CN111377682A - Anti-cracking concrete and preparation method thereof, and anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated part composite floor slab and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking concrete and preparation method thereof, and anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated part composite floor slab and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111377682A CN111377682A CN202010190920.XA CN202010190920A CN111377682A CN 111377682 A CN111377682 A CN 111377682A CN 202010190920 A CN202010190920 A CN 202010190920A CN 111377682 A CN111377682 A CN 111377682A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of composite floor slabs, in particular to anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof, and an anti-cracking assembly type prefabricated component composite floor slab and a preparation method thereof. The anti-crack concrete provided by the invention comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 270-300 parts of cement, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 850-900 parts of sand, 1000-1150 parts of stones, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent, 0.8-1.0 part of waterproof agent and 160-170 parts of water. The anti-cracking effect of the concrete can be improved through the matching effect of the components and the dosage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite floor slabs, in particular to anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof, and an anti-cracking assembly type prefabricated component composite floor slab and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of building industrialization, the traditional extensive construction mode cannot meet the requirements of residential building in the current stage due to the defects of low labor productivity, high energy consumption and serious environmental pollution, so that the mode of traditional residential building needs to be changed urgently. The prefabricated concrete structure is one of the structural forms mainly popularized in the building industrialization development process, the composite floor slab is an important component of the prefabricated concrete structure, wherein the floor slab system accounts for a large proportion in the whole structure, the composite floor slab combines the advantages of the prefabricated floor slab and a cast-in-place floor slab, and the prefabricated concrete structure has the advantages of controllable structure quality, high production efficiency, high construction speed, low carbon, environmental protection and the like, but various crack problems generated in the processing, production, installation and use processes seriously influence the popularization and application of the prefabricated concrete component and the healthy development of the prefabricated building industry.
The cracking problem that current assembled prefabricated component coincide floor exists has both influenced the pleasing to the eye of building, also can cause the potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide anti-cracking concrete which has excellent anti-cracking effect, and can prevent cracks and improve the service performance of a composite floor slab when being applied to the prefabricated composite member composite floor slab.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides anti-crack concrete which comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 270-300 parts of cement, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 850-900 parts of sand, 1000-1150 parts of stones, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent, 0.8-1.0 part of waterproof agent and 160-170 parts of water.
Preferably, the waterproof agent is an SF-III type waterproof agent produced by Beijing Kebang waterproof engineering Co.
Preferably, the sand has a particle size of 5mm or less.
Preferably, the particle size of the stones is 5-20 mm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the anti-crack concrete in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing a waterproof agent, a water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixed solution;
mixing cement, fly ash, sand and stones to obtain dry mixed material;
and mixing the mixed solution and the dry mixture to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated part composite floor slab, which comprises the following steps:
pouring the anti-crack concrete in the technical scheme into a composite floor slab die, and sequentially carrying out vibration and galling treatment to obtain a concrete pouring piece;
carrying out steam curing on the concrete building, and obtaining a composite floor slab member after demolding;
and carrying out wet maintenance on the composite floor slab component to obtain the anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated component composite floor slab.
Preferably, the vibration frequency of the vibration is 30-50 Hz; the napping depth is 4-6 mm.
Preferably, the steam curing temperature is below 55 ℃, and the time is 7-8 h.
Preferably, the humidity of the wet curing is more than 60%, and the temperature is more than 0 ℃.
The invention also provides the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slab prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
The invention provides anti-crack concrete which comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 270-300 parts of cement, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 850-900 parts of sand, 1000-1150 parts of stones, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent, 0.8-1.0 part of waterproof agent and 160-170 parts of water. According to the invention, the principle that the waterproof agent absorbs water until the waterproof agent is saturated and then repels the water is utilized to block the water, so that the water loss in the concrete can be inhibited, and an internal curing agent effect is achieved; and after water contacts the concrete in the later period, crystals in the waterproof agent expand to seal pores, capillaries and cracks, so that the aims of preventing water and water seepage are fulfilled. The anti-cracking effect of the concrete can be improved through the matching effect of the components and the dosage.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slab, the anti-cracking concrete provided by the invention is adopted for pouring, and steam curing and wet curing processes are matched, so that no crack is generated in the prefabricated component composite floor slab, and the service performance of the composite floor slab is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite floor form according to an embodiment;
figure 2 is a plate reinforcement diagram of a composite floor slab in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention provides anti-crack concrete which comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 270-300 parts of cement, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 850-900 parts of sand, 1000-1150 parts of stones, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent, 0.8-1.0 part of waterproof agent and 160-170 parts of water.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the starting materials for the preparation used in the present invention are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.
In the invention, the preparation raw materials of the anti-crack concrete comprise, by weight, 270-300 parts of cement, preferably 275-285 parts of cement, and more preferably 280 parts of cement. In the present invention, the cement is preferably p.o42.5 portland cement.
In the invention, based on the weight parts of the cement, the preparation raw material of the anti-crack concrete comprises 70-100 parts of fly ash, preferably 80-95 parts of fly ash, and more preferably 90 parts of fly ash. In the present invention, the fly ash is preferably grade I fly ash or grade ii fly ash.
In the invention, the raw materials for preparing the anti-crack concrete comprise 850-900 parts of sand, preferably 855-865 parts of sand, and more preferably 860 parts of cement by weight. In the present invention, the sand preferably has a particle size of 5mm or less; the fineness modulus of the sand is preferably 2.3-2.8. In the present invention, the sand is preferably natural medium sand.
In the invention, the raw materials for preparing the anti-crack concrete comprise 1000-1150 parts of stones, preferably 1100-1149 parts of stones, and more preferably 1136 parts of stones based on the weight parts of the cement. In the invention, the particle size of the stones is preferably 5-20 mm.
In the invention, the raw materials for preparing the anti-crack concrete comprise 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent, preferably 5.8 parts of cement by weight. In the present invention, the water reducing agent is preferably a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
In the invention, the raw materials for preparing the anti-crack concrete comprise 0.8-1.0 part of waterproof agent, and particularly preferably 0.8 part, 0.9 part or 1.0 part of waterproof agent based on the weight parts of the cement. In the invention, the waterproof agent is preferably an SF-III type waterproof agent produced by Beijing Kebang waterproof engineering Co; the waterproof agent is a mixture of an organic component and an inorganic component. According to the invention, the principle that the waterproof agent absorbs water until the waterproof agent is saturated and then repels the water is utilized to block the water, so that the water loss in the concrete can be inhibited, and an internal curing agent effect is achieved; and after water contacts the concrete in the later period, crystals in the waterproof agent expand to seal pores, capillaries and cracks, so that the aims of preventing water and water seepage are fulfilled.
In the invention, the preparation raw material of the anti-crack concrete comprises 160-170 parts of water, and particularly preferably 160, 165 or 170 parts of water based on the weight parts of the cement.
The anti-cracking effect of the concrete is improved through the matching effect of the components and the dosage thereof.
The invention provides a preparation method of the anti-crack concrete in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing a waterproof agent, a water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixed solution;
mixing cement, fly ash, sand and stones to obtain dry mixed material;
and mixing the mixed solution and the dry mixture to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
The invention mixes the waterproof agent, the water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixed solution. The concrete process of mixing is not particularly limited, and the water-proofing agent and the water reducing agent are preferably completely dissolved in water.
The dry mixture is obtained by mixing cement, fly ash, sand and stones. In the invention, the mixing of the cement, the fly ash, the sand and the stones is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, the speed of stirring is preferably 45-50 r/min, and the time of stirring is preferably 30-60 s, and more preferably 30 s.
After the mixed solution and the dry mixture are obtained, the mixed solution and the dry mixture are mixed to obtain the anti-crack concrete. In the invention, the mixing is preferably carried out under stirring conditions, the stirring speed is preferably 45-50 r/min, and the stirring time is preferably 30-60 s, and more preferably 60 s. The invention has the function of separately mixing the liquid raw material and the solid raw material, and the solid raw material is better in mixing homogeneity in a dry state.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated part composite floor slab, which comprises the following steps:
pouring the anti-crack concrete in the technical scheme into a composite floor slab die, and sequentially carrying out vibration and galling treatment to obtain a concrete pouring piece;
carrying out steam curing on the concrete building, and obtaining a composite floor slab member after demolding;
and carrying out wet maintenance on the composite floor slab component to obtain the anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated component composite floor slab.
The method comprises the steps of pouring the anti-crack concrete into a composite floor slab die, and sequentially carrying out vibration and napping treatment to obtain a concrete pouring piece, wherein the composite floor slab die is not specially limited, and the composite floor slab die is a composite floor slab die well known by a person skilled in the art.
Before pouring the anti-crack concrete, the invention preferably further comprises: and cleaning the composite floor slab die, and coating a release agent on the surface of the composite floor slab die. In the present invention, the release agent is preferably an aqueous release agent, more preferably a PC aqueous release agent. In the present invention, the coating is preferably performed by spraying. The retarder is preferably coated at the exposed steel bars of the composite floor slab die for delaying the setting time of the side-form concrete, so that the composite floor slab is convenient to be napped after being demoulded, and the firmness of the joint surface of the secondary poured concrete is improved.
In the invention, the vibration frequency of vibration is preferably 30-50 Hz; the depth of the napping treatment is preferably 4-6 mm, more preferably 6mm, and the width is preferably 2-3 cm, more preferably 2 cm.
In the present invention, the density of the concrete building is preferably 2540kg/m3The intensity is preferably C30.
After the concrete building is obtained, the concrete building is subjected to steam curing, and the composite floor slab member is obtained after demolding. In the present invention, the steam curing is preferably performed in a steam curing kiln, and the steam pressure and the temperature of the steam curing preferably increase in a gradient manner, specifically: when the time is 0-2 h, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.00424MPa, and the temperature is 30 ℃; when the time is 2-4 hours, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.00715MPa, and the temperature is 40 ℃; when the time is 4-6 hours, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.01234MPa, and the temperature is 50 ℃; when the time is 6-8 hours, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.01234MPa, and the temperature is 50 ℃; the final steam curing temperature is below 55 ℃.
In the invention, when the demoulding is carried out, the stress hoisting points are preferably distributed according to the requirement, so that the cracks caused by uneven stress when the laminated floor slab is subjected to demoulding are prevented.
After the composite floor slab component is obtained, the composite floor slab component is subjected to wet maintenance to obtain the anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated component composite floor slab. In the present invention, the wet curing is preferably performed by watering; the humidity of the wet curing is preferably more than 60%, and particularly preferably 60-70%; the temperature of the wet curing is preferably above 0 ℃, and particularly preferably 0-20 ℃; the time for wet curing is preferably 7-14 d, and more preferably 7 d.
In a specific application example of the present invention, the crack-resistant prefabricated component composite floor slab is preferably stacked and stored, and the stacking mode is preferably: the stacking number of the stacked layers of each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs is not more than 6, I-shaped steel supported below each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs are symmetrically arranged, the length of each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs is more than 4m, 3 steel beams are required for stacking the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs, the length of each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs is less than 4m, 2 steel beams are required for stacking the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs, and the steel beams are uniformly distributed to ensure uniform stress. By adopting the stacking mode, the invention can keep the uniform stress of the laminated floor slab and reduce the cracks caused by external stress.
The invention also provides the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slab prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The anti-crack concrete in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials: 280kg of cement, 90kg of fly ash, 860kg of sand, 1136kg of stones, 5.8kg of water reducing agent, 0.8kg of waterproofing agent and 170kg of water;
the preparation method of the anti-crack concrete comprises the following steps: dissolving a waterproof agent and a water reducing agent in water to obtain a mixed solution; stirring cement, fly ash, sand and stones for 30s at the speed of 45r/min to obtain dry mixture; and adding the mixed solution into the dry mixture, and stirring for 60s at the speed of 45r/min to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
The preparation method of the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slab comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the composite floor slab die, uniformly spraying a water-based release agent after cleaning, and coating a retarder on the exposed steel bars;
(2) assembling the four-side die to a bottom die according to the size requirement;
(3) paving transverse reinforcing steel bars firstly, paving longitudinal reinforcing steel bars secondly, and placing truss ribs according to the size required by a drawing;
(4) adjusting the size of the exposed steel bar and installing a wire box;
(5) placing a cushion block control protective layer and placing a pressure bar to control the height of the truss rib;
(6) pouring the anti-crack concrete into a composite floor slab die, and sequentially vibrating and napping to obtain a concrete pouring piece, wherein the napping depth is 6mm, and the width is 2 cm;
(7) and (3) feeding the concrete building into a steam curing kiln for steam curing, wherein the specific procedure during steam curing is as follows: when the time is 0-2 h, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.00424MPa, and the temperature is 30 ℃; when the time is 2-4 hours, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.00715MPa, and the temperature is 40 ℃; when the time is 4-6 hours, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.01234MPa, and the temperature is 50 ℃; when the time is 6-8 hours, the steam pressure of the steam curing is 0.01234MPa, and the temperature is 50 ℃;
(8) during stripping, the stress hoisting points are distributed according to requirements (the specific requirements are according to design requirements, the stress distribution is uniform during hoisting of the composite floor slab, and the specific positions are shown in figures 1-2), so that cracks caused by uneven stress during stripping of the composite floor slab are prevented;
(9) obtaining a composite floor slab component after demoulding, carrying out indoor watering maintenance (the humidity is 70%) on the composite floor slab component for 7d to obtain an anti-cracking assembly type prefabricated component composite floor slab, and transferring the composite floor slab to an external storage yard;
(10) stacking: the stacking number of the stacked layers of each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs is not more than 6, I-shaped steel supported below each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs are symmetrically arranged, the length of each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs is more than 4m, 3 steel beams are required for stacking the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs, the length of each pile of anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs is less than 4m, 2 steel beams are required for stacking the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs, and the steel beams are uniformly distributed to ensure uniform stress.
Example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the amount of the water repellent was adjusted to 0.9kg and the amount of water was adjusted to 165 kg.
Example 3
The preparation process was substantially the same as that of example 1 except that the amount of the water repellent was adjusted to 1.0kg and the amount of water was adjusted to 160 kg.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method was substantially the same as that of example 1 except that no water repellent was added.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was followed except that step (9) was omitted and the laminated floor structure was not wet-cured.
Test example
The compressive strength of the composite floor slabs prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 is tested according to the standard GB/T50081 of the test method for physical and mechanical properties of concrete, and the obtained results are shown in Table 1;
the composite floor slabs prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested for cracking using a concrete crack test card at an outdoor average temperature of 20 ℃, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Properties of laminated floorslabs prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2
The results in table 1 show that the strength of the anti-cracking prefabricated component composite floor slabs prepared in examples 1 to 3 is basically similar to that of the composite floor slabs prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2, but the anti-cracking performance is obviously improved, which indicates that the composite floor slabs prepared in the invention have excellent anti-cracking performance.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The anti-crack concrete comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight: 270-300 parts of cement, 70-100 parts of fly ash, 850-900 parts of sand, 1000-1150 parts of stones, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent, 0.8-1.0 part of waterproof agent and 160-170 parts of water.
2. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the water-proofing agent is an SF-III type water-proofing agent manufactured by Beijing Kebang Water engineering Limited.
3. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the sand has a particle size of 5mm or less.
4. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the stone has a particle size of 5 to 20 mm.
5. The method for preparing the crack-resistant concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing a waterproof agent, a water reducing agent and water to obtain a mixed solution;
mixing cement, fly ash, sand and stones to obtain dry mixed material;
and mixing the mixed solution and the dry mixture to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
6. A preparation method of an anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated component composite floor slab comprises the following steps:
pouring the anti-crack concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the anti-crack concrete prepared by the preparation method according to claim 5 into a laminated floor slab mold, and sequentially performing vibration and galling treatment to obtain a concrete casting;
carrying out steam curing on the concrete building, and obtaining a composite floor slab member after demolding;
and carrying out wet maintenance on the composite floor slab component to obtain the anti-cracking fabricated prefabricated component composite floor slab.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the vibration frequency of the vibration is 30 to 50 Hz; the napping depth is 4-6 mm.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the steam curing is performed at a temperature of 55 ℃ or lower for 7-8 hours.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the wet curing is performed at a humidity of 60% or more and a temperature of 0 ℃ or more.
10. The crack-resistant fabricated prefabricated part composite floor slab prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 6 to 9.
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| CN114131749A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-04 | 浙江杭加泽通建筑节能新材料有限公司 | Production method of ALC composite floor truss bottom plate |
| CN114991485A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-09-02 | 山东高速工程建设集团有限公司 | Intelligent prestress tensioning remote control method and system for precast beam slab |
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