CN111378197A - 一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111378197A
CN111378197A CN202010227955.6A CN202010227955A CN111378197A CN 111378197 A CN111378197 A CN 111378197A CN 202010227955 A CN202010227955 A CN 202010227955A CN 111378197 A CN111378197 A CN 111378197A
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刘伟
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Abstract

本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,公开了一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法,包括A、B两组份,A组份由下列重量分的原料组成:聚醚多元醇15~20%、聚酯多元醇23~35%、匀泡剂1.6~1.9%、催化剂1.6~2.3%、阻燃剂6~8%、新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂1~30%、可膨胀石墨预分散组份1~20%;B组份为异氰酸酯;新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂外观为外观为无色至浅黄色透明液体,无机械杂质,密度1.1±0.1,PH 8~11,粘度≤500,凝点≤‑15℃;本发明成本低,制得的聚氨酯硬质泡沫同时达到国家安全标准和国家环保要求标准,真正解决市面上达到燃烧B1级产品并符合国际环保要求,无ODP、GWP值为1的环保发泡剂,主要应用在汽车、船舶、先进轨道交通、航空航天、节能环保领域。

Description

一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域,特别是涉及一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯硬质泡沫具有优异的物理机械性能和耐化学性能,是一种性能优良的绝热材料,可借助模具间歇或者连续生产板材,也可采用喷涂设备直接在建筑物基底上进行喷涂施工,相比较板材,喷涂成型的优点是不需要模具,无论是在形状简单的基底表面或者是复杂的基底表面,都可以通过喷涂方法形成聚氨酯硬质泡沫保温层,劳动生产率高,更重要的是,采用喷涂施工方式,材料的运输成本显著降低;市场上能满足B1级阻燃标准的聚氨酯硬质泡沫产品甚少,多数含有高份数有机含卤素的阻燃添加剂,一旦引起火灾,将产生大量窒息性有毒浓烟,危及人身安全,同时对环保危害很大,大量的有机阻燃剂的添加对聚氨酯硬质泡沫的力学性能造成了极大破坏,而且随着时间的推移阻燃性能会因阻燃成分的游离而减弱,目前现有的材料不具备同时达到国家安全标准和国际环保要求标准。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中所存在的技术问题,本发明提供了一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括A、B两组份,A组份由下列重量分的原料组成:聚醚多元醇 15~20%、聚酯多元醇23~35%、匀泡剂1.6~1.9%、催化剂1.6~2.3%、阻燃剂6~8%、新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂1~30%、可膨胀石墨预分散组份1~20%;B组份为异氰酸酯。
A组份与B组份按重量比为1:1的配比混合,经高压喷涂设备喷涂成型。
可膨胀石墨预分散组份为液体混合物,可膨胀石墨粒径在0.15mm以下,膨胀倍率400~500倍,并经由硅烷偶联剂预处理;可膨胀石墨进行预分散处理是将硅烷偶联剂与多羟基小分子醇按质量比为1:10~90混合,超声分散2~2.5小时得分散溶液,将可膨胀石墨与多羟基小分子醇按质量比1:3~9混合,搅拌3~4 小时得可膨胀石墨混合物,将上述分散溶液和可膨胀石墨混合物按质量比 1:2~18混合,搅拌1~4小时,得到可膨胀石墨预分散组份。多羟基小分子醇的官能度≥4,分子量<180。
聚醚多元醇官能度为2,羟基为190mgKOH/g,含溴量为31.5wt%。
新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂外观为外观为无色至浅黄色透明液体,无机械杂质,密度1.1±0.1,pH 8~11,粘度(25℃下,MPa·s)≤500,凝点≤-15℃;闪点:无;沸点:沸点前分解;水溶性:与水混溶。
一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)配制可膨胀石墨预分散组份,对可膨胀石墨进行预分散处理,将硅烷偶联剂与多羟基小分子醇按质量比为1:10~90混合,超声分散2小时得分散溶液,将可膨胀石墨与多羟基小分子醇按质量比1:3~9混合,搅拌3~4小时得可膨胀石墨混合物;将上述分散溶液和可膨胀石墨混合物按质量比1:2~18混合,搅拌 1~4小时,得到可膨胀石墨预分散组份;
2)配制A组份,取15~20份聚醚多元醇、23~35份聚酯多元醇装入反应釜中,开始搅拌;取1.6~1.9份匀泡剂、1.6~2.3份催化剂、6~8份阻燃剂、1~30 份新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂加入到反应釜中,在常温下搅拌15~18分钟,得到可膨胀石墨均匀分散的A组份;
3)将上述A组份转移至乳化釜中,在转速1200~1500r/min下高速剪切乳化 20分钟;
4)将步骤3)乳化后的A组份与B组份异氰酸酯按质量比为1:1的配比,经高压喷涂设备制得聚氨酯硬质泡沫。
有益效果:
本发明成本低,制得的聚氨酯硬质泡沫同时达到国家安全标准和国家环保要求标准,真正解决市面上达到燃烧B1级产品并符合国际环保要求,无ODP、 GWP值为1的环保发泡剂,主要应用在汽车、船舶、先进轨道交通、航空航天、节能环保领域。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包含A、B两组份,A组份由下列重量分的原料组成:聚醚多元醇15~20%、聚酯多元醇23~35%、匀泡剂1.6~1.9%、催化剂 1.6~2.3%、阻燃剂6~8%、新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂1~30%、可膨胀石墨预分散组份1~20%;B组份为异氰酸酯。
A组份与B组份按重量比为1:1的配比混合,经高压喷涂设备喷涂成型。
可膨胀石墨预分散组份为液体混合物,可膨胀石墨粒径在0.15mm以下,膨胀倍率400~500倍,并经由硅烷偶联剂预处理;可膨胀石墨进行预分散处理是将硅烷偶联剂与多羟基小分子醇按质量比为1:10~90混合,超声分散2~2.5小时得分散溶液,将可膨胀石墨与多羟基小分子醇按质量比1:3~9混合,搅拌3~4 小时得可膨胀石墨混合物,将上述分散溶液和可膨胀石墨混合物按质量比 1:2~18混合,搅拌1~4小时,得到可膨胀石墨预分散组份。多羟基小分子醇的官能度≥4,分子量<180。
聚醚多元醇官能度为2,羟基为190mgKOH/g,含溴量为31.5wt%。
新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂外观为外观为无色至浅黄色透明液体,无机械杂质,密度1.1±0.1,pH 8~11,粘度(25℃下,MPa·s)≤500,凝点≤-15℃,闪点:无,沸点:沸点前分解,水溶性:与水混溶。
一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)配制可膨胀石墨预分散组份,对可膨胀石墨进行预分散处理,将硅烷偶联剂与多羟基小分子醇按质量比为1:10~90混合,超声分散2小时得分散溶液,将可膨胀石墨与多羟基小分子醇按质量比1:3~9混合,搅拌3~4小时得可膨胀石墨混合物;将上述分散溶液和可膨胀石墨混合物按质量比1:2~18混合,搅拌 1~4小时,得到可膨胀石墨预分散组份;
2)配制A组份,取15~20份聚醚多元醇、23~35份聚酯多元醇装入反应釜中,开始搅拌;取1.6~1.9份匀泡剂、1.6~2.3份催化剂、6~8份阻燃剂、1~30 份新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂加入到反应釜中,在常温下搅拌15~18分钟,得到可膨胀石墨均匀分散的A组份;
3)将上述A组份转移至乳化釜中,在转速1200~1500r/min下高速剪切乳化 20分钟;
4)将步骤3)乳化后的A组份与B组份异氰酸酯按质量比为1:1的配比,经高压喷涂设备制得聚氨酯硬质泡沫。
使用本实施例方法制得的聚氨酯喷涂泡沫进行检测,得到如下检测结果:
Figure BDA0002428338140000041
Figure BDA0002428338140000051
由此可以看出,本发明制得的聚氨酯硬质泡沫同时达到国家安全标准和国家环保要求标准,真正解决市面上达到燃烧B1级产品并符合国际环保要求,无 ODP、GWP值为1的环保发泡剂。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于:包括A、B两组份,A组份由下列重量分的原料组成:聚醚多元醇15~20%、聚酯多元醇23~35%、匀泡剂1.6~1.9%、催化剂1.6~2.3%、阻燃剂6~8%、新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂1~30%、可膨胀石墨预分散组份1~20%;B组份为异氰酸酯;
A组份与B组份按重量比为1:1的配比混合,经高压喷涂设备喷涂成型;
可膨胀石墨预分散组份为液体混合物,可膨胀石墨粒径在0.15mm以下,膨胀倍率400~500倍,并经由硅烷偶联剂预处理;可膨胀石墨进行预分散处理是将硅烷偶联剂与多羟基小分子醇按质量比为1:10~90混合,超声分散2~2.5小时得分散溶液,将可膨胀石墨与多羟基小分子醇按质量比1:3~9混合,搅拌3~4小时得可膨胀石墨混合物,将上述分散溶液和可膨胀石墨混合物按质量比1:2~18混合,搅拌1~4小时,得到可膨胀石墨预分散组份;多羟基小分子醇的官能度≥4,分子量<180;
新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂外观为外观为无色至浅黄色透明液体,无机械杂质,密度1.1±0.1,pH 8~11,粘度≤500,凝点≤-15℃;闪点:无;沸点:沸点前分解;水溶性:与水混溶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,其特征在于:其包括如下步骤:
1)配制可膨胀石墨预分散组份,对可膨胀石墨进行预分散处理,将硅烷偶联剂与多羟基小分子醇按质量比为1:10~90混合,超声分散2小时得分散溶液,将可膨胀石墨与多羟基小分子醇按质量比1:3~9混合,搅拌3~4小时得可膨胀石墨混合物;将上述分散溶液和可膨胀石墨混合物按质量比1:2~18混合,搅拌1~4小时,得到可膨胀石墨预分散组份;
2)配制A组份,取15~20份聚醚多元醇、23~35份聚酯多元醇装入反应釜中,开始搅拌;取1.6~1.9份匀泡剂、1.6~2.3份催化剂、6~8份阻燃剂、1~30份新型CFA8系列环保发泡剂加入到反应釜中,在常温下搅拌15~18分钟,得到可膨胀石墨均匀分散的A组份;
3)将上述A组份转移至乳化釜中,在转速1200~1500r/min下高速剪切乳化20分钟;
4)将步骤3)乳化后的A组份与B组份异氰酸酯按质量比为1:1的配比,经高压喷涂设备制得聚氨酯硬质泡沫。
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WO2012163279A1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 Basf Se Polyurethane rigid foams
CN104558483A (zh) * 2015-02-04 2015-04-29 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) 一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法
CN109762136A (zh) * 2019-01-25 2019-05-17 海信容声(广东)冰箱有限公司 一种聚氨酯发泡组合物、聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法和应用

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012163279A1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 Basf Se Polyurethane rigid foams
CN104558483A (zh) * 2015-02-04 2015-04-29 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) 一种喷涂型聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法
CN109762136A (zh) * 2019-01-25 2019-05-17 海信容声(广东)冰箱有限公司 一种聚氨酯发泡组合物、聚氨酯泡沫及其制备方法和应用

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