CN111350307A - Self-locking steel-wood combined component - Google Patents

Self-locking steel-wood combined component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111350307A
CN111350307A CN202010161207.2A CN202010161207A CN111350307A CN 111350307 A CN111350307 A CN 111350307A CN 202010161207 A CN202010161207 A CN 202010161207A CN 111350307 A CN111350307 A CN 111350307A
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China
Prior art keywords
wood
steel
shaped steel
component
locking
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Pending
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CN202010161207.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘佳迪
陈天舒
陈志华
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Priority to CN202010161207.2A priority Critical patent/CN111350307A/en
Publication of CN111350307A publication Critical patent/CN111350307A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E04C3/292Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being wood and metal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-locking type steel-wood combined component which comprises H-shaped steel, a wood component with a trapezoidal section, a self-locking piece and a bolt, and is characterized in that the wood component with the trapezoidal section is positioned on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel and is placed side by side, a gap is formed between the wood component and a flange of the H-shaped steel, the self-locking piece is placed in the gap and is fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel through the bolt, and the wood component is clamped in an H-shaped steel groove; the H-shaped steel is provided with folded plates at two ends of the flange at one end of the locking part, and threaded holes for penetrating the bolts are formed in the folded plates. The locking piece is a steel component, the locking piece is of a combined section, the lower part of the locking piece is of a right-angled trapezoidal section, the upper part of the locking piece is of a rectangular section, and a threaded through hole is formed in the rectangular part; the angle of the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is consistent with that of the inclined plane of the wood component with the contacted trapezoidal section, the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is attached to the inclined plane of the wood component, and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is attached to the inner side surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel. The invention improves the stability of the combined structure and reduces the consumption of building steel.

Description

Self-locking steel-wood combined component
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a structural member for buildings.
Background
Under the key field and the priority theme of green building and energy consumption reduction, the energy consumption and the pollution emission of traditional building materials such as steel, cement and the like are reduced, and the harmonious development of the building and the natural environment is an important difficult problem in the building industry. The wood as a pure natural material has the characteristics of low production cost, low energy consumption, no toxicity, no pollution and the like, and compared with carbon dioxide and energy consumption generated in the production process of materials such as concrete, cement and the like, the wood can be regenerated after cutting, has low processing energy consumption, can be naturally degraded after being discarded, does not pollute the environment, and accords with the national sustainable development strategy of building energy conservation and environmental protection. Meanwhile, the wood is an anisotropic material, has higher compressive strength and tensile strength along the grain direction, and can be regarded as a light high-strength material. The glued wood obtained by processing the primary wood through industrial treatment has the advantages of unlimited section size, dispersed defects, high available strength, free section and member shapes, availability of small-diameter wood and inferior wood, and the like. However, when a common laminated wood beam is bent, the compressive strength of the wood is not fully utilized due to the brittle failure caused by the fact that the wood at the bottom of the beam is firstly pulled apart. In addition, steel is an isotropic material having high strength and the highest ductility among all building materials, but also has some disadvantages such as easy rusting and easy buckling.
The steel-wood combined member is used for making up the respective defects of wood and steel and exerting the advantages of the wood-wood combined member to the maximum extent. From the perspective of mechanical properties, the wood member with the trapezoidal section can be used as a lateral support of steel, so that the buckling of the steel is inhibited, the structural instability is prevented, the steel member can make up the defects of bending resistance and strength of the wood member with the trapezoidal section, and the overall rigidity of the structure is improved; from the perspective of architecture, the wood has a more natural appearance, so that the wood gives more visual and comfortable experience to residents, and improves the habitability of houses; in other properties, wood is used as an excellent thermal insulation material, so that the thermal insulation performance of the building house can be greatly improved, meanwhile, the fire resistance of the wood is stronger than that of steel, and the integral supporting time of the steel-wood combined structure is longer than that of a steel structure house in the same fire environment. In conclusion, the research and development of the novel steel-wood combined component furthest exert the respective advantages of steel and wood, so that the steel-wood materials are well coordinated and matched, the novel steel-wood combination is green, and the building system has important economic value, ecological value and social significance.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a steel-wood combined member which has the advantages of simple structure, low price, convenient construction, good bearing capacity and the like. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a self-locking type steel-wood combined member comprises H-shaped steel, a trapezoidal section wood member, a locking member and a bolt, and is characterized in that the trapezoidal section wood member is positioned on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel and placed side by side, a gap is formed between the trapezoidal section wood member and a flange of the H-shaped steel, the locking member is placed in the gap and connected and fixed with the H-shaped steel through the bolt, and the trapezoidal section wood member is clamped and fixed in left and right grooves of the H-shaped steel through the trapezoidal section; folding plates are arranged at two ends of the flange of one end of the H-shaped steel with a locking part, and threaded holes for penetrating through the bolts are formed in the folding plates; the locking piece is a steel component, the locking piece is of a combined section, the lower part of the locking piece is of a right-angled trapezoidal section, the upper part of the locking piece is of a rectangular section, and a threaded through hole is formed in the rectangular part; the self-locking steel-wood composite member according to claim 4, wherein: the angle of the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is consistent with that of the inclined plane of the wood component with the trapezoidal section, the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is attached to the inclined plane of the wood component with the trapezoidal section, and the upper bottom surface of the locking piece is attached to the inner side surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel.
Further, the locking member is of a long strip structure or a plurality of short strip structures which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the component.
The trapezoidal section wood component is a non-right-angle trapezoidal section wood component, and locking parts are arranged at two wing edges of the H-shaped steel to form a double-self-locking steel-wood combined component. As a double self-locking steel-wood combined component, 2 trapezoid-section wood components are respectively arranged on the left and right of an H-shaped steel web, the section of each trapezoid-section wood component is a right trapezoid, and an embedded steel plate fixedly connected with the trapezoid-section wood components is arranged in each trapezoid-section wood component.
The trapezoidal section wood component can also be a right-angle trapezoidal section wood component, one flange of the H-shaped steel is attached to the right-angle side face of the trapezoidal section wood component, and the locking piece is arranged at the other flange of the H-shaped steel.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the bolt is even into the screw of H shaped steel through the screw of retaining member, screw the in-process at the bolt, promote the retaining member and hug closely H shaped steel edge of a wing inboard forward until the retaining member inclined plane pastes trapezoidal section timber component inclined plane, continue to forward propulsion and make H shaped steel, the retaining member, produce the prestressing force between the trapezoidal section timber component, form an holistic combined member, the whole prestressing force size of screw-in degree adjustment structure that can pass through the bolt simultaneously, make trapezoidal section timber component can not break away from the H shaped steel groove because the inclined plane structure makes in the component bears. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the H-shaped steel member is used as a core, the wood members with the trapezoidal sections are tightly fixed on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel member through the locking of bolts of the locking member, so that the internal stress exists in the sections of the wood members and the steel member, the wood members with the trapezoidal sections are completely attached to the web plate of the H-shaped steel member, meanwhile, the locking member is completely attached to the web plate of the H-shaped steel member and the wood members with the trapezoidal sections, and all parts of the whole member form tight combination under pre-pressure to form an integrated member;
2. compared with the existing steel-wood combined member combined by bolts or gluing, the member is connected by adopting the locking piece, so that the using amount of the bolts is greatly reduced, the trapezoidal section wood member can be fixed by only needing fewer bolts, and meanwhile, the trapezoidal section wood member can be ensured to be tightly attached to an H-shaped steel web plate and a flange at the same time, so that the combined section is tightly matched in all directions, the combining efficiency of the trapezoidal section wood member at the web plate is improved, and the installation, the disassembly and the replacement are convenient;
3. internal prestress of the wood is lost due to creep deformation, the wood cannot slip due to the existence of the conical section, meanwhile, the locking piece still has certain redundancy, the lost internal stress can be supplemented by screwing the threads of the locking piece, the component does not need to be disassembled, and meanwhile, the trapezoidal section wood component also ensures that the strength cannot be reduced due to the absence of the bolt hole;
4. under the condition that the H-shaped steel is tightly attached to the trapezoidal section wood members at the web plate to fully exert the coordination effect, the overall strength of the structure is increased, the required sectional area is reduced, the externally attached wood plates attached to the outer sides of the upper flange and the lower flange can not be used as main bearing trapezoidal section wood members, more external attached wood plates can be used as the protection effects of appearance assistance, fire prevention and buckling prevention, and the externally attached wood plates and the trapezoidal section wood members at the web plate have the green and attractive effects.
5. The combined type of the components is various, specific construction details can be selected according to structural requirements, the wood components with the trapezoidal sections can be replaced by bamboo components, or H-shaped steel components can be replaced by H-shaped aluminum alloy components, and the number, the length and the positions of the locking components can be selected according to different strength requirements.
In a word, the H-shaped steel component and the trapezoidal section wood component are combined in a self-locking mode, the characteristics and the advantages and the disadvantages of wood and steel are fully considered, the defects of the existing steel-wood combined structure are analyzed, the advantages of the existing steel-wood combined structure are reasonably utilized, the novel steel-wood combined component is designed, the steel-wood combining efficiency is greatly increased, and various performances of the component are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the locking type steel-wood composite member strip locking member according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a self-locking steel-wood composite member in accordance with an embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is an oblique view of the embodiment 1 below the short locking member of the self-locking steel-wood composite member;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the locking type steel-wood composite member strip locking member according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is an oblique view of the embodiment 2 below the short locking member of the self-locking steel-wood composite member;
FIG. 6 is an oblique view of an embodiment 2 of an embedded steel plate of the self-locking steel-wood composite member;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the locking type steel-wood composite member strip locking member in accordance with embodiment 1;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the short locking member of the self-locking steel-wood composite member according to embodiment 2;
fig. 9 is an exploded view of the embodiment 2 with the steel plate embedded under the short locking piece of the self-locking steel-wood composite member.
In the figure: 1-a locking member; 2-a trapezoidal section wood member; 3-H section steel; 4, 5-pasting a wood plate outside; 6-bolt; 7-embedded steel plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The embodiment discloses a self-locking steel-wood combined component, and the specific embodiment 1 comprises H-shaped steel 3, a wood component 2 with a trapezoidal section, a locking piece 1, a bolt 6 and external wood plates 4 and 5. The trapezoidal section wood components 2 are positioned on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel 3 and are arranged side by side, a gap is formed between the trapezoidal section wood components 2 and a flange of the H-shaped steel 3, a locking part 1 is arranged in the gap and is fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel 3 through a bolt 6, the trapezoidal section wood components 2 are fixedly clamped in a groove of the H-shaped steel 3 through an inclined plane, the outer surfaces of the upper flange and the lower flange of the H-shaped steel 3 can be adhered with externally adhered wood plates 4 and 5, and the size form of the;
the H-shaped steel 3 is unequal-wing H-shaped steel, 90-degree folded plates are arranged at two ends of a flange at one end of the H-shaped steel 3, which is connected with the locking piece 1, and threaded holes are formed in the folded plates; the trapezoidal section wood member 2 is a right-angled trapezoidal section wood member. The trapezoidal section wood component 2 is processed and made of raw wood or glued wood, and the inner angle of the trapezoid is 3-15 degrees; the locking piece 1 is a steel component and has a combined section, the lower part of the locking piece is a right trapezoid section, the upper part of the locking piece is a rectangular section, and a threaded through hole is formed in the rectangular part and used for connecting the bolt 6;
the trapezoidal section wood components 2 are arranged on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel 3, the lower bottom surface of each trapezoidal section wood component 2 is attached to the web plate, the width of each trapezoidal section wood component is smaller than the height of the web plate, the right-angle side surface of each trapezoidal section wood component is attached to the inner side of the long flange, and the width of each trapezoidal section wood component is not larger than the vertical distance from the flange end of the unequal-wing H-shaped steel 3 to the web plate and; the angle of the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece 1 is consistent with that of the inclined plane of the contacted wood component 2 with the trapezoidal section, the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part is attached to the inclined plane of the wood component 2 with the trapezoidal section, and the upper bottom surface is attached to the inner side surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel 3. The height of the trapezoidal part is smaller than that of the trapezoidal section wood component 2, the width of the top surface is larger than the difference between the inner height of the web plate of the H-shaped steel 3 and the width of the bottom surface of the trapezoidal section wood component 2, and is smaller than the difference between the inner height of the web plate and the height of the top surface of the trapezoidal section wood component. The height of the rectangular part of the locking piece 1 is consistent with that of the flange end folded plate of the H-shaped steel 3, and the specification and the size of the internal screw hole are consistent with those of the screw hole of the flange end folded plate and are positioned at the same position;
the concrete embodiment 2 comprises H-shaped steel 3, a trapezoidal section wood member 2, a locking member 1, a bolt 6, external wood attaching plates 4 and 5 and an internal steel plate 7. The trapezoidal section wood components 2 are positioned on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel 3 and are arranged side by side, a gap is formed between the trapezoidal section wood components 2 and a flange of the H-shaped steel 3, a locking part 1 is arranged in the gap and is fixedly connected with the H-shaped steel 3 through a bolt 6, the trapezoidal section wood components 2 are fixedly clamped in a groove of the H-shaped steel 3 through an inclined plane, the outer surfaces of the upper flange and the lower flange of the H-shaped steel 3 can be pasted with externally pasted wood boards 4 and 5, and the size form of the;
the H-shaped steel 3 is equal-wing H-shaped steel, 90-degree folded plates are arranged at two ends of the upper flange and the lower flange of the H-shaped steel 3, and threaded holes are formed in the folded plates and used for connecting the locking piece 1; the trapezoidal section wood member 2 is a non-right-angled trapezoidal section wood member. The wood member with the trapezoidal section is made of raw wood or glued wood, and the inner angle of the trapezoid is 3-15 degrees; the locking piece 1 is a steel component and has a combined section, the lower part of the locking piece is a right trapezoid section, the upper part of the locking piece is a rectangular section, and a threaded through hole is formed in the rectangular part and used for connecting the bolt 6;
the trapezoidal section wood members 2 are arranged on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel 3, the lower bottom surface of each trapezoidal section wood member 2 is attached to the web plate, the width of each trapezoidal section wood member is smaller than the height of the web plate, the height of each trapezoidal section wood member is not larger than the vertical distance from a flange end of the unequal-wing H-shaped steel 3 to the web plate, and the vertical distance from a short flange end to the web plate is not; the angle of the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece 1 is consistent with that of the inclined plane of the contacted wood component 2 with the trapezoidal section, the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part is attached to the inclined plane of the wood component 2 with the trapezoidal section, and the upper bottom surface is attached to the inner side surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel 3. The height of the trapezoidal part is smaller than that of the trapezoidal section wood component 2, the width of the top surface is larger than the difference between the inner height of the web plate of the H-shaped steel 3 and the width of the bottom surface of the trapezoidal section wood component 2, and is smaller than the difference between the inner height of the web plate and the height of the top surface of the trapezoidal section wood component. The height of the rectangular part of the locking piece 1 is consistent with that of the flange end folded plate of the H-shaped steel 3, and the specification and the size of the internal screw hole are consistent with those of the screw hole of the flange end folded plate and are positioned at the same position;
the oblique angles of the two inclined surfaces of the wood component 2 with the non-right trapezoid cross section are not necessarily equal, namely the cross section is not necessarily isosceles trapezoid, and the oblique angles of the locking pieces 1 which are correspondingly contacted are kept consistent; the wood member 2 with the trapezoidal section can be split into two wood members 2 with right-angle trapezoidal sections at the moment, an embedded steel plate 7 is arranged in the wood members 2 for reinforcement, and the embedded steel plate can be glued;
for the specific embodiments 1 and 2, the steel-wood combined component can be bonded with the externally attached wood plates 5 for reinforcement, fire resistance and appearance beautification on the outer sides of the upper flange and the lower flange of the H-shaped steel, and the widths of the externally attached wood plates 4 and 5 are respectively equal to the distance between the folded plates at two ends of the H-shaped steel 3 flange without the folded plate and the width of the flange with the folded plate; the locking piece 1 can be a long strip-shaped structure along the axial direction of the component, and also can be a plurality of short strip-shaped structures which are arranged at certain intervals, and the number and the interval between the screw holes on the locking piece and the screw holes at the corresponding positions of the H-shaped steel 3 are determined according to the actual situation;
the principle of the invention is as follows: the bolt 6 is connected into a screw hole of the H-shaped steel 3 through the screw hole of the locking piece 1, in the screwing-in process of the bolt 6, the locking piece 1 is pushed to cling to the inner side of a flange of the H-shaped steel 3 and move forwards until the inclined surface of the locking piece clings to the inclined surface of the wood member 2 with the trapezoidal section, the forward propulsion is continued to enable prestress to be generated among the H-shaped steel 3, the locking piece 1 and the wood member 2 with the trapezoidal section, an integral combined member is formed, meanwhile, the size of the integral prestress of the structure can be adjusted through the screwing-in degree of the bolt 6, and the wood member 2 with the trapezoidal;
the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above preferred embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are only illustrative, not all embodiments. All other embodiments attainable by one versed in the art from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the appended claims are to be considered within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. A self-locking steel-wood combined component comprises H-shaped steel, a wood component with a trapezoidal section, a self-locking piece and a bolt, and is characterized in that the wood component with the trapezoidal section is positioned on the left side and the right side of a web plate of the H-shaped steel and placed side by side, a gap is formed between the wood component and a flange of the H-shaped steel, the self-locking piece is placed in the gap and connected and fixed with the H-shaped steel through the bolt, and the wood component is clamped and fixed in an H-shaped steel groove through the; the H-shaped steel is provided with folded plates at two ends of the flange at one end of the locking part, and threaded holes for penetrating the bolts are formed in the folded plates. The locking piece is a steel component, the locking piece is of a combined section, the lower part of the locking piece is of a right-angled trapezoidal section, the upper part of the locking piece is of a rectangular section, and a threaded through hole is formed in the rectangular part; the angle of the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is consistent with that of the inclined plane of the wood component with the contacted trapezoidal section, the inclined plane of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is attached to the inclined plane of the wood component, and the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal part of the locking piece is attached to the inner side surface of the flange of the H-shaped steel.
2. The self-locking steel-wood composite member according to claim 1, wherein: the inner angle of the trapezoid of the wood member with the trapezoid cross section is 3-15 degrees.
3. The self-locking steel-wood composite member according to claim 1, wherein: the retaining member is of a strip structure or a plurality of short strip structures which are arranged at certain intervals along the axial direction of the component.
4. The self-locking steel-wood composite member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the trapezoidal section wood component is a non-right-angle trapezoidal section wood component, and locking parts are arranged at two wing edges of the H-shaped steel to form a double-self-locking steel-wood combined component.
5. The self-locking steel-wood composite member according to claim 4, wherein: as a double self-locking steel-wood combined component, the trapezoidal section wood component is split into two right-angle trapezoidal section wood components, and a steel plate fixedly connected with the wood components is placed in the two right-angle trapezoidal section wood components.
6. The self-locking steel-wood composite member according to claim 1, wherein: the trapezoidal section wood member is a right-angle trapezoidal section wood member, one flange of the H-shaped steel is attached to the right-angle side face of the trapezoidal section wood member, and the locking piece is arranged at the other flange of the H-shaped steel.
7. The self-locking steel-wood composite member according to claim 1, wherein: the outer sides of two flanges of the H-shaped steel are fixed with long wood boards, and the width of each wood board is equal to the distance between the folded plates at two ends of the flange of the H-shaped steel with the folded plates or the width of the flange without the folded plates.
CN202010161207.2A 2020-03-10 2020-03-10 Self-locking steel-wood combined component Pending CN111350307A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113775113A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-12-10 天津大学 Novel aluminum-wood composite beam and assembling method
US20220145631A1 (en) * 2019-02-18 2022-05-12 Atricon Ab Building stud, wall structure comprising such a building stud and a method for forming a wall structure

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JP4648503B1 (en) * 2010-10-05 2011-03-09 幹夫 田代 Composite beam
CN201809966U (en) * 2010-10-16 2011-04-27 徐秀良 Hollow plastic steel filling building template and combined structure
CN108824698A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-11-16 西南科技大学 A kind of production method of built-in thin wall H shaped steel clark beam
CN109736509A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-05-10 江南大学 One kind " L " type partial precast combination beam and its construction method and application
CN212866608U (en) * 2020-03-10 2021-04-02 天津大学 Self-locking steel-wood combined component

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101851984A (en) * 2010-06-30 2010-10-06 哈尔滨工业大学 Prefabricated steel-concrete composite beam
JP4648503B1 (en) * 2010-10-05 2011-03-09 幹夫 田代 Composite beam
CN201809966U (en) * 2010-10-16 2011-04-27 徐秀良 Hollow plastic steel filling building template and combined structure
CN108824698A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-11-16 西南科技大学 A kind of production method of built-in thin wall H shaped steel clark beam
CN109736509A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-05-10 江南大学 One kind " L " type partial precast combination beam and its construction method and application
CN212866608U (en) * 2020-03-10 2021-04-02 天津大学 Self-locking steel-wood combined component

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220145631A1 (en) * 2019-02-18 2022-05-12 Atricon Ab Building stud, wall structure comprising such a building stud and a method for forming a wall structure
US11814844B2 (en) * 2019-02-18 2023-11-14 Atricon Ab Building stud, wall structure comprising such a building stud and a method for forming a wall structure
CN113775113A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-12-10 天津大学 Novel aluminum-wood composite beam and assembling method

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