CN111337535A - Heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111337535A CN111337535A CN202010253495.4A CN202010253495A CN111337535A CN 111337535 A CN111337535 A CN 111337535A CN 202010253495 A CN202010253495 A CN 202010253495A CN 111337535 A CN111337535 A CN 111337535A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of heat transfer and comprising heating equipment (1), a heat pipe (2) to be tested, a thermoelectric conversion module (3), a cold source system (4), an electrical parameter measuring system (5), an electronic computer (6), a temperature measuring system (7), a heat insulating material (8) and a transition module (9). During testing, heat is firstly transferred from the heating equipment to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested, then further transferred to the heat insulation section and the condensation section, and then transferred to the transition module and the thermoelectric conversion module, the real-time conversion condition of the thermoelectric conversion module is measured through the electrical parameter measuring system and the electronic computer, so that the heat transfer quantity can be calculated, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the heat pipe to be tested is measured in real time through the temperature measuring system, and the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe can be calculated by combining the test data with the size parameters of the heat pipe. The invention has the advantages of simple test equipment, convenient test, high test precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of heat transfer.
Background
The heat pipe is a device for efficiently transferring heat by utilizing a phase change principle, has an equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient far higher than that of metal heat conduction materials such as copper, aluminum and the like, is known as a heat-conducting 'superconductor', and has important application in various fields such as spacecraft thermal control, electronic equipment heat dissipation and the like.
The performance of thermal conduction is generally characterized by thermal conductivity (also known as thermal conductivity), which means the temperature difference between two side surfaces of a 1m thick material (or device) under stable heat transfer conditions is 1K (or 1 ℃), and the heat transferred through a 1 square meter area within 1 hour is expressed in units of W/(m · K). The heat transfer performance of a heat pipe is typically characterized by an equivalent thermal conductivity.
The steady state method is a commonly used method for measuring the heat transfer performance (equivalent thermal conductivity) of a heat pipe. When the steady state method is used for measuring the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe, the length of the heat pipe in the heat transfer direction, the temperature difference between two ends in the heat transfer direction and the heat transferred in the heat transfer direction need to be measured, the former two parameters are relatively good to measure, the measurement precision is also relatively high, and for the measurement of the heat transfer quantity, two methods are generally used: one is to calculate the heat transfer amount by subtracting the leakage heat from the input heat amount, and the other is to calculate the heat transfer amount by measuring the mass flow rate and the temperature change of the cooling medium.
When the two traditional methods are adopted to measure the heat transfer quantity of the heat pipe, higher requirements are placed on heat insulation and heat preservation (so as to reduce heat leakage), and the measurement error is often larger, especially under the condition of measuring the high-temperature heat pipe, for the former method, because the working temperature of the high-temperature heat pipe is usually more than 700K, the temperature difference between a heat source and the surrounding environment is larger during the test, and larger heat leakage can be generated, so that the measurement deviation of the heat transfer quantity is obviously increased, and the measurement precision is influenced; for the latter method, the heat transfer heat flow of the heat pipe during the test is calculated according to the formula (1).
Q=Q1-Q2Formula (1)
In the formula:
q-heat transfer heat flow of the heat pipe, with unit of watt (W);
Q1-the heat flow obtained by cooling the water in watts (W);
Q2-heat leakage flux from the environment to the cooling jacket or device in watts (W).
The heat flux obtained by cooling water is calculated according to the formula (2).
Q1=G·cp·(T2-T1) Formula (2)
In the formula:
g is the mass flow rate of the cooling water, and the unit is kilogram per second (kg/s);
cp-specific heat of water in joules per kilogram degree centigrade [ J/(kg. degree. C.)];
T1-the inlet temperature of the cooling water in degrees centigrade (c);
T2the outlet temperature of the cooling water is given in degrees centigrade (. degree. C.).
The mass flow of the cooling medium is often relatively large in error during testing, the inlet temperature fluctuates to a certain extent, and the measurement of the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature has a certain error, so that the total error is often relatively large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof aiming at the current situations of high requirements on heat insulation and heat preservation measures, larger measurement errors and inconvenient testing when the heat pipe heat transfer performance is measured by adopting a traditional method.
In the prior art, the measurement of electrical parameters is convenient and high in precision, and the heat transfer quantity and the thermoelectric conversion quantity are closely related under specific conditions, so that the technical problems are solved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof comprise a heating device (1), a heat pipe to be tested (2), a thermoelectric conversion module (3), a cold source system (4), an electrical parameter measuring system (5), an electronic computer (6), a temperature measuring system (7), a heat insulating material (8) and a transition module (9). During testing, heat is firstly transferred from the heating equipment to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested, then transferred from the evaporation section of the heat pipe to the heat insulation section and the condensation section, and then transferred from the condensation section to the transition module and the thermoelectric conversion module, the real-time conversion condition of the thermoelectric conversion module is measured through the electrical parameter measuring system and the electronic computer, so that the heat transfer size and speed can be calculated, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the heat pipe to be tested is measured in real time through the temperature measuring system, and the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe can be calculated by combining the test data and the size parameters of the heat pipe.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: in the test, the heat transfer quantity is not calculated by subtracting the heat leakage from the input heat quantity, or the heat transfer quantity is calculated by measuring the mass flow and the temperature change of the cooling medium, but the heat transfer quantity is converted into electric energy by using the thermoelectric conversion module arranged at the condensation section of the heat pipe, and then the heat transfer quantity is calculated by measuring the real-time power generation parameters of the thermoelectric conversion module.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the invention is suitable for measuring the conventional cylindrical heat pipe and the flat-plate heat pipe, has better effect when measuring the flat-plate heat pipe, has simpler or even can omit the structure of the transition module when measuring the flat-plate heat pipe, can directly contact the condensation section of the heat pipe with the thermoelectric conversion module, has better contact and heat transfer effects, and is more convenient than the traditional test method.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the transition module used in the invention can be an inflatable air gap device with adjustable gas parameters or a pure solid material, and has two main functions, namely, the transition module is simultaneously contacted with the heat pipe condensation section and the hot end of the thermoelectric conversion module so as to better realize heat transfer, and corresponding thermal resistance can be arranged between the heat pipe condensation section and the hot end of the thermoelectric conversion module according to requirements, so that the temperature of the heat pipe condensation section and the hot end of the thermoelectric conversion module can be properly controlled, and the test method has wider application range.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the invention is suitable for measuring the normal temperature heat pipe, the medium temperature heat pipe and the high temperature heat pipe, has better effect when measuring the high temperature heat pipe, and has lower requirement on heat preservation and higher test precision when measuring the high temperature heat pipe compared with the traditional test method.
A test method of a heat pipe heat transfer performance test device comprises the following steps:
determining the lengths of an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section according to relevant parameters of a heat pipe to be tested;
determining a temperature measuring point on the heat pipe to be measured and installing a corresponding thermocouple according to the specific condition of the size parameter of the heat pipe, and connecting the temperature measuring point with a temperature measuring system;
step (3) placing the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested in a heating area of heating equipment with matched size and ensuring good contact, and wrapping a heat insulation material on the heat insulation section of the heat pipe and other required parts;
step (4) arranging a thermoelectric conversion module with matched parameters on the condensation section of the heat pipe (if the heat pipe is a cylindrical heat pipe, a transition module is arranged between the condensation section of the heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion module to ensure that the condensation section of the heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion module are in good contact and heat transfer);
connecting data lines of the temperature measuring system and the electrical parameter measuring system with an electronic computer, and opening the electronic computer and corresponding software;
step (6), switching on heating equipment, and setting certain parameters to heat the heat pipe to be measured;
and (7) recording and processing the test data, and calculating to obtain test result data of the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe to be tested.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to realize the measurement of the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe to be tested, and has the advantages of simple test equipment, convenient test, high test precision and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof according to the present invention (the heat pipe is a cylindrical heat pipe).
Wherein the reference numerals explain: 1-heating equipment, 2-a heat pipe to be tested, 3-a thermoelectric conversion module, 4-a cold source system, 5-an electrical parameter measuring system, 6-an electronic computer, 7-a temperature measuring system, 8-a heat insulation material and 9-a transition module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof according to the present invention (the heat pipe is a flat heat pipe and includes a transition module).
Wherein the reference numerals explain: 1-heating equipment, 2-a heat pipe to be tested, 3-a thermoelectric conversion module, 4-a cold source system, 5-an electrical parameter measuring system, 6-an electronic computer, 7-a temperature measuring system, 8-a heat insulation material and 9-a transition module.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof according to the present invention (the heat pipe is a flat heat pipe, and a transition module is omitted).
Wherein the reference numerals explain: 1-heating equipment, 2-a heat pipe to be tested, 3-a thermoelectric conversion module, 4-a cold source system, 5-an electrical parameter measuring system, 6-an electronic computer, 7-a temperature measuring system and 8-a heat insulating material.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a novel heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof, and the heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device comprises a heating device 1, a heat pipe 2 to be tested, a thermoelectric conversion module 3, a cold source system 4, an electrical parameter measuring system 5, an electronic computer 6, a temperature measuring system 7, a heat insulating material 8 and a transition module 9. During testing, heat is firstly transferred from the heating equipment to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested, then transferred from the evaporation section of the heat pipe to the heat insulation section and the condensation section, and then transferred from the condensation section to the transition module and the thermoelectric conversion module, the real-time conversion condition of the thermoelectric conversion module is measured through the electrical parameter measuring system and the electronic computer, so that the heat transfer size and speed can be calculated, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the heat pipe to be tested is measured in real time through the temperature measuring system, and the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe can be calculated by combining the test data and the size parameters of the heat pipe.
In the test, the heat transfer quantity is not calculated by subtracting the heat leakage from the input heat quantity, or the heat transfer quantity is calculated by measuring the mass flow and the temperature change of the cooling medium, but the heat transfer quantity is converted into electric energy by using the thermoelectric conversion module arranged at the condensation section of the heat pipe, and then the heat transfer quantity is calculated by measuring the real-time power generation parameters of the thermoelectric conversion module.
The invention is suitable for measuring the conventional cylindrical heat pipe (the corresponding test system schematic diagram is shown in figure 1) and the flat heat pipe (the corresponding test system schematic diagram is shown in figures 2 and 3, and the transition module is removed in figure 3 compared with figure 2), has better effect when measuring the flat heat pipe, has simpler or even can be omitted when measuring the flat heat pipe, and has the advantages that the condensation section of the heat pipe can be directly contacted with the thermoelectric conversion module and has better contact and heat transfer effects, and is more convenient than the traditional test method.
The invention is suitable for measuring the normal temperature heat pipe, the medium temperature heat pipe and the high temperature heat pipe, has better effect when measuring the high temperature heat pipe, and has lower requirement on heat preservation and higher test precision when measuring the high temperature heat pipe compared with the traditional test method.
A test method of a heat pipe heat transfer performance test device comprises the following test steps:
determining the lengths of an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section according to relevant parameters of a heat pipe to be tested;
determining a temperature measuring point on the heat pipe to be measured and installing a corresponding thermocouple according to the specific condition of the size parameter of the heat pipe, and connecting the temperature measuring point with a temperature measuring system;
step (3) arranging matched heating equipment on the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested, ensuring good contact, and wrapping heat insulation materials on the heat insulation section of the heat pipe and other required parts;
step (4) arranging a thermoelectric conversion module with matched parameters on the condensation section of the heat pipe (if necessary, for example, the heat pipe to be tested is a cylindrical heat pipe, a transition module is arranged between the condensation section of the heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion module to ensure that the condensation section of the heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion module are in good contact and heat transfer);
connecting data lines of the temperature measuring system and the electrical parameter measuring system with an electronic computer, and opening the electronic computer and corresponding software;
step (6), switching on heating equipment, and setting certain parameters to heat the heat pipe to be measured;
and (7) recording and processing the test data, and calculating to obtain test result data of the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe to be tested.
As described above, in the novel heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and the testing method thereof according to the present invention, the heat transfer amount is not calculated by subtracting the leakage heat from the input heat, nor by measuring the mass flow and the temperature change of the cooling medium, but the heat transfer amount is converted into the electric energy by using the thermoelectric conversion module disposed at the condensation section of the heat pipe, and then the heat transfer amount is calculated by measuring the real-time power generation parameters of the thermoelectric conversion module. The temperature of each temperature measuring point of the heat pipe to be measured is measured in real time by the temperature measuring system, so that the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe can be calculated by combining the test data with the size parameters of the heat pipe. The testing device has the advantages of simple equipment, convenience in testing, high testing precision and the like, so that the testing device is wider in adaptability.
Claims (6)
1. A heat pipe heat transfer performance testing device and a testing method thereof comprise a heating device (1), a heat pipe to be tested (2), a thermoelectric conversion module (3), a cold source system (4), an electrical parameter measuring system (5), an electronic computer (6), a temperature measuring system (7), a heat insulating material (8) and a transition module (9). During testing, heat is firstly transferred from the heating equipment to the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested, then transferred from the evaporation section of the heat pipe to the heat insulation section and the condensation section, and then transferred from the condensation section to the transition module and the thermoelectric conversion module, the real-time conversion condition of the thermoelectric conversion module is measured through the electrical parameter measuring system and the electronic computer, so that the heat transfer size and speed can be calculated, the temperature of each temperature measuring point of the heat pipe to be tested is measured in real time through the temperature measuring system, and the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe can be calculated by combining the test data and the size parameters of the heat pipe.
2. A heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during testing, the heat transfer quantity is not calculated by subtracting the heat leakage from the input heat quantity, or the heat transfer quantity is calculated by measuring the mass flow and the temperature change of the cooling medium, but the heat transfer quantity is converted into electric energy by using a thermoelectric conversion module arranged at a condensation section of the heat pipe, and then the heat transfer quantity is calculated by measuring the real-time power generation parameters of the thermoelectric conversion module.
3. A heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device is suitable for measuring conventional cylindrical heat pipes and flat heat pipes, the effect is better when the flat heat pipes are measured, the structure of the transition module is simpler or even can be omitted when the flat heat pipes are measured, the condensation section of the heat pipes can be directly contacted with the thermoelectric conversion module and has better contact effect, and the device is more convenient than the traditional test method.
4. A heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transition module can be an inflatable air gap device with adjustable gas parameters or a pure solid material, and has two main functions, namely, the transition module is simultaneously contacted with the hot ends of the heat pipe condensation section and the thermoelectric conversion module so as to better realize heat transfer, and corresponding thermal resistance can be arranged between the hot ends of the heat pipe condensation section and the thermoelectric conversion module according to requirements, so that the temperature of the hot ends of the heat pipe condensation section and the thermoelectric conversion module can be properly controlled, and the test method has a wider application range.
5. A heat pipe heat transfer performance testing apparatus and a testing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method is suitable for measuring the normal-temperature heat pipe, the medium-temperature heat pipe and the high-temperature heat pipe, has better effect when measuring the high-temperature heat pipe, and has lower requirement on heat preservation and higher test precision when measuring the high-temperature heat pipe compared with the traditional test method.
6. A test method of a heat pipe heat transfer performance test device based on claim 1 comprises the following steps:
determining the lengths of an evaporation section, a heat insulation section and a condensation section according to relevant parameters of a heat pipe to be tested;
determining a temperature measuring point on the heat pipe to be measured and installing a corresponding thermocouple according to the specific condition of the size parameter of the heat pipe, and connecting the temperature measuring point with a temperature measuring system;
step (3) placing the evaporation section of the heat pipe to be tested in a heating area of heating equipment with matched size and ensuring good contact, and wrapping a heat insulation material on the heat insulation section of the heat pipe and other required parts;
step (4) arranging a thermoelectric conversion module with matched parameters on the condensation section of the heat pipe to be tested (if the heat pipe is a cylindrical heat pipe, a transition module is arranged between the condensation section of the heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion module to ensure that the condensation section of the heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion module are in good contact and heat transfer);
connecting data lines of the temperature measuring system and the electrical parameter measuring system with an electronic computer, and opening the electronic computer and corresponding software;
step (6), switching on heating equipment, and setting certain parameters to heat the heat pipe to be measured;
and (7) recording and processing the test data, and calculating to obtain test result data of the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe to be tested.
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Cited By (4)
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CN112415051A (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-02-26 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer performance and failure test experimental device |
CN112946019A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-11 | 凯龙高科技股份有限公司 | Diesel engine tail gas post-treatment heat preservation and heat insulation performance test method |
CN113884535A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-04 | 南通智能感知研究院 | High adaptability heat transfer test device |
CN115524362A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2022-12-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer capability testing device |
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