CN111348214B - 一种无人机群rf无线充电系统及其充电方法 - Google Patents

一种无人机群rf无线充电系统及其充电方法 Download PDF

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CN111348214B
CN111348214B CN202010264625.4A CN202010264625A CN111348214B CN 111348214 B CN111348214 B CN 111348214B CN 202010264625 A CN202010264625 A CN 202010264625A CN 111348214 B CN111348214 B CN 111348214B
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李锐
丁玮
张颖超
余佳玲
雷雨
金丽萍
刘小丽
刘凡
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
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    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
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    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/10Air crafts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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Abstract

本发明公开的无人机群RF无线充电系统及其充电方法可以同时为多个无人机进行充电,实现了无人机群的集中充电管理,填补了集群式充电的空白,当无人机驶入充电场地区域中时可以自动规划出合适的充电停入路径,并驶入相应的充电位进行充电,相对于人工逐个对无人机进行充电相比提升了充电效率,节省了充电成本。

Description

一种无人机群RF无线充电系统及其充电方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无人机技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种无人机群RF无线充电系统及其充电方法。
背景技术
随着无人机技术的快速发展,无人机逐渐从军事领域中的侦查、监视等扩展至工业、日常生活场景中。近些年来,小型无人机在有效载荷小型化、超视距通信、低成本化等方面持续取得进展,集群式应用场景不断扩展,同时由于集群规模不断增大,人工逐个充电费时费力,智能充电需求迫切。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种无人机群RF无线充电系统及其充电方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的具体技术方案如下:
一种无人机群RF无线充电系统,包括无人机和集中充电管理平台,所述集中充电管理平台包括设置在充电场地区域中的多个充电位,所述充电场地区域的位置由多个标准定位站限定;
每一所述充电位上设置有向待充电的无人机发射能量的RF无线能量发射模块、为所述RF无线能量发射模块提供电能的电源模块以及第一定位模块,所述标准定位站点中设置有第二定位模块,每一所述第一定位模块用于与所述第二定位模块进行信息交互从而确定自身的位置;每一待充电的无人机上设置有用于接收能量的RF无线能量接收模块、电池充电管理模块、第三定位模块和路径规划模块,所述第三定位模块用于与所述第一定位模块进行信息交互从而确定所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离,所述路径规划模块用于根据所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离进行路线设计规划出所述无人机的充电停入路径,所述无人机根据所述充电停入路径驶入对应的充电位进行充电。
进一步地,所述第一定位模块、所述第二定位模块以及所述第三定位模块均为超宽带定位模块。
进一步地,所述充电场地区域的位置由4个标准定位站限定。
进一步地,所述4个标准定位站设置在平行于水平面的矩形空间的四个角上。
进一步地,每一所述充电位设置在所述矩形空间中。
进一步地,所述电池充电管理模块用于对所述RF无线能量接收模块输出的电能升压后给所述无人机的电池组充电。
进一步地,所述无人机还包括功率跟踪位置微调模块,用于在所述无人机驶入对应的充电位进行恒流充电,且最大充电功率与实际充电功率之差大于预设功率阈值时对所述无人机的位置进行微调。
进一步地,本发明还提供一种基于上述任意一种无人机群RF无线充电系统的充电方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:待充电的无人机向所述集中充电管理平台发送充电请求;
S2:各所述充电位的第一定位模块与所述无人机的第三定位模块进行信息交互;
S3:所述第三定位模块确定所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离;
S4:所述无人机的所述路径规划模块根据所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离进行路线设计规划出所述无人机的充电停入路径;
S5:所述无人机根据所述充电停入路径驶入对应的充电位进行充电。
进一步地,所述无人机还包括功率跟踪位置微调模块,在步骤S5之后,还包括如下步骤:
S6:在所述无人机开始充电时进行计时;
S7:所述功率跟踪位置微调模块判断所述无人机是否是恒压充电,如是,转至S12,否则,转至S8;
S8:所述功率跟踪位置微调模块判断所述无人机是否是恒流充电,如是,转至S9,否则,转至S12;
S9:判断所述无人机的最大充电功率与实际充电功率之差是否大于预设功率阈值,如是,转至S10,否则,转至S12;
S10:对所述无人机的位置进行微调以寻找最大充电功率点;
S11:判断计时时长是否达到预设时长阈值,如是,转至S12,否则,转至S10;
S12:结束位置微调过程。
本发明提供的无人机群RF无线充电系统及其充电方法可以同时为多个无人机进行充电,实现了无人机群的集中充电管理,当无人机驶入充电场地区域中时可以自动规划出合适的充电停入路径,并驶入相应的充电位进行充电,相对于人工逐个对无人机进行充电相比提升了充电效率,节省了充电成本。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明,附图中:
图1为本实施例提供的无人机群RF无线充电系统的系统组成示意图;
图2为本实施例提供的无人机群RF无线充电系统的结构示意图;
图3为一种充电示意图;
图4为一种由多个标准定位站限定充电场地区域的示意图;
图5为本实施例提供的无人机群RF无线充电系统的充电方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述,应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本实施例提供一种无人机群RF(Radio Frequency,射频)无线充电系统,请参见图1所示,包括无人机和集中充电管理平台,其中,集中充电管理平台包括设置在充电场地区域中的多个充电位,充电场地区域的位置由多个标准定位站限定。无人机群RF无线充电系统的具体结构请参见图2所示,每一充电位上设置有向待充电的无人机发射能量的RF无线能量发射模块、为RF无线能量发射模块提供电能的电源模块以及第一定位模块,标准定位站点中设置有第二定位模块,每一第一定位模块用于与第二定位模块进行信息交互从而确定自身的位置,也即在实际应用中可以先设置标准定位站点,然后可以根据标准定位站点的位置合理设置充电位的位置。每一待充电的无人机上设置有用于接收能量的RF无线能量接收模块、电池充电管理模块、第三定位模块和路径规划模块,其中,第三定位模块用于与第一定位模块进行信息交互从而确定无人机的位置和该无人机相对各充电位的距离,路径规划模块用于根据无人机的位置和无人机相对各充电位的距离进行路线设计规划出无人机的充电停入路径,无人机根据该充电停入路径驶入对应的充电位进行充电。
应当理解的是,在一些实施例中,无人机还可以包括图像识别模块,用于识别各充电位上是否有无人机充电,以供路径规划模块为该无人机选择合适的空闲充电位,具体的,路径规划模块可以选择距离该无人机最近的空闲充电位作为该无人机驶入目标。
可选的,本实施例中的第一定位模块、第二定位模块以及第三定位模块可以均为超宽带定位模块,如DWM1000或SKU603。标准定位站点限定充电场地区域,充电位位置由第一定位模块和第二定位模块确定,方便不同场地的应用,在得到无人机的位置后,相当于得到了无人机的平面坐标和高度,所以可以规划出充电停入路径。无人机在驶入对应的充电位之后,无人机开启RF无线能量接收模块接收充电位上RF无线能量发射模块发射的能量,电池充电管理模块用于对RF无线能量接收模块输出的电能升压后给无人机的电池组自动充电。本实施例中的RF无线能量发射模块可以采用DA4100,RF无线能量接收模块可以采用DA2223,具体的可以参见图3所示。
应当说明的是,本实施例中电场地区域的位置可以由多个标准定位站限定,比如可以为3个,4个等等,请参见图4所示,充电场地区域的位置由4个标准定位站限定。4个标准定位站设置在平行于水平面的矩形空间的四个角上。每一充电位设置在矩形空间中。这样可以更便于无人机规划路径,减少计算量。当然了,在其他的实施例中,为了同时给更多的无人机进行充电,各充电位也可以设置在不同的平面内。
可选的,无人机还可以包括功率跟踪位置微调模块,用于在无人机驶入对应的充电位进行恒流充电,且最大充电功率与实际充电功率之差大于预设功率阈值时对无人机的位置进行微调,当然在无人机驶入对应的充电位进行恒压充电时,可以取消微调过程。应当说明的是,这里的微调是指使无人机在小范围内调整位置,比如,当某一无人机驶入图4中的充电位1时,可以在充电位1中调整自身的角度以提高充电效率。
本实施例提供的无人机群RF无线充电系统使得无人机可以根据需要匹配对应的充电位,自动完成充电位进入、RF无线充电、功率跟踪位置微调和充电完成休眠。
本实施例还提供一种基于上述任意一种无人机群RF无线充电系统的充电方法,请参见图5所示,包括如下步骤:
S1:待充电的无人机向集中充电管理平台发送充电请求。
S2:集中充电管理平台在接收到无人机的充电请求后启动各充电位的第一定位模块,各第一定位模块与无人机的第三定位模块进行信息交互。
S3:第三定位模块确定无人机的位置和该无人机相对各充电位的距离。
S4:无人机的路径规划模块根据无人机的位置和无人机相对各充电位的距离进行路线设计规划出无人机的充电停入路径。
具体来说,步骤S4中无人机还可以根据图像识别模块识别的各充电位的充电情况选择出距离该无人机最近的空闲充电位,规划出无人机行驶至该空闲充电位的路径。
S5:无人机根据充电停入路径驶入对应的充电位进行充电。
在一些实施例中,无人机还可以包括功率跟踪位置微调模块,此时,在步骤S5之后,还可以包括如下步骤:
S6:在无人机开始充电时进行计时。
S7:功率跟踪位置微调模块判断无人机是否是恒压充电,如是,转至S12,否则,转至S8;
S8:功率跟踪位置微调模块判断无人机是否是恒流充电,如是,转至S9,否则,转至S12;
S9:判断无人机的最大充电功率与实际充电功率之差是否大于预设功率阈值,如是,转至S10,否则,转至S12。
无人机的最大充电功率可以预置在该无人机中,而预设功率阈值也可以由开发人员根据实际情况灵活设置。
S10:对无人机的位置进行微调以寻找最大充电功率点。
S11:判断计时时长是否达到预设时长阈值,如是,转至S12,否则,转至S10。
这里的预设时长阈值同样可以由开发人员灵活设置,比如可以设置为20秒。
S12:结束位置微调过程。
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可做出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种无人机群RF无线充电系统,其特征在于,包括无人机和集中充电管理平台,所述集中充电管理平台包括设置在充电场地区域中的多个充电位,所述充电场地区域的位置由多个标准定位站限定;
每一所述充电位上设置有向待充电的无人机发射能量的RF无线能量发射模块、为所述RF无线能量发射模块提供电能的电源模块以及第一定位模块,所述标准定位站中设置有第二定位模块,每一所述第一定位模块用于与所述第二定位模块进行信息交互从而确定自身的位置;每一待充电的无人机上设置有用于接收能量的RF无线能量接收模块、电池充电管理模块、第三定位模块和路径规划模块,所述第三定位模块用于与所述第一定位模块进行信息交互从而确定所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离,所述路径规划模块用于根据所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离进行路线设计规划出所述无人机的充电停入路径,所述无人机根据所述充电停入路径驶入对应的充电位进行充电;
所述无人机还包括功率跟踪位置微调模块,用于在所述无人机驶入对应的充电位进行恒流充电,且最大充电功率与实际充电功率之差大于预设功率阈值时对所述无人机的位置进行微调,位置微调的计时时长达到预设时长阈值时,结束位置微调过程,在无人机驶入对应的充电位进行恒压充电时,则取消微调过程。
2.如权利要求1所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统,其特征在于,所述第一定位模块、所述第二定位模块以及所述第三定位模块均为超宽带定位模块。
3.如权利要求1所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统,其特征在于,所述充电场地区域的位置由4个标准定位站限定。
4.如权利要求3所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统,其特征在于,所述4个标准定位站设置在平行于水平面的矩形空间的四个角上。
5.如权利要求4所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统,其特征在于,每一所述充电位设置在所述矩形空间中。
6.如权利要求1所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统,其特征在于,所述电池充电管理模块用于对所述RF无线能量接收模块输出的电能升压后给所述无人机的电池组充电。
7.一种基于权利要求1-6任一项所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统的充电方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1:待充电的无人机向所述集中充电管理平台发送充电请求;
S2:各所述充电位的第一定位模块与所述无人机的第三定位模块进行信息交互;
S3:所述第三定位模块确定所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离;
S4:所述无人机的所述路径规划模块根据所述无人机的位置和所述无人机相对各所述充电位的距离进行路线设计规划出所述无人机的充电停入路径;
S5:所述无人机根据所述充电停入路径驶入对应的充电位进行充电。
8.如权利要求7所述的无人机群RF无线充电系统的充电方法,其特征在于,所述无人机还包括功率跟踪位置微调模块,在步骤S5之后,还包括如下步骤:
S6:在所述无人机开始充电时进行计时;
S7:所述功率跟踪位置微调模块判断所述无人机是否是恒压充电,如是,转至S12,否则,转至S8;
S8:所述功率跟踪位置微调模块判断所述无人机是否是恒流充电,如是,转至S9,否则,转至S12;
S9:判断所述无人机的最大充电功率与实际充电功率之差是否大于预设功率阈值,如是,转至S10,否则,转至S12;
S10:对所述无人机的位置进行微调以寻找最大充电功率点;
S11:判断计时时长是否达到预设时长阈值,如是,转至S12,否则,转至S10;
S12:结束位置微调过程。
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