CN111357163A - 模块化电源系统 - Google Patents

模块化电源系统 Download PDF

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CN111357163A
CN111357163A CN201880074336.9A CN201880074336A CN111357163A CN 111357163 A CN111357163 A CN 111357163A CN 201880074336 A CN201880074336 A CN 201880074336A CN 111357163 A CN111357163 A CN 111357163A
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power
unit
connector
converter
module
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I·V·弗拉索夫
M·D·多库恰夫
V·I·文诺格拉多夫
A·I·瓦仁尼克
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Watt Cell Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/40—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
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    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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Abstract

本发明涉及电气设备。本系统包括模块，其包括：模块对接单元(16)；远程控制设备(1)；连接到交流电源和直流电源的电连接器(2、3)；和连接到交流负载和直流负载的电连接器(4、5)。连接到交流电源的电连接器(2)经由切换来自交流电源的电能供应的单元(6)连接到用于连接到交流负载的电连接器(4)和交流/直流转换器(7)，连接至直流电源的电连接器(3)经由串联的选择太阳能电池板的最大输出的单元(8)和确定来自直流电源的压降的单元(9)，并通过电池充电单元(10)连接到升压并稳压的第一直流转换器(11)。电池充电单元(10)经由电池管理系统单元(12)连接至与第一直流转换器(11)连接的电池单元(13)，第一直流转换器(11)经由逆变器(14)与连接至交流负载的电连接器(4)连接并且经由降低电压的第二直流转换器(15)与连接至直流负载的电连接器(5)连接，所述第一直流转换器(11)具有切断向其供给的直流电能的功能。本发明使得电源系统更稳定和可靠地运行。

Description

模块化电源系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电气设备，特别是涉及一种模块化电源系统，其设计成使用诸如光伏板和元件、风力发电机、燃料发电机以及交流电网的直流电源和交流电源的内置电力转换和储存系统而向对象供电。该系统具有提供远程控制和监控的集成电信模块。另外，任何一个系统模块都可以用作便携式交流电源。
背景技术
在专利授予日为2013年11月5日的US 8575780B2中公开了现有技术的蓄电装置。现有技术的蓄电装置包括连接在第一节点和发电系统之间的电力转换单元、电池管理系统(BMS)、连接在BMS和第一节点之间的双向转换器、连接在第一节点和第二节点之间的双向逆变器、用于将电网连接到第二节点的电网连接器、电池和集成控制器。
现有技术的蓄电装置存在操作可靠性低的缺点。
此外，现有技术的不间断电源系统在公开日为2014年7月27日的RU2524355C1中公开了原型。不间断电源系统包括至少一个可充电电池、消费者电源系统、控制单元、包括充电单元的电池充电系统。其中，电池充电系统还包括直流开关单元，该直流开关单元通过转换器单元和充电器与电池连接。除此之外，该电池充电系统还包括交流开关单元，该交流电开关单元通过充电单元与电池连接；消费者供电系统由直流负载开关单元构成，该直流负载开关单元通过转换器单元与电池连接；消费者供电系统还包括通过逆变器单元与电池连接的交流负载开关单元。此外，交流电将表示为AC，直流电将表示为DC。
不间断电源系统的缺点是操作可靠性低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是开发一种模块化电源系统，以确保具有系统远程控制和监控的稳定电源。
本发明的技术结果是提高模块化电源系统的操作稳定性和可靠性，包括通过统一的技术上执行的建设性解决方案。
所述技术结果由于以下事实而实现：模块化电源系统包括至少一个模块，该模块包括：模块对接单元；远程控制设备；用于插入以电网或发电机形式制成的交流电源的连接器；用于插入以太阳能电池板形式制成的直流电源的连接器；用于插入至以电源连接器和两个插座的形式制成的交流负载的连接器；以及用于插入至以四个USB或类似输出的形式制成的直流负载的连接器。其中，用于插入交流电源的连接器通过交流电源开关单元连接至交流负载连接器和交流/直流转换器，该交流/直流转换器具有切断施加于其上的交流电源的功能，并且用于插入直流电源的连接器通过串联连接的太阳能电池最大功率选择单元和直流电源压降检测单元连接至电池充电单元和第一直流转换器，该第一直流转换器升高和稳定电压并具有切断施加于其上的直流电源的功能。其中，电池充电单元通过BMS单元连接至电池单元，该电池单元与第一直流转换器连接，第一直流转换器通过逆变器连接到交流负载连接器并且通过降压的第二直流转换器连接到直流负载连接器。
该模块配备有WI-Fi模块、蓝牙模块和GSM模块。
远程控制设备包括激活按钮和模块主体上的指示面板，该激活按钮具有指示电池单元的容量的刻度。
附图说明
通过参照附图的非限制性描述将更容易地理解本发明的本质，其中，示出了以下附图：
图1为模块结构图。
1-远程控制设备；2–交流电源连接器；3–直流电源连接器；4–交流负载连接器；5–直流负载连接器；6–交流电源开关单元；7–交流/直流转换器；8–太阳能电池最大功率选择单元；9–直流电源压降检测单元；10–电池充电单元；11–第一直流转换器；12–BMS(BatteryManagement System，电池管理系统)单元；13–电池单元；14–逆变器；15–第二直流转换器；16–模块对接单元；17–交流电总线；18–直流电总线。
具体实施方式
模块化电源系统包括至少一个模块，该模块包括：模块对接单元16；远程控制设备1；用于插入以电网或发电机形式制成的交流电源的连接器2；以及用于插入以太阳能电池板形式制成的直流电源的连接器3；三个用于插入到交流负载(即一个电源连接器和两个插座)的连接器4；以及四个用于插入到以四个USB或类似输出形式制成的直流负载的连接器5。其中，用于插入交流电源的连接器2通过交流电源开关单元6连接至交流负载连接器4和交流/直流转换器7，该交流/直流转换器7具有切断施加于其上的交流电源的功能，并且用于插入直流电源的连接器3通过串联连接的太阳能电池最大功率选择单元8和直流电源压降检测单元9连接至电池充电单元10和第一直流转换器11，该第一直流转换器11升高并稳定电压并具有切断施加于其上的直流电源的功能。其中，电池充电单元10通过BMS单元12连接至电池单元13，该电池单元13与第一直流转换器11连接，第一直流转换器11通过逆变器14接合到交流负载连接器4并且通过降压的第二直流转换器15连接到直流负载连接器5。
该模块配置有WI-Fi模块、蓝牙模块和GSM模块。
远程控制设备1包括带有指示电池单元13的容量的刻度的激活按钮和模块主体上的指示面板。
使用激活按钮或使用利用移动设备或计算机经由Wi-Fi模块、蓝牙模块或GSM模块发送到远程控制设备1的命令来打开/关闭模块化电源系统。
所要求保护的模块化电源系统如下运行：
模块化电源系统(包含一个模块)通过连接器3与用于连接太阳能电池板的电线连接，连接器3类型是用于连接直流电源的两极端子连接器。此外，模块还通过连接器2(当连接到家庭网络时，连接器的类型是用于连接到插座的标准电缆；当连接到电气柜时，连接器类型为三极端子连接器)用电线(当连接到家庭网络时，电线类型是用于与插座连接的标准电缆类型；当连接到电气柜时，电线类型是具有铜导体的电力电缆)连接到电网或连接到产生电力的发电机(例如，风力发电机，柴油发电机等)。如果需要通过模块化电源系统产生高功率，则在模块顶部安装附加模块，其中这些模块使用位于每个模块中的模块对接单元16连接，并且模块对接单元16与交流电总线17和直流电总线18电连接，该交流电总线17和直流电总线18电连接每个模块中的所有单元。其中，模块对接单元16由位于每个模块的顶部和底部的连接器组成，从而允许连接位于彼此上方的模块。对于模块的连接，使用高压开关连接器，以及基于弹簧连接器的低压通信触点。模块化系统可以包括彼此叠置设置的多个模块，每个模块具有给定的输出功率，其中，模块化系统将输出功率与模块的数量成比例地相乘。模块化系统的单元13可以具有以下尺寸：长×高×宽＝460×110×360mm，其包括锂离子电池。
所述模块化系统具有多种操作模式。
太阳能电池板的交流发电的模式。
太阳能从直流电源连接器3经由直流电总线18进入具有搜索太阳能电池板的最大功率点功能的太阳能电池最大功率选择单元8，其中太阳能转换成直流电力，之后转换后的电力经过直流电源压降检测单元9到达当前模块的第一直流转换器11。其中如果电池单元13未充满电，则还将直流电力提供给当前模块的电池充电单元10。而且，直流电力随直流电总线18通过模块对接单元16馈送到其它模块的第一直流转换器11和其它模块的电池充电单元10。从配备有电压切换板的电池充电单元10通过BMS单元向电池单元13提供直流电力以进行充电。在第一直流转换器11中发生直流电力电压的稳定和增加，此后直流电力进入逆变器14和第二直流转换器15。在逆变器14中，直流电力转换成交流电力，该交流电力经由交流电总线17被馈送到交流负载连接器4，该交流负载连接器4连接到交流电力用户。在第二直流转换器15中，直流电力减少然后经由直流电总线18到达直流负载连接器5，该直流负载连接器5连接到直流电力用户。在这种模式下，交流电源开关单元6断开，因此可以不从交流电源向模块化系统供电。交流电源开关单元6由远程控制设备1控制，远程控制设备1由移动设备或计算机通过Wi-Fi模块、蓝牙模块或GSM模块控制。由于远程控制设备1向交流电源开关单元6发送命令以断开对模块化系统的交流电源供应，因此激活了该模式。
从太阳能电池板向电池充电而不产生交流电的模式。
该模式与前一模式类似，除了转换的电力通过直流电源压降检测单元9仅进入当前模块的电池充电单元10以便随后对电池充电，以及经由直流电总线18通过模块对接单元16进入另一模块的电池充电单元10。由于远程控制设备1向单元9发送命令以断开向第一直流转换器11的直流电力的供应，因此激活了该模式。
从太阳能电池板和从电网同时产生交流电的模式。
该模式类似于从太阳能电池板产生交流电的模式，除了通过交流电源连接器2额外地提供交流电力。这种操作模式在缺少太阳能电池板供电的情况下执行。所需电力水平由直流电源压降检测单元9确定。当通过直流电源压降检测单元9确定从直流电源提供的电压降低时，远程控制设备1向交流电源开关单元6发送命令来切换至交流/直流转换器7从而通过其接通交流电源，其中额外的交流电源(电网)从交流电源连接器2经由交流电总线17进入交流/直流转换器7，然后转换后的电力通过直流电源压降检测单元9进入电池充电单元10。此外，根据如上公开的从太阳能电池产生交流电的模式来进行设备的操作。由于远程控制设备1向单元9发出命令以打开交流/直流转换器并向该交流/直流转换器提供交流电力，因此激活了该模式。
交流旁路的模式。
该模式在设备出现任何问题，或者电池单元13中的电池被放电，或者由单元能量管理系统手动/自动切换的情况下被激活。由于远程控制设备1向单元9发送命令以关闭转换器7和逆变器14，因此激活了该模式。在该模式下，来自交流电源连接器2的交流电力使用交流电总线17通过交流电源开关单元6进入模块中的交流负载连接器4，并且还经由交流电总线17通过模块对接单元16进入上述定位的模块的交流负载连接器4。
网络逆变器模式。
该模式通过将来自/朝向交流电源的交流电力的供应连接至交流负载连接器4来激活，该交流电力的供应由逆变器14生成并连接到交流电源开关单元6。在该模式下，来自直流电源连接器3的太阳能经由直流电总线18进入具有搜索太阳能电池板的最大功率点功能的太阳能电池最大功率选择单元8，之后转换的电力通过直流电源压降检测单元9到达第一直流转换器11，或来自电池单元13的直流电力到达第一直流转换器11，在第一直流转换器11中发生直流电压的稳定和升高，之后直流电力进入逆变器14。在逆变器14中，直流电力转换成交流电力，然后交流电力经由交流电总线17被提供给交流电源开关单元6。
因此，本发明由于模块化系统的上述设计而允许提高模块化供能系统操作的稳定性和可靠性，这确保了设备在各种模式下的操作，以及旁路系统的可用性，这允许在紧急情况下以及不需要从电池产生交流电的情况下能够提高设备操作的可靠性和稳定性。
以上参考特定实施例公开了本发明。本发明的其它实施例对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的，如本说明书中所公开的，这些实施例并不改变本发明的实质。因此，本发明的范围应当被认为仅由所附权利要求限定。

Claims (3)

1.一种模块化电源系统，包括至少一个模块，所述至少一个模块包括：模块对接单元；远程控制设备；用于插入以电网或发电机的形式形成的交流电源的连接器；用于插入制成为太阳能电池板的直流电源的连接器；用于插入至制成为一个电源连接器和两个插座的交流负载的连接器；以及用于插入至制成为四个USB或类似输出的直流负载的连接器，其中用于插入交流电源的连接器通过交流电源开关单元连接至交流负载连接器以及将交流电转换成直流电的转换器，并且其中用于插入直流电源的连接器通过串联连接的太阳能电池最大功率选择单元和直流电源压降检测单元连接至电池充电单元以及升高并稳定电压的第一直流转换器，其中，所述电池充电单元通过电池管理系统BMS单元连接至电池单元，所述电池单元连接至所述第一直流转换器，并且所述第一直流转换器通过逆变器连接至所述交流负载连接器并且通过降低电压的第二直流转换器连接到直流负载连接器，所述第一直流转换器具有切断向其自身供应的直流电源的功能，其中，上述连接器和单元使用适当的交流电总线和直流电总线相互连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的模块化电源系统，其中，所述模块配备有Wi-Fi模块、蓝牙模块和GSM模块。
3.根据权利要求1所述的模块化电源系统，其中，所述远程控制设备包括激活按钮以及模块主体上的指示面板，所述激活按钮具有指示所述电池单元的容量的刻度。
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