC/DC converter in the lithium ion battery formation capacity grading unit and a bidirectional AC/DC inverter in the inversion unit through CAN lines respectively, and is connected with a first circuit breaker in the fuel cell test unit, a second circuit breaker in the energy storage unit, a third circuit breaker in the lithium ion battery formation capacity grading unit, a voltage and current Hall sensor of a direct current bus L1 and a grid-connected isolating switch of the inversion unit through low-voltage signal lines respectively.
8. A control method of a micro-grid-based battery formation capacity-sharing coupling system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) the energy management unit starts self-checking and confirms that a grid-connected isolating switch of the inversion unit is in a disconnected state, so that a fuel cell testing and lithium ion battery formation capacity-sharing coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode;
step (2), the energy management unit determines the total electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the whole test process through the fuel cell test unit1Determining the dischargeable quantity Q of the energy storage battery pack when the energy storage battery pack is discharged from the current SOC to the set SOC lower limit through the energy storage unit2And a charge quantity Q 'required when the current SOC is charged to a set SOC upper limit'2Determining the total capacity Q of the lithium ion battery cell to be charged in the formation and/or capacity grading process through the lithium ion battery formation and capacity grading unit3(ii) a According to Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3Determining whether the grid is in a steady-state off-grid working mode, namely step (3), or in a transient grid-connected working mode, namely step (4);
and (3) the energy management unit starts the fuel cell test unit to test the electrochemical performance of the fuel cell to be tested, starts the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit to charge and discharge the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and capacity division process, and a grid-connected isolating switch of the inversion unit is always in a disconnected state, wherein the energy management unit acquires that the fuel cell is tested in real timeQuantity of electricity Q generated in the processFAnd the electric quantity Q required by the formation and capacity-sharing charging of the lithium ion battery coreCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeD；
And (4) the energy management unit starts the fuel cell test unit to perform electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested, and starts the lithium ion battery formation and capacity division unit to charge and discharge the lithium ion battery cell entering the formation and capacity division process, wherein the energy management unit acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the electric quantity (Q) required by lithium ion battery electric core formation capacity chargingCAnd the quantity of electricity Q generated by the dischargeD。
9. The method for controlling the microgrid-based battery-chemical-capacitive coupling system according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), when Q is detectedF＜QCOr QFWhen the electrochemical test is not carried out on the fuel cell, the energy management unit sends a switch-on command to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and the second circuit breaker in the energy storage unit, the switch-on command is merged into the direct current bus L1, the electric energy stored by the energy storage battery pack is converted into a voltage matched with the direct current bus L1 through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter, and then the voltage is sent to the direct current bus L1; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr QDAnd the energy management unit sends a switching-on instruction to the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and the second breaker in the energy storage unit and is connected to the direct current bus L1 to convert the surplus electric energy of the direct current bus L1 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack through the first bidirectional DC/DC converter and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack when the lithium ion battery cell is in a discharging step or is in a standing state.
10. The method for controlling the microgrid-based battery-formation capacity-sharing coupling system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein in the step (4), when Q is detectedF＜QCOr QFWhen the fuel cell is not electrochemically tested, the energy management unit ensures the combination of the inversion unitUnder the condition that the grid isolating switch is continuously kept disconnected, electric energy stored by an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit is converted into voltage matched with the direct-current bus L1 through a first bidirectional DC/DC converter and then is sent to the direct-current bus L1 to supplement the electric energy for the lithium ion battery cell in the charging step, and when the energy management unit detects that the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit is reduced to a set lower limit and the lithium ion battery cell in the formation and partial-capacitance step still needs to be charged, a grid-connected isolating switch of an inverter unit is closed, the electric energy of an external grid is converted into direct-current voltage matched with the direct-current bus L1 through a bidirectional AC/DC inverter and then is sent to the direct-current bus L1 to supply power for the lithium ion; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr QDWhen the lithium ion battery cell is in the discharging step or the standing step, the energy management unit converts the surplus electric energy in the direct current bus L1 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack through a first bidirectional DC/DC converter in the energy storage unit according to the voltage and current fluctuation condition of the direct current bus L1 monitored in real time under the condition that the grid-connected isolating switch in the inverter unit is ensured to be continuously disconnected, and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack, and when the energy management unit detects that the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is increased to a set upper limit and a fuel cell test is still carried out and/or when the lithium ion battery cell is still discharging or standing, the grid-connected isolating switch of the inverter unit is closed to convert the electric energy in the direct current bus L1 into a specified alternating current voltage through a bidirectional AC/DC inverter of the inverter unit and then send the alternating current voltage to, the fuel cell test and the orderly and stable operation of lithium ion battery formation and component capacity are ensured.
CN201811619804.4A 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Micro-grid-based battery testing and formation-capacitance-grading coupling system and control method Pending CN111381172A (en)

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CN116609681A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-08-18 广东恒翼能科技股份有限公司 Chemical composition testing and warehousing method and chemical composition testing micro-grid energy-saving control system
CN116819355A (en) * 2023-04-28 2023-09-29 广东恒翼能科技股份有限公司 Energy-saving test system for direct-current bus of micro-grid at rear section of battery cell
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