CN111378856A - B with pure aluminum layer coated on periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
B with pure aluminum layer coated on periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111378856A CN111378856A CN201811623623.9A CN201811623623A CN111378856A CN 111378856 A CN111378856 A CN 111378856A CN 201811623623 A CN201811623623 A CN 201811623623A CN 111378856 A CN111378856 A CN 111378856A
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- aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0057—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on B4C
Abstract
The invention relates to a B with a pure aluminum layer coated on the periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar and preparation method thereof, wherein the center part of the bar is B4The C reinforced aluminum-based composite material contains 5-15 wt.% of uniformly distributed nanoscale B4C particles with the size of 30 nm-80 nm and the periphery coated with pure aluminum. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly B is4Uniformly mixing the C particles and the aluminum powder, putting the mixture into a sheath, vacuumizing the sheath, sintering the mixture into a bar in an argon atmosphere, and removing the barOxidizing the surface of the rod, using the rod as a core for sand casting, pouring molten aluminum liquid at 680-750 ℃, integrating the casting and the core after water cooling, cleaning the surface, and performing rotary swaging processing to obtain B with the periphery coated with a pure aluminum layer4C reinforcing aluminum-based bars. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short period and high utilization rate of raw materials, and the prepared bar has higher strength than that of a common pure aluminum or aluminum alloy bar, keeps higher plastic toughness and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a B with a pure aluminum layer coated on the periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Traditional pure aluminum or aluminum alloy bars are widely used due to the advantages of low density, good plasticity, easy processing and the like, such as 1050 aluminum bars, 2024 aluminum bars, 4A01 aluminum bars and the like, but the application of the bars in many fields is limited by the problem of low strength. In the face of increasing material requirements, the trend towards light weight and high strength is developed, the traditional single metal material cannot meet the requirements, so that the compounding is an important development direction of the material, and the light metal is taken as a matrix to add a reinforcing phase, which is an important direction of the compounding.
The particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is a main system in the aluminum-based composite material and is mainly added with B4C、SiC、Al2O3、TiC、TiB2Iso-hard particles of which B4The density of C is 2.51g.cm-1Is greater than SiC and Al2O3、Al2O3、TiC、TiB2Low in grade, is a common ceramic material with the lowest density, and B4The hardness of C is very high, and the requirement of light weight is met. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN104138921A discloses a method for preparing an in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite bar, which has a tensile strength of 415MPa and an elongation at break of 2.5%. The material has the following defects: although the strength is greatly improved, the plasticity loss is too serious, so that the bar becomes a brittle material, the strength of the bar is obviously higher than that of a common pure aluminum or aluminum alloy bar, but the bar cannot meet the requirement of high plasticity and toughness, the preparation process is complicated, and the manufacturing period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior aluminum bar material and provides a B with a pure aluminum layer coated on the periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
b with pure aluminum layer coated on periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar material, the center part of the bar material is B4The C-reinforced aluminum-based composite material contains 5-15 wt.% of nano B4C, particles, the periphery of which is coated with pure aluminum; the ratio of the width of the aluminum ring to the radius of the core composite material is about 1:2 to 1:1.
Furthermore, the length range of the bar is 0.5-2 m, and the radius range is 10-30 mm.
B with pure aluminum layer coated on periphery4The preparation method of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar comprises the following specific steps:
preparing a raw material B for the central portion of the bar4C, particle powder, aluminum powder and pure aluminum; b is to be4The C powder and the aluminum powder are evenly mixed and sintered into B4C, reinforcing the aluminum-based bar; after the circular column wood pattern is manufactured, the wood pattern and B are combined4Sheathing the C reinforced aluminum-based bar material to form a casting mold with two symmetrical ends and a parting surface passing through the axis, and manufacturing the B reinforced aluminum-based bar material into the casting mold by using molding sand4C, placing the reinforced aluminum-based bar serving as a mold core into a casting mold, and cooling by water after molten aluminum liquid is poured; placing the mixture into a rotary swaging machine for rotary swaging to obtain B with the periphery coated with a pure aluminum layer4C reinforcing aluminum-based bars.
Further, B4The purity of the C particle powder is more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the size of the C particle powder is 30 nm-80 nm, the purity of the aluminum powder is more than or equal to 99.7 percent, the size of the aluminum powder is 50 mu m-100 mu m, and the pure aluminum of the raw material of the periphery is the pure aluminum of which the purity is more than or equal to 99.7 percent.
Further, B4The sintering step of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar material comprises the following specific steps: b is to be4And C, uniformly mixing the powder C and the aluminum powder, putting the mixture into a sheath, vacuumizing the sheath, putting the sheath into a hot isostatic pressing machine, performing heat preservation and pressure maintenance for 2 to 4 hours in an argon atmosphere at the pressure of 100 to 200MPa and the temperature of 550 to 650 ℃, sintering the mixture into a material, and removing a surface oxide layer by using a steel brush.
Further, the manufactured circular column wood pattern ensures the inner diameter of the wood pattern and B in (2)4The radius of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is the same, the ratio of the ring width to the radius is 1.1: 2-1.1: 1, and the length is 80-150 mm smaller than that of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar.
Further, the concrete process of water cooling after the molten aluminum liquid is poured is as follows: pouring molten aluminum liquid at 680-750 ℃, taking out after water cooling, and cleaning the surface by using a steel brush.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the invention adopts the combination of hot isostatic pressing, sand casting and rotary swaging processes, and has the advantages of good product compactness, simple process, easy operation and low cost.
(2) The invention can be realized by changing B4The strength and toughness of the bar are regulated and controlled by the proportion of the C particles and the ratio of the width of the aluminum ring to the radius of the core composite material so as to meet different use requirements.
(3) The bar prepared by the invention has high strength and can keep good plastic toughness.
(4) The preparation method disclosed by the invention is green and environment-friendly, and the material utilization rate is high.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1
(1) Preparing raw materials of the central part of the bar: b with purity more than or equal to 99.5% and size of 30-80 nm45 wt.% of C particle powder, 95 wt.% of aluminum powder with purity more than or equal to 99.7% and size of 50-100 μm. The raw material of the peripheral part is pure aluminum with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent.
(2) B is to be4And C, uniformly mixing the powder C and the aluminum powder, then placing the mixture into a sheath, vacuumizing the sheath, then placing the sheath into a hot isostatic pressing machine, carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 2 hours in an argon atmosphere at the pressure and temperature of 100MPa and 550 ℃, sintering the mixture into a material, and then removing a surface oxide layer by using a steel brush.
(3) Manufacturing a circular column wood model: the inner diameter is the same as the radius of the material obtained in the step (2), the ratio of the ring width to the radius is 1.1:1, and the length is 80 mm-150 mm smaller than that of the material. And (3) sheathing the wood mold and the material obtained in the step (2) to form a mold with two symmetrical ends, enabling a parting surface to pass through the axis, making the mold into a casting mold by using molding sand, putting the bar obtained in the step (2) into the casting mold as a mold core, pouring molten aluminum liquid at 750 ℃, taking out after water cooling, and cleaning the surface by using a steel brush.
(4) And (4) placing the material obtained in the step (3) into a rotary swaging machine for rotary swaging, wherein the feeding speed is 800mm/min, the rotation speed is 15r/min, and the reduction of area is 30%.
Prepared annular layer B4The C reinforced aluminum-based bar comprises the following components:
the central part is B4C reinforced aluminum matrix composite containing 5 wt.% of nano-B4And C particles, wherein the periphery of the C particles is coated with pure aluminum, and the ratio of the width of the aluminum ring to the radius of the core composite material is about 1:1.
Example 2
(1) Preparing raw materials of the central part of the bar: b with purity more than or equal to 99.5% and size of 30-80 nm410 wt.% of C particle powder, 90 wt.% of aluminum powder with purity more than or equal to 99.7% and size of 50-100 μm. The raw material of the peripheral part is pure aluminum with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent.
(2) B is to be4And C, uniformly mixing the powder C and the aluminum powder, then placing the mixture into a sheath, vacuumizing the sheath, then placing the sheath into a hot isostatic pressing machine, carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere at the pressure and temperature of 150MPa and 600 ℃, sintering the mixture into a material, and then removing a surface oxide layer by using a steel brush.
(3) Manufacturing a circular column wood model: the inner diameter is the same as the radius of the material obtained in the step (2), the ratio of the ring width to the radius is 1.1:1.5, and the length is 80 mm-150 mm smaller than that of the material. And (3) sheathing the wood mold and the material obtained in the step (2) to form a mold with two symmetrical ends, enabling a parting surface to pass through the axis, making the mold into a casting mold by using molding sand, putting the bar obtained in the step (2) into the casting mold as a mold core, pouring 720 ℃ molten aluminum into the casting mold, taking out the bar after water cooling, and cleaning the surface by using a steel brush.
(4) And (4) placing the material obtained in the step (3) into a rotary swaging machine for rotary swaging, wherein the feeding speed is 1000mm/min, the rotation speed is 20r/min, and the reduction of area is 20%.
Prepared annular layer B4The C reinforced aluminum-based bar comprises the following components:
the central part is B4C reinforced aluminum matrix composite containing 10 wt.% of nano-B4C particles, the periphery of which is coated with pure aluminum, the width and the center of the aluminum ringThe composite radius ratio is about 1: 1.5.
Example 3
(1) Preparing raw materials of the central part of the bar: b with purity more than or equal to 99.5% and size of 30-80 nm415 wt.% of C particle powder, 85 wt.% of aluminum powder with purity more than or equal to 99.7% and size of 50-100 μm. The raw material of the peripheral part is pure aluminum with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent.
(2) B is to be4And C, uniformly mixing the powder C and the aluminum powder, then placing the mixture into a sheath, vacuumizing the sheath, then placing the sheath into a hot isostatic pressing machine, carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 4 hours in an argon atmosphere at the pressure and temperature of 200MPa and 650 ℃, sintering the mixture into a material, and then removing a surface oxide layer by using a steel brush.
(3) Manufacturing a circular column wood model: the inner diameter is the same as the radius of the material obtained in the step (2), the ratio of the ring width to the radius is 1.1:2, and the length is 80 mm-150 mm smaller than that of the material. And (3) sheathing the wood mold and the material obtained in the step (2) to form a mold with two symmetrical ends, enabling the parting surface to pass through the axis, making the mold into a casting mold by using molding sand, putting the bar obtained in the step (2) into the casting mold as a mold core, pouring molten aluminum liquid at 680 ℃, taking out after water cooling, and cleaning the surface by using a steel brush.
(4) And (4) placing the material obtained in the step (3) into a rotary swaging machine for rotary swaging, wherein the feeding speed is 1200mm/min, the rotation speed is 25r/min, and the reduction of area is 10%.
Prepared annular layer B4The C reinforced aluminum-based bar comprises the following components:
the central part is B4C reinforced aluminum matrix composite containing 15 wt.% of nano-B4And C particles, wherein the periphery of the C particles is coated with pure aluminum, and the ratio of the width of the aluminum ring to the radius of the core composite material is about 1: 2.
B with pure aluminum layer coated on periphery prepared by the method of the invention4The C reinforced aluminum-based bar is not a common pure aluminum bar or aluminum alloy bar, is not an aluminum-based bar with uniformly distributed reinforced particles, and is a layered heterogeneous bar. B in the middle of the rod4The C particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is characterized in that B4The C particles are added and uniformly distributed in the aluminum matrix, the dislocation density is greatly increased, the strength of the material is greatly improved, and the crack propagation path is caused by B4C particle hindrance and extensionLong, and simultaneously, the content of aluminum base is larger, and good plastic toughness can be kept. After the pure aluminum on the periphery is swaged, the grain size becomes small, and the strength is improved under the condition that the plasticity is slightly reduced. The bar has higher integral strength than common aluminum bar, and under the condition of bending deformation (less central deformation and large peripheral deformation), the center is 'hard', the peripheral 'soft' form just conforms to the bending deformation, and simultaneously the central part B4The C particles have better effect of hindering the crack from propagating to the center. In addition, the hot isostatic pressing, sand casting and rotary swaging processes are simple and convenient, and the cost is low, so that the bar is suitable for industrial production.
Claims (7)
1. B with pure aluminum layer coated on periphery4C reinforced aluminum-based bar material, characterized in that the center part of the bar material is B4The C-reinforced aluminum-based composite material contains 5-15 wt.% of nano B4C, particles, the periphery of which is coated with pure aluminum; the ratio of the width of the aluminum ring to the radius of the core composite material is about 1:2 to 1:1.
2. B with a peripheral coating of a pure aluminum layer according to claim4The C reinforced aluminum-based bar is characterized in that the length range of the bar is 0.5-2 m, and the radius range is 10-30 mm.
3. B based on the layer coated with pure aluminum according to any one of claims 1-24The preparation method of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a raw material B for the central portion of the bar4C, particle powder, aluminum powder and pure aluminum;
(2) b is to be4The C powder and the aluminum powder are evenly mixed and sintered into B4C, reinforcing the aluminum-based bar;
(3) after the circular column wood pattern is manufactured, the wood pattern and B are combined4Sheathing the C reinforced aluminum-based bar material to form a casting mold with two symmetrical ends and a parting surface passing through the axis, and manufacturing the B reinforced aluminum-based bar material into the casting mold by using molding sand4C, placing the reinforced aluminum-based bar serving as a mold core into a casting mold, and cooling by water after molten aluminum liquid is poured;
(4)placing the mixture into a rotary swaging machine for rotary swaging to obtain B with the periphery coated with a pure aluminum layer4C reinforcing aluminum-based bars.
4. B with a peripheral coating of a layer of pure aluminum according to claim 34The preparation method of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is characterized in that B4The purity of the C particle powder is more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the size of the C particle powder is 30 nm-80 nm, the purity of the aluminum powder is more than or equal to 99.7 percent, the size of the aluminum powder is 50 mu m-100 mu m, and the pure aluminum of the raw material of the periphery is the pure aluminum of which the purity is more than or equal to 99.7 percent.
5. B with a peripheral coating of a layer of pure aluminum according to claim 34The preparation method of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is characterized in that B4The sintering step of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar material comprises the following specific steps: b is to be4And C, uniformly mixing the powder C and the aluminum powder, putting the mixture into a sheath, vacuumizing the sheath, putting the sheath into a hot isostatic pressing machine, performing heat preservation and pressure maintenance for 2 to 4 hours in an argon atmosphere at the pressure of 100 to 200MPa and the temperature of 550 to 650 ℃, sintering the mixture into a material, and removing a surface oxide layer by using a steel brush.
6. B with a peripheral coating of a layer of pure aluminum according to claim 34The preparation method of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is characterized in that the manufactured circular column wood pattern ensures the inner diameter of the wood pattern and the inner diameter of the B in the step (2)4The radius of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is the same, the ratio of the ring width to the radius is 1.1: 2-1.1: 1, and the length is 80-150 mm smaller than that of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar.
7. B with a peripheral coating of a layer of pure aluminum according to claim 34The preparation method of the C reinforced aluminum-based bar is characterized in that the concrete process of water cooling after the pouring of molten aluminum liquid is as follows: pouring molten aluminum liquid at 680-750 ℃, taking out after water cooling, and cleaning the surface by using a steel brush.
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| CN111378856B CN111378856B (en) | 2021-09-10 |
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| CN107326210A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-07 | 中北大学 | A kind of extrusion casting method of hybrid particles reinforced aluminium based composites |
| JP2018512507A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2018-05-17 | アーコニック インコーポレイテッドＡｒｃｏｎｉｃ Ｉｎｃ． | Aluminum alloy product and manufacturing method thereof |
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2018
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| JPS5433214A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1979-03-10 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind | Structural aluminum alloy materials having good neutron barrier effect and corrosion resistivity |
| JP2013174013A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2013-09-05 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Coated article and process of coating article |
| CN104313400A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-01-28 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Aluminum-based boron carbide composite material and neutron absorption plate |
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| CN105734322A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of carbon nanotube strengthened aluminum-based composite material |
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Effective date of registration: 20230410 Address after: No. 9 Fengming Avenue, Wanjiang Jiangnan Emerging Industry Concentration Zone, Guichi District, Chizhou City, Anhui Province, 247124 Patentee after: Anhui Wanfeng precision aluminum Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 210094 No. 200, Xiaolingwei, Jiangsu, Nanjing Patentee before: NANJING University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |