CN2833624Y - Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function Download PDFInfo
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- CN2833624Y CN2833624Y CN 200520041696 CN200520041696U CN2833624Y CN 2833624 Y CN2833624 Y CN 2833624Y CN 200520041696 CN200520041696 CN 200520041696 CN 200520041696 U CN200520041696 U CN 200520041696U CN 2833624 Y CN2833624 Y CN 2833624Y
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- fuel cell
- cell stack
- end plate
- guide rods
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fuel cell pile testing device with the function of power generation, which comprises a workbench, a fuel cell pile, positioning guide rods, a pressing unit with adjustable pressure, a data collecting and processing unit, and an electric output unit, wherein the workbench is provided with a plate type table top for supporting the fuel cell pile and the pressing unit with adjustable pressure, the fuel cell pile is arranged at one end of the table top, the pressing unit with adjustable pressure is arranged at the other end of the table top, the number of the positioning guide rods is at least two, the data collecting and processing unit collects various data of the fuel cell pile and then carries out record and process, and the electric output unit transferred electric power produced in process of testing the fuel cell pile to a public electric network or directly to subscribers for use.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly to a fuel cell stack testing apparatus having a power generation function.
Background
An electrochemical fuel cell is a device capable of converting hydrogen and an oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The inner core component of the device is a Membrane Electrode (MEA), which is composed of a proton exchange Membrane and two porous conductive materials sandwiched between two surfaces of the Membrane, such as carbon paper. The membrane contains a uniform and finely dispersed catalyst, such as a platinum metal catalyst, for initiating an electrochemical reaction at the interface between the membrane and the carbon paper. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process can be led out by conductive objects at two sides of the membrane electrode through an external circuit to form a current loop.
At the anode end of the membrane electrode, fuel can permeate through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and undergo electrochemical reaction on the surface of a catalyst to lose electrons to form positive ions, and the positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane through migration to reach the cathode end at the other end of the membrane electrode. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas containing an oxidant (e.g., oxygen), such as air, forms negative ions by permeating through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and electrochemically reacting on the surface of the catalyst to give electrons. The anions formed at the cathode end react with the positive ions transferred from the anode end to form reaction products.
In a pem fuel cell using hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen-containing air as the oxidant (or pure oxygen as the oxidant), the catalytic electrochemical reaction of the fuel hydrogen in the anode region produces hydrogen cations (or protons). The proton exchange membrane assists the migration of positive hydrogen ions from the anode region to the cathode region. In addition, the proton exchange membrane separates the hydrogen-containing fuel gas stream from the oxygen-containing gas stream so that they do not mix with each other to cause explosive reactions.
In the cathode region, oxygen gains electrons on the catalyst surface, forming negative ions, which react with the hydrogen positive ions transported from the anode region to produce water as a reaction product. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, air (oxygen), the anode reaction and the cathode reaction can be expressed by the following equations:
and (3) anode reaction:
and (3) cathode reaction:
in a typical pem fuel cell, a Membrane Electrode (MEA) is generally placed between two conductive plates, and the surface of each guide plate in contact with the MEA is die-cast, stamped, or mechanically milled to form at least one or more channels. The flow guide polar plates can be polar plates made of metal materials or polar plates made of graphite materials. The fluid pore channels and the diversion trenches on the diversion polar plates respectively guide the fuel and the oxidant into the anode area and the cathode area on two sides of the membrane electrode. In the structure of a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell, only one membrane electrode is present, and a guide plate of anode fuel and a guide plate of cathode oxidant are respectively arranged on two sides of the membrane electrode. The guide plates are used as current collector plates and mechanical supports at two sides of the membrane electrode, and the guide grooves on the guide plates are also used as channels for fuel and oxidant to enter the surfaces of the anode and the cathode and as channels for taking away water generated in the operation process of the fuel cell.
In order to increase the total power of the whole proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack in a straight-stacked manner or connected in a flat-laid manner to form a battery pack. In the direct-stacking and serial-type battery pack, two surfaces of one polar plate can be provided with flow guide grooves, wherein one surface can be used as an anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other surface can be used as a cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode, and the polar plate is called a bipolar plate. A series of cells are connected together in a manner to form a battery pack. The battery pack is generally fastened together into one body by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a tie rod.
A typical battery pack generally includes: (1) the fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas and gasoline) and the oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) are uniformly distributed in the diversion trenches of the anode surface and the cathode surface; (2) the inlet and outlet of cooling fluid (such as water) and the flow guide channel uniformly distribute the cooling fluid into the cooling channels in each battery pack, and theheat generated by the electrochemical exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is absorbed and taken out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; (3) the outlets of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas and the corresponding flow guide channels can carry out liquid and vapor water generated in the fuel cell when the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are discharged. Typically, all fuel, oxidant, and cooling fluid inlets and outlets are provided in one or both end plates of the fuel cell stack.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a power system of vehicles such as vehicles and ships, and can also be used as a mobile or fixed power station.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are generally assembled by several single cells in series or parallel to form a fuel cell stack.
Fig. 1 shows a flow guide plate in a single cell of a conventional fuel cell, which includes an air inlet 1a, a water inlet 2a, a hydrogen inlet 3a, a flow channel 4a, an air outlet 5a, a water outlet 6a, and a hydrogen outlet 7 a; fig. 2 is a three-in-one membrane electrode in a single cell of a conventional fuel cell, which includes an air inlet 1a, a water inlet 2a, an electrode active region 8a, an air outlet 5a, a water outlet 6a, and a hydrogen outlet 7 a; fig. 3 shows a conventional fuel cell stack, which includes a fuel cell stack 9a, collector motherboards 10a, 10b, end plates 11a, 11b, metal tie rods 12a, and nuts 13 a.
The existing fuel cell stack is generally formed by assembling a plurality of monocells (the monocells are composed of a flow guide polar plate and a three-in-one membrane electrode), a flow collecting mother plate, a front end plate and a rear end plate, wherein a plurality of pull rods are arranged on the front end plate and the rear end plate, and the front end plate and the rear end plate are compressed into the fuel cell stack by usingfasteners generally; the fastener tie-rod plus screw method is the usual fastening method.
The fuel cell stack must be sufficiently compressed by the fasteners, but must be uniformly compressed within a suitable pressure range to ensure safe and efficient operation of the fuel cell stack.
When the fuel cell is produced on a large scale, a large number of single cells (the single cells are generally composed of a flow guide polar plate and a three-in-one membrane electrode), a positive current collecting conductive mother plate, a negative current collecting conductive mother plate, a front end plate and a rear end plate are assembled on a large scale to form a fuel cell stack, and the fuel cell stack is subjected to operation test. The method mainly comprises the steps of carrying out operation test on the fuel cell stack successfully assembled for the first time according to product design technical indexes, and mainly detecting the current and the voltage output by the fuel cell stack, even the working voltage of each single cell in the fuel cell stack under the operation parameters of different pressures, flow rates, temperatures and the like.
Generally, each unit cell or other component of a successfully assembled fuel cell stack may not meet the specifications of the product design, so the entire fuel cell stack must be disassembled again, replaced with a unit cell or component of inferior quality, and reassembled until the operational test requirements are passed.
At present, the conventional fuel cell stack which is fastened and assembled by using the tie rods and the fasteners is very unfavorable for repeated assembly, and great obstacles are brought to large-scale fuel cell stack assembly and test.
1. The requirement for fastening and assembling the tie rods of the fuel cell stack is particularly high, and it must be achieved that each area on the front end plate and the rear end plate of the whole fuel cell stack is basically and uniformly subjected to fastening force, which is very difficult, and practical operation often causes that a certain area on the front end plate and the rear end plate of the whole fuel cell stack is subjected to relatively small fastening force, and a certain area is subjected to relatively large fastening force, so that certain areas on the fuel cell pole plates are subjected to insufficient pressing force, so that the contact resistance of the electrodes and the guide pole plates is too large, and the pressing force of certain areas is too large, so that the pole plates are deformed or cracked, or the electrodes are damaged.
2. When the fuel cell stack is tightly assembled by the pull rod, when the fuel cell expands or contracts due to heat, the front end plate and the rear end plate of the fuel cell stack are stressed differently, and the pole plates or the electrodes can be damaged in serious cases.
Each time such a fuel cell stack is assembled by tightening the tie rods, a lot of time is required, and large-scale rapid assembly and testing cannot be achieved.
In order to overcome the above defects, Shanghai Shenli science and technology Limited company applied for a patent of an assembly frame suitable for large-scale rapid assembly and test of fuel cells (invention patent application No. 200410066321, utility model patent application No. 200420090002), but the invention and the utility model patent application still have the following disadvantages: generally, a performance test is carried out after the fuel cell stack is assembled, wherein the test time is one hour or twenty hours in short time, and tens of hours or even days in long time; since the conventional stack testing apparatus does not include the power output unit, the power generated during the test of the fuel cell stack cannotbe delivered to the occasion where the power is required. Conventionally, the electric power generated by the fuel cell stack is used to light a lamp to consume a part of the electric power, which is very wasteful, especially when the fuel cell stack is produced in a batch, the electric power generated in the stack test shop is large, and if it is also conventionally used, the wasteful electric power is very unfortunately.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide a fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function, which can provide the power grid or the user with the power generated during the stack testing process.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme: a fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function comprises a workbench, a fuel cell stack, a positioning guide rod, a pressure-adjustable pressing unit and a data acquisition and processing unit, the workbench is provided with a plate type table board for supporting the fuel cell stack and the pressure adjustable pressing unit, the fuel cell stack is arranged at one end of the table board, the fuel cell stack comprises single cells, a current collecting mother plate, a front end plate and a rear end plate, the pressure adjustable pressing unit is arranged at the other end of the table top, the pressure adjustable pressing unit is provided with a push rod which pushes a rear end plate of the fuel cell stack to perform pressing action along the axial direction to a front end plate, at least two positioning guide rods are arranged, the positioning guide rod vertically penetrates through the front end plate and the rear end plate of the fuel cell stack along the axial direction, the data acquisition and processing unit is arranged outside, and the unit acquires various data of the fuel cell stack and then records and processes the data; the fuel cell stack testing device is characterized by further comprising a power output unit, wherein the power output unit is used for transmitting the power generated by the fuel cell stack in the testing process to a public power grid or directly providing the power for a user to use.
The power output unit comprises a direct current-direct current converter, and/or a direct current-alternating current converter, and/or a frequency converter, and converts the direct current output by the fuel cell stack into direct current or alternating current with specific current voltage or frequency range required by a user.
The pressure-adjustable pressing device comprises a piston type air cylinder, an air cylinder fixing front end plate, an air cylinder fixing rear end plate, an ejector rod, a fixing pull rod and a connecting sleeve, wherein the ejector rod is an ejection mechanism connected with an air cylinder piston, the fixing pull rod axially penetrates through four corners of the air cylinder fixing front end plate and the air cylinder fixing rear end plate and is fixed, the connecting sleeve enables the fixing pull rod to be sleeved with a metal pull rod of the fuel cell stack, and the ejector rod pushes the fuel cell stack rear end plate to perform pressing action in the axial direction towards the front end plate.
The pressure-adjustable pressing device adopts a hydraulic jack to replace a piston type cylinder.
The four positioning guide rods are respectively arranged at the left, right and bottom of the front and rear end plates of the fuel cell stack to be assembled and tested, wherein the left and right guide rods are positioning guide rods, and the two bottom guide rods are smooth-surface guide rods which are used for supporting the fuel cell stack besides positioning.
The front end plate of the fuel cell stack is centrally provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet and a cooling fluid inlet and a cooling fluid outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the characteristics of it is following:
1. the front end plate, the rear end plate, the positive and negative current collecting conductive mother plate, the plurality of monocells and other parts can be accurately and orderly arranged in the assembly frame; the assembly frame is composed of more than two guide rods with high precision, and all the components can be automatically aligned.
2. The rear end of the assembly frame is provided with an automatic and pressure-adjustable pressing device which can be a hydraulic jack type pressing device or an inflatable pneumatic piston type cylinder pressing device;
3. after the fuel cell stack is compressed according to the preset pressure requirement, the compression pressure is generally about 2-10 kilograms of force per square centimeter of single cell, the front end plate and the rear end plate of the fuel cell stack can be threaded with the pull rods, the fastening nuts are screwed up by hands, when the compression device is loosened, namely the compression device removes the pressure on the fuel cell stack, the pull rods and the fastening nuts continue to compress the front end plate and the rear end plate, and the applied pressure is the same as that of the compression device.
4. After the fuel cell stack is tightly pressed on the assembly frame according to the preset pressure, the operation test of the fuel cell stack can be directly carried out without temporarily threading a pull rod and a fastening nut. If a single cell or a component with quality problems is found, the pressure in the pressing device can be immediately released, the quick replacement is carried out, then the pressure on the pressing device is reapplied, and the operation test is continued until the operation performance of the whole fuel cell stack reaches the product specification requirement.
5. The utility model discloses still include the power output unit, this power output unit is with the electric power transmission that fuel cell pile sent in the test process for public electric network or directly provide the user and use to the energy has been practiced thrift greatly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a current-guiding plate of a fuel cell stack;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a membrane electrode of a conventional fuel cell stack;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional fuel cell stack;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 4, a fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function includes a workbench 1, a fuel cell stack 4, a positioning guide rod 3, a pressure-adjustable compressing unit 2, a data collecting and processing unit 5, and an electric power output unit 6, where the workbench 1 is provided with a plate-type table 11 for supporting the fuel cell stack and the pressure-adjustable compressing unit, the fuel cell stack 4 is arranged at one end of the table 11, the fuel cell stack 4 is formed by stacking 120 single cells in series, each single cell is composed of a bipolar plate and an electrode, the size of thebipolar plate (a built-in cooling fluid interlayer) is 206 × 206 × 1.5mm, the fuel cell stack 4 further includes a current-collecting mother plate, front and rear end plates 41, 42, the pressure-adjustable compressing unit 2 is arranged at the other end of the table 11, the pressure-adjustable compressing unit is provided with a push rod 21, the push rod 21 pushes the rear end plate 42 of the fuel cell stack to compress along the axial direction of the front end plate 41, the four positioning guide rods 3 are arranged, the positioning guide rods 3 vertically penetrate through front and rear end plates 41 and 42 of the fuel cell stack along the axial direction, the data acquisition and processing unit 5 is arranged outside, the data acquisition and processing unit acquires various data of the fuel cell stack and then records and processes the data, and the power output unit 6 transmits power generated by the fuel cell stack in the testing process to a public power grid or directly provides the power for users to use.
The pressure-adjustable pressing device 2 comprises a piston type cylinder 22, a cylinder fixing front end plate 221, a cylinder fixing rear end plate 222, a push rod 21, a fixing pull rod 23 and a connecting sleeve 24, wherein the push rod 21 is an ejection mechanism connected with a cylinder piston, the fixing pull rod 23 axially penetrates through four corners of the cylinder fixing front and rear end plates 221 and 222 and is fixed, the connecting sleeve 24 sleeves the fixing pull rod 23 with a metal pull rod 43 of the fuel cell stack 4, and the push rod 21 pushes a rear end plate 42 of the fuel cell stack 4 to axially press the front end plate 41.
The front end plate 41 of the fuel cell stack 4 is provided with hydrogen inlets and outlets 411, 411 ', air inlets and outlets 412, 412 ', and cooling water inlets and outlets 413, 413 ' in a concentrated manner.
In this embodiment, the fuel cell stack 4 is composed of a front end plate, a positive conductive current collecting mother plate, 120 single cells, a negative conductive current collecting mother plate, and a rear end plate. The height of the single cell is 206mm, and the width of the single cell is 206 mm. The assembly frame is provided with four positioning guide rods, two positioning guide rods (not shown) at the bottom and two positioning guide rods 3 at the left and right. Wherein the two fuel cell stacks are used for supporting the fuel cell stacks, and the surfaces of the two fuel cell stacks are made very smooth, so that the fuel cell stacks can slide when being compressed by the pressure of the compressing device; the distance between the left and right positioning guide rods 3 is slightly wider than 206mm by 0.05-0.20 mm, which is beneficial to orderly assembly of each single cell.
The compressing device adopts a piston cylinder 2, when the cylinder 22 is filled with air or nitrogen at six atmospheric pressures, the piston moves towards the rear end plate of the fuel cell stack, and a piston ejector rod 21 compresses the rear end plate 42. At this time, the three fluids on the front end plate 41 of the fuel cell stack 4 were piped out to directly perform the fuel cell stack operation test. The output voltage of the fuel cell stack is 120V-50V, the output current is 0-400A, and the output power is 0-20 kilowatts.
The power output unit 6 of the present embodiment includes a dc-ac converter (input dc voltage ranges from 120V to 50V) and an inverter, and converts the dc power between 120V and 50V output from the fuel cell stack into ac power of 220V and 50Hz required by the grid.
Example 2
The power output unit 6 of the present embodiment includes a dc-dc converter that converts the dc power output from the fuel cell stack into dc power in a specific current-voltage range (120V to 50V) required by the consumer dc water pump. The rest of the structure is the same as in example 1.
Claims (6)
1. A fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function comprises a workbench, a fuel cell stack, a positioning guide rod, a pressure-adjustable compression unit and a data acquisition and processing unit, wherein the workbench is provided with a plate-type table top for supporting the fuel cell stack and the pressure-adjustable compression unit, the fuel cell stack is arranged at one end of the table top and comprises a single cell, a current-collecting mother plate, a front end plate and a rear end plate, the pressure-adjustable compression unit is arranged at the other end of the table top and is provided with a push rod, the push rod pushes the rear end plate of the fuel cell stack to perform compression action along the axial direction towards the front end plate, the positioning guide rod is provided with at least two positioning guide rods, the positioning guide rods vertically penetrate through the front end plate and the rear end plate of the fuel cell stack along the axial direction, and the data acquisition and processing unit is externally arranged A power output unit.
2. The fuel cell stack testing apparatus with power generation function according to claim 1, wherein the power output unit comprises a dc-dc converter, and/or a dc-ac converter, and/or a frequency converter.
3. The fuel cell stack testing device with the power generation function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure-adjustable pressing device comprises a piston cylinder, a cylinder-fixed front end plate, a cylinder-fixed rear end plate, a push rod, a fixed pull rod and a connecting sleeve, the push rod is an ejection mechanism connected with a cylinder piston, the fixed pull rod axially penetrates through four corners of the cylinder-fixed front and rear end plates and is fixed, and the connecting sleeve sleeves the fixed pull rod with a metal pull rod of the fuel cell stack.
4. The fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure adjustable pressing device comprises a hydraulic jack or a piston cylinder.
5. The fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function as claimed in claim 1, wherein four positioning guide rods are provided, and are respectively provided at left, right and bottom of the front and rear end plates of the fuel cell stack to be assembled and tested, wherein the left and right two positioning guide rods are positioning support guide rods, and the bottom two positioning support guide rods are positioning support guide rods.
6. The apparatus for testing a fuel cell stack capable of generating power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end plate of the fuel cell stack is provided with an air inlet/outlet, a hydrogen inlet/outlet, and a cooling fluid inlet/outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520041696 CN2833624Y (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520041696 CN2833624Y (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2833624Y true CN2833624Y (en) | 2006-11-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520041696 Expired - Lifetime CN2833624Y (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN2833624Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100414761C (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2008-08-27 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function |
| CN110308402A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-08 | 惠州绿保科技有限公司 | A kind of short heap test fixture device |
| CN111263997A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2020-06-09 | 奥迪股份公司 | Method for determining the compressive tension acting on a fuel cell stack |
-
2005
- 2005-05-20 CN CN 200520041696 patent/CN2833624Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100414761C (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2008-08-27 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell stack testing device with power generation function |
| CN111263997A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2020-06-09 | 奥迪股份公司 | Method for determining the compressive tension acting on a fuel cell stack |
| CN111263997B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2024-03-15 | 奥迪股份公司 | Method for determining the compression tension acting on a fuel cell stack |
| CN110308402A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-08 | 惠州绿保科技有限公司 | A kind of short heap test fixture device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20080827 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |