CN111404184A - Fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system and control method - Google Patents
Fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system, which comprises a fuel cell testing unit, an energy storage unit, a charging unit, an energy storage bidirectional converter and an energy management unit, wherein the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit, the charging unit and the energy storage bidirectional converter; the control method of the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system is also disclosed. The invention avoids the energy waste caused by the conventional resistance load consuming the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy, and simultaneously saves the extra electric energy consumption for the resistance load cooling equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell testing, in particular to a fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system and a control method.
Background
Large-scale research, validation and testing of fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems and fuel cell engines are indispensable steps before fuel cell applications. Since the fuel cell itself is a power generation device that continuously consumes hydrogen, the first scheme in the conventional performance test process is to consume the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system by heat energy using a resistive load, resulting in waste of resources and increase of cost. In addition, the commonly used electronic load needs heat dissipation such as a cooling tower, a large fan, and even an air conditioner during the process of releasing heat energy to ensure the normal operation of the electronic load, and therefore additional electric energy is needed. For the fuel cell power system for the new energy automobile, the power exceeds 30kW and even reaches 100kW, the electronic load test mode is adopted, so that great electric energy waste is generated, and the test cost is increased.
The second solution is to use a feed-grid type electronic load to feed back the electrical energy output during the fuel cell test to the grid. Although the scheme can effectively avoid the heat consumption of the fuel cell in the test discharging process, due to the complex diversity of the test process (such as frequent start-stop loading, acceleration, test polarization curve and the like) and multi-stack parallel test and the like, when the fuel cell feeds power to the power grid, the high-frequency harmonic interference on the power grid is serious, the power grid is difficult to process, the power quality of the power grid is seriously influenced, and even the impact on the power grid is caused.
However, the efficiency of converting hydrogen into electricity in the operation process of the fuel cell is generally 50% (based on the low calorific value L HV of hydrogen), and the theoretical electrolytic efficiency of the generated electricity for hydrogen production by water electrolysis is very high (the apparent conversion efficiency can even reach 100% -122%), but the electric energy conversion efficiency is only 50% -70% due to factors such as heating and temperature rise required for improving the hydrogen production rate and the generated polarization overpotential in the industry, so that the complete cycle efficiency of hydrogen → fuel cell → electrolytic cell → hydrogen is only 30%, the energy loss exceeds 70%, and the cost of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system (particularly the solid electrolyte membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production system using noble metal platinum or iridium as a catalyst) is high, and the service life is short.
On the other hand, the charging technology of the electric automobile based on the charging pile still has the following problems: firstly, the charging energy is from a power grid, and at least 70% of the electric power in China is from coal at present, so that the application of the electric automobile cannot change the consumption of conventional energy and the influence on environmental pollution, and only pollution sources are concentrated in a thermal power plant; secondly, as the electric automobile is charged into a nonlinear load, harmonic current is injected into a power grid simultaneously in the charging process, so that the power quality of the power grid is reduced, the power grid loss is increased, the normal capacity of power transmission and transformation equipment is occupied, reactive compensation equipment is required to be added to stabilize node voltage, and the control is complex and the equipment cost is increased; thirdly, when a direct current quick charging mode with large current is adopted, a large amount of fluctuation can be brought to the load of the power grid, and the power supply stability of the power grid is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system and a control method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system which comprises a fuel cell testing unit, an energy storage unit, a charging unit, an energy storage bidirectional converter and an energy management unit, wherein the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit, the charging unit and the energy storage bidirectional converter, the energy storage unit is respectively and electrically connected with the fuel cell testing unit, the charging unit and the direct current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter, and the alternating current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter is electrically connected with an external power grid.
In the above scheme, the fuel cell testing unit includes at least one set of fuel cell testing platform and unidirectional DC/DC converter, the DC output terminal of the fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platform is electrically connected to the input terminal of the corresponding unidirectional DC/DC converter, and the output terminal of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the energy storage unit via the circuit breaker.
In the above scheme, the energy storage unit includes an energy storage battery pack and a battery management unit, one input end of the energy storage battery pack is electrically connected with the fuel cell testing unit, the other output end of the energy storage battery pack is electrically connected with the charging unit, and the energy storage battery pack is also electrically connected with the direct current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter; the battery management unit is connected with the energy storage battery pack through a low-voltage signal line.
In the above scheme, the energy storage battery pack is one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a super capacitor, a lithium titanate battery and an all-vanadium flow battery.
In the above scheme, the charging unit includes a fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or a slow charging power distribution cabinet; the input end of the fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet is electrically connected with the energy storage unit through an internal circuit breaker, the output end of the fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet is respectively connected with the input end of at least one fast charging pile and/or slow charging pile, and the electric energy transmitted from the energy storage unit is distributed to each fast charging pile and/or slow charging pile; and the quick-charging pile and/or the slow-charging pile provide a specified direct-current voltage output port for quick charging and/or slow charging of the electric automobile.
In the above scheme, the energy management unit is respectively connected with the fuel cell test board and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the fuel cell test unit, the battery management unit in the energy storage unit, the fast charging pile and/or the slow charging pile in the charging unit, and the energy storage bidirectional converter through communication lines, and is respectively connected with the breaker of the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the fuel cell test unit, the breaker in the energy storage unit, the breaker of the fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet in the charging unit, and the isolating switch in the energy storage bidirectional converter through low-voltage signal lines.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system, which is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) the energy management unit starts self-checking and confirms that a grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter is in a disconnected state, so that a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode;
step (2), the energy management unit acquires the number and the test parameters of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell test unit and determines the total electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cells in the whole test process1Acquiring the SOC of the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage unit and determining the dischargeable quantity Q of the energy storage battery pack when the energy storage battery pack is discharged from the current SOC to the set SOC lower limit2And a charge quantity Q 'required when the current SOC is charged to a set SOC upper limit'2Acquiring the total electric quantity Q to be charged of the electric automobile to be charged3(ii) a Then compare Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3The size of (A) to (B):
if Q is1≤Q′2+Q3And Q is3≤Q1+Q2Entering a steady off-grid working mode;
if Q is1＞Q′2+Q3Or Q3＞Q1+Q2And entering a transient grid-connected working mode.
In the above scheme, the steady off-grid operating mode is as follows: the energy management unit sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board in the fuel cell test unit, carries out electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and simultaneously sends a switching-on instruction to a unidirectional DC/DC converter corresponding to the fuel cell test board to convert electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell test board into voltage matched with the charging voltage of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit through the unidirectional DC/DC converter and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to a circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet in the charging unit, and electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack is conveyed to a quick-charging pile and/or a slow-charging pile corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet to quickly charge and/or slowly charge the electric automobile.
In the above scheme, the energy management unit obtains the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the total electric quantity (Q) required by charging of the electric automobileC: if Q is1＜Q′2And Q3＜Q2If the fuel cell is in a decoupling state with the electric vehicle, the test of the fuel cell and the charging of the electric vehicle can be carried out synchronously or in time sharing without mutual interference; if Q'2≤Q1≤Q′2+Q3When the energy management unit monitors QF≥QCOr no electric vehicle needs to be charged, namely QCWhen the SOC is 0, a scheduling optimization strategy which is timely delayed in the fuel cell testing process step is adopted according to the real-time monitored SOC of the energy storage battery pack so as to realize normal energy transfer of the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system; if Q is2≤Q3≤Q1+Q2Said energy management unit monitoring QF＜QCAnd then, according to the real-time monitored state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack, a scheduling optimization strategy of timely delayed charging of the electric vehicle is adopted to realize normal energy transfer of a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system, and a charging strategy of delaying fast charging under the extreme condition of preferential delay and slow charging is adopted to ensure the normal operation of the fast charging of the electric vehicle.
In the above scheme, the transient grid-connected operating mode is as follows: the energy management unit sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board in the fuel cell test unit, carries out electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and simultaneously sends a switch-on instruction to a unidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the fuel cell test board to convert electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell test board into voltage matched with the charging voltage of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit through a unidirectional DC/DC converter and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to a circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet in the charging unit, and electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack is conveyed to a quick-charging pile and/or a slow-charging pile corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet to quickly charge and/or slowly charge the electric automobile.
In the above scheme, the energy management unit obtains the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the test process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the total electric quantity (Q) required by charging of the electric automobileC(ii) a If Q is3＞Q1+Q2When Q is detectedF＜QCThe energy management unit adopts a scheduling optimization strategy of timely and delayed electric vehicle charging according to the real-time monitored state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack so as to realize normal energy transfer of a fuel cell test and an electric vehicle charging coupling system, and adopts a charging strategy of delaying fast charging again under the condition of priority delay slow charging extreme so as to ensure normal operation of fast charging of the electric vehicle; if the charge of the electric automobile is delayed in the process of the strategy at the right timeWhen the energy management unit monitors that the SOC of the energy storage battery pack is reduced to a set lower limit and the charging of the electric vehicle is not finished, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to an isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter, electric energy of an external power grid is inverted into direct current voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage bidirectional converter, and then the direct current voltage is output to the energy storage battery pack.
In the above scheme, if Q1＞Q′2+Q3When Q is detectedF≥QCOr no electric vehicle needs to be charged, namely QCWhen the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is monitored in real time, the energy management unit adopts a scheduling optimization strategy of timely delaying the fuel cell testing process step according to the SOC of the energy storage battery pack monitored in real time so as to realize normal energy transfer of a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system; if the energy management unit monitors that the SOC of the energy storage battery pack is increased to a set upper limit and the fuel cell test is still carried out in the timely delay strategy process of the fuel cell test, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to an isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter, electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack is inverted into voltage matched with an external power grid through the energy storage bidirectional converter and then is output to the external power grid.
Compared with the prior art, the electric energy generated in the electrochemical test process of the fuel cell is output to the charging pile for charging the electric automobile, so that on one hand, the energy waste that the conventional resistance-type load consumes the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy is avoided, and on the other hand, the extra electric energy consumption for the resistance-type load cooling equipment is also saved; on the other hand, the energy storage unit arranged in the fuel cell test and electric vehicle coupling system relieves the high dependence of electric vehicle charging on an external power grid, and can ensure that the electric vehicle can still be normally charged when the commercial power is cut off or the power consumption peak is reached; moreover, the direct energy storage unit that is connected with output direct current of filling electric pile then can save the AC/DC switching power supply part among the traditional electric pile that fills, promoted charge utilization ratio and efficiency to the power consumption cost has been saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system, which comprises a fuel cell test unit 1, an energy storage unit 2, a charging unit 3, an energy storage bidirectional converter (PCS)4 and an energy management unit (EMS)5, wherein the energy management unit 5 is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell test unit 1, the energy storage unit 2, the charging unit 3 and the energy storage bidirectional converter 4, the energy storage unit 2 is respectively electrically connected with direct current ends of the fuel cell test unit 1, the charging unit 3 and the energy storage bidirectional converter 4, and an alternating current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter PCS4 is electrically connected with an external power grid, as shown in figure 1. Wherein,
specifically, the fuel cell testing unit 1 includes a fuel cell testing platform 11 and a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12, a direct current output end of a fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platform 11 is electrically connected to an input end of the corresponding unidirectional DC/DC converter 12, and an output end of the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 is connected to the energy storage unit 2 via a circuit breaker.
The fuel cell test bench 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1 is used for testing and evaluating the polarization curve, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical performance under various simulated working conditions of the fuel cell, and the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 converts the voltage of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell in the test process and outputs the electric energy to the energy storage unit 2.
Furthermore, the fuel cell test bench 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1 may be a single fuel cell test bench or a plurality of fuel cell test benches to form a fuel cell test bench array, and each fuel cell test bench 11 in the fuel cell test bench array works independently without interfering with each other; the number of the unidirectional DC/DC converters 12 is consistent with the number of the fuel cell test stands 11, and a one-to-one correspondence relationship is formed.
Optionally, the fuel cell test bench 11 includes, but is not limited to, a hydrogen flow rate test unit, an air flow rate test unit, a water management unit, a thermal management unit, and a control unit, and the tested fuel cells include, but are not limited to, single fuel cells, fuel cell stacks, fuel cell systems, fuel cell engines, and the like; moreover, the configurations of the fuel cell test benches corresponding to different fuel cells are different, as long as the types and test parameters of the tested fuel cells are matched with the fuel cell test benches. Similarly, the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 corresponding to the fuel cell test platform 11 will also have different configuration parameters according to the voltage and current of the fuel cell to be tested, as long as the voltage and current regions that can be converted match the voltage and current output by the fuel cell. In other words, the fuel cell test stations 11 in the fuel cell test station array may be of the same type or of different types; correspondingly, the unidirectional DC/DC converters 12 may be of the same type or different types, but the input configuration parameters of each unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 must be matched with the electrical output parameters of the fuel cell test stand 11 to which it is connected, and the output configuration parameters must be matched with the charging voltage, charging current, etc. parameters of the energy storage unit 2.
Specifically, the energy storage unit 2 includes an energy storage battery pack 21 and a battery management unit (BMS)22, one input end of the energy storage battery pack 21 is electrically connected to the output end of the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 in the fuel cell testing unit 1 via a circuit breaker, one output end of the energy storage battery pack 21 is electrically connected to the charging unit 3, and the energy storage battery pack 21 is further electrically connected to the DC end of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4; the battery management unit 22 is connected to the energy storage battery pack 21 through a low-voltage signal line.
The energy storage battery pack 21 receives direct current electric energy generated by the fuel cell in the fuel cell testing unit 1 in the testing process and valley electricity transmitted by an external power grid through the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 on one hand, and provides direct current electric energy for the charging unit 3, feeds electricity to the external power grid through the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 and provides power auxiliary services of peak-load regulation, frequency modulation and reactive compensation for the external power grid on the other hand;
optionally, the energy storage battery pack 21 is one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, and a super capacitor;
preferably, the energy storage battery pack 21 preferably adopts a lithium titanate battery or an all-vanadium redox flow battery.
The battery management unit 22 is configured to monitor the voltage, the current, and the temperature of the energy storage battery pack 21, accurately estimate the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21, transmit data information acquired in real time to the energy management unit 5 through a CAN line, and perform energy balance between the single batteries of the energy storage battery pack 21.
Specifically, the charging unit 3 includes a fast charging distribution cabinet 31, a fast charging pile 33 and/or a slow charging distribution cabinet 32, and a slow charging pile 34; the input end of the fast charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet 32 is electrically connected with one output end of the energy storage battery pack 21 of the energy storage unit 2 through an internal circuit breaker, the output end of the fast charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet 32 is respectively connected with the input end of at least one fast charging pile 33 and/or slow charging pile 34, and the electric energy transmitted from the energy storage unit 2 is distributed to each fast charging pile 33 and/or slow charging pile 34; the fast charging pile 33 and/or the slow charging pile 34 provide a designated direct current voltage output port for fast charging and/or slow charging of the electric vehicle.
Specifically, the direct-current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter PCS4 is electrically connected with the energy storage battery pack 21 of the energy storage unit 2 through an isolating switch, and the alternating-current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter PCS4 is electrically connected with an external power grid through an isolating switch, so that bidirectional energy transfer between the energy storage unit 2 and the external power grid is realized through alternating current and direct current conversion under specific conditions.
Specifically, the energy management unit 5 is connected to the fuel cell test board 11 and the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 in the fuel cell test unit 1, the battery management unit 22 in the energy storage unit 2, the fast charging pile 33 and/or the slow charging pile 34 in the charging unit 3, and the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 through communication lines, and is connected to the breaker of the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 in the fuel cell test unit 1, the breaker in the energy storage unit 2, the breaker of the fast charging distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow charging distribution cabinet 32 in the charging unit 3, and the isolating switch in the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 through low-voltage signal lines, and is configured to receive real-time parameter information of the fuel cell test unit 1, the energy storage unit 2, and the charging unit 3, and send the real-time parameter information to the fuel cell test board 11 and the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 in the fuel cell test unit 1 and send a preset command to the unidirectional DC/DC converter, And the battery management unit 22 of the energy storage unit 2, the fast charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet 32 of the charging unit 3, the fast charging pile 33 and/or the slow charging pile 34 and the control element of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 issue an operation instruction, and the energy of the whole fuel battery testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system is managed and scheduled to maintain the normal operation of the whole system.
The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system works in a steady-state off-grid working mode and a transient grid-connected working mode:
in a steady off-grid working mode, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, and performs electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, wherein electric energy generated in the process is converted into voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 through a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and then is output to the energy storage battery pack 21; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit 5 sends a closing signal to the circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack 21, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 in the charging unit 3, and the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is transmitted to the quick-charging pile 33 and/or the slow-charging pile 34 corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 to perform quick charging and/or slow charging on the electric automobile. In the whole process of fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is only transmitted among the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage unit 2 and the charging unit 3, the energy storage bidirectional converter 4, the energy storage battery pack 21 and an external power grid are always in a disconnected state, and the whole system operates in an isolated island mode.
In a transient grid-connected working mode, the energy management unit 5 sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, and performs electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, wherein electric energy generated in the process is converted into voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 through a unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and then is output to the energy storage battery pack 21; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy tube unit 5 sends a closing signal to the circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack 21, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 in the charging unit 3, and the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is transmitted to the quick-charging pile 33 and/or the slow-charging pile 34 corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 to perform quick charging and/or slow charging on the electric automobile.
During the charging process, the energy management unit 5 acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the testing process in real timeFThe state of charge SOC and the electric steam of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2Total quantity of electricity Q required for charging vehicleC: when Q is detectedF＜QCWhen the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack 21 is reduced to the set lower limit and the charging of the electric vehicle is not completed, the energy management unit 5 sends a close signal to the isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter PCS4 to invert the electric energy of the external power grid into a direct-current voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 through the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 and then outputs the direct-current voltage to the energy storage battery pack 21 to ensure the smooth charging of the electric vehicle; when Q is detectedF≥QCOr no electric vehicle needs to be charged, namely QCWhen the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 is increased to the upper limit set when the fuel cell test is still in progress, the energy management unit 5 sends a close signal to the isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4, so that the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is inverted into a voltage matched with the external power grid through the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 and then is output to the external power grid. Thereby ensuring the orderly and stable operation of fuel cell test and electric automobile charging.
The electric energy generated in the electrochemical test process of the fuel cell is output to the charging pile for charging the electric automobile, so that on one hand, the energy waste caused by the consumption of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell system through heat energy by a conventional resistive load is avoided, and meanwhile, the extra electric energy consumption for a resistive load cooling device is also saved; on the other hand, the energy storage unit arranged in the fuel cell test and electric vehicle coupling system relieves the high dependence of electric vehicle charging on an external power grid, and can ensure that the electric vehicle can still be normally charged when the commercial power is cut off or the power consumption peak is reached; moreover, the direct energy storage unit that is connected with output direct current of filling electric pile then can save the AC/DC switching power supply part among the traditional electric pile that fills, promoted charge utilization ratio and efficiency to the power consumption cost has been saved.
In addition, the energy storage unit can avoid the serious interference of the common feed network type electronic load on the high-frequency harmonic of the power grid, effectively inhibit the influence of the harmonic generated in the charging process of the electric automobile on the electric energy quality of the external power grid and the impact on the power grid during large-current quick charging, and effectively improve the power factor of the external power grid; on the other hand, peak clipping and valley filling, harmonic wave treatment and reactive compensation of an external power grid can be realized, and the power quality of the power grid is improved; meanwhile, the energy storage battery pack can bring extra benefits to enterprises through power auxiliary services such as valley power peak use, peak regulation, frequency modulation and the like.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system, as shown in fig. 2, the method is realized by the following steps:
in step 200, the energy management unit 5 starts a self-test and confirms that the grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 is in a disconnected state, so that the fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode. Step 201 is then entered.
In step 201, the energy management unit 5 obtains the number of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell testing unit 1 and the testing parameters to calculate the total electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cells in the whole testing process1The SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 is obtained by the battery management unit 22 in the energy storage unit 2, so as to calculate the dischargeable quantity Q when the energy storage battery pack 21 is discharged from the current SOC to the set SOC lower limit2And a charge quantity Q 'required when the current SOC is charged to a set SOC upper limit'2Acquiring the total electric quantity Q to be charged of the electric automobile to be charged3(ii) a Then compare Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3And proceeds to step 202.
In step 202, when the energy management unit 5 detects Q1≤Q′2+Q3And Q3≤Q1+Q2If yes, go to step 210, namely, go to the steady state off-grid working mode; when Q is detected1＞Q′2+Q3Or Q3＞Q1+Q2If yes, go to step 220, i.e. go to the transient grid-connected operation mode.
In step 210, the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the fuel cell test platform 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, performs an electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and sends a switch-on instruction to the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 corresponding to the fuel cell test platform 11 to convert the electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line tested on the fuel cell test platform 11 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 through the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and output the voltage to the energy storage battery pack 21; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit 5 sends a closing signal to the circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack 21, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 in the charging unit 3, and the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is transmitted to the quick-charging pile 33 and/or the slow-charging pile 34 corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 to perform quick charging and/or slow charging on the electric automobile. In the whole process of fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging, electric energy generated by the fuel cell is only transmitted among the fuel cell testing unit 1, the energy storage unit 2 and the charging unit 3, a grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 is always in an off state, and the whole system operates in an isolated island mode.
Meanwhile, the energy management unit 5 is at Q1≤Q′2+Q3And Q3≤Q1+Q2On the premise of acquiring the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the testing process in real timeFThe state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 and the total electric quantity Q required by charging of the electric automobileCAnd further compare Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3And QFAnd QCThe existing size relationship and the existing permutation and combination situation, and then step 211 is entered.
In step 211, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting whether Q is present1＜Q′2And Q3＜Q2The case (2) is as follows: if present, step 212 is entered, and if not, step 213 is entered.
In step 212, the testing of the fuel cell and the charging of the electric vehicle are in a decoupling state, and can be performed synchronously or in a time-sharing manner without mutual interference.
In step 213, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting whether there is a presence or notIn Q'2≤Q1≤Q′2+Q3And QF≥QCOr QCCase 0: if so, step 214 is entered, and if not, step 215 is entered.
In step 214, the energy management unit 5 adopts a scheduling optimization strategy that is performed in a timely delayed manner in the fuel cell testing process step according to the real-time monitored state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21, so as to realize normal energy transfer between the fuel cell test and the electric vehicle charging coupling system.
In step 215, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting whether Q is present2≤Q3≤Q1+Q2And QF＜QCThe case (2) is as follows: if so, step 216 is entered, and if not, step 211 is returned to.
In step 216, the energy management unit 5 adopts a scheduling optimization strategy of timely delaying the charging of the electric vehicle according to the real-time monitored state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 to realize normal energy transfer of the fuel cell test and the electric vehicle charging coupling system, and adopts a charging strategy of delaying fast charging again under the condition of priority delaying slow charging extreme to ensure normal fast charging of the electric vehicle.
In step 220, the energy management unit 5 sends a start signal to the fuel cell test platform 11 in the fuel cell test unit 1, performs an electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and sends a switch-on instruction to the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 corresponding to the fuel cell test platform 11 to convert the electric energy generated by the fuel cell on-line tested on the fuel cell test platform 11 into a voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 through the unidirectional DC/DC converter 12 and output the voltage to the energy storage battery pack 21; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit 5 sends a closing signal to the circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack 21, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 in the charging unit 3, and the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is transmitted to the quick-charging pile 33 and/or the slow-charging pile 34 corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet 31 and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet 32 to perform quick charging and/or slow charging on the electric automobile.
At the same time, the energy management unit 5 is at Q1＞Q′2+Q3Or Q3＞Q1+Q2Acquiring the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the testing process in real time on the premiseFThe state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 in the energy storage unit 2 and the total electric quantity Q required by charging of the electric automobileCAnd further compare QFAnd QCThe magnitude relation between and Q1＞Q′2+Q3Or Q3＞Q1+Q2The existing permutation and combination situation is entered into step 221.
In step 221, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting whether Q is present3＞Q1+Q2And QF＜QCThe case (2) is as follows: if so, step 222 is entered, and if not, step 225 is entered.
In step 222, the energy management unit 5 continues to detect whether there is a situation where the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 falls to a set lower limit: if not, step 223 is entered, and if so, step 224 is entered.
In step 223, the grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 continues to keep the off state, the energy management unit 5 adopts a scheduling optimization strategy of timely and delayed electric vehicle charging according to the real-time monitored state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 to realize normal energy transfer of the fuel cell test and the electric vehicle charging coupling system, and adopts a charging strategy of delaying fast charging again under the extreme condition of preferential delay and slow charging to ensure normal fast charging of the electric vehicle.
In step 224, if the charging of the electric vehicle is not completed, the energy management unit 5 sends a close signal to the isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 to invert the electric energy of the external power grid into a dc voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack 21 via the energy storage bidirectional converter 4, and then outputs the dc voltage to the energy storage battery pack 21 to ensure smooth charging of the electric vehicle.
In step 225, the energy management unit 5 starts detecting the presence of Q1＞Q′2+Q3And QF≥QCOr QCCase 0: if so, go to step 226, and if not, go back to step 221.
In step 226, the energy management unit 5 continues to detect whether there is a situation where the state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 rises to the set upper limit: if not, step 227 is entered, and if so, step 228 is entered.
In step 227, the grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 continues to keep the off state, and the energy management unit 5 adopts a scheduling optimization strategy that is timely delayed in the fuel cell testing process step according to the real-time monitored state of charge SOC of the energy storage battery pack 21 so as to realize normal energy transfer of the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system.
In step 228, if the fuel cell test is still performed, the energy management unit 5 sends a close signal to the isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter 4, so that the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack 21 is inverted into a voltage matched with the external power grid through the energy storage bidirectional converter 4 and then is output to the external power grid, thereby ensuring the orderly and smooth operation of the fuel cell test and the electric vehicle charging.
The embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the above, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the description of the invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system is characterized by comprising a fuel cell testing unit, an energy storage unit, a charging unit, an energy storage bidirectional converter and an energy management unit, wherein the energy management unit is respectively in communication connection with the fuel cell testing unit, the energy storage unit, the charging unit and the energy storage bidirectional converter, the energy storage unit is respectively and electrically connected with direct current ends of the fuel cell testing unit, the charging unit and the energy storage bidirectional converter, and an alternating current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter is electrically connected with an external power grid.
2. The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell testing unit comprises at least one set of fuel cell testing platform and unidirectional DC/DC converter, the DC output terminal of the fuel cell to be tested in the fuel cell testing platform is electrically connected with the input terminal of its corresponding unidirectional DC/DC converter, and the output terminal of the unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the energy storage unit via a circuit breaker.
3. The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the energy storage unit comprises an energy storage battery pack and a battery management unit, one input end of the energy storage battery pack is electrically connected with the fuel cell testing unit, the other output end of the energy storage battery pack is electrically connected with the charging unit, and the energy storage battery pack is further electrically connected with the direct current end of the energy storage bidirectional converter; the battery management unit is connected with the energy storage battery pack through a low-voltage signal line.
4. The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system of claim 3, wherein the energy storage battery pack is one or more of a lead-acid battery, a lead-carbon battery, a lithium ion battery, a flow battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a super capacitor, a lithium titanate battery, and an all-vanadium flow battery.
5. The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system of claim 4, wherein the charging unit comprises a fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or a slow charging power distribution cabinet; the input end of the fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet is electrically connected with the energy storage unit through an internal circuit breaker, the output end of the fast charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow charging power distribution cabinet is respectively connected with the input end of at least one fast charging pile and/or slow charging pile, and the electric energy transmitted from the energy storage unit is distributed to each fast charging pile and/or slow charging pile; and the quick-charging pile and/or the slow-charging pile provide a specified direct-current voltage output port for quick charging and/or slow charging of the electric automobile.
6. The fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 5, wherein the energy management unit is connected to the fuel cell testing platform and the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the fuel cell testing unit, the battery management unit in the energy storage unit, the fast charging pile and/or the slow charging pile in the charging unit, and the energy storage bidirectional converter through communication lines, and is connected to the breaker of the unidirectional DC/DC converter in the fuel cell testing unit, the breaker in the energy storage unit, the breaker of the fast charging distribution cabinet and/or the slow charging distribution cabinet in the charging unit, and the isolating switch in the energy storage bidirectional converter through low-voltage signal lines.
7. A control method of a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that (1) the energy management unit starts self-checking and confirms that a grid-connected isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter is in a disconnected state, so that a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system enters an initial off-grid control mode;
step (2), the energy management unit acquires the number and the test parameters of the fuel cells to be tested in the fuel cell test unit and determines the total electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cells in the whole test process1Acquiring the SOC of the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage unit and determining the dischargeable quantity Q of the energy storage battery pack when the energy storage battery pack is discharged from the current SOC to the set SOC lower limit2And a charge quantity Q 'required when the current SOC is charged to a set SOC upper limit'2Acquiring the total electric quantity Q to be charged of the electric automobile to be charged3(ii) a Then compare Q1、Q2、Q′2And Q3The size of (A) to (B):
if Q is1≤Q′2+Q3And Q is3≤Q1+Q2Then go forwardEntering a steady-state off-grid working mode;
if Q is1＞Q′2+Q3Or Q3＞Q1+Q2And entering a transient grid-connected working mode.
8. The method for controlling the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 7, wherein the steady-state off-grid operation mode is: the energy management unit sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board in the fuel cell test unit, carries out electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and simultaneously sends a switching-on instruction to a unidirectional DC/DC converter corresponding to the fuel cell test board to convert electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell test board into voltage matched with the charging voltage of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit through the unidirectional DC/DC converter and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to a circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet in the charging unit, and electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack is conveyed to a quick-charging pile and/or a slow-charging pile corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet to quickly charge and/or slowly charge the electric automobile.
9. The method for controlling the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 8, wherein the energy management unit obtains the quantity of electricity Q generated by the fuel cell during the testing process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the total electric quantity (Q) required by charging of the electric automobileC: if Q is1＜Q′2And Q3＜Q2If the fuel cell is in a decoupling state with the electric vehicle, the test of the fuel cell and the charging of the electric vehicle can be carried out synchronously or in time sharing without mutual interference; if Q'2≤Q1≤Q′2+Q3When the energy management unit monitors QF≥QCOr no electric vehicle needs to be charged, namely QCWhen the SOC is 0, a scheduling optimization strategy which is timely delayed in the fuel cell testing process step is adopted according to the real-time monitored SOC of the energy storage battery pack so as to realize normal energy transfer of the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system; if Q is2≤Q3≤Q1+Q2Said energy management unit monitoring QF＜QCAnd then, according to the real-time monitored state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack, a scheduling optimization strategy of timely delayed charging of the electric vehicle is adopted to realize normal energy transfer of a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system, and a charging strategy of delaying fast charging under the extreme condition of preferential delay and slow charging is adopted to ensure the normal operation of the fast charging of the electric vehicle.
10. The method for controlling the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 7, wherein the transient grid-connected operation mode is: the energy management unit sends a starting signal to a fuel cell test board in the fuel cell test unit, carries out electrochemical performance test on the fuel cell to be tested according to preset parameters and process steps, and simultaneously sends a switch-on instruction to a unidirectional DC/DC corresponding to the fuel cell test board to convert electric energy generated by the fuel cell tested on line on the fuel cell test board into voltage matched with the charging voltage of an energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit through a unidirectional DC/DC converter and then outputs the voltage to the energy storage battery pack; when the electric automobile needs to be quickly charged and/or slowly charged, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to a circuit breaker, connected with the energy storage battery pack, of the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet in the charging unit, and electric energy stored in the energy storage battery pack is conveyed to a quick-charging pile and/or a slow-charging pile corresponding to the electric automobile through the quick-charging power distribution cabinet and/or the slow-charging power distribution cabinet to quickly charge and/or slowly charge the electric automobile.
11. The control method of the fuel cell testing and electric vehicle charging coupling system according to claim 10,the energy management unit acquires the electric quantity Q generated by the fuel cell in the testing process in real timeFThe state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack in the energy storage unit and the total electric quantity (Q) required by charging of the electric automobileC(ii) a If Q is3＞Q1+Q2When Q is detectedF＜QCThe energy management unit adopts a scheduling optimization strategy of timely and delayed electric vehicle charging according to the real-time monitored state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack so as to realize normal energy transfer of a fuel cell test and an electric vehicle charging coupling system, and adopts a charging strategy of delaying fast charging again under the condition of priority delay slow charging extreme so as to ensure normal operation of fast charging of the electric vehicle; if the energy management unit monitors that the SOC of the energy storage battery pack is reduced to a set lower limit and the charging of the electric vehicle is not finished in the timely delay strategy process of the charging of the electric vehicle, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to an isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter, electric energy of an external power grid is inverted into direct current voltage matched with the charging voltage of the energy storage battery pack through the energy storage bidirectional converter, and then the direct current voltage is output to the energy storage battery pack.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the Q is set as1＞Q′2+Q3When Q is detectedF≥QCOr no electric vehicle needs to be charged, namely QCWhen the state of charge (SOC) of the energy storage battery pack is monitored in real time, the energy management unit adopts a scheduling optimization strategy of timely delaying the fuel cell testing process step according to the SOC of the energy storage battery pack monitored in real time so as to realize normal energy transfer of a fuel cell test and electric vehicle charging coupling system; if the energy management unit monitors that the SOC of the energy storage battery pack is increased to a set upper limit and the fuel cell test is still carried out in the timely delay strategy process of the fuel cell test, the energy management unit sends a closing signal to an isolating switch of the energy storage bidirectional converter to invert the electric energy stored by the energy storage battery pack into voltage matched with an external power grid through the energy storage bidirectional converterAnd outputting to an external power grid.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113608131A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-05 | 西南交通大学 | PEMFC pile recession performance detection method under dynamic locomotive working condition |
| CN113608131B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-11-29 | 西南交通大学 | PEMFC pile recession performance detection method under dynamic locomotive working condition |
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