CN111342333A - Optical fiber mode locking device based on polymer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber mode locking device based on polymer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111342333A CN111342333A CN202010213568.7A CN202010213568A CN111342333A CN 111342333 A CN111342333 A CN 111342333A CN 202010213568 A CN202010213568 A CN 202010213568A CN 111342333 A CN111342333 A CN 111342333A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
- H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
- H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
- H01S3/1118—Semiconductor saturable absorbers, e.g. semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors [SESAMs]; Solid-state saturable absorbers, e.g. carbon nanotube [CNT] based
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06791—Fibre ring lasers
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber mode locking device based on a polymer and a preparation method and application thereof. The polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device comprises a polymer film and two coaxially arranged optical fiber connectors; the polymer film is arranged between the end faces of the two optical fiber connectors; a polymer film is adhered to the end face of one of the fiber optic connectors. The raw materials used by the optical fiber mode locking device based on the polymer are low in price and various in types, and can be suitable for various wave bands and requirements; the instruments and equipment (a spin coater, a vacuum oven, a micro-operation platform and the like) required in the preparation process are common basic equipment, and the production cost is low. In addition, the preparation cost of the optical fiber mode locking device is low, so that the overall cost of the fully-fiber mode-locked laser is correspondingly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber mode locking device based on a polymer, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of polymer material photoelectric devices.
Background
The mode-locked fiber laser has the advantages of small volume, compact structure, high beam quality, simple heat management and strong stability, can generate picosecond and femtosecond laser pulses, and is widely applied to material processing, biomedicine, precise measurement and scientific research. In the prior art, methods for realizing mode locking of a fiber laser include nonlinear polarization rotation mode locking, nonlinear optical/amplification ring mirror mode locking and material-based mode locking. The nonlinear polarization rotation mode locking is sensitive to the environment and poor in stability; the starting of the nonlinear optical/amplification ring mirror mode locking is relatively difficult; and the material-based mode locking has the characteristics of self-starting, high stability and rich mode locking parameters, so that the material-based mode locking is widely concerned and used in research and application.
The material-based mode locking device is made of a material with saturable absorption characteristic, namely a material with low transmittance when low-intensity light is irradiated and high transmittance when high-intensity light is irradiated, and the material can be placed in a fiber laser to play roles in inhibiting low-intensity noise, selecting high-intensity pulse, starting mode locking and purifying pulse. Parameters influencing the performance of the material-based mode locking device comprise weak light transmittance, modulation depth, saturation recovery time, damage threshold value and the like. The saturable absorption materials commonly used for the material-based mode locking device at present comprise a semiconductor saturable absorption reflector, a carbon nanotube, a two-dimensional material (graphene, transition metal chalcogenide, black phosphorus, MXene and the like), a metal nano material and the like. However, the preparation of these saturable absorber materials usually requires the assistance of expensive instruments (such as chemical vapor deposition, laser ablation, nanostructure growth, high temperature and pressure, etc.), resulting in high preparation cost.
In addition, the existing material-based mode locking device generally has higher non-saturation loss and insertion loss, so that the fiber laser has higher mode locking threshold and lower output power, the damage threshold of the mode locking device is also reduced, and the long-term reliability and stability of the system are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a polymer-based optical fiber mode-locking device.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the optical fiber mode locking device and an all-fiber mode locking laser applying the optical fiber mode locking device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device comprises a polymer film and two coaxially arranged optical fiber connectors; the polymer film is arranged between the end faces of the two optical fiber connectors; a polymer film is adhered to the end face of one of the fiber optic connectors.
Preferably, the thickness of the polymer film is 100-500 microns.
The preparation method of the optical fiber mode locking device comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring the polymer particles into a solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polymer solution with the concentration of 0.1-2 wt%;
(2) uniformly coating the polymer solution obtained in the step (1) on a glass sheet by using a spin coater; the rotating speed of the spin coater is 1000-8000 rpm; the coating treatment time is 5-30 minutes; the volume of the polymer solution for each coating treatment is 0.1-0.5 mL;
(3) baking and drying the glass sheet coated with the polymer obtained in the step (2) in a vacuum environment, discharging a solvent in the polymer, forming a film by the polymer, and increasing the hardness of the polymer; the vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is 10-100 Pa; the baking temperature is 50-300 ℃; the baking and drying time is 4-12 hours;
(4) cutting the polymer film obtained in the step (3) into 1 × 1mm2A square sheet of polymer film of (a);
(5) and (3) adhering the polymer film square sheet obtained in the step (4) to the end face of an optical fiber connector, and coaxially matching the whole with another optical fiber connector to form the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device.
Preferably, the polymer particles are any one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
Preferably, the solvent is one or more of N-methyl pyrrolidone, water, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol or toluene.
Preferably, the specific method for adhering the polymer film square piece to the end face of the optical fiber connector in the step (5) is as follows: placing the optical fiber connector on a micro-operation platform, and keeping the end face upward; attaching the polymer film square sheet to a glass sheet, and aligning the polymer film square sheet with the end face of the optical fiber connector by moving the glass sheet under a microscope to ensure that the polymer film square sheet completely covers the end face of the optical fiber connector; and lifting the optical fiber connector to enable the end face to be in contact with the polymer film square piece, and continuously lifting the optical fiber connector to enable the polymer film square piece to be completely adhered to the end face of the optical fiber connector.
Further preferably, the pressure required for completely adhering the polymer film square piece to the end face of the optical fiber connector is 5 to 30N.
An all-fiber mode-locked laser applying the optical fiber mode-locked device comprises a pumping laser diode, a wave combiner, a doped activated ion gain optical fiber, a polarization-independent optical isolator, a polarization controller, a coupling beam splitter and an optical fiber mode-locked device which are connected in sequence; the optical fiber mode locking device is connected with the optical multiplexer to form an annular laser cavity.
The pump laser diode is used for outputting pump light and providing an energy source for the all-fiber mode-locked laser, and the wavelength of the pump laser diode is determined according to the type of the doped activated ion gain fiber. The polarization-independent optical isolator ensures unidirectional transmission of light in the ring laser cavity. The polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization state of light in the annular laser cavity and promoting generation of mode-locked laser pulses. The optical fiber mode locking device is used for realizing stable mode locking pulse, so that the mode locking state of the optical fiber mode locking laser is kept stable for a long time, and the output power jitter is small.
Preferably, the optical combiner is a wavelength division multiplexer or a multimode pump combiner, and is configured to combine light of two wavelengths into one optical fiber.
Preferably, the doped active ion gain fiber is an ytterbium-doped fiber, an erbium-doped fiber or a thulium-doped fiber. The doped active ion gain fiber is used as a gain medium for generating laser with the wavelength of 1 μm, 1.55 μm and 2 μm or so.
Preferably, the splitting ratio of the coupling beam splitter is 90%: 10 percent; 90% of the ports are connected to the ring laser cavity and 10% of the ports are used for outputting laser light. 90%: the 10% splitting ratio is beneficial to keeping high energy density in the laser cavity, promoting the generation of a stable mode locking state and simultaneously obtaining higher output power.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the raw materials used by the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device are polymer particles, solvents, optical fibers and other basic raw materials, can be directly purchased in the market, are low in price and various in variety, and can be suitable for various wave bands and requirements; the instruments and equipment (a spin coater, a vacuum oven, a micro-operation platform and the like) required in the preparation process are common basic equipment, and the production cost is low. In addition, the preparation cost of the optical fiber mode locking device is low, so that the overall cost of the fully-fiber mode-locked laser is correspondingly reduced.
2. The preparation method of the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device has the advantages of simple process, easy operation, loose requirements on preparation process parameters, and great reduction of process difficulty and manufacturing cost; the polymer film has high film forming quality, strong repeatability, batch production and high yield.
3. According to the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device, the processes from the preparation of the polymer film to the assembly of the optical fiber mode locking device are simple and high in repeatability, the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the existing optical fiber mode locking device are greatly reduced, and the yield of the optical fiber mode locking device is integrally improved. Meanwhile, the optical fiber mode locking device has the advantages of high weak light transmittance, low insertion loss, high damage threshold and quick saturation recovery time, greatly improves the stability and reliability of the device, reduces the mode locking threshold of a mode locking optical fiber laser, and increases the output power. The transmittance of the optical fiber mode locking device under low-light irradiation is 70-95%; the modulation depth is 2% -25%; the saturation power density is 20-100 MW/cm2。
4. The mode locking device used by the full-fiber mode-locked laser is based on the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device, stable mode locking pulse and mode locking state can be obtained, abnormal pulse does not appear, and output power is stable. Meanwhile, the insertion loss of the optical fiber mode locking device is low, and the damage threshold is high, so that the output power and the long-term reliability of the mode locking optical fiber laser are correspondingly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a polymer-based fiber mode-locking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for producing a polymer-based optical fiber mode-locking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the nonlinear transmittance test of the optical fiber mode-locking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of nonlinear transmittance measurements of an optical fiber mode-locking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-fiber mode-locked laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an output spectrum of the all-fiber mode-locked laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an autocorrelation curve of the all-fiber mode-locked laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a pulse sequence of the all-fiber mode-locked laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 shows the radio frequency spectrum of the all-fiber mode-locked laser according to the present invention;
wherein, 1: an optical fiber connector; 2: a polymer film; 11: an ultrashort pulse laser; 12: an optical attenuator;
13: a fiber coupler; 14: an optical fiber mode locking device; 15: an optical fiber jumper; 16: an optical power meter; 21: a pump laser diode; 22: an optical multiplexer; 23: doping an active ion gain fiber; 24: a polarization independent optical isolator; 25:
a polarization controller; 26: a coupling beam splitter; 27: an optical fiber mode locking device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below, but not limited thereto, with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1.
A polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device comprises a polymer film and two coaxially arranged optical fiber connectors 1; the polymer film 2 is arranged between the end faces of the two optical fiber connectors 1; a polymer film 2 is adhered to the end face of one of the optical fiber connectors 1.
The thickness of the polymer film 2 was 200 μm. The optical fiber connector used in this embodiment is an FC splice connector.
The method for manufacturing the optical fiber mode-locking device according to the embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, includes the following steps:
(1) pouring the polymer particles into N-methyl pyrrolidone and stirring uniformly to obtain a polymer solution with the concentration of 1 wt%; the polymer particles are compounded by polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, and the mass ratio of the three polymer particles is 1:1: 1.
(2) Uniformly coating the polymer solution obtained in the step (1) on a glass sheet by using a spin coater; the rotating speed of the spin coater is 5000 revolutions per minute; the coating treatment time was 20 minutes; the volume of the polymer solution treated per application was 0.3 mL;
the specific method of the coating treatment comprises the steps of placing the polished optical glass sheet at the center of a rotary table of a spin coater, dripping a polymer solution at the center of the glass sheet, starting the spin coater to enable the rotary table to drive the glass sheet to rotate, uniformly coating the polymer solution on the surface of the glass sheet under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, and stopping the spin coater and taking down the glass sheet after the polymer is bonded into a film.
(3) Placing the glass sheet coated with the polymer obtained in the step (2) in a vacuum oven, carrying out baking and drying treatment in a vacuum environment, discharging a solvent in the polymer, forming a film from the polymer, and increasing the hardness of the polymer; the vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is 80 Pa; the baking temperature is 100 ℃; the baking and drying time is 8 hours;
(4) taking the polymer film obtained in the step (3) down from the glass sheet by using a sharp needle and an ultrathin blade to obtain a smooth and complete polymer film, and cutting the polymer film into pieces with the thickness of 1 × 1mm by using a film cutting knife2A square sheet of polymer film of (a);
(5) and (3) adhering the polymer film square sheet obtained in the step (4) to the end face of an optical fiber connector, and coaxially matching the whole with another optical fiber connector to form the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device.
The specific method for adhering the polymer film square sheet to the end face of the optical fiber connector in the step (5) is as follows: placing the optical fiber connector on a micro-operation platform, and keeping the end face upward; attaching the polymer film square sheet to a glass sheet, and aligning the polymer film square sheet with the end face of the optical fiber connector by moving the glass sheet under a microscope to ensure that the polymer film square sheet completely covers the end face of the optical fiber connector; and lifting the optical fiber connector to enable the end face to be in contact with the polymer film square piece, and continuously lifting the optical fiber connector to enable the polymer film square piece to be completely adhered to the end face of the optical fiber connector. The pressure required for completely adhering the polymer film square sheet to the end face of the optical fiber connector is 5-30N.
The nonlinear transmittance of the optical fiber mode-locking device of the embodiment was tested by means of the apparatus shown in FIG. 3; the test results are shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 shows that the weak light transmittance of the polymer-based fiber mode-locked device is as high as 87%, indicating that the insertion loss of the device is only 0.6dB, which is much lower than that of the fiber mode-locked device made of other materials (e.g. the Graphene mode-locked device used in the article b.fu, y.hua, x.xiao, h.zhu, z.sun and c.yang, "Broadband and Graphene crystal Absorber for pulsed fiber Lasers at 1,1.5, and 2 μm," in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in quantum electronics, vol.20, No.5, pp.411-415, sept. -oct.2014, Art No.1100705. the weak light transmittance is 64%, and the corresponding insertion loss is 1.9 dB). The low insertion loss can reduce the mode locking threshold of the laser and improve the output power. The modulation depth of the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device in the embodiment is 6.7%, which is higher than that of the optical fiber mode locking device in the above article, and is beneficial to realizing mode locking starting and pulse purification.
Example 2
An all-fiber mode-locked laser using the fiber mode-locked device described in embodiment 1 is shown in fig. 5, and includes a pump laser diode 21, an optical multiplexer 22, a doped activated ion gain fiber 23, a polarization-independent optical isolator 24, a polarization controller 25, a coupling beam splitter 26, and a fiber mode-locked device 27, which are connected in sequence; the optical fiber mode locking device 14 is connected with the optical multiplexer 22 to form an annular laser cavity.
The pump laser diode 21 is used for outputting pump light to provide an energy source for the all-fiber mode-locked laser, and the wavelength of the pump laser diode is determined according to the type of the doped active ion gain fiber. The polarization-independent optical isolator ensures unidirectional transmission of light in the ring laser cavity. The polarization controller 25 is used to adjust the polarization state of the light in the ring laser cavity to facilitate generation of mode-locked laser pulses. The optical fiber mode locking device is used for realizing stable mode locking pulse, so that the mode locking state of the optical fiber mode locking laser is kept stable for a long time, and the output power jitter is small.
The optical multiplexer 22 is a wavelength division multiplexer for combining light of two wavelengths into one optical fiber.
The doped active ion gain fiber 23 is an ytterbium-doped fiber. The ytterbium-doped fiber is used as a gain medium for generating laser with the wavelength of about 1 μm.
Example 3
The all-fiber mode-locked laser of the fiber mode-locked device according to embodiment 2, further, the splitting ratio of the coupling beam splitter 26 is 90%: 10 percent; 90% of the ports are connected to the ring laser cavity and 10% of the ports are used for outputting laser light. 90%: the 10% splitting ratio is beneficial to keeping high energy density in the laser cavity, promoting the generation of a stable mode locking state and simultaneously obtaining higher output power.
The output spectrum, the autocorrelation curve, the pulse sequence and the radio frequency spectrum of the all-fiber mode-locked laser are shown in fig. 6-9; the all-fiber mode-locked laser described in this embodiment is continuously monitored for 20 days, and its output spectrum and pulse sequence have no jump and jitter, and output power has no fluctuation, which indicates that the all-fiber mode-locked laser of the fiber mode-locked device described in this embodiment has good stability and can reliably work for a long time.
Example 4
An all-fiber mode-locked laser of the fiber mode-locked device as described in example 2, except that the doped active ion gain fiber 23 is an erbium-doped fiber. Erbium-doped fibers are used as gain media for generating laser light with a wavelength of about 1.55 μm.
Example 5
The all-fiber mode-locked laser of the fiber mode-locked device according to embodiment 2, except that the doped active ion gain fiber 23 is a thulium-doped fiber. The thulium-doped optical fiber is used as a gain medium for generating laser with the wavelength of about 2 mu m.
Claims (9)
1. A polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device is characterized by comprising a polymer film and two coaxially arranged optical fiber connectors; the polymer film is arranged between the end faces of the two optical fiber connectors; a polymer film is adhered to the end face of one of the fiber optic connectors.
2. The polymer-based optical fiber mode-locking device according to claim 1, wherein the polymer thin film has a thickness of 100 to 500 μm.
3. A method for manufacturing an optical fiber mode-locked device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) pouring the polymer particles into a solvent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polymer solution with the concentration of 0.1-2 wt%;
(2) uniformly coating the polymer solution obtained in the step (1) on a glass sheet by using a spin coater; the rotating speed of the spin coater is 1000-8000 rpm; the coating treatment time is 5-30 minutes; the volume of the polymer solution for each coating treatment is 0.1-0.5 mL;
(3) baking and drying the glass sheet coated with the polymer obtained in the step (2) in a vacuum environment, discharging a solvent in the polymer, forming a film by the polymer, and increasing the hardness of the polymer; the vacuum degree of the vacuum environment is 10-100 Pa; the baking temperature is 50-300 ℃; the baking and drying time is 4-12 hours;
(4) cutting the polymer film obtained in the step (3) into 1 × 1mm2A square sheet of polymer film of (a);
(5) and (3) adhering the polymer film square sheet obtained in the step (4) to the end face of an optical fiber connector, and coaxially matching the whole with another optical fiber connector to form the polymer-based optical fiber mode locking device.
4. The method for preparing an optical fiber mode-locking device according to claim 3, wherein the polymer particles are any one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol;
the solvent is any one or more of N-methyl pyrrolidone, water, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol or toluene.
5. The method for manufacturing an optical fiber mode-locking device according to claim 3, wherein the specific method for adhering the polymer film square piece to the end face of the optical fiber connector in the step (5) is as follows: placing the optical fiber connector on a micro-operation platform, and keeping the end face upward; attaching the polymer film square sheet to a glass sheet, and aligning the polymer film square sheet with the end face of the optical fiber connector by moving the glass sheet under a microscope to ensure that the polymer film square sheet completely covers the end face of the optical fiber connector; and lifting the optical fiber connector to enable the end face to be in contact with the polymer film square piece, and continuously lifting the optical fiber connector to enable the polymer film square piece to be completely adhered to the end face of the optical fiber connector.
6. The method for manufacturing an optical fiber mode-locking device according to claim 5, wherein a pressure required to completely adhere the polymer film square piece to the end face of the optical fiber connector is 5 to 30N.
7. An all-fiber mode-locked laser using the fiber mode-locked device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising a pump laser diode, a light combiner, a doped activated ion gain fiber, a polarization-independent light isolator, a polarization controller, a coupling beam splitter, and a fiber mode-locked device connected in sequence; the optical fiber mode locking device is connected with the optical multiplexer to form an annular laser cavity.
8. The all-fiber mode-locked laser according to claim 7, wherein the optical combiner is a wavelength division multiplexer or a multimode pump combiner for combining light of two wavelengths into one optical fiber; the doped active ion gain optical fiber is an ytterbium-doped optical fiber, an erbium-doped optical fiber or a thulium-doped optical fiber.
9. The all-fiber mode-locked laser according to claim 7, wherein the splitting ratio of the coupling beam splitter is 90%: 10 percent; 90% of the ports are connected to the ring laser cavity and 10% of the ports are used for outputting laser light.
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| CN109361142A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of based on the saturable absorber device of TiN nano material and application |
| CN109361141A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of based on the saturable absorber device of boron nanometer sheet and application |
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| CN106478741A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-03-08 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of five core cluster cobalt coordination polymer and preparation method and application |
| CN109361142A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of based on the saturable absorber device of TiN nano material and application |
| CN109361141A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of based on the saturable absorber device of boron nanometer sheet and application |
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