CN111329054B - A nutritional preparation containing Haematococcus pluvialis and its preparation method - Google Patents
A nutritional preparation containing Haematococcus pluvialis and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111329054B CN111329054B CN202010159898.2A CN202010159898A CN111329054B CN 111329054 B CN111329054 B CN 111329054B CN 202010159898 A CN202010159898 A CN 202010159898A CN 111329054 B CN111329054 B CN 111329054B
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- haematococcus pluvialis
- probiotics
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- prebiotics
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of food and food processing, and particularly relates to a haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation and a preparation method thereof. The nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis mainly comprises haematococcus pluvialis powder, probiotics and prebiotics. The preparation method comprises subjecting Haematococcus pluvialis to pulse treatment, fermenting in fermentation tank containing probiotics and prebiotics, and subjecting to negative high voltage pulse treatment. The haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation provided by the invention has the advantages of high astaxanthin content, strong antioxidant effect and good stability, and meanwhile, has the effect of regulating the gastrointestinal function of a human body, and is an ideal nutritional preparation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of food and food processing, and particularly relates to a haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Haematococcus pluvialis is a freshwater unicellular green alga, belongs to the order Volvocales, the family Haematococcus, is the product with the highest carotenoid synthesis degree discovered so far, has the functions of resisting oxidation and protecting collagen 1000 times of that of vitamin E, positively replaces beta-carotene, anthocyanin, lycopene and the like, and becomes the element with the strongest anti-aging capability so far. The antioxidant capacity of astaxanthin in haematococcus pluvialis is 550 times that of vitamin E and 10 times that of beta-carotene. The national ministry of health announced 17 Haematococcus pluvialis as a new food material in 2010.
Astaxanthin is a red carotenoid found in shells of shrimps and crabs, oysters, salmonids, algae and fungi, and is a conjugated molecule consisting of 13 conjugated double bonds, and the single bond and the double bond alternately increase the oxidation resistance of astaxanthin, thereby having the functions of removing free radicals, protecting blood vessels, reducing cholesterol and the like. The astaxanthin is mainly prepared by artificial synthesis and natural extraction, the artificial synthesis of the astaxanthin is 50% racemization, 25% levogyration and 25% dextrorotation, 100% is in a free state, the stability of the astaxanthin is extremely poor, the antioxidant activity is relatively low, and impurity compounds are inevitably introduced in the synthesis process, so the application range of the astaxanthin is greatly limited. Therefore, Haematococcus pluvialis, an important biological resource for the production of natural astaxanthin, is increasingly used.
Patent document CN105942091A discloses a haematococcus pluvialis beverage, which consists of haematococcus pluvialis, eggs, edible vinegar, garlic juice, ginger juice, lemon juice, apple juice, mangosteen juice, pseudo-ginseng powder, honey and rock candy. The preparation method of the haematococcus pluvialis powder comprises the following steps: drying haematococcus pluvialis containing 0.05-4.0% of astaxanthin until the water content is less than 5%, and then crushing the haematococcus pluvialis into powder with the granularity of 60-120 meshes; and (3) further breaking the wall of the powder with the granularity of 60-120 meshes by using a wall breaking machine to obtain haematococcus powder with the granularity of 1000-3000 meshes and the wall breaking rate of 75-95%. However, the structure of astaxanthin in haematococcus pluvialis is easily destroyed in the process of carrying out wall breaking treatment on haematococcus pluvialis powder, so that the content of the astaxanthin in the prepared product is lower, and the product quality of the haematococcus pluvialis beverage is reduced.
Patent document CN110584116A discloses a food containing haematococcus pluvialis and trehalose, wherein the food comprises haematococcus pluvialis and trehalose, and the mass ratio of the haematococcus pluvialis to the trehalose is (100) -800: (500) -1800). The astaxanthin in the prepared food can improve the activity of human sperms, increase the ability of the sperms to pass through the zona pellucida, and increase the success rate of conception of infertility patients in an artificial fertilization cycle. However, when Haematococcus pluvialis is used directly, the utilization rate of astaxanthin, which is an active ingredient, is low, and the expected effect of the product cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the research and development of the haematococcus pluvialis health food which can improve the utilization rate of astaxanthin in the haematococcus pluvialis, is safe and effective and has no toxic or side effect on a human body is a difficult point of the current research.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at overcoming the defects of low dissolution rate of effective components of astaxanthin and large loss of the effective components in haematococcus pluvialis health food in the prior art. The invention aims to provide a nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems.
The invention provides a haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50-100 parts of haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1-3 parts of probiotics and 100-200 parts of prebiotics.
Further, the probiotics comprise lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris and lactococcus lactis diacetyl subspecies according to the weight ratio of 1 (3-5) to (4-10).
Further, the probiotics comprise lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris and lactococcus lactis diacetyl subspecies lactis in a weight ratio of 1:4: 8.
Further, the prebiotics is one or more of stachyose, resistant dextrin powder, fructo-oligosaccharide, polydextrose, galacto-oligosaccharide, isomalto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide, soybean oligosaccharide and inulin.
Furthermore, the prebiotics consist of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to a mass ratio of (8-10) to (1: 1) (4-6).
Further, the prebiotics consist of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to the mass ratio of 9:1:1: 5.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding haematococcus pluvialis powder into sterile water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out high-voltage pulse electric field treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain a haematococcus pluvialis mixed solution;
s2, conveying the haematococcus pluvialis mixed liquid obtained in the step S1 to a fermentation tank through an aseptic pipeline, simultaneously inoculating probiotics and prebiotics, uniformly stirring, and fermenting for 4-5 weeks, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: setting the temperature to be 33-35 ℃ in the first week after the inoculation of the probiotics, and setting the starting temperature to be 28-32 ℃ in the second week after the inoculation of the probiotics to obtain fermentation liquor;
and S3, carrying out negative high-pressure pulse treatment on the fermentation liquor obtained in the step S2 for 3-5 min, and bottling to obtain the fermented liquor.
Further, the conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field in step S1 are as follows: the field intensity of the electric field is 30-40 kV/cm, and the pulse number is 4-6.
Further, the conditions of the high voltage pulse electric field processing in step S1 are: the electric field strength was 34kV/cm, and the number of pulses was 5.
Further, the conditions of the negative high voltage pulse processing in step S3 are: the negative pulse high voltage is-10 to-5 kV, and the frequency is 2 to 4 Hz.
The haematococcus pluvialis used in the invention is purchased from a freshwater algae seed bank of institute of aquatic organisms of academy of sciences of China, and the number of the algae seed is FACHB-875. The probiotics of the invention consists of Lactococcus lactis subsp.lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp.cremoris and Lactococcus lactis diacetyl subsp.lactis in a specific ratio, and the viable count of the probiotics is 5 to 10 9 ～7*10 9 cfu/mL。
The haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation provided by the invention utilizes the enzyme system and high lactic acid contained in the probiotics to decompose pectin and cellulose in the cell wall of the haematococcus pluvialis, so that the cell wall of the haematococcus pluvialis is dissolved, and the astaxanthin can be quickly released under the condition of not damaging the structure of the astaxanthin, so that the content of the astaxanthin in the nutritional preparation is increased. Meanwhile, the nutritional preparation is added with prebiotics with specific components, and the prebiotics are composed of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to a specific mass ratio, so that not only can a great amount of probiotics be propagated in the fermentation process, but also the dissolving effect of the probiotics on the cell wall of the haematococcus pluvialis can be improved, and the content of astaxanthin in the nutritional preparation is further improved. In addition, the prebiotics with the specific components can also be used for regulating probiotics of human intestines and stomach, promoting the proliferation of beneficial flora of human intestinal tract, and inhibiting harmful bacteria, thereby reducing the generation of putrefactive substances and toxic substances, further improving the functions of the nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis, enhancing immunity, resisting oxidation, relieving fatigue, enhancing liver metabolism and the like.
Haematococcus pluvialis cells, although high in astaxanthin content, change from vegetative cells to chlamydospores during the accumulation of astaxanthin, which possess dense, tough cell walls up to a few microns in thickness, which severely hamper the lytic effect of the probiotic. The haematococcus pluvialis is subjected to specific high-voltage pulse electric field treatment with the electric field strength of 30-40 kV/cm and the pulse number of 4-6, so that the dissolving speed of probiotics on cell walls of the haematococcus pluvialis can be greatly increased, and the dissolution rate of astaxanthin is increased. The specific principle is as follows: the specific high-voltage pulse electric field treatment provided by the invention enables the cell wall of haematococcus pluvialis to crack and exposes the narrow space on the inner side of the cell wall of the haematococcus pluvialis, so that probiotics are facilitated to accelerate the dissolution of the cell wall, a good attachment point is provided for the probiotics, the cell wall of the haematococcus pluvialis can be dissolved more fully, astaxanthin release is more fully, the pulse treatment does not damage the structure of astaxanthin, and the content of astaxanthin in a nutritional preparation can be further improved.
Astaxanthin itself is not stable, and is easily oxidized and decomposed by light, so that it is difficult to preserve astaxanthin activity. After fermentation, the fermentation liquor is subjected to specific negative high-voltage pulse treatment with negative pulse high voltage of-10 to-5 kV and frequency of 2 to 4Hz, so that the stability of the astaxanthin can be greatly improved. The specific principle is as follows: the specific negative high-voltage pulse treatment provided by the invention can enable the fermentation liquor to be capable of rapidly dissociating charged ions, and the negative pulse electric field enables positive charges in the fermentation liquor to flow towards the inside, and negative charges are gathered on the surface of the fermentation liquor, so that oxygen atoms in the air can be prevented from contacting with astaxanthin, the probability of oxidation of astaxanthin is reduced, the stability of astaxanthin is improved, and the effect of a nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis is ensured.
The haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation provided by the invention has the advantages of high astaxanthin content, strong antioxidant effect and good stability, and meanwhile, has the effect of regulating the gastrointestinal function of a human body, and is an ideal nutritional preparation.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to only the following examples. Variations, combinations, or substitutions of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit, scope, or concept of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1A nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
The nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1 part of probiotics and 100 parts of prebiotics; the probiotics consists of lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris and lactococcus lactis diacetyl subspecies lactis in a weight ratio of 1:3:8, and the viable count of the probiotics is 5 x 10 9 cfu/mL; the prebiotics are composed of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to the mass ratio of 8:1:1: 6.
Example 2A nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
The nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis comprises the following components in parts by weight:
80 parts of haematococcus pluvialis powder, 2 parts of probiotics and 150 parts of prebiotics; the probiotics comprise lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris and lactococcus lactis diacetyl subspecies lactis in a weight ratio of 1:4:6, and the number of the viable bacteria of the probiotics is 6 x 10 9 cfu/mL; the prebiotics consist of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to the mass ratio of 9:1:1: 5.
Example 3A nutritional formulation comprising Haematococcus pluvialis
The nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of haematococcus pluvialis powder, 3 parts of probiotics and 200 parts of prebiotics; the probiotics consists of lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, lactococcus lactis subspecies cremoris and lactococcus lactis diacetyl subspecies lactis in a weight ratio of 1:5:4, and the viable count of the probiotics is 7 x 10 9 cfu/mL; the prebiotics are composed of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to the mass ratio of 10:1:1: 4.
Example 4 preparation of nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
S1, adding haematococcus pluvialis powder into sterile water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out high-voltage pulse electric field treatment for 2 hours, wherein the conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field are as follows: the electric field intensity is 30kV/cm, the pulse number is 6, and haematococcus pluvialis mixed liquid is obtained;
s2, conveying the haematococcus pluvialis mixed solution obtained in the step S1 to a fermentation tank through an aseptic pipeline, simultaneously inoculating probiotics and prebiotics, uniformly stirring, and fermenting for 4 weeks, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: setting the temperature to be 33-35 ℃ in the first week after the inoculation of the probiotics, and setting the starting temperature to be 28-32 ℃ in the second week after the inoculation of the probiotics to obtain fermentation liquor;
s3, carrying out negative high-voltage pulse treatment on the fermentation liquor obtained in the step S2 for 3min, wherein the conditions of the negative high-voltage pulse treatment are as follows: negative pulse high voltage of-10 kV, frequency of 2Hz, and bottling.
Example 5 preparation of nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
S1, adding haematococcus pluvialis powder into sterile water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out high-voltage pulse electric field treatment for 1.5h, wherein the conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field are as follows: the field intensity of the electric field is 36kV/cm, the pulse number is 5, and haematococcus pluvialis mixed liquid is obtained;
s2, conveying the haematococcus pluvialis mixed solution obtained in the step S1 to a fermentation tank through an aseptic pipeline, simultaneously inoculating probiotics and prebiotics, uniformly stirring, and fermenting for 4 weeks under the fermentation conditions that: setting the temperature to be 33-35 ℃ in the first week after the inoculation of the probiotics, and setting the starting temperature to be 28-32 ℃ in the second week after the inoculation of the probiotics to obtain fermentation liquor;
s3, carrying out negative high-voltage pulse treatment on the fermentation liquor obtained in the step S2 for 4min, wherein the conditions of the negative high-voltage pulse treatment are as follows: negative pulse high voltage of-8 kV, frequency of 3Hz, and bottling.
Example 6 preparation of nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
S1, adding haematococcus pluvialis powder into sterile water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out high-voltage pulse electric field treatment for 1h, wherein the conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field are as follows: the electric field intensity is 40kV/cm, the pulse number is 4, and haematococcus pluvialis mixed liquor is obtained;
s2, conveying the haematococcus pluvialis mixed liquid obtained in the step S1 to a fermentation tank through an aseptic pipeline, simultaneously inoculating probiotics and prebiotics, uniformly stirring, and fermenting for 4-5 weeks, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: setting the temperature to be 33-35 ℃ in the first week after the inoculation of the probiotics, and setting the starting temperature to be 28-32 ℃ in the second week after the inoculation of the probiotics to obtain fermentation liquor;
s3, carrying out negative high-voltage pulse treatment on the fermentation liquor obtained in the step S2 for 5min, wherein the conditions of the negative high-voltage pulse treatment are as follows: and (4) bottling under negative pulse high pressure of-5 kV and frequency of 4 Hz.
Comparative example 1 preparation of a nutritional preparation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
The differences from example 5 are: the step S1 is not subjected to the high voltage pulsed electric field treatment, and the remaining steps are similar to those of example 5.
Comparative example 2 preparation of a nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
The differences from example 5 are: the step S1 is similar to example 5 except that ultrasonic vibration extraction is used instead of high-voltage pulse electric field treatment.
Comparative example 3 preparation of a nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
The difference from example 5 is that: the step S3 does not perform the negative high voltage pulse treatment, and the remaining steps are similar to those of embodiment 5.
Comparative example 4 preparation of a nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
The difference from example 5 is that: in step S3, a high voltage pulse processing is performed under the following conditions: the electric field strength was 36kV/cm, the number of pulses was 5, and the remaining procedure was similar to that of example 5.
Test example one test for measuring the content of astaxanthin in a nutritional preparation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
1. The test method comprises the following steps:
the haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional formulations of example 2 were prepared using the methods of preparation of haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional formulations of example 4, example 5, example 6, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 and comparative example 4, respectively, and the obtained haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional formulations were subjected to astaxanthin content measurement on day 0, day 30 and day 60, wherein the astaxanthin content measurement method was measured using the modified method of astaxanthin measurement by Boussiba.
2. And (3) test results:
the test results are shown in tables 1 to 3.
TABLE 1 astaxanthin content measurement data on day 0 of nutritional formulation containing Haematococcus pluvialis
TABLE 2 astaxanthin content determination data on day 30 for nutritional formulations containing Haematococcus pluvialis
| Astaxanthin content (mg/L) | |
| Example 4 | 23.24 |
| Example 5 | 27.88 |
| Example 6 | 22.54 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.98 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7.32 |
| Comparative example 3 | 14.67 |
| Comparative example 4 | 14.13 |
TABLE 3 astaxanthin content measurement data on day 60 for nutritional formulations containing Haematococcus pluvialis
| Astaxanthin content (mg/L) | |
| Example 4 | 21.86 |
| Example 5 | 26.85 |
| Example 6 | 20.36 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.33 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6.48 |
| Comparative example 3 | 9.74 |
| Comparative example 4 | 9.25 |
As can be seen from tables 1 to 3, the haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation provided by the invention has high astaxanthin content and good stability, and is a relatively ideal nutritional preparation.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preparing a nutritional preparation containing haematococcus pluvialis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding haematococcus pluvialis powder into sterile water, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out high-voltage pulse electric field treatment for 1-2 hours to obtain a haematococcus pluvialis mixed solution;
s2, conveying the haematococcus pluvialis mixed liquid obtained in the step S1 to a fermentation tank through an aseptic pipeline, simultaneously inoculating probiotics and prebiotics, uniformly stirring, and fermenting for 4-5 weeks, wherein the fermentation conditions are as follows: setting the temperature to be 33-35 ℃ in the first week after the inoculation of the probiotics, and setting the starting temperature to be 28-32 ℃ in the second week after the inoculation of the probiotics to obtain fermentation liquor;
s3, carrying out negative high-pressure pulse treatment on the fermentation liquor obtained in the step S2 for 3-5 min, and bottling to obtain the fermented liquor;
the haematococcus pluvialis-containing nutritional preparation is prepared from 50-100 parts of haematococcus pluvialis powder, 1-3 parts of probiotics and 100-200 parts of prebiotics;
the probiotics comprise lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis, lactococcus lactis cremoris and lactococcus lactis diacetyl subspecies lactis in a weight ratio of 1:4: 8;
the prebiotics consist of fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide, xylo-oligosaccharide and inulin according to the mass ratio of 9:1:1: 5;
the conditions of the high-voltage pulse electric field in step S1 are: the field intensity of the electric field is 30-40 kV/cm, and the pulse number is 4-6;
the conditions of the negative high voltage pulse processing in step S3 are: the negative pulse high voltage is-10 to-5 kV, and the frequency is 2 to 4 Hz.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conditions of the high voltage pulsed electric field treatment in step S1 are: the field strength of the electric field is 34kV/cm, and the pulse number is 5.
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