CN111379607B - Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism - Google Patents
Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN111379607B CN111379607B CN202010385777.XA CN202010385777A CN111379607B CN 111379607 B CN111379607 B CN 111379607B CN 202010385777 A CN202010385777 A CN 202010385777A CN 111379607 B CN111379607 B CN 111379607B
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- cam
- decompression
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- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/08—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for decompression, e.g. during starting; for changing compression ratio
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cam shaft with a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism, wherein the cam shaft 1 is arranged in an engine, bearings 3 are arranged at two ends of the cam shaft 1, a bearing limit sleeve 4 is arranged on the right side of the bearing 3 at the left end, an exhaust cam 2 and an air suction cam 7 are sequentially arranged between the bearings 3 at the two ends of the cam shaft 1 from left to right, and the cam shaft is characterized in that: and a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism is further arranged between the exhaust cam 2 of the camshaft 1 and the left end bearing limit sleeve 4, and the centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism consists of a first positioning shaft 9, a centrifugal gear 5, a decompression gear 8, a gear supporting block 6 and a return spring 10. The invention can accurately control the decompression opening and closing of the engine, effectively reduces the space size, makes the design structure more compact, and simultaneously, the assembly type decompression control mechanism makes the decompression control mechanism adopt the conventional processing and manufacturing technology, and reduces the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motorcycle engines, in particular to a decompression technology for assisting low-temperature starting and power-assisted starting of an engine, and specifically relates to a cam shaft with a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism.
Background
At present, in order to improve low-temperature starting performance of a motorcycle engine, two modes of a one-way decompression cam and a centrifugal decompression cam are mainly adopted.
The isolator decompression cam cannot accurately control parameters such as decompression starting time, decompression closing time, decompression angle and the like of the engine (the decompression process and the rotation number are uncontrollable), and meanwhile, the energy consumption is too high, so the isolator decompression cam is not suitable for a high compression ratio engine or an integrated starting motor (starting and power generation are integrated) engine.
The centrifugal decompression cam can accurately control parameters such as decompression opening and closing time and angle of the engine, can realize accurate control of rotation speed and engine compression ratio adjustment (engine combustion supporting) during decompression, is suitable for low-temperature starting of a high compression ratio engine, is simultaneously suitable for an engine of an integrated starting motor and a hybrid power engine, but is arranged on a chain wheel, and occupies an engine space due to overlarge volume caused by structural specificity.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief cam of a one-way clutch: bearings 3 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the camshaft 1, a flange 15 is fixedly arranged at the right end bearing side, a unidirectional decompression cam 14 is fixedly arranged at the exhaust cam side of the camshaft 1, and a limiting thrust washer 4 is arranged at the unidirectional decompression cam 14 side; the decompression principle is as follows: when the motorcycle is parked, the camshaft 1 can rotate reversely due to the reaction force of compressed gas, so as to drive the decompression cam 14 (the decompression cam is provided with a chute and rotates along with the reverse rotation of the camshaft, and the decompression cam is separated from the camshaft during the forward rotation of the engine, namely, rotates in a unidirectional rotation), and the decompression cam piece 4 is provided with a jacking circle, so that the jacking circle jacks the exhaust rocker arm assembly 12, and the pressure of the engine cylinder body is reduced at the moment so as to prepare for the next engine start.
The working principle of the centrifugal decompression cam structure is as follows: when the engine is started, a centrifugal throwing block is arranged on a cam shaft or a timing chain wheel and rotates along with the cam shaft, and in a designed rotating speed range, the centrifugal throwing block is not opened or is opened only by a certain angle due to the tensile force of a reset spring, at the moment, a decompression cylindrical arc part (a section of the decompression cylinder is a flat square, the arc plays a role in jacking, and the flat square plays a role in avoiding) arranged on the centrifugal throwing block jacks an exhaust rocker (1 jacking for every 1 rotation), the exhaust rocker jacks an exhaust valve, the pressure in an air cylinder instantaneously drops by a certain value (namely, the pressure in the air cylinder is reduced), and the engine can normally spray oil and ignite at the moment and plays a certain assistance role for the next rotation (hereinafter referred to as combustion supporting); when the rotation speed of the cam shaft reaches or exceeds the designed rotation speed after the engine is normally started, the centrifugal throwing block is completely opened or rotated by a specified angle due to the action of centrifugal force, a certain gap is reserved between the flat square on the centrifugal throwing block and the rocking arm, the exhaust rocking arm is not jacked up by the centrifugal throwing block at the moment, and the decompression is not acted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cam shaft with a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism, which can accurately control the decompression opening and closing of an engine, effectively reduces the space size, ensures that the design structure is more compact, can be realized by adopting conventional materials and processes, and reduces the cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism, the camshaft is installed in the engine, and the camshaft both ends all are equipped with the bearing, and wherein, its right side of bearing at left end is equipped with the bearing stop collar, from left to right is equipped with exhaust cam and cam of breathing in proper order between the bearing at camshaft both ends, characterized by: a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism is further arranged between the exhaust cam of the camshaft and the left end bearing limit sleeve, and the centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism consists of a first positioning shaft, a centrifugal gear, a decompression gear, a gear supporting block and a return spring;
the first positioning shaft is fixedly arranged between the exhaust cam and the left end bearing limit sleeve;
the centrifugal gear is integrally of a C-shaped block structure sleeved on the cam shaft, one end of the centrifugal gear is provided with a limiting claw which is fixedly integrated, and the outer side face of the C-shaped part at the other end is provided with uniformly distributed tooth shapes; one end of the centrifugal gear, provided with the limiting claw, is hinged with the first positioning shaft;
The gear supporting block is fixedly sleeved on the cam shaft and matched with the cam shaft;
The pressure reducing gear is arranged on the gear supporting block and meshed with the centrifugal gear;
the reset spring is sleeved on the first positioning shaft, one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the end face of the centrifugal gear, and the other end of the spring is wound on the cam shaft or the gear supporting block and is used for applying centrifugal resistance to the centrifugal gear.
The pressure reducing gear consists of a gear shaft, a gear and a working section which are coaxial and are fixed into a whole, the gear shaft is arranged on the gear supporting block in a penetrating mode, the gear at one end of the gear shaft is meshed with the centrifugal gear, and the working section at the other end of the gear shaft is provided with an arc surface for opening the engine pressure reducing mechanism and a plane for closing the engine pressure reducing mechanism.
One end of the first positioning shaft is connected with the protruding part of the exhaust cam, and the other end of the first positioning shaft is connected with the left end bearing limit sleeve.
The gear support block is positioned between the centrifugal gear and the exhaust cam, and an annular step for installing a return spring is arranged on the end surface of the gear support block adjacent to the exhaust cam; one end of the return spring is wound on the annular step.
The gear support block is fixedly sleeved on the cam shaft through a second positioning shaft, one end of the second positioning shaft is connected with the protruding portion of the exhaust cam, and the other end of the second positioning shaft is connected with the gear support block.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
when the engine is started, the centrifugal gear rotates along with the cam shaft, if the rotating speed is smaller than the set rotating speed, the resistance of the spring is larger than the centrifugal force of the centrifugal gear, the centrifugal gear does not perform centrifugal movement, and at the moment, the pressure reducing gear controls the pressure reducing mechanism of the engine to be in an initial starting state, so that the engine is started conveniently;
When the engine is normally started, the rotating speed is higher than the set rotating speed, the spring resistance is smaller than the centrifugal force of the centrifugal gear, the centrifugal gear performs centrifugal motion by taking the first positioning shaft as the axis, when the centrifugal gear rotates for a certain angle, the limiting claw of the centrifugal gear is attached to the cam shaft or the gear supporting block to limit the centrifugal gear to further deflect, and the decompression gear stops after rotating for a certain angle, so that the decompression mechanism of the engine is in a stable closed state, and the engine can normally run conveniently;
When the engine is stopped (or the rotating speed is less than the set rotating speed), the centrifugal gear drives the decompression gear to reset under the action of the reset spring, and the decompression mechanism is driven to restore to an initial state, so that preparation is made for the next starting of the engine.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts the centrifugal gear to carry out the decompression control, can accurately control the decompression opening and closing of the engine, and in addition, the invention effectively reduces the space size, so that the design structure is more compact, and meanwhile, the assembly type decompression control mechanism can adopt the conventional processing and manufacturing technology, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a gear support block and a pressure reducing gear according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the pressure reducing device.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the failure of the depressurizing operation.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an eccentric decompression cam and associated fittings.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a reduced pressure package.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional decompression cam in the prior art.
In the figure, 1, a cam shaft, 2, an exhaust cam, 3, a bearing, 4, a bearing limit sleeve, 5, a centrifugal gear, 501, a limit claw, 6, a gear supporting block, 601, an annular step, 7, an air suction cam, 8, a pressure reducing gear, 801, a gear shaft, 802, a gear, 803, a working section, 831, an arc surface, 832, a plane, 9, a first positioning shaft, 10, a spring, 11, a second positioning shaft, 12, an exhaust rocker arm assembly, 13, an exhaust valve, 14, a unidirectional pressure reducing cam, 15, a flange plate, 19 and a cylinder block.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, a camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism, the camshaft 1 is installed in the engine, and both ends of the camshaft 1 are all equipped with bearings 3, wherein, the right side of the bearing 3 at the left end is equipped with a bearing stop collar 4, and exhaust cam 2 and suction cam 7 are sequentially arranged from left to right between the bearings 3 at both ends of the camshaft 1, and characterized in that: a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism is further arranged between the exhaust cam 2 and the left end bearing limit sleeve 4 of the camshaft 1, and the centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism consists of a first positioning shaft 9, a centrifugal gear 5, a decompression gear 8, a gear supporting block 6 and a return spring 10;
The first positioning shaft 9 is fixedly arranged between the exhaust cam 2 and the left end bearing limit sleeve 4;
The centrifugal gear 5 is integrally of a C-shaped block structure sleeved on the cam shaft 1, one end of the centrifugal gear is provided with a limiting claw 501 which is fixedly integrated, and the outer side surface of the C-shaped part at the other end is provided with uniformly distributed tooth shapes; one end of the centrifugal gear 5 provided with a limiting claw 501 is hinged with a first positioning shaft 9; when the rotation speed of the camshaft 1 exceeds the set rotation speed, the centrifugal gear 5 rotates around the first positioning shaft 9 as the axis, and the limiting claw 501 is attached to the camshaft 1 or the gear supporting block 6, so as to limit the rotation angle of the centrifugal gear 5.
The gear supporting block 6 is fixedly sleeved on the cam shaft 1 and matched with the cam shaft 1; the gear supporting block 6 can be connected with the cam shaft 1 through a key or through a positioning pin shaft, so as to ensure that vibration does not occur in the working process, and in one embodiment of the invention, the gear supporting block 6 and the cam shaft are in interference fit;
The pressure reducing gear 8 is arranged on the gear supporting block 6 and meshed with the centrifugal gear 5;
The reset spring 10 is sleeved on the first positioning shaft 9, one end of the spring 10 is fixedly connected with the end face of the centrifugal gear 5, and the other end of the spring is wound on the cam shaft 1 or the gear supporting block 6 and is used for applying centrifugal resistance to the centrifugal gear 5.
The pressure reducing gear 8 is composed of a gear shaft 801, a gear 802 and a working section 803 which are coaxial and are fixed into a whole, the gear shaft 801 is arranged on the gear supporting block 6 in a penetrating mode, the gear 802 at one end of the gear shaft 801 is meshed with the centrifugal gear 5, and the working section 803 at the other end of the gear shaft 801 is provided with an arc surface 831 for opening the engine pressure reducing mechanism and a plane 832 for closing the engine pressure reducing mechanism. In an initial state that the decompression gear 8 does not rotate, the arc surface 831 is in contact with an exhaust rocker arm assembly of the decompression mechanism of the engine, so that the decompression mechanism is in an open state; when the pressure relief gear 8 is rotated a certain angle, the plane 832 resets the exhaust rocker arm assembly of the engine pressure relief mechanism, which is in a closed state.
One end of the first positioning shaft 9 is connected with the protruding part of the exhaust cam 2, and the other end is connected with the left end bearing limit sleeve 4. In one embodiment of the invention, the connection of the two ends of the first positioning shaft 9 is hole connection, so that the assembly is convenient.
The gear support block 6 is positioned between the centrifugal gear 5 and the exhaust cam 2, and an annular step 601 for installing a return spring 10 is arranged on the end surface of the gear support block 6 adjacent to the exhaust cam 2; one end of the return spring 10 is wound on the annular step 601. The structure firstly avoids the contact between the return spring and the cam shaft, and in addition, the position of the return spring is fixed, so that the service life of the spring is prolonged.
The gear support block 6 is fixedly sleeved on the cam shaft 1 through a second positioning shaft 11, one end of the second positioning shaft 11 is connected with the protruding portion of the exhaust cam 2, and the other end of the second positioning shaft is connected with the gear support block 6. In one example of the present invention, the second positioning shaft 11 is connected to the camshaft 1 and the supporting block 6 through holes, which is convenient for processing and assembly.
The operation process of the present invention is shown in fig. 5 and 6.
The mounting structure of the present invention and the associated mating member is shown in fig. 7.
A pressure relief assembly using the present invention is shown in fig. 8.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
When the engine is started, the centrifugal gear 5 rotates along with the camshaft 1, and when the rotating speed of the camshaft 1 is lower than the control rotating speed (design requirement), the centrifugal gear 5 cannot drive the pressure reducing gear 8 to rotate or the pressure reducing gear 8 can rotate in a pressure reducing working angle due to the torsion action of the return spring piece 10; at this time, the pressure reducing gear 8 rotates along with the camshaft 1, the arc surface 831 of the working section 803 of the pressure reducing gear 8 contacts with the boss of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 12, and drives the exhaust valve 13 to raise to a certain extent, so as to reduce and control the pressure in the cylinder block 19, and the engine can effectively rotate and ignite to support combustion;
When the engine is normally operated after being started, along with the rising of the rotating speed of the camshaft 1, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal gear 5 is also increased, when the rotating speed reaches the designed rotating speed, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal gear 5 is larger than the torsion force of the reset spring member 10, the centrifugal gear 5 drives the pressure reducing gear 8 to rotate by a designed angle (when the limiting claw 501 of the centrifugal gear 5 is in contact with the camshaft 1, the centrifugal gear 5 is self-locked and can not rotate any more), and a gap is formed between the middle plane of the working section 803 of the pressure reducing gear 8 and the pressure reducing boss of the exhaust rocker arm assembly 12, so that the pressure reducing is invalid.
The invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
Claims (3)
1. Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism, camshaft (1) are installed in the engine, and camshaft (1) both ends all are equipped with bearing (3), and wherein, bearing (3) its right side of left end is equipped with bearing stop collar (4), from left to right is equipped with exhaust cam (2) and suction cam (7) in proper order between bearing (3) at camshaft (1) both ends, characterized by: a centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism is further arranged between the exhaust cam (2) and the left end bearing limit sleeve (4) of the camshaft (1), and the centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism consists of a first positioning shaft (9), a centrifugal gear (5), a decompression gear (8), a gear supporting block (6) and a return spring (10);
the first positioning shaft (9) is fixedly arranged between the exhaust cam (2) and the bearing limit sleeve (4);
The centrifugal gear (5) is integrally of a C-shaped block structure sleeved on the cam shaft (1), one end of the centrifugal gear is provided with a limiting claw (501) which is fixedly integrated, and the outer side surface of the C-shaped block structure at the other end is provided with uniformly distributed tooth shapes; one end of the centrifugal gear (5) provided with a limiting claw (501) is hinged with a first positioning shaft (9);
The gear supporting block (6) is fixedly sleeved on the cam shaft (1) and is matched with the cam shaft (1);
The pressure reducing gear (8) is arranged on the gear supporting block (6) and meshed with the centrifugal gear (5);
The reset spring (10) is sleeved on the first positioning shaft (9), one end of the reset spring (10) is fixedly connected with the end face of the centrifugal gear (5), and the other end of the reset spring is wound on the cam shaft (1) or the gear supporting block (6) and is used for applying centrifugal resistance to the centrifugal gear (5);
The decompression gear (8) is composed of a gear shaft (801), a gear (802) and a working section (803) which are coaxial and are fixed into a whole, the gear shaft (801) is arranged on the gear support block (6) in a penetrating mode, the gear (802) at one end of the gear shaft (801) is meshed with the centrifugal gear (5), and the working section (803) at the other end of the gear shaft (801) is provided with an arc surface (831) for opening the engine decompression mechanism and a plane (832) for closing the engine decompression mechanism;
The gear support block (6) is positioned between the centrifugal gear (5) and the exhaust cam (2), and an annular step (601) for installing a return spring (10) is arranged on the end surface of the gear support block (6) adjacent to the exhaust cam (2); one end of the return spring (10) is wound on the annular step (601).
2. A camshaft with centrifugal gear pressure reduction control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the first positioning shaft (9) is connected with a bulge part of the exhaust cam (2), and the other end of the first positioning shaft is connected with the left end bearing limit sleeve (4).
3. A camshaft with centrifugal gear pressure reduction control mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear support block (6) is fixedly sleeved on the cam shaft (1) through a second positioning shaft 11, one end of the second positioning shaft 11 is connected with the protruding part of the exhaust cam (2), and the other end of the second positioning shaft is connected with the gear support block (6).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010385777.XA CN111379607B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010385777.XA CN111379607B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111379607A CN111379607A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| CN111379607B true CN111379607B (en) | 2024-09-10 |
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| CN202010385777.XA Active CN111379607B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN212428974U (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-01-29 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003200227B2 (en) * | 2002-02-06 | 2008-09-25 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Internal Combustion Engine Provided with Decompressing Means and Method of Adjusting Valve Lift for Decompression |
| JP4181903B2 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2008-11-19 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Cam mechanism with decompression device |
| JP4180447B2 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2008-11-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Decompression device for internal combustion engine |
| JP4199157B2 (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2008-12-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Valve operating device for internal combustion engine |
| CN101302947A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-12 | 王华正 | Startup pressure reducing device of carburettor |
| JP6089575B2 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2017-03-08 | スズキ株式会社 | Decompression parts of decompression equipment |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN212428974U (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-01-29 | 洛阳北方易初摩托车有限公司 | Camshaft with centrifugal gear decompression control mechanism |
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