CN111323591A - 一种用于铀u(vi)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法 - Google Patents
一种用于铀u(vi)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生化分析与药物筛选技术领域。涉及用于铀促排药物体外筛选的方法,尤其涉及一种基于竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定促排药物与金属硫蛋白(MT1/2)竞争结合U(VI)或Zn2+作用的方法,本方法中,将抗原金属硫蛋白(MT1/2)包被在96孔酶标板上,经封闭、U(VI)或Zn2+处理、螯合剂处理、特异性MT1/2单克隆抗体(一抗)与包被抗原结合、酶标二抗与一抗结合、酶反应底物显色及终止反应后,用酶标仪测定吸光度值,通过对药物/无药物处理体系的吸光度值变化情况的统计分析,评价螯合剂竞争结合MT1/2上U(VI)和Zn2+的能力强弱。本发明方法具有简便、快速和高通量的优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生化分析与药物筛选技术领域。涉及用于铀促排药物体外筛选的方法,具体涉及一种用于铀(U)(VI)促排药物(螯合剂类)药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态影响的体外筛选方法,尤其涉及一种基于竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定促排药物与金属硫蛋白(MT1/2)竞争结合U(VI)或Zn2+作用的方法,
背景技术
现有技术公开了铀及其化合物在核工业和军事上的用途非常广泛,铀内污染人体的潜在危险及对人体健康的危害问题倍受世界各国所关注。研究显示,铀化合物通过吸入、食入或伤口进入人体后,通常以稳定的6价铀酰离子(UO2 2+,U(Ⅵ))的形式存在于体液中,在血液中易与无机酸、有机酸及血浆蛋白结合,经血液循环运输到肾脏和骨骼等主要蓄积靶器官而产生毒性作用。临床实践中采用螯合剂类药物加速体内铀的排出是其主要的治疗措施,但目前仍无有效的药物用于临床,因此寻求高效低毒的铀促排螯合剂一直是研究者们不懈努力的目标。
研究公开了金属硫蛋白(MT)是人体富含半胱氨酸的低分子量的金属结合蛋白,有四种异构体,其中MT1和MT2主要由肝脏和肾脏合成,受Zn2+的正向调控,也是维持细胞内Zn2 +稳态的重要蛋白,它们主要分布于细胞的胞浆中,亦存在于细胞核中,还有少量存在于细胞外液如血浆、胆汁和尿液中,在重金属解毒及微量元素代谢中发挥重要作用。有研究报道,内源性MT通过与重金属镉(Cd2+)螯合形成无毒性的Cd-MT复合物由尿排出体外,从而降低Cd2+对小鼠的肾毒性;预防性给予ZnSO4诱导大鼠内源性MT高表达,亦能明显促进尿贫铀(DU(Ⅵ))排出及降低肾DU(Ⅵ)蓄积,对DU(Ⅵ)致肾损伤有较好的保护作用,表明MT亦能通过与U(Ⅵ)结合形成无毒或低毒的U(Ⅵ)-MT螯合物经尿排出体外而发挥机体的自我保护功能。但又有研究发现,血液循环中的Cd-MT复合物还可被肾小管上皮细胞重吸收,在溶酶体内降解分离,释放出游离Cd2+直接对细胞的结构和功能造成损伤,提示内源性MT对重金属Cd2+的肾毒性具有减轻或加重的双向作用;与之相似,U(Ⅵ)与金属转运蛋白复合物包括U(Ⅵ)-MT复合物通过血液循环运输到肾脏,经肾小球滤过后大部分可被肾小管上皮细胞重吸收,在溶酶体中解离形成磷酸铀晶体,随着该晶体的生长导致溶酶体破坏,释放出游离U(Ⅵ)导致细胞损伤;由此表明内源性MT对机体的保护作用是有限的,必须给予促排药物才能达到更为有效的治疗效果,而螯合剂与内源性MT竞争螯合U(Ⅵ)的作用是影响螯合剂排铀效果的关键因素之一。
迄今为止,已公开有多种基于ELISA法检测生物样品包括血清、血浆、尿液、组织匀浆和细胞上清液等相关液体样本中MT含量的方法,如竞争ELISA法、双抗体一步夹心ELISA法等;以及基于鱼MT含量检测ELISA法用于监测水体生态环境中Cd2+等重金属污染程度的方法;还有研究报道,Cd2+、Zn2+与MT抗体对MT的结合存在竞争作用,等;具有简便、快速、廉价、用药量少、高通量和便于推广应用的优点,但尚未见相关竞争ELISA法用于放射性核素U(Ⅵ)促排药物药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态影响的体外筛选的报道。
基于现有技术的现状与基础,本申请的发明人拟提供新的用于铀促排药物体外筛选的方法,具体涉及一种用于铀(U)(VI)促排药物(螯合剂类)药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态影响的体外筛选方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有U(VI)促排药物的药效筛选及对体内微量元素Zn2+稳态影响的筛选主要采用动物实验进行评价,存在用药量大、需时长、费用高、无法满足高通量筛选等的缺陷,提供新的用于铀促排药物体外筛选的方法,具体涉及一种用于铀促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,尤其是一种基于竞争ELISA法测定促排药物与MT1/2竞争结合U(VI)和Zn2+的能力,用于体外筛选U(VI)促排药物的药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态影响的方法,本方法具有简便、快速、高通量和费用低的优点。
本发明的筛选U(VI)促排药物的药效及其对Zn2+稳态影响的方法,以U(VI)或Zn2+与MT1/2结合可干扰MT1/2抗原与MT1/2抗体结合致使吸光度值明显降低为基础,其中,先使U(VI)或Zn2+与MT1/2结合,再加入螯合剂,当螯合剂能竞争结合MT1/2结合的U(VI)或Zn2+时,则能使MT1/2抗原与MT1/2抗体结合的位点恢复,使MT1/2抗原与MT1/2抗体结合增加、与MT1/2抗体结合的酶标二抗增加、酶反应底物显色增多以致吸光度值增加;而当螯合剂对U(VI)或Zn2+的结合能力小于或等于MT1/2与U(VI)或Zn2+的结合能力时,无法使结合在MT1/2上的U(VI)或Zn2+解离或MT1/2与U(VI)或Zn2+的结合和解离处于动态平衡之中,以致无法增加MT1/2与MT1/2抗体的结合位点而对吸光度值无明显影响,因此,可通过吸光度值变化对铀促排药物的药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态影响进行体外筛选。
具体的,本发明的U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,包括其促排效果的筛选及其对Zn2+稳态影响的筛选;其特征在于:将MT1/2抗原包被在酶标板上;4℃孵育过夜后用含1%牛血清白蛋白的磷酸盐缓冲液封闭;洗板后加入一定浓度的U(VI)溶液或Zn2+溶液,37℃孵育后洗板;加入一定浓度的螯合剂,37℃孵育后洗板;加入特异性MT1/2单克隆抗体,37℃孵育后洗板;加入酶标二抗,37℃孵育后洗板;加入酶反应底物OPD,室温避光孵育后加入终止反应液2mol/L硫酸终止反应,然后用酶标仪在490nm处测定吸光度值。
更具体的,本发明的筛选方法包括以下步骤:
(1)用包被缓冲液(0.1mol/L碳酸盐缓冲液(CBS),pH 9.6)溶解及稀释MT1/2至0.6~2μg/mL,优选1~2μg/mL,加入96孔酶标板中,100μL/孔,4℃包被过夜;
(2)用PBST,其中含0.05%Tween 20的磷酸盐缓冲液,洗板3次,5min/次,弃液拍干;用含1%牛血清白蛋白的磷酸盐缓冲液作为封闭液,200μL/孔,4℃封闭过夜;
(3)封闭结束后,弃液拍干,加入150~600μmol/L(优选300μmol/L)的U(VI)溶液或Zn2+溶液,100μL/孔,37℃孵育3h;
(4)U(VI)溶液或Zn2+溶液处理结束后,用PBST洗板3次,弃液拍干,加入一定浓度的螯合剂,100μL/孔,37℃孵育0.5~3h;
(5)螯合剂处理结束后,用PBST洗板3次,弃液拍干,加入0.5~2μg/mL(优选1~2μg/mL)的MT1/2抗体(一抗),100μL/孔,37℃孵育1~3h;
(6)一抗孵育结束后,用PBST洗板3次,弃液拍干,加入1:1000~2000倍稀释的HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG二抗,100μL/孔,37℃,孵育1h;
(7)二抗孵育结束后,用PBST洗板3次,弃液拍干,每孔加入100μl新鲜配制的0.4mg/ml邻苯二胺(OPD)底物显色液(用pH 5.5柠檬酸-磷酸盐缓冲液配制),100μL/孔,室温避光显色15min后,每孔加入50μl 2mol/L H2SO4溶液终止反应;
(8)于酶标仪490nm波长处测定吸光度值A490。
本发明方法中,反应体系中以pH 9.60.05~0.1mol/L CBS作为包被缓冲液,包被抗原MT1/2工作浓度为0.6~2μg/mL,MT1/2抗体工作浓度为0.5~2μg/mL,U(VI)溶液和Zn2+溶液的工作浓度为150~600μmol/L,U(VI)和Zn2+溶液孵育的温度和时间各为37℃孵育3h,螯合剂孵育的温度和时间为37℃孵育0.5~3h,封闭液为含1%牛血清白蛋白的pH7.40.01mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液,酶标二抗为辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的二抗,洗液为含0.05%Tween 20、pH 7.40.01mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(PBST),显色底物为0.4mg/mL邻苯二胺,以pH 5.5的柠檬酸-磷酸盐缓冲液配制。
本发明提供了一种用于铀促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,尤其是一种基于竞争ELISA法测定促排药物与MT1/2竞争结合U(VI)和Zn2+的能力,用于体外筛选U(VI)促排药物的药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态影响的方法,经实验证实,该方法能解决现有U(VI)促排药物的药效筛选及对体内微量元素Zn2+稳态影响的筛选方法存在的缺陷,如需采用动物实验进行评价,用药量大、需时长、费用高、无法满足高通量筛选等,本方法较现有技术具有简便、快速、高通量和费用低的优点。
附图说明
图1显示了包被抗原MT1/2的质量浓度与吸光度值的关系,其中MT1/2抗体质量浓度为1μg/ml;与0μg/mL MT1/2组相比较,***P<0.001;与相邻低浓度的MT1/2组相比较,##P<0.01,###P<0.001。
图2显示了MT1/2抗体质量浓度与吸光度值的关系,其中包被抗原MT1/2的质量浓度为2μg/mL;与0μg/mL MT1/2抗体组相比较,**P<0.01,***P<0.001;与相邻低浓度的MT1/2抗体组相比较,##P<0.01,###P<0.001。
图3显示了U(VI)和Zn2+与MT1/2抗体对MT1/2的竞争结合作用,其中与0μmol/L相同离子(U(VI)或Zn2+)组相比较,***P<0.001;与相邻低浓度的相同离子(U(VI)或Zn2+)组相比较,#P<0.05,##P<0.01。
图4显示了螯合剂与MT1/2竞争结合U(Ⅵ)能力的比较,其中与空白对照组相比较,**P<0.01,***P<0.001;与U(Ⅵ)处理组相比较,###P<0.001;与相同浓度的CBMIDA-CaNa2组相比较,+P<0.05,++P<0.01。
图5是螯合剂与MT1/2竞争结合Zn2+能力的比较,其中与空白对照组相比较,***P<0.001。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明基于竞争ELISA法的U(Ⅵ)促排药物体外筛选方法作进一步说明。
实施例1竞争ELISA检测系统条件的建立
(1)包被抗原MT1/2及MT1/2抗体工作浓度的确定
采用不同质量浓度(0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1、2、3和4μg/mL)的MT1/2抗原包被96孔酶标板,与1μg/mL MT1/2抗体特异结合,以及采用不同质量浓度(0.015625、0.03125、0.0625、0.125、0.25、0.5、1、2、4和8μg/mL)的MT1/2抗体与2μg/mL MT1/2抗原包被的酶标板进行免疫反应,以确定本实验体系包被抗原MT1/2和MT1/2抗体的最佳工作浓度,实验步骤如下:
①用包被缓冲液(0.1mol/L碳酸盐缓冲液,pH 9.6)溶解及稀释MT至一定的质量浓度,加入96孔酶标板中,100μL/孔,4℃包被过夜;
②用PBST(含0.05%Tween 20的磷酸盐缓冲液)洗板3次,每次5min,洗去未结合的MT1/2,弃液拍干;用含1%牛血清白蛋白的磷酸盐缓冲液作为封闭液,200μL/孔,4℃封闭过夜;
③封闭结束后,弃液拍干,加入一定质量浓度的MT1/2抗体(一抗),100μL/孔,37℃孵育3h,使MT1/2抗体与孔板上的MT1/2进行特异结合;
④一抗孵育结束后,用PBST洗板3次,每次5min,洗去未结合的一抗;弃液拍干后加入1:2000倍稀释的HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG二抗,100μL/孔,37℃,孵育1h;
⑤二抗孵育结束后,用PBST洗板3次,每次5min,洗去未结合的二抗;弃液拍干后加入新鲜配制的OPD底物溶液(0.4mg/mL的柠檬酸-磷酸盐缓冲液,pH 5.5),100μL/孔,室温避光显色15min后,每孔加入50μL 2mol/L H2SO4溶液终止反应;于酶标仪490nm波长处测定吸光度值A490。
图1显示了随着包被抗原MT1/2质量浓度的增加,吸光度值明显增加(P<0.001),其中当包被抗原MT1/2浓度为0.6~2μg/mL时,吸光度值快速增加至峰值,处于灵敏响应范围,同时考虑吸光度值所处的数值,本发明选取0.6~2μg/mL作为包被抗原MT1/2的工作浓度,峰值及近峰值的吸光度值对应的包被抗原MT1/2浓度1~2μg/mL为最佳工作浓度;
图2显示了随着MT1/2抗体浓度的增加,吸光度值明显增加(P<0.001),其中当MT1/2抗体浓度为0.5~2μg/mL时,吸光度值快速增加至峰值,处于灵敏响应范围,同时考虑吸光度值所处的数值,本发明选择0.8~2μg/mL为MT1/2抗体的工作浓度,峰值及近峰值的吸光度值对应的MT1/2抗体浓度1~2μg/mL为最佳工作浓度。
(2)U(VI)和Zn2+工作浓度的确定
采用上述(1)确定的包被抗原MT1/2和MT1/2抗体的最佳工作浓度进行本实验;根据上述步骤(1)的实验,于封闭结束后,分别加入10、75、150、300和600μmol/L的U(VI)溶液和Zn2+溶液,50μL/孔,同时设置空白对照孔;以上所有孔中另加50μL 2μg/mL MT1/2抗体,37℃孵育3h,一抗孵育结束后,按上述(1)中后续步骤进行,以确定本实验体系中U(VI)溶液和Zn2+溶液的工作浓度;
图3显示了不论是U(VI)还是Zn2+,随着其离子浓度的增加,该反应体系的吸光度值明显降低(P<0.05~0.001),其中在10~300μmol/L浓度范围内,吸光度值快速下降;在300~600μmol/L浓度范围内,吸光度值下降减缓,表明U(Ⅵ)、Zn2+与MT1/2的结合阻碍MT1/2抗体与MT1/2的结合,以致反应体系的吸光度值降低,而且U(VI)、Zn2+浓度越高,与MT1/2结合的U(VI)、Zn2+越多,吸光度值下降的幅度越大;当离子浓度增大到一定程度后,U(Ⅵ)、Zn2+对MT1/2抗体与MT1/2结合的影响减弱;由于当U(VI)和Zn2+浓度为150、300和600μmol/L时,反应体系的吸光度值分别降低了约49%、58%和59%以及53%、75%和77%,选取150~600μmol/L为U(VI)和Zn2+的工作浓度,300μmol/L为其最佳工作浓度。
实施例2竞争ELISA法测定螯合剂与MT竞争结合U(VI)和Zn2+的能力
根据实施例1确定的实验条件和步骤,采用2μg/mL MT1/2抗原包被、1%牛血清白蛋白封闭和300μmol/L的U(VI)溶液孵育、洗板拍干后,分别加入100μL 125μmol/L和250μmol/L的CBMIDA-CaNa2、BPCBG和DTPA-CaNa3,37℃孵育3h;孵育完毕后弃液,洗板拍干后每孔加入100μL 2μg/mL MT1/2抗体,按实施例1步骤(1)进行;
由图4显示了300μmol/L U(Ⅵ)处理后使吸光度值显著降低(P<0.001);于U(Ⅵ)处理后分别给予125μmol/L和250μmol/L的CBMIDA-CaNa2和BPCBG作用后,反应体系的吸光度值均较U(Ⅵ)单独处理组明显增加,其中分别给予125μmol/L和250μmol/L的CBMIDA-CaNa2作用后,使吸光度值分别较U(Ⅵ)单独处理组明显提高了约25%和50%(P<0.001和P<0.001);分别给予125μmol/L和250μmol/L的BPCBG作用后,使吸光度值分别较U(Ⅵ)单独处理组明显提高了约11%和24%(P>0.05和P<0.01);进一步比较相同浓度下这两种螯合剂的作用,结果显示,CBMIDA-CaNa2增加吸光度值的作用明显高于BPCBG的作用(P<0.05和P<0.01);而分别给予125μmol/L和250μmol/L的DTPA-CaNa3处理后未能使吸光度值较U(Ⅵ)单独处理组明显增加;
实验结果表明,CBMIDA-CaNa2和BPCBG能竞争结合与MT1/2结合的U(Ⅵ),从而使MT1/2暴露出与MT1/2抗体结合的免疫位点,使吸光度值增加,而且CBMIDA-CaNa2的作用强于BPCBG,而DTPA-CaNa3未能竞争结合与MT1/2结合的U(Ⅵ),其结合U(Ⅵ)的能力小于或等于MT1/2。
实施例3螯合剂对MT与Zn2+结合的影响
根据实施例1确定的实验条件和步骤,采用2μg/mL MT1/2抗原包被、1%牛血清白蛋白封闭和300μmol/L的Zn2+溶液孵育、洗板拍干后,分别加入100μL 125μmol/L和250μmol/L的CBMIDA-CaNa2、BPCBG和DTPA-CaNa3,37℃孵育3h;孵育完毕后弃液,洗板拍干后,每孔加入100μL 2μg/mL MT1/2抗体,按实施例1步骤(1)进行;
图5显示了300μmol/L Zn2+处理使吸光度值显著降低(P<0.001);于Zn2+处理后分别给予125μmol/L和250μmol/L的CBMIDA-CaNa2、BPCBG和DTPA-CaNa3作用后,反应体系的吸光度值均较Zn2+单独处理组未见明显增加,表明该3种螯合剂与Zn2+的结合能力和MT1/2与Zn2+的结合能力无明显差异或低于MT1/2与Zn2+的结合能力。
实施例4螯合剂对急性U(Ⅵ)中毒大鼠促排效果的比较实验
采用大鼠U(Ⅵ)促排实验观察螯合剂对U(Ⅵ)的促排效果,验证本发明方法的可靠性:SPF级雄性SD大鼠30只,体重170g~200g,按体重随机分为5组,其中U(Ⅵ)中毒对照组10只,其余4组每组5只:①正常对照组,②U(Ⅵ)中毒对照组,③U(Ⅵ)中毒+CBMIDA-CaNa2组,④U(Ⅵ)中毒+BPCBG组,⑤U(Ⅵ)中毒+DTPA-CaNa3组;3个给药组大鼠于腹腔注射(ip)醋酸铀酰(500μg U/鼠)后立即肌肉注射(im)各螯合剂,CBMIDA-CaNa2和BPCBG的给药剂量均为250mg/kg,DTPA-CaNa3的给药剂量为500mg/kg;U(Ⅵ)中毒对照组于ip醋酸铀酰(500μg U/鼠)后立即im等体积生理盐水(NS),正常对照组大鼠ip NS后立即im NS;将实验大鼠置于代谢笼中,每笼1只,自由摄食和饮水,收集铀中毒后24h尿液,加去离子水稀释至50ml,取5ml置于烧杯中用于消解;于铀中毒后24h麻醉大鼠,解剖取两侧肾脏和股骨,置于烧杯中用于消解,在通风橱中加入浓硝酸/高氯酸组成的混合酸于装有尿液和组织样品的烧杯中,置石墨电热板上消化为白色残渣,经稀硝酸溶解稀释后,采用ICP-MS测定尿、肾脏及股骨样品中的铀含量,将测得的U(Ⅵ)中毒对照组及各螯合剂处理组样品的数值减去正常对照组的本底值,再乘以稀释倍数,换算成尿铀排出量和组织中铀蓄积量;结果如表1所示,其中显示,250mg/kg的CBMIDA-CaNa2和BPCBG立即给药,均可使U(Ⅵ)中毒大鼠24h尿U(Ⅵ)排出量较U(Ⅵ)中毒对照组显著增加(P<0.001和P<0.05),分别是U(Ⅵ)中毒对照组的2.1倍和1.6倍,肾U(VI)蓄积量分别较U(VI)中毒对照组显著降低约90%和44%(P<0.001和P<0.001),骨U(VI)蓄积量分别较U(VI)中毒对照组明显降低约73%和23%(P<0.001和P<0.01),其中CBMIDA-CaNa2促进尿铀排出、降低肾和骨铀蓄积的效果均显著高于BPCBG(P<0.05,P<0.01和P<0.001);给予高于以上2个螯合剂2倍剂量的DTPA-CaNa3(500mg/kg),虽然肾U(VI)蓄积量较U(VI)中毒对照组明显降低约27%(P<0.05),但明显低于以上2个螯合剂的效果,而24h尿U(VI)排出量较U(VI)中毒对照组未见明显增加,骨U(VI)蓄积量反而较U(VI)中毒对照组有增加趋势;
实验结果表明,CBMIDA-CaNa2和BPCBG对急性U(VI)中毒大鼠的排U(VI)效果明显优于DTPA-CaNa3,而且CBMIDA-CaNa2的排U(VI)效果明显优于BPCBG,与采用本发明方法测得的螯合剂与MT竞争结合U(Ⅵ)能力的强弱顺序(CBMIDA-CaNa2>BPCBG>DTPA-CaNa3)高度吻合。表1是CBMIDA-CaNa2、BPCBG和DTPA-CaNa3立即给药对U(VI)中毒大鼠的促排效果。
表1
其中:大鼠ip 500μg U/鼠,250mg/kg CBMIDA-CaNa2、250mg/kg BPCBG和500mg/kgDTPA-CaNa3与U(VI)的摩尔比分别为(42-50):1,(48-57):1和(81-96):1;
与U(VI)中毒对照组比较,*p<0.05,***p<0.001;与BPCBG组比较,#p<0.05,##p<0.01,###p<0.001;与DTPA-CaNa3组比较,§§p<0.01,§§§p<0.001。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于铀U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,其特征在于:包括其促排效果的筛选及其对Zn2+稳态影响的筛选。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铀U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,其特征在于,其包括:将MT1/2抗原包被在酶标板上;4℃孵育过夜后用含1%牛血清白蛋白的磷酸盐缓冲液封闭;洗板后加入一定浓度的U(VI)溶液或Zn2+溶液,37℃孵育后洗板;加入一定浓度的螯合剂,37℃孵育后洗板;加入特异性MT1/2单克隆抗体,37℃孵育后洗板;加入酶标二抗,37℃孵育后洗板;加入酶反应底物OPD,室温避光孵育后加入终止反应液2mol/L硫酸终止反应,然后用酶标仪在490nm处测定吸光度值。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的铀U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,其特征在于,通过下述步骤进行:
(1)包被:用包被缓冲液(碳酸盐缓冲液)溶解及稀释包被抗原兔肝MT1/2至工作浓度,加入96孔酶标板中,100μL/孔,4℃包被过夜,所述缓冲液为碳酸盐缓冲液;
(2)洗板:以PBST为洗液,洗板3次,每次5min,300μL/孔,弃液拍干;
(3)封闭:以1%牛血清白蛋白为封闭液,200μL/孔,4℃封闭过夜;封闭结束后,弃液拍干;
(4)U(VI)或Zn2+处理:加入一定浓度的U(VI)溶液和Zn2+溶液,100μL/孔,37℃孵育3h;
(5)洗板:同步骤(2);
(6)螯合剂处理:加入一定浓度的螯合剂,100μL/孔,37℃孵育0.5~3h;
(7)洗板:同步骤(2);
(8)加一抗:加入一定浓度的鼠抗MT1/2单克隆抗体(一抗),100μL/孔,37℃孵育1~3h;
(9)洗板:同步骤(2);
(10)加酶标二抗:加入1:1000~2000倍稀释的羊抗鼠IgG-HRP(二抗),100μL/孔,37℃孵育1h;
(11)洗板:同步骤(2);
(12)显色:加入新鲜配制的OPD底物显色液,100μL/孔,室温避光显色15min;
(13)终止反应:加2mol/L H2SO4溶液终止显色反应,50μL/孔;
(14)测定:于酶标仪490nm波长处测定吸光度值A490。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的铀U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,其特征在于:所述的U(VI)或Zn2+与MT1/2结合后能干扰包被抗原MT1/2与MT1/2单克隆抗体结合,使吸光度值降低50%以上。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的铀U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,其特征在于:当螯合剂有效竞争结合MT1/2上的U(VI)或Zn2+进而恢复MT1/2抗原与MT1/2抗体结合的位点时,使吸光度值明显增加;如果螯合剂结合U(VI)或Zn2+的能力小于或等于MT结合U(VI)或Zn2+的能力,则不能竞争结合MT上的U(VI)或Zn2+而无法增加吸光度值;所述吸光度值增加与否用于评价U(VI)促排药物的药效及其对机体Zn2+稳态的影响。
6.根据权利要求1~5任一所述的U(VI)促排药物体外筛选的竞争酶联免疫吸附测定方法,其特征在于,所述方法中,反应体系中以pH 9.6 0.05~0.1mol/L CBS作为包被缓冲液,包被抗原MT1/2工作浓度为0.6~2μg/mL,MT1/2抗体工作浓度为0.5~2μg/mL,U(VI)溶液和Zn2+溶液的工作浓度为150~600μmol/L,U(VI)和Zn2+溶液孵育的温度和时间各为37℃孵育3h,螯合剂孵育的温度和时间为37℃孵育0.5~3h,封闭液为含1%牛血清白蛋白的pH7.40.01mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液,酶标二抗为辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记的二抗,洗液为含0.05%Tween 20、pH 7.40.01mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(PBST),显色底物为0.4mg/mL邻苯二胺,以pH 5.5的柠檬酸-磷酸盐缓冲液配制。
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