CN111327172B - Generator based on friction and magnetic induction - Google Patents
Generator based on friction and magnetic induction Download PDFInfo
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- CN111327172B CN111327172B CN201910057253.5A CN201910057253A CN111327172B CN 111327172 B CN111327172 B CN 111327172B CN 201910057253 A CN201910057253 A CN 201910057253A CN 111327172 B CN111327172 B CN 111327172B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a generator based on friction and magnetic induction, which is a hollow sphere and is formed by bonding an upper hemisphere and a lower hemisphere, and the generator sequentially comprises the following components from outside to inside: the photovoltaic solar cell comprises an insulating spherical shell (1), a photovoltaic layer (7), a coil (2), a charge induction layer (3) and a first friction layer (4), wherein the insulating spherical shell (1), the coil (2), the charge induction layer (3) and the first friction layer (4) are sequentially attached; a magnetic ball (5) is arranged in the ball shell, and a second friction layer (6) is wrapped on the outer surface of the magnetic ball (5) and can freely roll in the ball shell; at the joint of the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere, the charge induction layer (3) is disconnected to form two electrodes, and two ends of the coil (2) are respectively led out from the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere; the polarity of the first friction layer (4) is opposite to that of the second friction layer (6). This generator adds magnetic induction power generation structure and photovoltaic structure, generates electricity simultaneously through friction and photoelectricity and magnetic induction, has improved the output of signal of telecommunication greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of generators, in particular to a generator based on friction and magnetic induction.
Background
In recent years, clean energy has become a focus of global attention, and researchers have developed generators for converting clean energy such as mechanical energy, vibration energy, wind energy, and tidal energy into electric energy. On the earth, the ocean area occupies 71 percent and contains abundant resources, so that a reliable research direction is provided for collecting new energy by reasonably utilizing the wave energy of the seawater.
At present, relevant researches are carried out on the collection of wave energy, for example, Xiiaofeng Wang et al designs a closed spherical rolling type friction generator, electric energy is generated through friction between a rolling ball and an attaching material of an inner spherical shell, and an LED lamp can be lightened by an output signal of the generator; liang Xu et al also made similar studies, but replaced the friction material used in its devices, and made no other major innovations. The electric energy generated by only depending on the friction of the material is relatively small, limited and not high in practicability. If the friction is combined with the magnetic induction, ocean wave energy can be collected through the friction, and electric energy can be generated by means of the magnetic induction, so that the output of electric signals can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the technical problem in the prior art, the invention provides a generator based on friction and magnetic induction, which is used for improving the output of an electric signal of the generator.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a generator based on friction and magnetic induction, which is a hollow spherical generator and is formed by bonding an upper hemisphere and a lower hemisphere, wherein a spherical shell part of the hollow spherical generator sequentially comprises the following components from outside to inside:
the coil comprises an insulating spherical shell 1, a coil 2, a charge induction layer 3 and a first friction layer 4, wherein the insulating spherical shell 1, the coil 2, the charge induction layer 3 and the first friction layer 4 are sequentially attached; a magnetic ball 5 is arranged at the hollow part of the hollow ball, and a second friction layer 6 is wrapped on the outer surface of the magnetic ball 5 and can freely roll at the hollow part; at the joint of the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere, the charge induction layer 3 is disconnected to form two electrodes, and two ends of the coil 2 are respectively led out from the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere; the polarity of the first friction layer 4 is opposite to that of the second friction layer 6; the charge induction layer 3, the first friction layer 4 and the second friction layer 6 form a friction power generation structure, and the magnetic ball 5 and the coil 2 form a magnetic induction power generation structure.
Alternatively, the first friction layer 4 is a friction material which is positively charged after friction, and the second friction layer 6 is a friction material which is negatively charged after friction.
Alternatively, the first frictional layer 4 is a nylon film and the second frictional layer 6 is a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer film.
Alternatively, the first friction layer 4 is a friction material that is negatively charged after friction, and the second friction layer 6 is a friction material that is positively charged after friction.
Alternatively, the first frictional layer 4 is a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer film and the second frictional layer 6 is a nylon film.
Optionally, the first friction layer 4 is a whole piece and is fully attached to the surface of the charge induction layer 3, and the charge induction layer 3 is a whole piece and is fully attached to the coil 2.
Alternatively, the first frictional layer 4 is shaped in a plurality of strips, with gaps between the different strips.
Alternatively, the charge-sensing layer 3 is in the shape of a plurality of strips, and different strips are connected and conducted with each other.
Optionally, the magnetic field of the magnetic ball 5 cuts the coil 2 to generate a current with an average value of 3.5 milliamperes and an instantaneous maximum value of 7.8 milliamperes, and the output voltage with an average value of 10 volts and an instantaneous maximum value of 18 volts;
alternatively, the first friction layer 4 rubs against the second friction layer 6 to generate a current with an average value of 0.2 microampere and an instantaneous maximum value of 0.82 microampere, and an output voltage with an average value of 1.2 volts and an instantaneous maximum value of 2.9 volts.
Optionally, the coil 2 is an enameled coil, two ends of which are respectively led out from the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere for outputting current, and the charge induction layer 3 is an aluminum foil layer.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a friction and magnetic induction based generator, which is characterized in that an electromagnetic power generation structure is added in a known spherical shell generator structure, and the generator further comprises a photovoltaic structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a friction and magnetic induction based generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a friction and magnetic induction based generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coil wrap in a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the attachment of a first friction material in a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the photovoltaic panel attached along the inner wall of the insulating ball;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic induction power generation mechanism in a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a triboelectric generation mechanism in a generator according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the electrical output signal of a friction and magnetic induction based generator of an embodiment of the present invention: (a) the voltage graph is output by a magnetoelectric part, (b) the current graph is output by the magnetoelectric part, (c) the voltage graph is output by a triboelectric part, and (d) the current graph is output by the triboelectric part;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the photovoltaic portion output electrical signal of a tribo-photoelectric-electromagnetic induction based generator of an embodiment of the present invention: (a) is an output voltage diagram, and (b) is an output current diagram.
[ REFERENCE INDICATIONS ] the same structure in different drawings is denoted by the same reference numeral
1-insulating layer
2-coil
3-Charge-inducing layer
4-first friction material
5-magnetic ball
6-second Friction Material
7-photovoltaic layer
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure.
The embodiment of the invention provides a generator based on friction and magnetic induction power generation, which is used for collecting ocean wave energy and solar energy and converting the wave energy and the solar energy into electric energy. The working schematic diagram of the generator is shown in fig. 1, the generator has three ways to generate electric signals, one way is between friction materials, a large amount of two different charges are generated under mechanical friction, so that electric signals are output, the other way is a magnetic ball cutting coil, electric signals are generated through magnetic induction, and the third way is photovoltaic power generation. The generator is simple to manufacture, low in energy consumption, capable of storing output voltage through some ways and convenient to use, fully utilizes ocean resources, belongs to clean pollution-free power generation, and develops a new method for generating electric energy.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a structural diagram of a friction and magnetic induction based generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, the generator is a hollow sphere and is formed by bonding an upper hemisphere and a lower hemisphere, and a spherical shell sequentially includes from outside to inside: the coil comprises an insulating spherical shell 1, a coil 2, a charge induction layer 3 and a first friction layer 4, wherein the coil 2 is attached to the surface of the insulating spherical shell 1, the charge induction layer 3 is attached to the coil 2, and the first friction layer 4 is attached to the surface of the charge induction layer 3.
The generator of this embodiment can also include photovoltaic layer 7, and photovoltaic layer 7 is attached in insulating spherical shell 1 internal surface, and coil 2 is attached in photovoltaic layer 7 surface, and structure makes the generator have the third way of producing the signal of telecommunication like this: sunlight irradiates the photovoltaic material to generate an electric signal. In the generator with the structure, the insulating spherical shell 1 is made of transparent materials, so that light can penetrate through the insulating spherical shell to form photovoltaic power generation.
At the position where the upper and lower hemispheres are bonded, the first friction layer 4 is disconnected, and simultaneously, the charge induction layer 3 is disconnected to form two electrodes for outputting an electric signal generated by the friction electrification of the generator.
The hollow part in the ball shell is provided with a magnetic ball 5, the outer surface of the magnetic ball is wrapped with a second friction layer 6, and the magnetic ball can freely roll in the hollow part.
The first friction layer 4 and the second friction layer 6 have opposite charge types in friction electrification, the coil 2 and the magnetic ball 5 of the first friction layer 4 form a magnetic induction power generation structure, and the first friction layer 4, the second friction layer 6 and the charge induction layer 3 form a friction power generation structure.
The coil 2 surrounded by the inner surface of the spherical shell is a whole, the connection part of the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere is not disconnected, two ends of the coil are respectively led out from the top of the upper hemisphere and the top of the lower hemisphere and used for outputting an electric signal generated by the magnetic induction power generation of the generator, and the surrounding mode is shown in fig. 3.
The following is a list of several preferred embodiments of the present invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating spherical shell 1 is a hard plastic spherical shell, the coil 2 is an enameled coil, the charge sensing layer 3 is an aluminum foil layer, the first friction layer 4 is a friction material with positive charge after friction, and is selected to be a nylon film, and the second friction layer 6 is a friction material with negative charge after friction, and is selected to be a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) film. The nylon film is a whole piece and is completely attached to the aluminum foil, and the aluminum foil is a whole piece and is completely attached to the enameled coil.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating spherical shell 1 is a hard plastic spherical shell, the coil 2 is an enameled coil, the charge sensing layer 3 is an aluminum foil layer, the first friction layer 4 is a friction material with negative charge after friction, and is selected to be a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) film, and the second friction layer 6 is a friction material with positive charge after friction, and is selected to be a nylon film. The FEP film is a whole piece and is completely attached to the aluminum foil, and the aluminum foil is a whole piece and is completely attached to the enameled coil.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating spherical shell 1 is a hard plastic spherical shell, the coil 2 is an enameled coil, the charge-sensing layer 3 is an aluminum foil layer, the first friction layer 4 is a friction material with positive (negative) electricity after friction and is a nylon film (FEP film), and the second friction layer 6 is a friction material with negative (positive) electricity after friction and is an FEP film (nylon film). The first frictional layer 4 is formed of a plurality of strips having gaps between the different strips, and is attached in a cross-sectional view as shown in fig. 4. The charge-sensing layer 3 may be a whole piece of foil, or may be the same shape as the first friction material 4, but different aluminum foil strips are connected and conducted with each other.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating spherical shell 1 is a hard transparent plastic spherical shell, the coil 2 is an enameled coil, the charge-sensing layer 3 is an aluminum foil layer, the first friction layer 4 is a friction material with positive (negative) electricity after friction and is a nylon film (FEP film), and the second friction layer 6 is a friction material with negative (positive) electricity after friction and is an FEP film (nylon film). The charge induction layer 3 is a whole piece and is completely attached to the enameled coil. A layer of photovoltaic material 7 is arranged between the insulating spherical shell 1 and the coil 2, the attachment schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5, and the photovoltaic material 7 is closely attached to the insulating spherical shell 1 and the coil 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of magnetic induction power generation when the generator is in operation. As shown in fig. 6, when the whole spherical generator swings with waves, the magnetic ball 5 rolls in the hollow part of the spherical shell, the magnetic field cuts the coil 2 because the magnetic ball itself has a magnetic field, and the magnetic flux of the coil 2 pair changes with the rolling of the magnetic ball 5, and the change of the magnetic flux generates induced electromotive force according to the faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, so that electric signals are output through two ends of the coil 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of friction power generation when the generator is in operation. As shown in fig. 7, as the magnetic ball 5 rolls in the hollow, the second friction layer 6(FEP film) coated on the outer surface of the magnetic ball 5 and the first friction layer 4 (nylon film) are in contact with each other and rub due to the difference in polarity between the two materials. The nylon material is positively charged, the FEP material is negatively charged, the charge induction layer 3 attached to the bottom layer of the nylon film generates induced charges, in order to keep the electricity neutral, the magnetic ball 5 is arranged on the hemispherical side, the charge induction layer 3 is provided with charges (positive charges) opposite to those of the second friction layer 6 (the FEP film), the magnetic ball 5 is arranged on the hemispherical side, the charge induction layer 3 is provided with charges (negative charges) opposite to those of the first friction layer 4 (the nylon film), and when external loads are respectively connected to two disconnected sides of the charge induction layer 3 (the two disconnected sides of the charge induction layer 3 simultaneously serve as two electrodes), the charges move to generate current.
FIG. 8 is a graph of electrical output signals of a friction and magnetic induction based generator in an embodiment of the invention: (a) the output voltage diagram of the magnetoelectric part, (b) the output current diagram of the magnetoelectric part, (c) the output voltage diagram of the triboelectric part, and (d) the output current diagram of the triboelectric part. As shown in fig. 8, the average output current of the magnetic induction power generation part of the generator is 3.5mA, the instantaneous maximum output current is 7.8mA, the average output voltage is 10V, and the instantaneous maximum output voltage is 18V; the average output current of the friction power generation part is 0.2uA, the instantaneous maximum output current is 0.82uA, the average output voltage is 1.2V, and the instantaneous maximum output voltage is 2.9V. Compared with two sets of data, it can be seen that the electric energy output by the magnetic induction power generation part is far higher than the electric energy output by the friction power generation part, so that the magnetic induction power generation structure is added in the spherical shell-shaped power generator structure based on friction power generation, the output of electric signals is greatly improved, the collection capacity of wave energy is improved, and the practicability is higher.
Fig. 9 shows a graph of an output electrical signal after the photovoltaic material is attached, wherein the output voltage of the photovoltaic part is about 3.2V, and the output current is about 38 mA.
In addition, the above definitions of the material types and combinations of the generators are not limited to the material types and combinations mentioned in the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily modify or replace them, for example: the first friction layer 4 and the second friction layer 6 are not limited to nylon films and FEP films, but can be other two different friction materials, and the two materials are opposite in polarity, namely one material is positively charged and the other material is negatively charged after being rubbed with each other; the insulating spherical shell 1 is not limited to a hard plastic shell, and other insulating materials with strong hardness can be used; the charge induction layer 3 is not limited to aluminum foil, and can generate induction charges under the action of external charges, such as copper foil and other metal materials; the first friction layer 4 is not limited to be attached in a stripe shape or a one-piece shape. The invention is not limited.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a friction and magnetic induction based generator, in which a magnetic ball and a photovoltaic layer are added in a spherical shell shape, so that the magnetic ball and a coil form a magnetic induction power generation structure, and the photovoltaic layer forms a photovoltaic power generation structure.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a generator based on friction and magnetic induction, the generator is a hollow sphere type, forms by upper and lower hemisphere bonding, its characterized in that, hollow sphere type's spherical shell part includes from outside-in proper order:
the coil comprises an insulating spherical shell (1), a coil (2), a charge induction layer (3) and a first friction layer (4), wherein the insulating spherical shell (1), the coil (2), the charge induction layer (3) and the first friction layer (4) are sequentially attached;
a magnetic ball (5) is arranged at the hollow part of the hollow ball, and a second friction layer (6) is wrapped on the outer surface of the magnetic ball (5) and can freely roll at the hollow part;
wherein, at the joint of the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere, the charge induction layer (3) is disconnected, and two ends of the coil (2) are respectively led out from the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere;
wherein the first friction layer (4) and the second friction layer (6) are of opposite polarity;
the charge induction layer (3), the first friction layer (4) and the second friction layer (6) form a friction power generation structure, and the magnetic ball (5) and the coil (2) form a magnetic induction power generation structure;
the first friction layer (4) is in a whole piece shape and is completely attached to the surface of the charge induction layer (3), and the charge induction layer (3) is in a whole piece shape and is completely attached to the coil (2).
2. The friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the first friction layer (4) is a friction material that is positively charged after friction and the second friction layer (6) is a friction material that is negatively charged after friction.
3. The friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 2, characterized in that the first friction layer (4) is a nylon film and the second friction layer (6) is a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer film.
4. The friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the first friction layer (4) is a friction material that is negatively charged after friction and the second friction layer (6) is a friction material that is positively charged after friction.
5. Friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 4 characterized by the fact that the first friction layer (4) is a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer film and the second friction layer (6) is a nylon film.
6. The friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first friction layer (4) is shaped as a plurality of strips, with gaps between the different strips.
7. Friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 1 characterised by the fact that the charge induction layer (3) is shaped as a plurality of strips, the different strips being mutually connected and conductive.
8. The friction and magnetic induction based generator according to claim 3 characterized by the fact that the magnetic field of the magnetic ball (5) cuts the coil (2) producing a current with an average value of 3.5 milliamps and an instantaneous maximum value of 7.8 milliamps, an average value of the output voltage of 10 volts and an instantaneous maximum value of 18 volts;
the average value of the current generated by the friction of the first friction layer (4) and the second friction layer (6) is 0.2 microampere, the instantaneous maximum value is 0.82 microampere, the average value of the output voltage is 1.2 volts, and the instantaneous maximum value is 2.9 volts.
9. The friction and magnetic induction based generator according to any of the claims 1 to 8, further comprising a photovoltaic layer (7), wherein the photovoltaic layer (7) is attached to the inner surface of the insulating spherical shell (1), and the coil (2) is attached to the surface of the photovoltaic layer (7).
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| CN201910057253.5A CN111327172B (en) | 2019-01-21 | 2019-01-21 | Generator based on friction and magnetic induction |
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| CN111327172B true CN111327172B (en) | 2021-08-27 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112350443A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江大学 | Sea wave energy collector based on magnetic force and triboelectric effect |
| CN112532103B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-09-28 | 上海大学 | Ocean energy collection device |
| CN112886855B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2023-02-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | Nano power generation mechanism, bipolar spherical nano power generator and energy supply system |
| CN113178937B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2023-01-06 | 珠海创旗科技有限公司 | Self-powered ocean Internet of things node and system |
| CN114710059B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2024-05-28 | 浙江大学 | Friction nano generator for collecting wind energy |
| CN114744908B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-08-18 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Spherical composite power generation unit and power generation equipment thereof |
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| CN106469996A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-03-01 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | A kind of composite nano electromotor and wearable device |
| KR20170054778A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-18 | 한국과학기술원 | Hybrid generator using natural energy and method of generating electricity using same |
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| CN103780127A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-05-07 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Friction nanometer generator |
| CN106469996A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2017-03-01 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | A kind of composite nano electromotor and wearable device |
| KR20170054778A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-18 | 한국과학기술원 | Hybrid generator using natural energy and method of generating electricity using same |
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