CN111346933B - Method for forming flanges at any positions of pipes by gradually thickening - Google Patents
Method for forming flanges at any positions of pipes by gradually thickening Download PDFInfo
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- CN111346933B CN111346933B CN201811579356.XA CN201811579356A CN111346933B CN 111346933 B CN111346933 B CN 111346933B CN 201811579356 A CN201811579356 A CN 201811579356A CN 111346933 B CN111346933 B CN 111346933B
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- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
A method for realizing flange thickening based on a pipe comprises the steps of applying back pressure to a reverse ejection male die and setting a core rod to move upwards at a constant speed so as to carry out upsetting extrusion treatment on a pipe, gradually extruding pipe materials in a protective cavity into a forming cavity along with the gradual increase of deformation force in the pipe, and accumulating and thickening the side wall of the pipe in the forming cavity to finally form a flange. The invention leads the side wall materials to be gradually accumulated and formed, can effectively prevent the defects of distortion or insufficient filling and the like of the pipe wall, and improves the forming limit and the forming efficiency of the thickening of the flange; by adding the positioning cavity in the male die, the flange at any part of the pipe wall can be formed at one time, and the application range of the process is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of metal material plastic forming, in particular to a process method for forming a flange by gradually thickening any axial position of a pipe.
Background
The pipe is used as an indispensable part in industrial production and is widely applied to the metallurgy, chemical industry and automobile industry. For special functions, pipes are often provided with different wall thicknesses in the axial direction, most typically flange features. For the flange characteristics of the end part, an upsetting method is often adopted, and due to the limitation of the height-diameter ratio of an upsetting part, the upsetting deformation is small; for the flange characteristics of the middle part, a direct upsetting mode is mostly adopted, and the aim of thickening the pipe wall is achieved by designing different die cavities, but the forming method is limited by pipe wall instability, and the thickening effect is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for gradually thickening and forming the flange at any position of the pipe, and the deformation amount is increased by controlling the deformation area so as to meet the requirement of thickening the flange at any position.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
according to the invention, the back pressure is applied to the reverse ejection punch and the mandrel is set to move upwards at a constant speed, so that the upsetting extrusion treatment is carried out on the pipe fitting, the pipe fitting material in the protective cavity is gradually extruded into the forming cavity along with the gradual increase of the deformation force in the pipe fitting, and the side wall of the pipe fitting in the forming cavity is accumulated and thickened to finally form the flange.
The anti-top male die is in sliding fit with the forming cavity, a positioning cavity is further arranged according to the position of the flange needing thickening, and the flange thickening is formed at any axial position of the pipe fitting through the position and the shape of the positioning cavity.
The anti-terrace die, plug and the die that is located the pipe fitting outside constitute die assembly, this die assembly sets up between upper and lower workstation, wherein: and a cavity required for forming is formed among the reverse ejection male die, the female die and the core rod, an elastic part is arranged between the bottom of the female die and the lower workbench, and the female die is attached to the upper workbench through elasticity when the lower workbench moves upwards.
The inside of die be cascaded die cavity, this cascaded die cavity is including protection die cavity and shaping die cavity, wherein: the inner diameter of a forming cavity is the same as the outer diameter of a target flange, the inner diameter of a protecting cavity is the same as the initial outer diameter of a pipe, and the core rod is correspondingly of a stepped structure.
The thickening of the flange is specifically as follows: the mandrel is inserted inside the pipe and the pipe is placed in the cavity of the female die, the hydraulic equipment is connected with the countertop male die and is started to provide constant back pressure, the lower working table moves upwards at constant speed, the pipe is pressed into the forming cavity from the protective cavity, the side wall of the pipe begins to thicken, the spring is compressed and applies pressure to the female die to fix the female die.
Technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention enables the side wall material to be gradually accumulated and formed, the deformation amount is not limited by the height-diameter ratio of the deformation material any more, the defects of pipe wall distortion or insufficient filling and the like can be effectively prevented, and the forming limit and the forming efficiency of flange thickening are improved; by adding the positioning cavity in the reverse-ejection male die, the flange at any part of the pipe wall can be formed at one time, and the application range of the process is expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of example 1;
in the figure: a is a structural schematic diagram; b is a schematic diagram;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of example 2;
in the figure: a is a structural schematic diagram; b is a schematic diagram;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the components of the present invention;
in the figure: a is a schematic view of the reverse-ejecting punch of example 1; b is a schematic view of the reverse-ejecting punch of example 2; c is a schematic diagram of a female die; d is a schematic view of the mandrel;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tube;
in the figure: a is an original pipe fitting; b is the thickened pipe fitting of the flange of the embodiment 1; c is the flange thickened pipe fitting of the embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a prior art effect graph;
in the figure: a is a prior art effect diagram of embodiment 1; b is a prior art effect diagram of embodiment 2;
in the above figures: the device comprises a reverse ejection punch 1, a female die 2, a pipe fitting 3, a core rod 4, a spring 5, an upper workbench 6, a lower workbench 7, a protection cavity 8, a positioning cavity 9, a forming cavity 10 and a positioning structure 11.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the end of the pipe 3 is formed with a flange to be thickened, specifically, the upper pipe opening h of the pipe 3 is formedeSection, in particular providing constant pressure F by external hydraulic equipmentcAnd a die assembly with working tables 6 and 7 is adopted to carry out upsetting and extruding treatment on the pipe fitting 3, and the stroke S of the working tables is set according to the size of the flange required to be formedmMake the table at a constant speed VpAnd (3) driving the die pressing device, along with the upward movement of the core rod 4, gradually extruding the pipe fitting 3 into a forming cavity from the positioning cavity, and gradually thickening the side wall of the pipe fitting 3 until the stroke is finished to form a flange.
The die assembly comprises: the anti-top terrace die 1, die 2 and plug 4, wherein: the reverse-ejection male die 1 is respectively in sliding fit with the female die 2 and the core rod 4, the female die 2 is also in sliding fit with the core rod 4, and a closed cavity is formed among the three.
The volume of the cavity is the same as that of the pipe fitting 3.
The inside of the female die 2 is a stepped cavity, and the top of the female die is provided with an upper workbench 6.
The stepped cavity comprises: a forming cavity 10 and a protection cavity 8, wherein: diameter D of the forming cavity 10d1Outer diameter D of flangefSame, i.e. Dd1＝Df(ii) a Diameter D of protective cavity 8d2With the outer diameter D of the pipe 30Same, i.e. Dd2＝D0。
The core rod 4 is in a step shape, the lower end of the core rod is provided with a lower working table 7, and the lower working table 7 is connected with the bottom of the female die 2 through a spring 5.
The ladder-shaped core rod is divided into an upper section core rod and a lower section core rod, wherein: diameter D of upper core rodm2To the inner diameter d of the pipe 30Same, i.e. Dm2＝d0(ii) a The diameter of the lower section core rod is Dm1Outer diameter D of pipe fitting0Same, i.e. Dm1＝D0＝Dd2。
The outer diameter of the reverse top convex die 1 is DcAnd satisfies the following conditions: dc＝Dd1＝Df(ii) a With an internal diameter dcAnd satisfies the following conditions: dc＝Dm2＝d0。
The upsetting-extruding treatment specifically comprises the following steps: the mandrel 4 is inserted into the pipe 3, the pipe 3 is placed in the cavity, the hydraulic equipment is connected to the countertop punch 1 and is activated to provide a constant back pressure, the lower table 7 is moved upwards at a constant speed, the pipe 3 is extruded from the protective cavity 8 into the forming cavity 10, the side walls of the pipe 3 start to thicken, the spring 5 is compressed and exerts a pressure on the female die 2 to immobilize the female die 2.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, in this embodiment, a flange is formed in the middle of the pipe 3 to be thickened, and the specific thickening position is an upper pipe opening h away from the pipe 3dTo (3). The reverse-ejecting punch 1 of the present embodiment has increased the set point as compared with the embodiment 1The structure 11, and therefore the closed cavity in which the pipe is located, can be divided into three parts as follows:
the reverse top punch 1 with the positioning structure is shown in figure 3b, and the height of the positioning structure is hcAnd satisfy hc＝hdWidth of tcAnd satisfy tc＝t0。
The closed cavity sequentially comprises: forming cavity 10, protecting cavity 8 and positioning cavity 9, wherein: the diameter of the forming cavity 10 is the same as the outer diameter of the flange, the diameter of the protecting cavity 8 is the same as the outer diameter of the pipe fitting 3, and the positioning cavity 9 is matched with the positioning structure 11 to determine the specific position of thickening of the flange of the pipe fitting 3.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the prior art, the reverse-ejection punch is fixed, so that the core rod and the female die are fixed on the workbench together, the workbench drives the core rod and the female die to move together when working, the pipe is directly upset and thickened, and if the distance between the reverse-ejection punch and the female die, namely the height h of a pipe deformation zone is large0Thickness t of the pipe0Too large a ratio of (a) will cause instability, i.e. a folding defect as shown in fig. 5. The flange forming method abandons the concept of integrally upsetting materials by the traditional method when forming the flange, adopts the idea of gradual forming, and gradually extrudes the materials into a deformation area so as to accumulate the materials into the flange. The method specifically comprises the following steps: during forming, the lower table 7 moves upward, and a forming force is applied to the pipe 3 by the mandrel 4. At the same time, the hydraulic equipment is started, and the reverse ejection punch 1 connected with the hydraulic equipment applies constant reverse ejection force opposite to the forming force direction to the pipe fitting 3. Therefore, when the forming force is larger than the counter force, the material of the pipe is gradually extruded from the protective cavity and accumulated in the forming cavity, and the required flange is formed. Based on the characteristic that materials are gradually accumulated in the forming process, the deformation of the formed flange is not influenced by h in the traditional method0/t0The constraint on the value allows for continuous sidewall thickening of the pipe without buckling. Compared with the traditional direct upsetting, the invention can effectively avoid the folding defect in the traditional technological process.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A flange thickening realization method based on a pipe is characterized in that a back pressure is applied to a reverse top punch and a core rod is arranged to move upwards at a constant speed, so that upsetting extrusion processing is carried out on the pipe, the pipe material in a protective cavity is gradually extruded into a forming cavity along with the gradual increase of the deformation force in the pipe, and the side wall of the pipe in the forming cavity is accumulated to thicken and finally forms a flange.
2. The method for realizing the pipe-based flange thickening according to claim 1, wherein the anti-ejection punch is in sliding fit with the forming cavity, a positioning cavity is further arranged according to the position of the flange to be thickened, and the flange thickening is formed at any position in the axial direction of the pipe fitting by the position and the shape of the positioning cavity.
3. A method for realizing pipe-based flange thickening according to claim 1, wherein the counter punch, the core rod and the die located outside the pipe form a die assembly disposed between the upper and lower tables, wherein: and a cavity required for forming is formed among the reverse ejection male die, the female die and the core rod, an elastic part is arranged between the bottom of the female die and the lower workbench, and the female die is attached to the upper workbench through elasticity when the lower workbench moves upwards.
4. A method for realizing flange thickening based on a pipe material according to claim 3, wherein the inside of the female die is a stepped die cavity, the stepped die cavity comprises a protection die cavity and a forming die cavity, wherein: the inner diameter of a forming cavity is the same as the outer diameter of a target flange, the inner diameter of a protecting cavity is the same as the initial outer diameter of a pipe, and the core rod is correspondingly of a stepped structure.
5. The pipe-based flange thickening realization method according to claim 4, wherein the flange thickening is specifically as follows: the mandrel is inserted inside the pipe and the pipe is placed in the cavity of the female die, the hydraulic equipment is connected with the countertop male die and is started to provide constant back pressure, the lower working table moves upwards at constant speed, the pipe is pressed into the forming cavity from the protective cavity, the side wall of the pipe begins to thicken, the spring is compressed and applies pressure to the female die to fix the female die.
6. An apparatus for carrying out the method of any one of the preceding claims, in particular a die assembly arranged between the upper and lower tables, the die assembly comprising: anti-top terrace die, plug and be located the die in the pipe fitting outside, wherein: and a cavity required for forming is formed among the reverse ejection male die, the female die with the stepped cavity inside and the core rod with the stepped structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811579356.XA CN111346933B (en) | 2018-12-24 | 2018-12-24 | Method for forming flanges at any positions of pipes by gradually thickening |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811579356.XA CN111346933B (en) | 2018-12-24 | 2018-12-24 | Method for forming flanges at any positions of pipes by gradually thickening |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111346933A CN111346933A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
| CN111346933B true CN111346933B (en) | 2021-05-07 |
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| CN201811579356.XA Active CN111346933B (en) | 2018-12-24 | 2018-12-24 | Method for forming flanges at any positions of pipes by gradually thickening |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112139424B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-04-08 | 湘潭大学 | Cylindrical part plate forging forming die with small round corner characteristic and method |
| CN114260407A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-01 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Preparation process of aluminum alloy thin-wall, long-cylinder and thick-flange forging |
| CN114833286B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2024-04-30 | 太原理工大学 | Flaring-upsetting composite forming device and method for thin-wall pipe end flange |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19606754C1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-06-19 | Gfu Ges Fuer Umformung Und Mas | Method for manufacturing tube blank for pinion shaft |
| JP2009045634A (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-03-05 | Univ Nihon | Forging apparatus and forging method |
| CN103611753A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-05 | 北京机电研究所 | Forming device and method for thickening wall of pipe |
| CN103962485A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-08-06 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | System and method of making a forged part |
| CN105170854A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 上海交通大学 | Tubular part local thickening molding device and method |
| RU2645814C1 (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-02-28 | Виталий Вениаминович Девятов | Method for manufacture of long-axis items like a rod with thickness |
-
2018
- 2018-12-24 CN CN201811579356.XA patent/CN111346933B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19606754C1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-06-19 | Gfu Ges Fuer Umformung Und Mas | Method for manufacturing tube blank for pinion shaft |
| JP2009045634A (en) * | 2007-08-16 | 2009-03-05 | Univ Nihon | Forging apparatus and forging method |
| CN103962485A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-08-06 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | System and method of making a forged part |
| CN103611753A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-05 | 北京机电研究所 | Forming device and method for thickening wall of pipe |
| CN105170854A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 上海交通大学 | Tubular part local thickening molding device and method |
| RU2645814C1 (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2018-02-28 | Виталий Вениаминович Девятов | Method for manufacture of long-axis items like a rod with thickness |
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| CN111346933A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240407 Address after: 264200 No.2, Guangzhou road, Rushan Economic Development Zone, Weihai City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Weihai Huabang Precision Industry Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 200240 No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, Minhang District Patentee before: SHANGHAI JIAO TONG University Country or region before: China |
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