CN111330411A - 开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法 - Google Patents

开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN111330411A
CN111330411A CN202010164913.2A CN202010164913A CN111330411A CN 111330411 A CN111330411 A CN 111330411A CN 202010164913 A CN202010164913 A CN 202010164913A CN 111330411 A CN111330411 A CN 111330411A
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刘雪雷
王克勤
郑攀
张文涛
王廷勇
董如意
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Qingdao Sunrui Marine Environment Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，通过对开环船舶废气脱硫系统的流程分析，将船舶废气脱硫的的硫碳比S/C、酸碱度pH、多环芳烃PAH进行综合控制，避免系统在运行过程中，因为某一个参数的不达标，而造成整个系统的运行问题，同时利用ECA区域与非ECA区域对S/C排放要求的不同，加强对洗涤水量的控制，达到优化节能的目的。

Description

开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，主要用于船舶柴油机排放废气的处理。属于船舶领域，船舶防污染技术。
背景技术
随着经济全球化及船舶行业的快速发展，全球船舶吨位不断增加，随之而来的是船舶柴油机废气的排放量迅速增加。国际海事组织(IMO)统计表明，全球船舶柴油机NOx排放量占排放总量的7％，并将逐年上升。
船舶废气排放对全球大气污染及人类健康造成的危害极大，对此，国际海事组织(IMO)批准的MARPOL 73/78公约附则Ⅵ-《防止船舶造成大气污染规则》中规定，航行在排放控制区(ECA)的船只，必须燃烧含硫量等于或小于0.1％(m/m)的低硫燃油，或船舶使用经批准的减排技术，使SO2排放等效于燃烧等于或小0.1％的低硫燃油。相比于燃烧高硫油，船舶燃烧低硫油将使船舶额外增加70％的燃油费用，因此船舶航行过程中主要燃烧高硫油。为满足较高的SO2脱除要求，常采用湿法脱硫,该技术是现阶段比较成熟的高效船舶尾气脱硫方法。目前的湿法船舶废气脱硫系统的控制关注S/C、PH这两个指标，在脱硫系统运行过程中易发生PAH超标的情况。另外，由于使用海水洗涤的开式脱硫系统既能够满足ECA区域，也能满足非ECA区域的尾气中S/C的排放要求，目前的脱硫系统都是采用满足ECA区域运行要求的海水量来涵盖非ECA区域，这样就造成了在非ECA区域海水流量的浪费。
发明内容
本发明提供一种开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，以解决现有技术存在的上述问题。
本发明的技术方案是：一种开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
A、选择船舶航行区域：根据船舶航行区域选择脱硫系统运行于ECA区域或非ECA区域；
B、计算洗涤水量预设值：根据柴油机功率、负荷、燃油含硫量及船舶航行的区域计算处相应的洗涤水量预设值；
C、对废气喷淋处理：按照洗涤水量预设值向船舶废气喷淋洗涤水；
D、计算排放烟气硫碳比S/C和排放水的PH、PAH值：采集烟气分析仪数据，计算排放烟气硫碳比S/C，采集水质分析仪数据，计算排放水的PH、PAH值；
E、对洗涤水量的调整：根据船舶航行的区域以及S/C、PH和PAH值减小或增大洗涤水量。
本发明的优点是：通过对开环船舶废气脱硫系统的流程分析，将船舶废气脱硫的的硫碳比(S/C)、酸碱度(pH)、多环芳烃(PAH)进行综合控制，避免系统在运行过程中，因为某一个参数的不达标，而造成整个系统的运行问题，同时利用ECA区域与非ECA区域对S/C排放要求的不同，加强对洗涤水量的控制，达到优化节能的目的。
附图说明
图1是本发明的控制流程图。
具体实施方式
参见图1，本发明提供了一种开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，包括如下步骤：
A、根据船舶航行区域选择脱硫系统运行于ECA区域或非ECA区域。
B、根据柴油机功率、负荷、燃油含硫量及船舶航行区域(ECA区域或非ECA区域)计算洗涤水量预设值，具体的解算方法为现有技术。
C、按照洗涤水量预设值向船舶废气喷淋洗涤水。
D、采集烟气分析仪数据，计算排放烟气硫碳比S/C，采集水质分析仪数据，计算排放水的PH、PAH值。
E、脱硫系统运行于非ECA区域，如果S/C＜16并且PH＞3.1，或者PAH＞PAH上限值并且S/C＜20并且PH＞3.1，则减少洗涤水量；如果(S/C＞20或者PH＜3)并在满足PAH＜PAH上限值的90％的条件下，S/C＞20或者PH＜3，则增大洗涤水量。
F、脱硫系统运行于非ECA区域，如果S/C＜1.5并且PH＞3.1，或者PAH＞PAH上限值并且S/C＜3.9并且PH＞3.1，则减少洗涤水量；如果(S/C＞4.1或者PH＜3)并在满足PAH＜PAH上限值的90％的条件下，S/C＞4.1或者PH＜3，则增大洗涤水量。
本发明中硫碳比S/C的计算公式为：
Figure BDA0002407091000000031
公式中的THC是TotalHydro Carbons的简称，指排放船舶废气中含有碳氢化合物的总量。
本发明中采用PLC采集、记录整个湿法船舶废气脱硫系统的运行参数，包括洗涤水流量、洗涤水温度、洗涤塔出口SO2浓度、洗涤塔出口CO2浓度、洗涤塔入口废气压力、洗涤塔液位、洗涤水泵变频器频率、洗涤水排放口PH、洗涤水排放口PAH。采用PLC用于控制洗涤水流量，脱硫系统运行时的阀门动作以及用于控制船舶废气脱硫系统的安全控制，包括系统参数报警、运行参数报警、设备故障报警以及因不同报警产生的保护连锁动作。
本发明的应用实例：某柴油机废气量1035m3/h，燃油添加量2.9％,SO2初始浓度为1300ppm，CO2浓度为5.2％，CO初始浓度为1020ppm，THC初始浓度为6.5ppm，柴油机负荷为75％，功率2.7MW。
开环船舶废气脱硫系统运行后，在非ECA区域，洗涤水量为220m3/h，废气出口S/C为18，洗涤排放水的PH为3.2，洗涤排放水的PAH小于PAH排放限值的90％。同功率下，在ECA区域，洗涤水量为280m3/h，废气出口S/C为3.4，洗涤排放水的PH为3.5，洗涤排放水的PAH小于PAH排放限值的90％。
在实际应用中，可以在细节和形式上对其进行改变，而不偏离本发明的范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
A、选择船舶航行区域：根据船舶航行区域选择脱硫系统运行于ECA区域或非ECA区域；
B、计算洗涤水量预设值：根据柴油机功率、负荷、燃油含硫量及船舶航行的区域计算处相应的洗涤水量预设值；
C、对废气喷淋处理：按照洗涤水量预设值向船舶废气喷淋洗涤水；
D、计算排放烟气硫碳比S/C和排放水的PH、PAH值：采集烟气分析仪数据，计算排放烟气硫碳比S/C，采集水质分析仪数据，计算排放水的PH、PAH值；
E、对洗涤水量的调整：根据船舶航行的区域以及S/C、PH和PAH值减小或增大洗涤水量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤E中：
(1)对于船舶运行于非ECA区域，如果S/C＜16并且PH＞3.1，或者PAH＞PAH上限值，并且S/C＜20并且PH＞3.1，则减少洗涤水量；如果S/C＞20或者PH＜3，并在满足PAH＜PAH上限值的90％的条件下，S/C＞20或者PH＜3，则增大洗涤水量；
(2)对于脱硫系统运行于非ECA区域，如果S/C＜1.5并且PH＞3.1，或者PAH＞PAH上限值并且S/C＜3.9并且PH＞3.1，则减少洗涤水量；如果(S/C＞4.1或者PH＜3)并在满足PAH＜PAH上限值的90％的条件下，S/C＞4.1或者PH＜3，则增大洗涤水量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，其特征在于，采用PLC采集、记录整个湿法船舶废气脱硫系统的运行参数，该运行参数包括：洗涤水流量、洗涤水温度、洗涤塔出口SO2浓度、洗涤塔出口CO2浓度、洗涤塔入口废气压力、洗涤塔液位、洗涤水泵变频器频率、洗涤水排放口PH和洗涤水排放口PAH，并用于控制洗涤水流量和脱硫系统运行时的阀门动作；采用PLC控制船舶废气脱硫系统的安全控制，包括系统参数报警、运行参数报警、设备故障报警以及因不同报警产生的保护连锁动作。
4.根据权利要求1所述的开环船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法，其特征在于，所述的硫碳比S/C的计算公式为：
Figure FDA0002407090990000021
其中THC是TotalHydro Carbons的简称，指排放船舶废气中含有碳氢化合物的总量。
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CN103432885A (zh) * 2013-08-08 2013-12-11 宁波大学 一种船舶尾气洗涤塔及其使用方法
CN104689699A (zh) * 2015-02-16 2015-06-10 哈尔滨工程大学 一种船舶动力装置废气洗涤系统
CN108187480A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-06-22 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 船舶废气脱硫系统
CN110302642A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-10-08 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 船舶废气脱硫系统的控制方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103432885A (zh) * 2013-08-08 2013-12-11 宁波大学 一种船舶尾气洗涤塔及其使用方法
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