CN111334796B - Method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, and method for manufacturing hot stamped member - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, and method for manufacturing hot stamped member Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111334796B
CN111334796B CN202010208824.3A CN202010208824A CN111334796B CN 111334796 B CN111334796 B CN 111334796B CN 202010208824 A CN202010208824 A CN 202010208824A CN 111334796 B CN111334796 B CN 111334796B
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hot
hot stamping
temperature
strip steel
steel
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CN111334796A (en
Inventor
徐德超
李学涛
罗新龙
滕华湘
赵海峰
王彭涛
张博明
蒋光锐
李润昌
王海全
巫雪松
鲍成人
徐海卫
张环宇
李研
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BEIJING SHOUGANG HUAXIA ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Shougang Group Co Ltd
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Shougang Group Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
    • B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, steel for hot stamping and a method for manufacturing hot stamping parts, which can effectively reduce surface cracks caused by liquid metal embrittlement in a hot stamping process and improve the strength of the steel. A method of manufacturing steel for hot stamping, comprising: pre-plating nickel on a strip steel substrate by an electroplating process to pre-plate an electroplated nickel layer on the surface of the strip steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the electroplated nickel layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm; and carrying out annealing galvanizing treatment on the strip steel substrate, and forming a zinc-based coating on the surface of the strip steel substrate to obtain the steel for hot stamping, wherein the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 micrometers.

Description

Method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, and method for manufacturing hot stamped member
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coating, in particular to a method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, steel for hot stamping and a method for manufacturing a hot stamping part.
Background
The use of high strength and ultra-high strength steel has positive and effective effect to the car automobile body lightweight, but along with the steel intensity for the automobile body constantly improves, its plasticity appears and drops by a wide margin, formability greatly reduced, easily produces fracture and resilience in the forming process, seriously influences the shape and the size precision of part. The hot stamping forming technology utilizes the characteristic of easy forming without resilience at high temperature and the quenching and cooling of a die, can obtain ultrahigh-strength parts more than 1300MPa, and can well solve the problems of easy cracking, serious resilience and the like of cold forming.
A large amount of surface oxide skin can be produced in the heating process of a traditional non-plating hot stamping part, the service life of a die is shortened, and meanwhile, the die needs to be cleaned regularly, so that the production efficiency is reduced. In addition, at present, the use of high-strength steel alloy elements is easy to form metal oxides on the surface of steel, so that the wettability and the platability of the surface of the steel are reduced, the phenomena of plating leakage, poor quality of a plating layer, falling off of the plating layer and the like are generated on the surface of the galvanized strip steel, and the yield of products is seriously influenced.
In order to avoid the generation of oxide skin and decarburization on the surface of a steel plate for hot stamping and ensure high corrosion resistance of the steel plate for hot stamping, at present, a part for steel for hot stamping adopts a steel plate with a zinc-based coating, so that the surface oxidation and decarburization in the heating process can be prevented, a shot blasting process is not needed subsequently, a sacrificial anode protection effect can be provided, and the corrosion resistance after painting is improved. However, the zinc-based plated steel sheet for hot stamping has a problem that zinc liquefied at a high temperature of 900 ℃ causes Embrittlement of the steel sheet, i.e., LME (Liquid Metal Embrittlement) during a hot stamping process, and a part is easily cracked on the surface and spread to a base body during a press forming process at about 700 ℃ or more, thereby causing a decrease in strength, and the like, thereby affecting the use of the steel sheet.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, steel for hot stamping and a method for manufacturing a hot stamping part, which can effectively reduce surface cracks caused by liquid metal embrittlement in a hot stamping process and improve the strength of the steel.
In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, including:
pre-plating nickel on a strip steel substrate by an electroplating process to pre-plate an electroplated nickel layer on the surface of the strip steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the electroplated nickel layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm;
and carrying out annealing galvanizing treatment on the strip steel substrate, and forming a zinc-based coating on the surface of the strip steel substrate to obtain the steel for hot stamping, wherein the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 μm.
Optionally, the strip steel substrate includes, in weight percent, C: 0.05-0.40%, Si: 0.2% -2.0%, Al: 0.02% -2.0%, Mn: 0.5-4.0%, Cr: 0.01% -0.7%, Mo: 0.01% -0.7%, B: 0.001-0.005%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, wherein, less than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 1.4 percent of (Cr + Mo); in addition, Ti: 0.02% -0.15%, Nb: 0.02% -0.15%, V: 0.02-0.15 percent of any one or a plurality of combinations, 0.03 percent to less than or equal to (Ti + Nb + V) to less than or equal to 0.45 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Optionally, the annealing and galvanizing treatment of the strip steel substrate includes:
and performing coating hot galvanizing annealing on the strip steel substrate, controlling the continuous annealing temperature to be 720-850 ℃, cooling to the hot dipping temperature at 5-50 ℃/s, performing hot dipping zinc in a zinc pot, wherein the temperature of the zinc pot is 400-520 ℃, the hot dipping time is 2-20 s, and cooling to the temperature below 200 ℃ at 10-50 ℃/s after the hot dipping.
Optionally, before the nickel pre-plating treatment is performed on the strip steel substrate through the electroplating process, the method further includes:
smelting and casting a cast steel raw material to obtain a casting blank, heating the casting blank, then carrying out hot rolling, taking out the casting blank from a furnace at the temperature of 1100-1280 ℃, carrying out hot rolling at the hot rolling finishing temperature of 750-920 ℃ and the hot rolling coiling temperature of 500-700 ℃ to obtain a hot rolled coil, carrying out acid pickling after the hot rolling, and carrying out cold rolling at the reduction of 40-80% to obtain the strip steel substrate.
Optionally, the cold rolling with the reduction of 40% to 80% comprises:
cold rolling is carried out with the reduction of 40-75 percent.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a method for manufacturing a hot stamped component, including:
placing the steel for hot stamping manufactured by the method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to the first aspect in a hot stamping die, and heating to a hot stamping heat treatment temperature to obtain a heated blank, wherein the hot stamping heat treatment temperature is in a range of 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃, a heating rate between room temperature and 430 ℃ is in a range of 2 ℃/s to 12 ℃/s, and a heating rate between 430 ℃ and the hot stamping heat treatment temperature is in a range of 3 ℃/s to 20 ℃/s;
and carrying out stamping forming treatment on the blank according to the hot stamping forming temperature to obtain a target component, wherein the hot stamping forming temperature is within the range of 600-800 ℃.
Optionally, the hot stamping forming temperature is 640-740 ℃, the production efficiency can be effectively improved, and the optimal mechanical property can be obtained.
Optionally, the performing press forming processing on the blank according to the hot press forming temperature to obtain a target component includes:
and carrying out stamping forming on the blank according to the hot stamping forming temperature, and cooling to a die opening temperature to obtain a target component, wherein the die opening temperature is less than or equal to 400 ℃.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a steel for hot stamping, including:
a strip steel substrate;
the nickel electroplating layer is formed on the surface of the strip steel substrate in an electroplating mode, and the thickness of the nickel electroplating layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm;
and the zinc-based coating is formed on the surface of the electroplated nickel layer through an annealing galvanizing process, and the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 micrometers.
Optionally, the strip steel substrate includes, in weight percent, C: 0.05-0.40%, Si: 0.2% -2.0%, Al: 0.02% -2.0%, Mn: 0.5-4.0%, Cr: 0.01% -0.7%, Mo: 0.01% -0.7%, B: 0.001-0.005%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, wherein, less than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 1.4 percent of (Cr + Mo); in addition, Ti: 0.02% -0.15%, Nb: 0.02% -0.15%, V: 0.02-0.15 percent of any one or a plurality of combinations, 0.03 percent to less than or equal to (Ti + Nb + V) to less than or equal to 0.45 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one or more of the following technical effects:
in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, firstly, nickel pre-plating treatment is carried out on the strip steel substrate through an electroplating process, so that an electroplated nickel layer is pre-plated on the surface of the strip steel substrate, the thickness of the electroplated nickel layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm, then annealing zinc plating treatment is carried out on the strip steel substrate, and the hot stamping steel is obtained after a zinc-based plating layer is formed on the surface of the strip steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the zinc-based plating layer is within the range of 3 mu m-30 mu m. Therefore, the part of the coating layer in the obtained steel for hot stamping, which is close to the strip steel substrate, is composed of the zinc-nickel alloy layer, and the melting point of Ni is higher, so that the melting point of the coating layer close to the strip steel substrate is higher than 800 ℃, and further, liquid zinc generated in the hot stamping heating process can be effectively reduced, the risk of matrix grain boundary cracking caused by liquid zinc phase induction in the hot stamping forming process is further reduced, the crack propagation depth is reduced, and the surface quality of a part formed by hot stamping is improved.
And the preplated electroplated nickel layer can effectively inhibit silicon and manganese elements from enriching to the surface in the galvanizing annealing process, high-strength steel is prevented from directly contacting with molten zinc, and elements such as silicon or manganese in the steel enter the molten zinc to influence the galvanizing effect, and the amount of nickel elements entering the molten zinc is very small, so that impurities brought into the molten zinc by the strip steel are reduced, the bare dew point of the coating is avoided, the surface quality and appearance of the coating are improved, the coating with excellent performance is obtained, plating leakage caused by oxidation of the surface of the strip steel can be reduced, and further the hot stamping steel with less surface plating leakage and high welding strength of a spot welding part is provided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the results of glow spectroscopy analysis of the coating layer in the steel for hot stamping before hot stamping according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the results of glow spectroscopy analysis of the coating of a target part after hot stamping according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph after hot stamping according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, steel for hot stamping and a method for manufacturing a hot stamping part, which can effectively reduce surface cracks caused by liquid metal embrittlement in a hot stamping process and improve the strength of the steel. The method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping includes: pre-plating nickel on a strip steel substrate by an electroplating process to pre-plate an electroplated nickel layer on the surface of the strip steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the electroplated nickel layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm; and carrying out annealing galvanizing treatment on the strip steel substrate, and forming a zinc-based coating on the surface of the strip steel substrate to obtain the steel for hot stamping, wherein the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 μm.
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and examples of the present invention are described in detail in the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited to the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features in the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The term "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s101: pre-plating nickel on a strip steel substrate by an electroplating process to pre-plate an electroplated nickel layer on the surface of the strip steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the electroplated nickel layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm;
s102: and carrying out annealing galvanizing treatment on the strip steel substrate, and forming a zinc-based coating on the surface of the strip steel substrate to obtain the steel for hot stamping, wherein the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 μm.
Specifically, in the present example, in order to produce a hot stamping steel having a good quality and in which cracks are not easily generated in the hot stamping process, it is first necessary to identify a strip substrate on which a plating layer is to be formed, and the strip substrate can be formed by performing smelting, casting, hot rolling, pickling and cold rolling. Specifically, a cast steel raw material is smelted and cast to obtain a cast blank, the cast blank is heated and then is subjected to hot rolling, the tapping temperature is in the range of 1100-1280 ℃, the hot rolling finishing temperature is 750-920 ℃, the hot rolling coiling temperature is 500-700 ℃, a hot rolled coil is obtained, the hot rolled coil is subjected to acid cleaning, and the cold rolled coil is subjected to cold rolling with the reduction of 40-80%, so that the strip steel substrate is obtained.
Specifically, in the embodiment, because the C content of the steel-strip substrate is high, the rolling mill is easily overloaded due to cold rolling reduction, the welding problem in the nickel-plating, zinc-plating and annealing process is outstanding, and the grain size is controlled to meet the mechanical property requirement in order to ensure the equivalent reduction, the reduction is preferably less than 80%, and more preferably 40-75%.
Further, in the present example, the composition of the strip substrate is limited in order to improve the surface quality of the strip substrate. Specifically, the strip steel substrate comprises carbon C: 0.05-0.40%, Si: 0.2-2.0%, Al: 0.02% -2.0%, Mn: 0.5-4.0%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.7 percent of molybdenum Mo: 0.01 to 0.7 percent, boron B: 0.001-0.005%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, phosphorus P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, oxygen O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, wherein, less than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 1.4 percent of (Cr + Mo); in addition, titanium Ti: 0.02-0.15%, Nb: 0.02-0.15%, V: 0.02-0.15 percent of any one or a plurality of combinations, 0.03 percent to less than or equal to (Ti + Nb + V) to less than or equal to 0.45 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Particularly, C in the strip steel substrate is the most effective and cheapest solid solution strengthening element, and the strength grade of the steel for hot stamping can be effectively ensured. Meanwhile, C is an austenite stabilizing element, which can most effectively stabilize austenite, and in this embodiment, 0.05% to 0.40% of C is added to the strip steel substrate to ensure the strength of the strip steel.
Wherein Si in the strip steel substrate is a ferrite-forming element, and Si atoms are dissolved in ferrite when the hot stamping steel is heated to an austenite region (γ) and kept warm. The dissolution of Si in ferrite improves the activity of C atoms, promotes the outward diffusion of the C atoms in the ferrite, increases the carbon content in the surrounding austenite, and increases the stability of the austenite along with the increase of the carbon content in the austenite. In the cooling process, Si suppresses precipitation of carbides and ensures that a certain amount of retained austenite exists in the structure, so that 0.2 to 2.0 percent of Si is added to the strip steel substrate in the embodiment.
The plasticity of the Al element in the strip steel substrate can be improved, the driving force for transforming austenite to bainite can be increased, the speed for forming bainite is increased, the activity of C atoms in ferrite is obviously increased, the forming of cementite can be inhibited, the carbon content in austenite is further increased, and the content of residual austenite is effectively improved, so that 0.02% -2.0% of Al is added into the strip steel substrate in the embodiment.
The Mn in the strip steel substrate is used for increasing an austenite area, reducing austenitizing temperature, improving hardenability and reducing hot stamping temperature, so that cracks of the hot stamping steel caused by high temperature in a hot stamping process can be reduced, and 0.5-4.0% of Mn is added into the strip steel substrate in the embodiment.
Further, in the strip substrate, Cr can significantly increase hardenability, Mo can refine grains of steel and improve hardenability, Nb, Ti, V and C, N combine to form precipitates mainly for refining austenite grains, and a small amount of B ensures sufficiently good hardenability, so that, in the present embodiment, the strip substrate contains Cr: 0.01% -0.7%, Mo: 0.01% -0.7%, B: 0.001-0.005% of these three elements, specifically, Ti: 0.02% -0.15%, Nb: 0.02% -0.15%, V: one or any combination of the three elements in 0.02-0.15 percent can be selected, but the total content of Ti, Nb and V is more than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 0.45 percent, namely the total content of Ti, Nb and V is within the range of 0.03-0.45 percent.
P is easy to form micro segregation when molten steel is solidified, and then the micro segregation is deviated to a grain boundary when the molten steel is heated at a temperature after austenite, so that the brittleness of the steel is obviously increased, and the hydrogen-induced delayed fracture sensitivity is improved. Therefore, the P content is controlled to be 0.01% or less.
S is an inevitable impurity, forms MnS inclusions and segregates at grain boundaries to deteriorate toughness of the steel, thereby reducing toughness and plasticity of the steel and increasing hydrogen-induced delayed fracture sensitivity. Therefore, the S content is controlled to 0.01% or less.
N combines with Al, Ti, Nb, V, etc. to form a compound, thereby refining grains and reducing hydrogen-induced delayed fracture sensitivity, but also segregates grain boundaries to reduce grain boundary strength. Therefore, the N content is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent.
O is a harmful gas and affects the hydrogen-induced delayed fracture sensitivity, and may form coarse alumina inclusions with aluminum, deteriorating the toughness of steel. The O content is controlled to be below 0.003 percent by various means.
In addition to the above elements, the remaining elements of the strip steel substrate are iron and other inevitable impurities.
After the strip steel substrate containing the corresponding elements in each weight ratio is obtained through the steelmaking process, or after the strip steel substrate containing the elements is directly obtained by other methods, a nickel plating pretreatment process is carried out on the strip steel substrate, and mainly the impurities such as grease, residual iron and the like on the surface of the strip steel substrate after acid rolling are removed, so that the surface of the strip steel substrate is kept clean, and the nickel preplating process is convenient.
After the strip steel substrate is prepared, step S101 is performed to perform a nickel pre-plating process on the strip steel substrate.
Specifically, after the strip steel substrate passes through two insoluble anodes, the strip steel substrate is connected with a cathode, nickel ions in electroplating solution are deposited on the strip steel substrate under the action of an electric field between the anodes and the cathode to form an electroplated nickel layer, and the nickel preplated strip steel is obtained.
After step S101 is performed, step S102 is performed to perform an annealing zinc plating process to form a zinc-based plating layer having a thickness in a range of 3 to 30 μm on the surface of the steel-bearing substrate. Specifically, the strip steel substrate is subjected to coating hot galvanizing annealing, the continuous annealing temperature is controlled to be 720-850 ℃, the strip steel substrate is cooled to the hot dipping temperature at 5-50 ℃/s and then is subjected to hot dipping zinc in a zinc pot, the temperature of the zinc pot is 400-520 ℃, the hot dipping time is 2-20 s, and the strip steel substrate is cooled to be below 200 ℃ at 10-50 ℃/s after the hot dipping, so that a zinc-based coating with the thickness of 3-30 mu m can be formed on the surface of the strip steel substrate, and then the strip steel substrate is subjected to finishing, drawing and straightening to adjust the shape of the strip steel substrate, and then the strip steel substrate is coiled to form the steel for hot stamping.
Further, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the production efficiency, the high-strength steel strip substrate is always in a continuous state in the nickel pre-plating process and the annealing and galvanizing process by means of a special high-strength steel production line.
Repeated research is carried out to solve the problem of surface LME of the high-strength strip steel in hot stamping. The result shows that selective oxidation of the strip steel substrate in the annealing process can be avoided and the surface quality of the coating can be improved by pre-plating the nickel-plating layer before the annealing process. And the part of the plating layer close to the matrix is composed of a Zn-Ni alloy layer, and the melting point of the plating layer is higher than 800 ℃, so that the generation of liquid zinc in the hot stamping and heating process can be effectively reduced, the risk of matrix grain boundary cracking caused by the liquid zinc phase in the hot stamping forming process is reduced, the crack propagation depth is reduced, and the surface quality of the part formed by hot stamping is improved. Therefore, the steel for hot stamping with the zinc-based plating layer of the nickel preplating manufactured by the embodiment is suitable for the direct hot stamping forming process and the indirect hot stamping forming process, so that parts with complex shapes can be produced, and the galvanized steel sheet for hot stamping with the obviously greatly reduced surface plating leakage and high welding strength of spot welding parts can be provided.
According to the steel for hot stamping of the zinc-based plating layer with the nickel pre-plating manufactured by the method, the nickel pre-plating metal layer can effectively inhibit Si and Mn elements from enriching towards the surface in the galvanizing annealing process, the direct contact between high-strength steel and zinc liquid and the entering of elements such as silicon or manganese in the steel into the zinc liquid to influence the galvanizing effect are avoided, the amount of nickel elements entering the zinc liquid is very small, so that impurities brought into the zinc liquid by strip steel are reduced, the occurrence of bare dew point of the plating layer is avoided, the surface quality and appearance of the plating layer are improved, and the plating layer with excellent performance is obtained.
In addition, in the embodiment, the composition design is carried out again on the strip steel substrate, and the influence of elements such as Mn, Cr, Mo and the like on austenitizing and transformation temperature and the influence of Si and Al on austenite stability are utilized, so that the limitation on the hot stamping temperature is reduced, the LME problem is further alleviated, and the final mechanical property of the hot stamping steel is improved. The nickel layer is electroplated, and the problems of serious reduction of platability and the like caused by Mn and Si elements are solved. The design of adding alloy components for achieving excellent mechanical properties is the most important creative work of the invention, and the surface deterioration problem caused by the design is supplemented with the surface quality problem of the plating layer solved by the electroplated nickel layer. The invention has simple process for obtaining excellent performance, does not need to change the prior hot stamping treatment process, and has wide industrial practical application prospect.
A second embodiment of the present application provides a hot stamped component manufacturing method, including:
placing the steel for hot stamping manufactured by the method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to the first aspect in a hot stamping die, and heating to a hot stamping heat treatment temperature to obtain a heated blank, wherein the hot stamping heat treatment temperature is in a range of 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃, a heating rate between room temperature and 430 ℃ is in a range of 2 ℃/s to 12 ℃/s, and a heating rate between 430 ℃ and the hot stamping heat treatment temperature is in a range of 3 ℃/s to 20 ℃/s;
and carrying out stamping forming treatment on the blank according to the hot stamping forming temperature to obtain a target part, wherein the hot stamping forming temperature is in the range of 600-800 ℃, and the hot stamping forming temperature is 640-740 ℃, so that the production efficiency can be effectively improved, and the optimal mechanical property can be obtained.
Wherein, the stamping and forming processing is carried out on the blank according to the hot stamping and forming temperature to obtain the target component, and the method comprises the following steps: and carrying out stamping forming on the blank according to the hot stamping forming temperature, and cooling to a die opening temperature to obtain a target component, wherein the die opening temperature is less than or equal to 400 ℃.
Experiments prove that the component manufactured by hot stamping in the embodiment has the defects that the liquid metal is brittle, so that cracks are expanded to the depth of the substrate which is less than or equal to 10 mu m, and the content of Fe in the coating is more than 50 percent.
Specifically, in conjunction with the foregoing first embodiment, this embodiment provides a hot stamped component manufacturing method to produce a target component. The method of manufacturing the hot stamped part in this embodiment is described in detail below in 3 full embodiments.
Example 1:
firstly, manufacturing a strip steel substrate, wherein the strip steel substrate comprises the following components in percentage by weight (wt%): c: 0.22, Si: 0.43, Al: 0.9, Mn: 2.3, Cr: 0.2, Mo: 0.12, B: 0.003, Ti: 0.025, Nb: 0.045, V: 0.06, S: 0.01 or less, P: 0.01 or less, N: less than or equal to 0.01, O: less than or equal to 0.003, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The manufacturing method mainly comprises the following steps: the cold-hard strip steel substrate is formed through smelting, casting, hot rolling, pickling and cold rolling. Wherein, in the hot rolling, the finish rolling temperature is 890 ℃, the coiling temperature is 620 ℃, because the C content in the strip steel substrate is higher, the rolling mill is easy to bear too much due to the cold rolling reduction, meanwhile, the welding problem in the nickel plating and zinc plating annealing process is outstanding, and simultaneously, the grain size is controlled to meet the mechanical property requirement for ensuring the equivalent reduction rate, therefore, the reduction rate is preferably below 80 percent, more preferably 40 to 75 percent, in the example, the cold rolling reduction is 65 percent,
then, nickel plating pretreatment processes are carried out, which mainly comprise alkaline or acidic solution degreasing, water cleaning, electrolytic degreasing, acid cleaning, water cleaning and the like, and the main purpose is to remove impurities such as grease, residual iron and the like on the surface of the strip steel substrate after acid rolling so as to keep the surface of the strip steel clean.
And then, carrying out a nickel pre-plating treatment process, specifically, passing the strip steel substrate between two insoluble anodes, connecting the strip steel substrate with a cathode, and depositing nickel ions in the electroplating solution on the strip steel under the action of an electric field between the anode and the cathode to form an electroplated nickel layer, so as to obtain the strip steel substrate with the nickel pre-plating, wherein the thickness of the formed electroplated nickel layer is 200 nm.
Then, an annealing/galvanizing treatment step is performed, specifically, the strip steel substrate is heated to an annealing temperature at a dew point of 10 ℃ or lower, more preferably 20 ℃ or lower, and the inner strip steel substrate is kept warm in a hydrogen H2 atmosphere. Under the environment of H2, the volume fraction of H2 is less than 10 percent, the annealing temperature is 780 ℃, and the dew point temperature is-20 ℃; after the electroplated nickel layer is formed, the surface oxidation problem of Mn, Si elements and the like is greatly improved, the dew point temperature and H2 can be properly relaxed, and the preferable H2 volume fraction can be controlled within 5 percent for further reducing the cost.
And cooling the heat-insulated strip steel substrate to a hot dipping temperature, and carrying out hot galvanizing at the hot dipping temperature to obtain a hot galvanized strip steel substrate. The cooling speed is 15 ℃/s, the hot dip plating temperature is 440 ℃, the hot dip plating time is 3s, the thickness of the obtained zinc-based plating layer is 14 mu m, then, the hot dip galvanized strip steel substrate is cooled to 200 ℃, the cooling speed is 10 ℃/s, and thus, the hot stamping steel is obtained after smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, pre-plating nickel and cold rolling annealing galvanization.
And finally, shearing and blanking the steel for hot stamping, heating to the hot stamping heat treatment temperature to obtain a heated blank, heating to an austenitizing temperature of 940 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4 minutes, cooling to 700 ℃ at a heating rate V1 of 4 ℃/s between room temperature and 430 ℃ and a heating rate V2 of 10 ℃/s between 430 ℃ and the final heat treatment, transferring to a die, performing press forming and quenching to 350 ℃, taking out and cooling to room temperature to obtain the target component. The hot stamping forming temperature is 650-740 ℃, the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the mold opening temperature is increased to 350 ℃, and the obtained final mechanical property is obviously improved. The test shows that the tensile strength Rm of the steel is 1526MPa, the yield strength Rp0.2 is 895MPa, and the total elongation is 9.5%.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 shows a glow spectrum analysis result of a plating layer in the steel for hot stamping before hot stamping, fig. 3 shows a glow spectrum analysis result of a plating layer of a target part after hot stamping, the abscissa in fig. 2 and 3 shows a depth value inward from the surface of the plating layer, the ordinate shows a spectral intensity, and the higher the spectral intensity value is, the higher the content is. As can be seen from fig. 2, before hot stamping, the outermost layer of the steel plating layer for hot stamping is a zinc-based plating layer, in which zinc elements are distributed, and the middle layer is an electroplated nickel layer, in which nickel elements are distributed at positions where zinc elements fall, and the innermost layer is a strip steel substrate, and in which iron elements are distributed at positions where nickel elements fall.
As can be seen from fig. 3, after hot stamping, the outermost layer of the plating layer is a zinc-based plating layer, in which zinc element, a small amount of iron element and nickel element are distributed, the middle layer is an electroplated nickel layer, nickel element is distributed at the position where the zinc element falls, part of the iron element is permeated, the innermost layer is a strip steel substrate, and iron element is distributed at the position where the nickel element falls. The diffusion concentration of Fe element in a strip steel substrate to a zinc-based coating is reduced, the Fe element content in a component coating system after hot stamping is 60-70%, one side, close to the substrate, of a prepared component is provided with a Ni element enrichment coating, the coating melting point is improved, LME is effectively inhibited, FIG. 4 shows a scanning electron microscope photo of the hot stamping steel in the example after hot stamping, the crack of the prepared target component is expanded to the depth of the substrate to be 4 mu m, and compared with the prior art, the depth of the crack is reduced, the crack is also reduced, and the surface quality is improved.
Example 2:
firstly, manufacturing a strip steel substrate, wherein the strip steel substrate comprises the following components in percentage by weight (wt%): c: 0.32, Si: 0.23, Al: 1.15, Mn: 3.6, Cr: 0.15, Mo: 0.25, B: 0.0025, Ti: 0.035, Nb: 0.025, V: 0.05, S: 0.01 or less, P: 0.01 or less, N: less than or equal to 0.01, O: less than or equal to 0.003, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The manufacturing method mainly comprises the following steps: the cold-hard strip steel substrate is formed through smelting, casting, hot rolling, pickling and cold rolling. Wherein, in the hot rolling, the finishing temperature is 900 ℃, the coiling temperature is 660 ℃, the C content in the strip steel substrate is higher, the rolling mill load is easy to be overlarge due to the cold rolling reduction, meanwhile, the welding problem in the annealing process of nickel plating and zinc plating is prominent, and simultaneously, the grain size is controlled to meet the requirement of mechanical property for ensuring the equivalent reduction rate, therefore, the reduction rate is preferably below 80 percent, further preferably 40 to 75 percent, in the example, the cold rolling reduction is 50 percent,
then, nickel plating pretreatment processes are carried out, which mainly comprise alkaline or acidic solution degreasing, water cleaning, electrolytic degreasing, acid cleaning, water cleaning and the like, and the main purpose is to remove impurities such as grease, residual iron and the like on the surface of the strip steel substrate after acid rolling so as to keep the surface of the strip steel clean.
And then, carrying out a nickel pre-plating treatment process, specifically, after the strip steel substrate passes between two insoluble anodes, connecting the strip steel substrate with a cathode, depositing nickel ions in the electroplating solution on the strip steel under the action of an electric field between the anodes and the cathode to form an electroplated nickel layer, thus obtaining the strip steel substrate with nickel pre-plating, wherein the thickness of the formed electroplated nickel layer is 700 nm.
Then, an annealing/galvanizing treatment step is performed, specifically, the strip steel substrate is heated to an annealing temperature at a dew point of 15 ℃ or lower, more preferably at a dew point of 20 ℃ or lower, and the inner strip steel substrate is kept warm in a hydrogen H2 atmosphere. Under the environment of H2, the volume fraction of H2 is less than 10 percent, the annealing temperature is 800 ℃, and the dew point temperature is-20 ℃; after the electroplated nickel layer is formed, the surface oxidation problems of Mn, Si elements and the like are greatly improved, the dew point temperature and H2 can be properly relaxed, and the preferable volume fraction of H2 can be controlled within 5 percent for further reducing the cost.
And cooling the insulated strip steel substrate to a hot dipping temperature, and carrying out hot galvanizing at the hot dipping temperature to obtain a hot galvanized strip steel substrate. The cooling speed is 15 ℃/s, the hot dip plating temperature is 460 ℃, the hot dip plating time is 5s, the thickness of the obtained zinc-based plating layer is 20 μm, then, the hot dip galvanized strip steel substrate is cooled to 200 ℃, the cooling speed is 10 ℃/s, and thus, the hot stamping steel is obtained after smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, pre-plating nickel and cold rolling annealing galvanization.
And finally, shearing and blanking the steel for hot stamping, heating to the hot stamping heat treatment temperature to obtain a heated blank, heating to the austenitizing temperature of 900 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 minutes, cooling to 720 ℃ at the heating rate V1 of 7 ℃/s between room temperature and 430 ℃ and at the heating rate V2 of 11 ℃/s between 430 ℃ and the final heat treatment, transferring to a die, performing press forming and quenching to 300 ℃, taking out and cooling to room temperature to obtain the target component. The hot stamping forming temperature is 680-740 ℃, the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the die opening temperature is increased to 300 ℃, and the obtained final mechanical property is obviously improved. The test shows that the tensile strength Rm of the steel is 1826MPa, the yield strength Rp0.2 is 1195MPa, and the total elongation is 7.5%.
In the example, the diffusion concentration of the Fe element of the substrate in the zinc-based coating of the target component formed by hot stamping is reduced, the Fe element content in the coating system of the target component after hot stamping is 50-60%, the Ni element-enriched coating exists on one side of the prepared component close to the substrate, the melting point of the coating is improved, LME is effectively inhibited, and the crack of the prepared component is expanded to the depth of the substrate of 2 microns.
Example 3:
firstly, manufacturing a strip steel substrate, wherein the strip steel substrate comprises the following components in percentage by weight (wt%): c: 0.30, Si: 1.23, Al: 0.035, Mn: 3.4, Cr: 0.05, Mo: 0.27, B: 0.0026, Ti: 0.035, V: 0.09, S: 0.01 or less, P: 0.01 or less, N: less than or equal to 0.01, O: less than or equal to 0.003, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The manufacturing method mainly comprises the following steps: the cold-hard strip steel substrate is formed through smelting, casting, hot rolling, pickling and cold rolling. Wherein, in the hot rolling, the finishing temperature is 860 ℃, the coiling temperature is 650 ℃, the C content in the strip steel substrate is higher, the rolling mill load is easy to be overlarge due to the cold rolling reduction, the welding problem in the nickel plating and zinc plating annealing process is outstanding, and the grain size is controlled to meet the mechanical property requirement for ensuring the equivalent reduction rate, therefore, the reduction rate is preferably below 80 percent, more preferably 40 to 75 percent, in the example, the cold rolling reduction is 48 percent,
then, nickel plating pretreatment processes are carried out, which mainly comprise alkaline or acidic solution degreasing, water cleaning, electrolytic degreasing, acid cleaning, water cleaning and the like, and the main purpose is to remove impurities such as grease, residual iron and the like on the surface of the strip steel substrate after acid rolling so as to keep the surface of the strip steel clean.
And then, carrying out a nickel pre-plating treatment process, specifically, passing the strip steel substrate between two insoluble anodes, connecting the strip steel substrate with a cathode, and depositing nickel ions in the electroplating solution on the strip steel under the action of an electric field between the anode and the cathode to form an electroplated nickel layer, so as to obtain the strip steel substrate with the nickel pre-plating, wherein the thickness of the formed electroplated nickel layer is 250 nm.
Then, an annealing/galvanizing treatment step is performed, specifically, the strip steel substrate is heated to an annealing temperature at a dew point of 25 ℃ or lower, more preferably at a dew point of 30 ℃ or lower, and the inner strip steel substrate is kept warm in a hydrogen H2 atmosphere. Under the environment of H2, the volume fraction of H2 is less than 10 percent, the annealing temperature is 800 ℃, and the dew point temperature is-20 ℃; after the electroplated nickel layer is formed, the surface oxidation problem of Mn, Si elements and the like is greatly improved, the dew point temperature and H2 can be properly relaxed, and the preferable H2 volume fraction can be controlled within 5 percent for further reducing the cost.
And cooling the heat-insulated strip steel substrate to a hot dipping temperature, and carrying out hot galvanizing at the hot dipping temperature to obtain a hot galvanized strip steel substrate. The cooling speed is 15 ℃/s, the hot dip plating temperature is 460 ℃, the hot dip plating time is 3s, the thickness of the obtained zinc-based plating layer is 10 mu m, then, the hot dip galvanized strip steel substrate is cooled to 200 ℃, the cooling speed is 11 ℃/s, and thus, the hot stamping steel is obtained after smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, pre-plating nickel and cold rolling annealing galvanization.
And finally, shearing and blanking the steel for hot stamping, heating to the hot stamping heat treatment temperature to obtain a heated blank, heating to the austenitizing temperature of 840 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6 minutes, cooling to 700 ℃ at a heating rate V1 of 2 ℃/s between room temperature and 430 ℃ and at a heating rate V2 of 15 ℃/s between 430 ℃ and the final heat treatment, transferring to a die, performing punch forming and quenching to 250 ℃, taking out and cooling to room temperature to obtain the target component. The hot stamping forming temperature is 640-700 ℃, the production efficiency can be effectively improved, the die opening temperature is increased to 250 ℃, and the obtained final mechanical property is obviously improved. The test shows that the tensile strength Rm of the steel is 1836MPa, the yield strength Rp0.2 is 1215MPa, and the total elongation is 7.0%.
In the example, the diffusion concentration of Fe element in the substrate of the hot stamping formed target component to the zinc-based coating is reduced, the content of the Fe element in the coating system of the target component after hot stamping is 50-60%, the Ni element enriched coating exists on one side of the prepared component close to the substrate, the melting point of the coating is improved, LME is effectively inhibited, and the crack of the prepared component is expanded to the depth of the substrate of 2 microns.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a steel for hot stamping, including:
a strip steel substrate;
the nickel electroplating layer is formed on the surface of the strip steel substrate in an electroplating mode, and the thickness of the nickel electroplating layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm;
and the zinc-based coating is formed on the surface of the electroplated nickel layer through an annealing galvanizing process, and the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 micrometers.
Wherein the strip steel substrate comprises C: 0.05-0.40%, Si: 0.2% -2.0%, Al: 0.02% -2.0%, Mn: 0.5-4.0%, Cr: 0.01% -0.7%, Mo: 0.01% -0.7%, B: 0.001-0.005%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01%, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, wherein, less than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 1.4 percent of (Cr + Mo); in addition, Ti: 0.02% -0.15%, Nb: 0.02% -0.15%, V: 0.02-0.15 percent of any one or a plurality of combinations, 0.03 percent to less than or equal to (Ti + Nb + V) to less than or equal to 0.45 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The hot stamping steel in this embodiment has been described in detail in the first embodiment, and the details of this embodiment are not repeated herein.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (8)

1. A method for manufacturing steel for hot stamping, comprising:
pre-plating nickel on a strip steel substrate by an electroplating process to pre-plate an electroplated nickel layer on the surface of the strip steel substrate, wherein the thickness of the electroplated nickel layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm;
carrying out annealing galvanizing treatment on the strip steel substrate, and forming a zinc-based coating on the surface of the strip steel substrate to obtain the steel for hot stamping, wherein the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 micrometers; the annealing and galvanizing treatment of the strip steel substrate comprises the following steps: performing coating hot galvanizing annealing on the strip steel substrate, controlling the continuous annealing temperature to be 720-850 ℃, cooling to the hot dipping temperature at 5-50 ℃/s, performing hot dipping zinc in a zinc pot, wherein the temperature of the zinc pot is 400-520 ℃, the hot dipping time is 2-20 s, and cooling to the temperature below 200 ℃ at 10-50 ℃/s after the hot dipping;
and after the hot stamping steel is manufactured, the hot stamping steel is placed in a hot stamping die for stamping.
2. The method of manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to claim 1, wherein the strip substrate includes, in weight percent, C: 0.05% -0.40%, Si: 0.2% -2.0%, Al: 0.02% -2.0%, Mn: 0.5% -4.0%, Cr: 0.01% -0.7%, Mo: 0.01% -0.7%, B: 0.001% -0.005%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, N: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, wherein, less than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 1.4 percent of (Cr + Mo); in addition, Ti: 0.02% -0.15%, Nb: 0.02% -0.15%, V: 0.02-0.15%, 0.03% or more and (Ti + Nb + V) or less than 0.45%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The method of manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to claim 1, wherein before the nickel preplating the strip steel substrate by the electroplating process, the method further comprises:
smelting and casting a cast steel raw material to obtain a casting blank, heating the casting blank, carrying out hot rolling at the tapping temperature of 1100-1280 ℃, carrying out hot rolling at the hot rolling finishing temperature of 750-920 ℃ and the hot rolling coiling temperature of 500-700 ℃ to obtain a hot rolled coil, pickling after hot rolling, and carrying out cold rolling at the reduction of 40-80% to obtain the strip steel substrate.
4. The method of manufacturing steel for hot stamping according to claim 3, wherein the cold rolling is performed at a reduction of 40% to 80%, including:
and cold rolling with the reduction of 40% -75%.
5. A steel for hot stamping manufactured by the method for manufacturing a steel for hot stamping according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
a strip steel substrate;
the nickel electroplating layer is formed on the surface of the strip steel substrate in an electroplating mode, and the thickness of the nickel electroplating layer is within the range of 100 nm-1000 nm;
and the zinc-based coating is formed on the surface of the electroplated nickel layer through an annealing galvanizing process, and the thickness of the zinc-based coating is within the range of 3-30 micrometers.
6. A method of manufacturing a hot-stamped component, comprising:
placing a hot stamping steel manufactured by the method for manufacturing a hot stamping steel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a hot stamping die, and heating the hot stamping steel to a hot stamping heat treatment temperature to obtain a heated blank, wherein the hot stamping heat treatment temperature is in a range of 700 ℃ to 1000 ℃, the heating rate between room temperature and 430 ℃ is in a range of 2 ℃/s to 12 ℃/s, and the heating rate between 430 ℃ and the hot stamping heat treatment temperature is in a range of 3 ℃/s to 20 ℃/s;
and carrying out stamping forming treatment on the blank according to the hot stamping forming temperature to obtain a target component, wherein the hot stamping forming temperature is within the range of 600-800 ℃.
7. The method of manufacturing a hot-stamped part according to claim 6, wherein the hot-stamping forming temperature is in the range of 640 to 740 ℃.
8. The method of manufacturing a hot-stamped component according to claim 6, wherein the step of subjecting the blank to the press-forming process at the hot-stamping forming temperature to obtain the target component comprises:
and carrying out stamping forming on the blank according to the hot stamping forming temperature, and cooling to a die opening temperature to obtain a target component, wherein the die opening temperature is less than or equal to 400 ℃.
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