CN111362605A - Production equipment and method for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum by using industrial by-product gypsum - Google Patents
Production equipment and method for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum by using industrial by-product gypsum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362605A CN111362605A CN202010354250.0A CN202010354250A CN111362605A CN 111362605 A CN111362605 A CN 111362605A CN 202010354250 A CN202010354250 A CN 202010354250A CN 111362605 A CN111362605 A CN 111362605A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B11/00—Calcium sulfate cements
- C04B11/26—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
- B01J8/10—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
Abstract
The invention relates to equipment and a method for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum by using industrial by-product gypsum, wherein polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layers are attached to the inner wall surface of a shell and the surface of a stirring blade of the equipment to reduce the bonding of gypsum cementing materials, hyperbolic grooves are arranged at intervals on the inner wall surface of the shell and the surface of the stirring blade, hyperbolic convex bodies are correspondingly arranged on the surface of the anti-sticking layer, and two side edges of the longitudinal sections of the hyperbolic convex bodies and the hyperbolic grooves accord with a hyperbolic formula.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plaster of paris processing, in particular to α type semi-hydrated gypsum (α -CaSO) taking industrial by-product gypsum as a raw material4·
H2O) production apparatus and method.
Background
The traditional α type semi-hydrated gypsum production process includes two kinds, one is 'steam pressing method', block-shaped dihydrate gypsum is used as raw material, one semi-crystal water is removed by steam pressing in saturated steam, then drying and grinding are carried out, α type semi-hydrated gypsum powder can be obtained, the α type semi-hydrated gypsum produced by the process has the strength of 25-35 MPA generally and is used for building materials and ceramic molds, the other is 'liquid phase method' production process, powdery dihydrate gypsum is used as raw material, hot boiling is carried out in sealed reaction kettle water at the temperature of about 140 ℃ (the corresponding saturated steam pressure is about 0.4 MPA), one semi-crystal water is removed from the raw material, then the temperature is rapidly reduced, the steam is discharged to normal pressure, primary drying is carried out, then airflow drying is carried out until the α type semi-hydrated gypsum is completely dried, and finally grinding is carried out once to obtain the α type semi-hydrated gypsum finished product.
The α type hemihydrate gypsum produced by the liquid phase method has high strength and wide application, the α type hemihydrate gypsum produced by the liquid phase method is most direct and simple because the industrial by-product gypsum is powdery, and the production equipment is mainly a high-pressure high-temperature reaction kettle with a stirring function, however, the largest problem of the process is that a large amount of process water is needed, namely, the weight ratio of solid raw materials (dihydrate gypsum powder) contained in the water medium in the production cannot be higher than 30%, so that after semi-crystalline water of the industrial by-product gypsum is removed, the weight ratio of α type hemihydrate gypsum in the water medium is only about 24%, because if a large amount of water is not available, the semi-hydrated gypsum adhered on the stirring blades gradually increases along with the conversion of the cementing materials of the hemihydrate gypsum in the reaction kettle, the stirring resistance of the semi-hydrated gypsum gradually increases, the α type hemihydrate gypsum in the produced α type hemihydrate gypsum slurry is high in concentration, when the temperature is reduced and the vapor pressure is reduced to the normal pressure, the saturated α type hemihydrate gypsum is quickly reduced to form hemihydrate gypsum, the saturated gypsum, and the saturated gypsum is quickly reduced to be solidified into blocks, and the inner wall of the primary production equipment, and the investment of the centrifuge is reduced, so that the investment of the primary production equipment is reduced, and the investment of the primary drying equipment, and the investment of the drier is reduced, and the drier, the investment of the drier, the.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to reduce the water consumption of the production process, thereby providing a production device and a method for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum by industrial by-product gypsum.
According to one aspect of the invention, the production equipment for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum from industrial by-product gypsum comprises a shell and a stirring device, wherein the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft arranged along the axial direction of the shell and stirring blades which are vertically fixed on the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft and used for stirring materials in the shell, and polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layers are attached to the surfaces of the inner wall of the shell and the surfaces of the stirring blades.
Furthermore, hyperbolic grooves are arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the shell and the surface of the stirring blade at intervals, and hyperbolic convex bodies which are embedded into the hyperbolic grooves at intervals are arranged on the surface of the anti-sticking layer at intervals; two sides of the longitudinal section of the hyperbolic convex body and the hyperbolic groove accord with the following hyperbolic formula: x is the number of2/a2-y2/b2=1，b=
and a, the real axis is parallel to the rotating shaft, and the virtual axis is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
Furthermore, the extension line direction of the end parts of the hyperbolic convex body and the hyperbolic concave groove is vertical to the direction of the stirring shaft, and the distance is 15 cm-20 cm.
Furthermore, the hyperbolic convex body and the inner wall of the hyperbolic groove are bonded through glue.
Furthermore, the shell is a steam heating double-layer shell, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the shell, a steam exhaust pipe is arranged on the side face of the feed inlet, a discharge device is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the stirring shaft is connected with a transmission device driving the stirring shaft to rotate.
According to another aspect of the invention, the production method for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum from industrial by-product gypsum is provided, the production equipment is adopted, industrial by-product gypsum with the water content of 15% -20% and α -semi-hydrated gypsum reaction catalyst are added into the production equipment, moist α -semi-hydrated gypsum is generated under the conditions of heating and stirring, and steam is pumped until α -semi-hydrated gypsum is completely dried.
Preferably, the above method comprises:
step one, loading the industrial by-product gypsum and α -hemihydrate gypsum reaction catalyst which accounts for 1 percent of the weight of the industrial by-product gypsum into a reaction device from a feed inlet at the top of the reaction device, starting heating and starting a stirring device, and closing the feed inlet when the materials are loaded to 65 to 75 percent of the net volume of the device;
when the steam pressure reaches 0.35-0.45MPA, controlling the heating speed, and keeping the constant pressure of 0.35-0.45MPA in the equipment for 3.5-4.5 hours to generate wet α -hemihydrate gypsum;
step three, opening a steam exhaust pipe and a feed inlet of the reaction equipment, and exhausting steam until the steam pressure is zero; then closing the feed inlet, and starting a steam extraction system connected with a steam exhaust pipe to enable the interior of the equipment to form a 0.080-0.095 MPA vacuum state;
and step four, pumping steam until α -hemihydrate gypsum is completely dried, and stopping heating and stirring.
Further, after stopping the heating and stirring, the discharge of the reaction apparatus was opened and dried α -hemihydrate gypsum was extracted using a conventional pneumatic conveying system.
Further, after the dried α -hemihydrate gypsum was extracted, the discharge device was closed and the feed port was opened for the next production.
Further, in the second step, the equipment is kept at a constant pressure of 0.4MPA for 3.5-4.5 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layer is attached to the surface of the inner wall of the shell and the surface of the stirring blade so as to reduce the sticking of the gypsum cementing material.
Hyperbolic grooves are arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the shell and the surface of the stirring blade at intervals, and hyperbolic convex bodies are correspondingly arranged on the surface of the anti-sticking layer; the two side edges of the longitudinal section of the hyperbolic convex body and the hyperbolic groove both accord with a hyperbolic formula. When the hyperbolic shape is adopted for inlaying, firstly, the polytetrafluoroethylene inlaying bulge body can be smoothly inlaid, and the tight combination after inlaying is not influenced because the polytetrafluoroethylene inlaying bulge body is extruded and deformed; and secondly, when the embedding intervals are equal, the polytetrafluoroethylene thin layer material is firmly attached to the steel inner wall and the stirring blades of the reaction equipment.
After the reaction equipment is modified, the cementing material characteristic of the high-strength gypsum is not adhered, stacked and solidified on the inner wall of the shell 1 and the stirring blades any more in the production of the high-strength gypsum, so that the industrial by-product gypsum with low water content can be used as a raw material in the production of the α type semi-hydrated gypsum by using the industrial by-product gypsum.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a production facility for producing α type hemihydrate gypsum from industrial byproduct gypsum according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the matching connection of the hyperbolic grooves and the hyperbolic convex bodies.
In the figure, 1-shell, 2-stirring shaft, 3-stirring blade, 4-anti-sticking layer, 5-hyperbolic groove, 6-hyperbolic convex body, 7-feeding hole, 8-steam exhaust pipe, 9-discharging device and 10-transmission device.
Detailed Description
Production equipment
The embodiment provides a production facility for α type semi-hydrated gypsum produced by industrial by-product gypsum, which is a horizontal reaction facility with stirring function, and referring to fig. 1, the production facility comprises a shell 1 and a stirring device, wherein the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft 2 arranged along the axial direction of the shell and a stirring blade 3 which is vertically fixed on the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft 2 and is used for stirring materials in the shell 1, the shell 1 is a steam heating double-layer shell, a feed inlet 7 is arranged at the top of the shell 1, a steam exhaust pipe 8 is arranged on the side wall of the feed inlet 7, a discharging device 9 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the stirring shaft 2 is connected with a transmission device 10 which drives the shell to rotate.
In order to prevent the dihydrate gypsum from sticking to the inner wall of the casing 1 and the stirring vanes 3, an anti-sticking layer 4 is attached to the inner wall surface of the casing 1 and the surfaces of the stirring vanes 3. The anti-sticking layer 4 is not only attached to the inner wall surface of the shell 1, but also attached to the surface of the stirring blade 3; the inventor firstly finds that the gypsum cementing material has no bonding property only on the polytetrafluoroethylene material through a comparative test of different materials; meanwhile, the material can resist high temperature (250 ℃) and high humidity, and meets the material requirement of high-strength gypsum production equipment. Therefore, polytetrafluoroethylene was chosen as the release layer material. However, the polytetrafluoroethylene material has low surface energy, very small friction force, self-lubricity, large contact angle of the surface to liquid, poor wettability and very small adhesion capability, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene material has poor adhesion with other substances; especially, when the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene material is acted by the movement of the material, the polytetrafluoroethylene material cannot be adhered to the inner wall surface of the shell 1 and the surface of the stirring blade 3 for a long time.
In order to solve the problem of adhesion of the polytetrafluoroethylene material to the steel inner wall of the reaction equipment and the steel stirring blades, the idea of the invention is to adopt an inlaying method to adhere the polytetrafluoroethylene material to the steel inner wall of the reaction equipment and the steel stirring blades together and ensure that an attached layer of the polytetrafluoroethylene can be kept intact for a long time when the materials are stirred by the stirring blades 3 in the reaction equipment for heat exchange. However, because the elasticity of the polytetrafluoroethylene material is very small, if the commonly used dovetail-shaped embedding groove is adopted, the problems exist that the polytetrafluoroethylene material is difficult to embed, and the polytetrafluoroethylene material is deformed and cannot be tightly embedded with the groove.
Aiming at the technical problem, through deduction of different mathematical models (or formulas) and different parameters of the same mathematical model (or formula), and verification, the inventor finds that when the hyperbolic curve type embedding is adopted, firstly, the polytetrafluoroethylene embedding bulge body can be smoothly embedded, the polytetrafluoroethylene embedding bulge body cannot be extruded to deform, and the tight combination after embedding is influenced; and secondly, when the embedding intervals are equal, the polytetrafluoroethylene thin layer material is firmly attached to the steel inner wall and the stirring blades of the reaction equipment. The technical means of the present embodiment is thus confirmed, the hyperbolic grooves 5 are provided at intervals on the inner wall surface of the casing 1 and the surface of the stirring blade 3, the hyperbolic protrusions 6 fitted into the hyperbolic grooves 5 are provided on the surface of the anti-sticking layer 4, the structure of the hyperbolic grooves provided on the inner wall of the casing 1 is as shown in fig. 2, and the arrangement structure of the hyperbolic grooves on the stirring blade 3 is the same as that of the casing 1. The two side edges of the longitudinal section of the hyperbolic convex body 6 and the hyperbolic concave groove 5 accord with the following hyperbolic formula: x is the number of2/a2-y2/b2In the range of b =2a to 3a, the release layer 4 can be smoothly inserted and the amount of deformation is significantly reduced, particularly when b =1
and a, the effect is optimal. The real axis of the hyperbola is parallel to the rotation axis, and the imaginary axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis.
In a preferred embodiment, the direction of extension of the hyperbolic convex body 6 and the end of the hyperbolic concave groove 5 embedded in the steel inner wall is perpendicular to the direction of the stirring shaft 2, and the distance is 15cm to 20cm, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene release layer can be further firmly adhered to the inner wall of the steel shell 1 and the stirring blade 3, and the effect is best when the distance is equal.
The hyperbolic convex body 6 and the inner wall of the hyperbolic groove 5 are bonded through glue, so that the space between the hyperbolic convex body 6 and the hyperbolic groove 5 is sealed, and the two materials are further attached and sucked tightly.
After the reaction equipment is modified, the cementing material characteristic in the high-strength gypsum production is not adhered, stacked and solidified on the inner wall of the shell 1 and the stirring blades 3 any more, so that the low-water content industrial by-product gypsum can be used as a raw material in the production of α type semi-hydrated gypsum by using the industrial by-product gypsum.
Production method of α type hemihydrate gypsum
The embodiment provides a method for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum from industrial by-product gypsum, which adopts the production equipment, adds the industrial by-product gypsum with the water content of 15-20% and α -semi-hydrated gypsum reaction catalyst into the production equipment, wherein the α -semi-hydrated gypsum reaction catalyst is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium hexametaphosphate, generates wet α -semi-hydrated gypsum under the conditions of heating and stirring, and pumps steam until α -semi-hydrated gypsum is completely dried.
As a relatively specific embodiment, the method for producing α type hemihydrate gypsum from industrial byproduct gypsum comprises the following steps:
step one, loading the industrial by-product gypsum and α -hemihydrate gypsum reaction catalyst which accounts for 1 percent of the weight of the industrial by-product gypsum into a reaction device from a feed inlet 7 at the top of the reaction device, starting heating and starting a stirring device, and closing the feed inlet when the materials are loaded to 65 to 75 percent of the net volume of the device;
and step two, continuing heating and stirring the raw materials, controlling the heating speed when the steam pressure reaches 0.35-0.45MPA, keeping the constant pressure of 0.35-0.45MPA in the equipment for 3.5-4.5 hours, and generating wet α -hemihydrate gypsum with better effect in the pressure range under the condition of highest quality-cost performance ratio, preferably keeping the constant pressure of 0.4MPA in the equipment for 3.5-4.5 hours.
Step three, opening a steam exhaust pipe 8 and a feed inlet 7 of the reaction equipment, and exhausting steam until the steam pressure is zero; then closing the feed inlet, and starting a steam extraction system connected with the steam exhaust pipe 8 to enable the interior of the equipment to form a 0.080-0.095 MPA vacuum state;
and step four, pumping steam until α -hemihydrate gypsum is completely dried, and stopping heating and stirring.
Preferably, after the heating and stirring are stopped, the discharge of the reaction apparatus is opened and the dried α -hemihydrate gypsum is withdrawn using a conventional pneumatic conveying system.
Preferably, after the dried α -hemihydrate gypsum is extracted, the discharge device 9 is closed and the feed opening 7 is opened, ready for the next production.
The claimed solution is further illustrated by the following examples. However, the examples are intended to illustrate embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the subject matter of the invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited by the examples. Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the materials and reagents used in the present invention are available from commercial products in the art.
Example 1
The production equipment that this embodiment provided, casing 1 is the double-deck casing of steam heating, and 1 top of casing sets up feed inlet 7, and feed inlet 7 side sets up exhaust pipe 8, and 1 bottom of casing sets up discharging device 9, and (mixing) shaft 2 links to each other with driving its pivoted transmission 10. A stirring shaft 2 is axially arranged along the shell 1, stirring blades 3 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft 2, and polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layers 4 are attached to the surface of the inner wall of the shell 1 and the surface of the stirring blades 3.
Example 2
The only difference from the comparative document 1 is that the pitch between the hyperbolic convex bodies and between the hyperbolic concave grooves is 20 cm.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for producing α type hemihydrate gypsum from industrial byproduct gypsum.
Firstly, loading industrial by-product gypsum with the water content of 15 percent and α -hemihydrate gypsum reaction catalyst sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate accounting for 1 percent of the weight of the industrial by-product gypsum into a reaction equipment from a feed inlet 7 at the top of the reaction equipment, starting heating and starting a stirring device, and closing the feed inlet when the materials are loaded to 70 percent of the net volume of the equipment;
when the steam pressure reaches 0.35MPA, controlling the heating speed, and keeping the constant pressure of 0.35MPA in the equipment for 3.5 hours to generate wet α -hemihydrate gypsum;
step three, opening a steam exhaust pipe 8 and a feed inlet 7 of the reaction equipment, and exhausting steam until the steam pressure is zero; then closing the feed inlet, and starting a steam extraction system connected with the steam exhaust pipe 8 to enable the interior of the equipment to form a 0.080MPA vacuum state;
and fourthly, pumping steam until α -hemihydrate gypsum is completely dried, stopping heating and stirring, opening a discharging device of the reaction equipment, pumping dried α -hemihydrate gypsum by using a conventional pneumatic conveying system, closing a discharging device 9, opening a feeding hole 7, and preparing for next production.
Example 4
The difference from the embodiment 3 is that in the first step, the industrial by-product gypsum with the water content of 20 percent and the α -hemihydrate gypsum reaction catalyst sodium hexametaphosphate accounting for 1 percent of the weight of the industrial by-product gypsum are taken as raw materials, in the second step, when the steam pressure reaches 0.4MPA, the heating speed is controlled, the constant pressure of 0.4MPA in the equipment is kept for 4 hours, and the wet α -hemihydrate gypsum is generated, and in the third step, the steam extraction system connected with the steam exhaust pipe 8 is started, so that the vacuum state of 0.095MPA is formed in the equipment.
Example 5
The difference from the example 3 is that in the first step, the industrial by-product gypsum with the water content of 18 percent is used as a raw material, in the second step, when the steam pressure reaches 0.45MPA, the heating speed is controlled, the constant pressure of 0.45MPA in the equipment is kept for 4.5 hours, and the wet α -hemihydrate gypsum is generated, in the third step, a steam extraction system connected with a steam exhaust pipe 8 is started, so that the vacuum state of 0.090MPA is formed in the equipment.
Claims (10)
1. A production device for producing α type semi-hydrated gypsum from industrial by-product gypsum comprises a shell and a stirring device, wherein the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft arranged along the axial direction of the shell and stirring blades which are vertically fixed on the circumferential surface of the stirring shaft and used for stirring materials in the shell, and is characterized in that polytetrafluoroethylene anti-sticking layers are attached to the surfaces of the inner wall of the shell and the surfaces of the stirring blades.
2. The production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: hyperbolic grooves are arranged on the surface of the inner wall of the shell and the surface of the stirring blade at intervals, and hyperbolic convex bodies which are embedded into the hyperbolic grooves at intervals are arranged on the surface of the anti-sticking layer at intervals; two sides of the longitudinal section of the hyperbolic convex body and the hyperbolic groove accord with the following hyperbolic formula: x is the number of2/a2-y2/b2=1，b=
and a, the real axis is parallel to the rotating shaft, and the virtual axis is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
3. The production equipment according to claim 2, wherein the direction of the extension line of the end parts of the hyperbolic convex body and the hyperbolic concave groove is perpendicular to the direction of the stirring shaft, and the distance is 15 cm-20 cm.
4. The production equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hyperbolic convex body and the hyperbolic concave groove inner wall are bonded by glue.
5. The production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the shell is a steam heating double-layer shell, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the shell, a steam exhaust pipe is arranged on the side face of the feed inlet, a discharging device is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and a stirring shaft is connected with a transmission device which drives the stirring shaft to rotate.
6. A production method for producing α type hemihydrate gypsum from industrial byproduct gypsum is characterized in that the production equipment of any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, industrial byproduct gypsum with a water content of 15-20% and α -hemihydrate gypsum reaction catalyst are added into the production equipment, moist α -hemihydrate gypsum is generated under the conditions of heating and stirring, and steam is pumped until α -hemihydrate gypsum is completely dried.
7. The method of claim 6, comprising:
step one, loading the industrial by-product gypsum and α -hemihydrate gypsum reaction catalyst which accounts for 1 percent of the weight of the industrial by-product gypsum into a reaction device from a feed inlet at the top of the reaction device, starting heating and starting a stirring device, and closing the feed inlet when the materials are loaded to 65 to 75 percent of the net volume of the device;
when the steam pressure reaches 0.35-0.45MPA, controlling the heating speed, and keeping the constant pressure of 0.35-0.45MPA in the equipment for 3.5-4.5 hours to generate wet α -hemihydrate gypsum;
step three, opening a steam exhaust pipe and a feed inlet of the reaction equipment, and exhausting steam until the steam pressure is zero; then closing the feed inlet, and starting a steam extraction system connected with a steam exhaust pipe to enable the interior of the equipment to form a 0.080-0.095 MPA vacuum state;
and step four, pumping steam until α -hemihydrate gypsum is completely dried, and stopping heating and stirring.
8. The process of claim 7 wherein after the heating and stirring are stopped, the discharge means of the reaction apparatus is opened and the dried α -hemihydrate gypsum is withdrawn using a conventional pneumatic conveying system.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein after the dried α -hemihydrate gypsum is extracted, the discharge device is closed and the feed port is opened for the next production.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: in the second step, the equipment is kept at a constant pressure of 0.4MPA for 3.5-4.5 hours.
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