CN105424745A - High temperature heat pipe measuring device and method - Google Patents
High temperature heat pipe measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105424745A CN105424745A CN201511021581.8A CN201511021581A CN105424745A CN 105424745 A CN105424745 A CN 105424745A CN 201511021581 A CN201511021581 A CN 201511021581A CN 105424745 A CN105424745 A CN 105424745A
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- heat pipe
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention provides a high temperature heat pipe measuring device and method. The device comprises an evaporation section (1), a heat insulation section (2), a condensing section (3), and a thermal couple (4); the evaporation section (1), the heat insulation section (2), and the condensing section (3) are separated from each other, and the thermal couple (4) is attached on the outer wall of a high temperature heat pipe (8) during the process of measurement. The evaporation section, heat insulation section and condensing section can be individually converted into a cylindrical shape and then connected head-to-tail so as to wrap a high temperature heat pipe to be measured, during the process of measurement; thus the outer wall of the high temperature heat pipe contacts the inner walls of the evaporation section, heat insulation section and condensing section; the evaporation section is provided with a heating device (5); the side, which is next to the high temperature heat pipe during the measurement process, of the condensing section is provided with a water cooling sleeve (6); the external sides of the evaporation section, heat insulation section, and condensing section are all provided with an heat insulation layer (7); the water cooling sleeve (6) is provided with a water inlet (62) and a water outlet (63); the water inlet and/or water outlet is provided with a flow meter (64); and the water inlet (62) and water outlet (63) are both provided with a temperature measuring device (65).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hot pipe technique, in particular, relate to a kind of high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism and method.
Background technology
Heat pipe is a kind of high-performance heat transfer components with very strong heat-transfer capability, and its heat-transfer capability is more much higher than metal material, is approximately hundreds of times of copper rod, is therefore with a wide range of applications and huge potentiality to be exploited in field of thermal engineering.Primarily of shell, liquid-sucking core, working medium three part composition on heat pipe structure.Heat pipe can adopt different envelope material and profile according to requirements, selects different working medium and liquid sucting core structure.Heat pipe can be divided into Cryo Heat Tube, moderate temperature heat pipe and high-temperature heat pipe according to working temperature.
High-temperature heat pipe utilizes alkaline metal as working medium, the class heat pipe of working temperature more than 500 DEG C.Because its working temperature is higher, work under bad environment, in use to the reliability of high-temperature heat pipe and security requirement higher.Therefore extremely important with detection to the test of high-temperature heat pipe performance before using.
The proving installation of high-temperature heat pipe and method of testing are the committed steps of an evaluation high-temperature heat pipe heat transfer property quality.The performance evaluation of high-temperature heat pipe generally comprises starting characteristic, isothermal characteristics and steady state heat transfer performance etc.Temperature measuring equipment generally comprises heating part, cooling segment, temperature measurement fraction and tilt adjustment part.
Current high-temperature heat pipe method of testing is generally adopt resistance furnace to heat, and programming rate is slow, can not reflect the operating mode of high-temperature heat pipe when starting fast.And at present in proving installation heat pipe be generally fixed on several angle and test, all operating modes of high-temperature heat pipe at arbitrary angle can not be reflected.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism;
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of testing high-temperature heat pipe.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism, described device comprises: separately independently evaporator section 1, adiabatic section 2 and condensation segment 3 and be attached at the thermopair 4 of high-temperature heat pipe 8 outer wall when measuring, when measuring, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment can form tubular respectively, and order end to end after can by wherein coated for high-temperature heat pipe to be measured, and make the evaporator section of high-temperature heat pipe outer wall and tubular, the inwall of adiabatic section and condensation segment keeps in touch; Evaporator section arranges heating arrangement 5, condensation segment arranges water collar 6 when measuring near the side of high-temperature heat pipe, in the outside of evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment, thermofin 7 is all set, described water collar 6 arranges water inlet 62 and water delivering orifice 63, at water inlet and/or water delivering orifice, flowmeter 63 is set, and temperature measuring equipment 64 is set respectively at water inlet 62 and water delivering orifice 63, thermopair 4 is electrically connected with temperature collect module 9.
Wherein be understandable that, described respective independently evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment refer to that evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment are independent integers separately, and non-integral.
Wherein be understandable that, the inside surface of evaporator section when described attaching refers to measurement, adiabatic section and condensation segment when measuring and high-temperature heat pipe outer wall attach; Namely good contact is kept, so that heat transfer.
Wherein will also be appreciated that described attaching not has no the absolute attaching in gap, it is also acceptable that the inside surface of evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment and heat pipe outer wall exist certain gap.
Wherein be understandable that, when measuring, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment can form tubular respectively, refer to for the ease of high-temperature heat pipe is wherein coated, realize the heat transfer of evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment and high-temperature heat pipe, when measuring, evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment are tubular, and to ensure high-temperature heat pipe outer wall and evaporator section, the inside surface of adiabatic section and condensation segment attaches.
Those skilled in the art it will also be appreciated that, in order to when realizing described measurement, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment can form tubular respectively, evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment can be soft flaky material, high-temperature heat pipe outer wall can be wrapped in when measuring, thus form " tubular ";
And according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment are tubular, its internal diameter and high-temperature heat pipe external diameter to be measured match.That is, evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment are directly processed into tubular.
Wherein be understandable that, described order is end to end refers to that evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment can form an entirety thus high-temperature heat pipe is wherein coated, with the thermal loss in avoiding measuring.
Those skilled in the art will also be appreciated that end to end not evaporator section described here, have no hole between adiabatic section and condensation segment, and the thermal loss in fact existed between three caused by certain gap is also acceptable.
Head and the tail described here, refer to along high-temperature heat pipe length direction, the limit that adjacent evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment contact with each other.
Wherein be understandable that, described heating arrangement can be the multiple conventional heating device in this area, such as Resistant heating, and according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described heating arrangement 5 is load coil.
Wherein be understandable that, described thermopair quantity should be able to ensure evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment three part thermometric accurate, according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described thermopair is 4-12.
According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described adiabatic section 2 entirety is thermofin.
Evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment length can be 4-6:4-6:4-6, and according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation Length Ratio are 4:5:6.
According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described device also comprises vertically disposed swivel plate 11, swivel plate is arranged the stationary installation 12 for clamping high-temperature heat pipe, swivel plate is rotatable to be fixed on whirligig 13, and whirligig is fixed on base 14.
Described whirligig is this area conventional equipment, namely can be the device of another rotary motion vertical with its turning axle direction by the converting rotary motion in a direction, as being the rotation of swivel plate by rocking arm and gear by the rotational translation of rocking arm, the structure of this device is well known to those skilled in the art, and according to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, described whirligig is dividing head.
On the other hand, present invention also offers the method for the high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism test high-temperature heat pipe of application described in any one of the present invention, described method comprises: thermopair 4 is fixedly attached at corresponding evaporator section 1 at least respectively along high-temperature heat pipe length direction, with the high-temperature heat pipe outer wall of condensation segment 3, and respectively at evaporator section 1, adiabatic section 2 and condensation segment 3 are equidistantly arranged along heat pipe length direction separately, by evaporator section 1, adiabatic section 2 and condensation segment 3 are set in outside high-temperature heat pipe in order, in water collar 6, chilled water is injected by water inlet 62, and carry out following high-temperature heat pipe test respectively:
(1) startability is tested: start heating arrangement 5, the temperature gathered by the thermopair of evaporator section before and after record heating, and records the time that to be evaporated section of temperature rising reaches steady state (SS);
(2) isothermal performance test: after high-temperature heat pipe evaporator section reaches steady state (SS), the temperature that record is gathered by the thermopair of evaporator section and condensation segment respectively, and calculated difference; Be preferably the respective temperature averages by evaporator section and condensation segment, carry out calculated difference;
(3) steady state heat transfer performance test: after evaporator section reaches steady state (SS), the cooling water flow M of the flowmeter 63 of record condensation segment 3, units/kg/s, water inlet 62 temperature T
1with water delivering orifice 63 temperature T
2, unit DEG C, and by the heat flux Q of following formulae discovery high-temperature heat pipe transmission
c:
Q
c＝Q
w＝M×c
p×(T
2-T
1)
Wherein Q
wfor the heat that the chilled water unit interval is taken away; Cp is chilled water specific heat capacity, unit J/kg DEG C.
" reaching steady state (SS) " of the present invention, refer to when evaporator section temperature changed in 10 minutes be no more than 1 DEG C time, namely think evaporator section temperature raise reach steady state (SS), namely heat pipe reaches steady-working state.
According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, thermopair 4 is attached at the high-temperature heat pipe outer wall of corresponding evaporator section and condensation segment respectively uniformly, and attaches along high-temperature heat pipe length direction, preferably attaches along straight line and arranges.
Wherein also preferably respectively attach 2-3 thermopair at evaporator section and condensation segment.
According to other specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, thermopair 4 is attached at the high-temperature heat pipe outer wall of corresponding evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment respectively uniformly, and attaches along high-temperature heat pipe length direction, preferably attaches along straight line and arranges.
Wherein also preferably respectively attach 2-3 thermopair at evaporator section and condensation segment.
Described attaching can be the attaching mode of this area routine, and as bonding, welding etc., the present invention is preferably welding.
According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein, when described high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism also comprises swivel plate 11, described method also comprise by high-temperature heat pipe respectively with level 0 °, just put 45 °, just put 90 °, be inverted 45 ° and be inverted 90 ° of placements, and carry out high-temperature heat pipe test respectively.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism and method.Device tool of the present invention has the following advantages: the device efficiency of heating surface of the present invention is high, and heating power is adjustable, adjustable high-temperature heat pipe is tested under arbitrary angle, can pyrometry heat pipe sizes scope wide, Range of measuring temp is wide, and structure is simple, safe and reliable, easy to use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism (illustrate only evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment) of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the entirety of the measurement mechanism of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the measurement result of embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Describe the beneficial effect of implementation process of the present invention and generation below by way of specific embodiment in detail, be intended to help reader to understand essence of the present invention and feature better, not as can the restriction of practical range to this case.
Embodiment 1
Test heat pipe sizes is Φ 40mm × 300mm, and material at high temperature alloy, shell thickness 4mm, working medium is Alkali-Metal Na, and liquid-sucking core is 1 layer of 100 height of eye temperature alloy silk screen.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, test condition is select cylindric evaporator section 1 (length 80mm), adiabatic section 2 length (100mm), condensation segment 3 (length 120mm), the internal diameter of three sections is 40mm, in evaporator section, pars intramuralis arranges load coil 5, heating power 15KW.Condensation segment inwall is water collar 6, and water collar arranges water inlet 62 and water delivering orifice 63, arranges flowmeter 64 at water inlet, and all arranges temperature measuring equipment 65 at water inlet and water delivering orifice.
Get 6 thermopairs, linearly (high-temperature heat pipe length direction) is welded on the position of the corresponding evaporator section of heat pipe, adiabatic section and condensation segment respectively, and respectively evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment length etc. point are arranged, as 1/3 and 2/3 place being arranged on evaporator section length (instant heating length of tube direction) of evaporator section.Evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment order are enclosed within outside high-temperature heat pipe.
The high-temperature heat pipe of sheathed evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment is fixed on swivel plate 11, by control dividing head regulate high-temperature heat pipe placement angle to be respectively just to put 90 °, just put 45 °, level 0 °, be inverted 45 °, be inverted 90 °.And high-temperature heat pipe be in above-mentioned each take measurement of an angle time, test respectively:
Start load coil, and continually in water collar, pass into chilled water, by temperature collect module 9 (dotted line in Fig. 1 be electrical connection) by the real time temperature record of individual point for measuring temperature and storage in a computer.Measurement result is as shown in table 1 and Fig. 3.
(1) high-temperature heat pipe starting characteristic
The starting characteristic of high-temperature heat pipe was evaluated by start-up time.Refer to start-up time to evaporator section heating and start working to heat pipe, evaporator section temperature no longer raises the time reaching steady state (SS).Generally, when evaporator section temperature changed in 10 minutes be no more than 1 DEG C time, namely think that heat pipe reaches steady-working state.Heat pipe is relevant with factors such as heat pipe self performance, heating power, inclination angles for start-up time.Start-up time is shorter, and heat pipe startability is better.
(2) high-temperature heat pipe isothermal performance
High-temperature heat pipe isothermal characteristics is by evaporator section during heat pipe steady operation and the maximum temperature difference evaluation of condensation segment.In order to evaluation result is more scientific and reduce error, the difference of evaporator section medial temperature and condensation segment medial temperature is adopted to evaluate.
(3) high-temperature heat pipe steady state heat transfer performance
The steady state heat transfer characteristic of high-temperature heat pipe is evaluated by conductive heat flow amount.The heat that the conductive heat flow amount of heat pipe can be absorbed by evaporator section or be condensed into the heat two kinds of methods spread out of and calculate, the present invention is calculated by the heat measured condensation segment and spread out of.During heat pipe steady operation, electric energy conversion is the evaporator section that heat energy is delivered to heat pipe by induction heating apparatus by heat, heat is again by phase transformation and the flowing of inside heat pipe working medium, heat is delivered to condensation segment from evaporator section, heat is delivered to the water collar be enclosed within outside it by radiation and convection current at condensation segment, cooling water temperature is raised.In hypothesis test, insulation material can completely isolated heat pipe and extraneous heat transfer, then the heat of heat pipe transmission equals the heat that chilled water is taken away, that is:
Q
c＝Q
w＝M×c
p×(T
2-T
1)
In formula: Q
c: the heat flux of high-temperature heat pipe transmission, unit watt (W);
Q
w: the heat that the chilled water unit interval is taken away, unit watt (W);
M: cooling water flow, unit kilogram (kg/s) per second;
C
p: chilled water specific heat capacity, units of joules every kilogram degree Celsius (J/ (kg DEG C));
T
1: cooling water inlet temperature, degrees Celsius (DEG C);
T
2: cooling water outlet temperature, degrees Celsius (DEG C).
Table 1
Note: specific heat of water holds for 4.2kJ/ (kg DEG C).
Claims (10)
1. a high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that, described device comprises: separately independently evaporator section (1), adiabatic section (2) and condensation segment (3) and be attached at the thermopair (4) of high-temperature heat pipe (8) outer wall when measurement, when measuring, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment can form tubular respectively, and order end to end after can by wherein coated for high-temperature heat pipe to be measured, and make the evaporator section of high-temperature heat pipe outer wall and tubular, the inwall of adiabatic section and condensation segment keeps in touch; Evaporator section arranges heating arrangement (5), condensation segment arranges water collar (6) when measuring near the side of high-temperature heat pipe, in the outside of evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment, thermofin (7) is all set, described water collar (6) arranges water inlet (62) and water delivering orifice (63), at water inlet and/or water delivering orifice, flowmeter (64) is set, and temperature measuring equipment (65) is set respectively at water inlet (62) and water delivering orifice (63), thermopair (4) is electrically connected with temperature collect module (9).
2. high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation segment are tubular, and its internal diameter and high-temperature heat pipe external diameter to be measured match.
3. high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heating arrangement (5) is load coil.
4. high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thermopair is 4-12.
5. high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adiabatic section (2) entirety is thermofin.
6. high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described evaporator section, adiabatic section and condensation Length Ratio are 4:5:6.
7. the high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 1 ~ 6 any one, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises vertically disposed swivel plate (11), swivel plate is arranged the stationary installation (12) for clamping high-temperature heat pipe, swivel plate is rotatable to be fixed on whirligig (13), and whirligig is fixed on base (14).
8. high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described whirligig is dividing head.
9. an application rights requires that the method for high-temperature heat pipe tested by the high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism described in 1 ~ 8 any one, it is characterized in that, described method comprises: thermopair (4) is fixedly attached at corresponding evaporator section (1) at least respectively along high-temperature heat pipe length direction, with the high-temperature heat pipe outer wall of condensation segment (3), and respectively in evaporator section (1), adiabatic section (2) and condensation segment (3) are equidistantly arranged along heat pipe length direction separately, by evaporator section (1), adiabatic section (2) and condensation segment (3) are set in outside high-temperature heat pipe in order, in water collar (6), chilled water is injected by water inlet (62), and carry out following high-temperature heat pipe test respectively:
(1) startability is tested: start heating arrangement (5), the temperature gathered by the thermopair of evaporator section before and after record heating, and records the time that to be evaporated section of temperature rising reaches steady state (SS);
(2) isothermal performance test: after high-temperature heat pipe evaporator section reaches steady state (SS), the temperature that record is gathered by the thermopair of evaporator section and condensation segment respectively, and calculated difference; Be preferably the respective temperature averages by evaporator section and condensation segment, carry out calculated difference;
(3) steady state heat transfer performance test: after evaporator section reaches steady state (SS), the cooling water flow M of the flowmeter (63) of record condensation segment (3), units/kg/s, water inlet (62) temperature T
1with water delivering orifice (63) temperature T
2, unit DEG C, and by the heat flux Q of following formulae discovery high-temperature heat pipe transmission
c:
Q
c＝Q
w＝M×c
p×(T
2-T
1)
Wherein Q
wfor the heat that the chilled water unit interval is taken away; Cp is chilled water specific heat capacity, unit J/ (kg DEG C).
10. the method for test high-temperature heat pipe according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, when described high-temperature heat pipe measurement mechanism also comprises swivel plate (11), described method also comprise by high-temperature heat pipe respectively with level 0 °, just put 45 °, just put 90 °, be inverted 45 ° and be inverted 90 ° of placements, and carry out high-temperature heat pipe test respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511021581.8A CN105424745A (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | High temperature heat pipe measuring device and method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511021581.8A CN105424745A (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | High temperature heat pipe measuring device and method |
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| CN110849761A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for testing heat transfer performance of high-temperature heat pipe |
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| CN114740040A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Heat pipe phase interface visualization experiment section and experiment method under swing condition |
| CN115406931A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 成都理工大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer limit experimental device and method with convenient temperature measurement box |
| CN115524362A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2022-12-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer capability testing device |
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| US20190053331A1 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-02-14 | Wuhu Aldoc Technology Co., Ltd. | Heating component |
| WO2018120036A1 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 芜湖艾尔达科技有限责任公司 | Heating assembly |
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| CN110836725A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2020-02-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-probe heat flow meter in high heat flow coupling environment and method for measuring heat flow density thereof |
| CN110133039A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-16 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of pilot system for the test of parallel axes rotating heat pipe heat transfer property |
| CN110849761B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-11-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for testing heat transfer performance of high-temperature heat pipe |
| CN110849761A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for testing heat transfer performance of high-temperature heat pipe |
| CN110988022A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Sleeve type cooling water jacket structure and gravity assisted heat pipe detection device and detection method |
| CN110988022B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2022-08-05 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Sleeve type cooling water jacket structure and gravity assisted heat pipe detection device and detection method |
| CN111103323A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-05-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-rotation-speed axial rotation heat pipe performance testing device and working method thereof |
| CN111595901A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-28 | 北京科技大学 | Device and method for measuring heat conductivity coefficient of refractory material |
| CN112415051B (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-10-22 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer performance and failure test experimental device |
| CN112415051A (en) * | 2020-11-21 | 2021-02-26 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer performance and failure test experimental device |
| CN114740040A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Heat pipe phase interface visualization experiment section and experiment method under swing condition |
| CN114740040B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-12-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Heat pipe phase interface visualization experiment section and experiment method under swing condition |
| CN115406931A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 成都理工大学 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer limit experimental device and method with convenient temperature measurement box |
| US11892380B1 (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-02-06 | Chengdu University Of Technology | Heat transfer limit experimental device of high-temperature heat pipe equipped with convenient temperature measurement box and method |
| CN115524362A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2022-12-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer capability testing device |
| CN115524362B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-temperature heat pipe heat transfer capacity testing device |
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