CN1113277C - 一种安全器件和具有该安全器件的文献及它们的制造方法 - Google Patents
一种安全器件和具有该安全器件的文献及它们的制造方法Info
- Publication number
- CN1113277C CN1113277C CN98124631A CN98124631A CN1113277C CN 1113277 C CN1113277 C CN 1113277C CN 98124631 A CN98124631 A CN 98124631A CN 98124631 A CN98124631 A CN 98124631A CN 1113277 C CN1113277 C CN 1113277C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- volume hologram
- safety device
- document
- making
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/003—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements
- G07D7/0032—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements using holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
- G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
- G03H1/0248—Volume holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
- G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
- G03H2001/0027—Being copy-protected against fraudulent replication, e.g. by layering a filter rejecting laser lines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/18—Particular processing of hologram record carriers, e.g. for obtaining blazed holograms
- G03H2001/186—Swelling or shrinking the holographic record or compensation thereof, e.g. for controlling the reconstructed wavelength
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/20—Copying holograms by holographic, i.e. optical means
- G03H2001/207—Copying holograms by holographic, i.e. optical means with modification of the nature of the hologram, e.g. changing from volume to surface relief or from reflection to transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2249—Holobject properties
- G03H2001/2263—Multicoloured holobject
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
一种文献包括衬底(1)和包含了光栅的安全器件。为增强拷贝的安全性，所述光栅是引入了动态效应的体积全息图(2)。
Description
本发明涉及具有衬底及包括了一个光栅的安全器件的文献，还涉及用于这种文献的一个安全器件。本发明进一步涉及用于制造这种文献或安全器件的方法。
对于各种类型的文献。例如具有存储便条的、安全的或更小的文献，常常要求安全器件能够提供用于防止拷贝的保护。这种类型的安全器件包括一种已知的光栅。在以往的解决方案中，将光栅做成表面起伏的。然而，从这种方式中获得的拷贝保护不足已应付所有情况。
在此基础上，本发明的目的是改进具有安全器件的文献中的拷贝保护。
依据本发明，通过作为体积全息图的光栅来实现上述这个目的，该体积全息图引入了动态效应。以这种方式，基本上可得到更强的拷贝保护。
在体积全息图的制造中，用相干光尤其是用激光照射薄层或另一种无晶粒的、半透明的光敏介质。因为在薄层材料中发生的干扰现象，所以建立了Bragg网络平面，它体现了写入全息图中的信息。
一个最佳实施例的特征在于用两个或更多不同的波长来制造体积全息图。以这种方式，可得到受控的多彩效应。仅使用两个不同的波长也可得到受控的多彩效应。当使用了与彩色三角中的颜色相对应的至少三种不同的波长时，可得到受控的快彩色效应。因为衍射光栅的物理原理确定了其色散，所以这不可能由在先的已知表面起伏结构得到。因而，使用表面起伏，总能在再现白光的过程中产生彩虹的色谱。与此相反，依据本发明的方法的最佳实施例，有可能实现受控的彩色效应。
可以这样制造所述文献或安全器件，即通过一个光拷贝处理由表面起伏中制造出体积全息图。可将表面起伏用做所谓的主底片。可通过光拷贝处理从中制造出体积全息图。但也可直接照射制造出体积全息图。
所改进的对体积全息图的拷贝保护是基于这样一种体积全息图的一个方面，即仅能够由单色形式重构出这种体积全息图。因此，如果试图拷贝一个体积全息图，这只在与记录所述体积全息图所用的相干光或激光具有确实相同的波长时，才可实现这种拷贝。尽管如此，也仅是假定在记录了体积全息图后，薄膜材料没有发生局部的收缩或膨胀，只有此时才能实现拷贝过程。基于此点，可通过体积全息图的局部区域来实现附加的拷贝保护，相反，如果该区域在记录了体积全息图之后缩小及/或扩张，从而在这些区域中的布雷格平面也随这些区域相应地变化，则体积全息图变得不可识别。仅在使用匹配的波长时，用全息装置才能对这种体积全息图进行拷贝，但由于对外界来说，布雷格平面已经改变了的局部区域是不可读出的，所以这是不可能的。这意味着，仅由于层(网络平面)的局部的或非均匀的收缩或膨胀，而使体积全息图仅能被点挨点或一个像素一个像素地拷贝；但这需要极大的努力，以致不再具有商业价值。
另一方面，由体积全息图中的具有极强角选择性的衍射光栅可实现所增加的拷贝保护。这意味着只有使用了与记录时确实相同的照射角，才能拷贝体积全息图。即使是那样，体积全息图的拷贝也有极大的困难——如果将体积全息图加到一张表面并不完全光滑的表面上；或例如将体积全息图加到一个由纸制成的文件或任何其它并不完全光滑的表面时，对体积全息图的拷贝就更困难。以这种方式，表面的局部区域具有彼此仅有轻微不同的多个角，这些角仅有极小的角度差，但这些角度差足以造成拷贝失败。由于表面粗糙度造成了角度差，所以不能用平面波重建整个全息图。在试图拷贝的情况下，以上原因会导致只拷贝体积全息图的一部分，而在那些不执行体积全息图重建的点，被拷贝的体积全息图保持不被照射，或至少发生一个亮色差或发生亮度变化。
将一个动态的或活动电影效应引入或写入体积全息图。为产生这种动态效应，在体积全息图中的衍射结构是这样的，当衬底最好在这一平面内移动例如到某一方向或调整到某一速度时，在给定的照射及观察角度上产生的图形以预定的速度，沿着预定的路径，依据与衬底固定相连的坐标系而运动。因为向体积全息图引入了这种动态效应，对这种全息图的拷贝就变得更困难了。而且，以这种方式，可提供更大的识别值。另外，通过不同的信号照射，也可将各种数据照射到体积全息图中，因而进一步增强了安全元件的安全性。
为解释本发明：
图1显示了设计成表面起伏的一种全息图；以及
图2显示了穿过体积全息图的一个截面。
可将图1所示的表面起伏作为一个安全器件应用到一个文献中。这种全息图中的信息存储在表面结构中。
图2显示了具有衬底1的文献，在该衬底上使用了体积全息图2。通过照射，在薄膜材料中产生了Bragg网络平面n1、n2等等，将它们放置为相距λ/2的距离(这里λ是使用的光的波长)，且它们包含了全息信息。
Claims (10)
1、一种用于文献的安全器件，其具有一衬底，其特征在于该安全器件包括一个引入了动态效应的体积全息图(2)。
2、按照权利要求1的安全器件，其特征在于用两种或更多不同波长的光制造该体积全息图(2)。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的安全器件，其特征在于记录了体积全息图之后，体积全息图(2)的局部区域缩小和/或扩张，从而这些区域中的布雷格平面相应地变化。
4、一种文献，其特征在于具有一衬底(1)和一如权利要求1～3中之一所述的安全器件。
5、一种制造如权利要求1～3中之一所述的安全器件的方法，其特征在于通过光拷贝处理，由表面起伏制造出体积全息图(2)。
6、一种制造如权利要求4所述的文献的方法，其特征在于通过光拷贝处理，由表面起伏制造出体积全息图(2)
7、一种制造如权利要求1～3中之一所述的安全器件的方法，其特征在于使用直接照射制造体积全息图。
8.一种制造如权利要求4所述的文献的方法，其特征在于使用直接照射制造体积全息图。
9、按照权利要求7或8的方法，其特征在于通过两种或更多种波长的光直接照射来制造体积全息图。
10、按照权利要求5～9中之一所述的方法，其特征在于在记录了体积全息图之后，体积全息图(2)的局部区域缩小和/或扩张，从而这些区域中的布雷格平面相应地变化。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19752704 | 1997-11-27 | ||
| DE19752704.3 | 1997-11-27 | ||
| DE19810134A DE19810134A1 (de) | 1997-11-27 | 1998-03-09 | Sicherheitselement für Dokumente und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE19810134.1 | 1998-03-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1222455A CN1222455A (zh) | 1999-07-14 |
| CN1113277C true CN1113277C (zh) | 2003-07-02 |
Family
ID=26041974
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98124631A Expired - Lifetime CN1113277C (zh) | 1997-11-27 | 1998-10-10 | 一种安全器件和具有该安全器件的文献及它们的制造方法 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0919961B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH11240280A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1113277C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE242902T1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2247974C (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0919961T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2201382T3 (zh) |
| HK (1) | HK1020924A1 (zh) |
| PT (1) | PT919961E (zh) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2801246B1 (fr) | 1999-11-19 | 2002-01-25 | Hologram Ind | Securisation de documents ou de produits par apposition d'un composant optiquement actif pour la verification de l'authenticite |
| GB0013379D0 (en) | 2000-06-01 | 2000-07-26 | Optaglio Ltd | Label and method of forming the same |
| EP1287486A2 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2003-03-05 | Optaglio Limited | Product verification and authentication system and method |
| GB0016358D0 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2000-08-23 | Optaglio Ltd | Optical device |
| GB0016354D0 (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2000-08-23 | Optaglio Ltd | Optical security device |
| GB0016356D0 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2000-08-23 | Optaglio Ltd | Optical structure |
| GB0016359D0 (en) | 2000-07-03 | 2000-08-23 | Optaglio Ltd | Optical apparatus |
| EP1179810A1 (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-13 | European Central Bank, Directorate Banknotes, RDDO | Security documents data exchange system |
| US7576898B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2009-08-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for using a deep image hologram as a security device and a deep image hologram |
| DE102004012787A1 (de) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-10-06 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Datenträger und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Datenträgers |
| SI1765600T1 (sl) | 2004-06-30 | 2009-06-30 | Kxo Ag | Pred ponarejanjem varen zavarovani predmet in postopek za njegovo izdelavo ter verifikacijo |
| DE102007019837A1 (de) | 2007-04-25 | 2008-11-13 | Hologram Industries Research Gmbh | Volumenhologramm, Master zur Herstellung der Standardelemente des Volumenhologramms und Verfahren zur nachträglichen Hologrammindividualisierung bei der Applikation auf Personal- und Wertdokumente |
| DE102007025907A1 (de) | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-11 | Hologram Industries Research Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines mehrfarbigen Volumenhologramms, Dokument mit einem solchen Hologramm und Volumenhologramm-Master |
| DE102007052951B4 (de) | 2007-10-31 | 2021-11-18 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Verifizierungsvorrichtung für ein Hologramm |
| US8742369B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2014-06-03 | Honeywell International Inc. | Value documents and other articles having taggants that exhibit delayed maximum intensity emissions, and methods and apparatus for their authentication |
| US9658595B2 (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2017-05-23 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Security document and/or document of value containing a visually changeable window with a hologram |
| DE102012020257A1 (de) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-17 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Optisch variables Flächenmuster |
| DE102013217291A1 (de) | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-05 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Verfahren zum dezentralen Markieren eines Sicherheitsdokuments |
| DE102022206277A1 (de) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Masterplatte zur hologrammreplikation |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU584035B2 (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1989-05-11 | Kenneth John Hayden | Holographic security devices and systems |
| US4832445A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1989-05-23 | American Bank Note Holographics, Inc. | Security diffraction devices difficult to exactly duplicate |
| ATE98795T1 (de) * | 1988-09-30 | 1994-01-15 | Landis & Gyr Business Support | Beugungselement. |
| US5221957A (en) * | 1990-01-12 | 1993-06-22 | Physical Optics Corporation | Nonuniform holographic filter in a spectroscopic system |
-
1998
- 1998-08-31 PT PT98116431T patent/PT919961E/pt unknown
- 1998-08-31 AT AT98116431T patent/ATE242902T1/de active
- 1998-08-31 ES ES98116431T patent/ES2201382T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-31 DK DK98116431T patent/DK0919961T3/da active
- 1998-08-31 EP EP98116431A patent/EP0919961B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-23 CA CA002247974A patent/CA2247974C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-10 CN CN98124631A patent/CN1113277C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-09 JP JP31769198A patent/JPH11240280A/ja active Pending
-
1999
- 1999-12-15 HK HK99105900A patent/HK1020924A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0919961A3 (de) | 2000-01-12 |
| HK1020924A1 (en) | 2000-05-26 |
| EP0919961B1 (de) | 2003-06-11 |
| CA2247974A1 (en) | 1999-05-27 |
| ES2201382T3 (es) | 2004-03-16 |
| CN1222455A (zh) | 1999-07-14 |
| PT919961E (pt) | 2003-10-31 |
| ATE242902T1 (de) | 2003-06-15 |
| EP0919961A2 (de) | 1999-06-02 |
| CA2247974C (en) | 2007-09-04 |
| DK0919961T3 (da) | 2003-09-08 |
| JPH11240280A (ja) | 1999-09-07 |
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