CN111317579A - 用于手术器械的锁定机构 - Google Patents

用于手术器械的锁定机构 Download PDF

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CN111317579A
CN111317579A CN201911250682.0A CN201911250682A CN111317579A CN 111317579 A CN111317579 A CN 111317579A CN 201911250682 A CN201911250682 A CN 201911250682A CN 111317579 A CN111317579 A CN 111317579A
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surgical instrument
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贾斯汀·威廉斯
约瑟夫·艾辛格
迈克尔·英曼松
凯利·阿泽雷多
托马斯·温加德纳
戴维·瓦伦丁
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Covidien LP
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于手术器械的锁定机构。本发明的手术器械包括：第一驱动组合件，所述第一驱动组合件具有第一驱动齿轮；和锁定机构，所述锁定机构定位成与所述第一驱动组合件可释放地接合以禁止所述第一驱动齿轮旋转。所述锁定机构包括棘爪和用于将所述棘爪从与所述第一驱动齿轮接合的第一位置移动到与所述第一驱动齿轮间隔开的第二位置的致动器装置。

Description

用于手术器械的锁定机构
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年12月13日提交的美国临时专利申请第62/779,187号的权益和优先权，所述申请的全部公开内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及手术器械。更具体地，本公开涉及用于手术器械的锁定机构。
背景技术
用于例如将钉、夹子或其它紧固件施加到组织的手术器械为众所周知的。通常，手术器械包括致动单元，例如用于致动器械的柄部组合件、用于进出体腔的细长轴和设置在细长轴的远侧端部处的工具组合件。手术器械可为手动的或动力的。典型地，一个或多个驱动组合件从柄部组合件延伸通过手术器械的细长轴，用于实现端部执行器的至少一种功能，例如，夹持、缝合或切割。
具有一种或多种机械锁定机构的手术器械将为有益的，以在满足某些条件之前禁止手术器械的操作和/或防止手术器械的第二次或后续操作。
发明内容
根据本公开的一方面，提供手术器械。手术器械包括：第一驱动组合件，所述第一驱动组合件包括第一驱动齿轮；和锁定机构，所述锁定机构定位成与第一驱动组合件可释放地接合以禁止第一驱动齿轮旋转。锁定机构包括棘爪和用于将棘爪从与第一驱动齿轮接合的第一位置移动到与第一驱动齿轮间隔开的第二位置的致动器装置。
在实施例中，棘爪包括多个齿，并且第一驱动齿轮包括多个齿。当棘爪处于第一位置时，棘爪的多个齿可接合第一驱动齿轮的多个齿。棘爪可从第一位置枢转到第二位置。手术器械可另外包括适配器组合件。第一驱动组合件和锁定机构可设置在适配器组合件内。致动器可包括电动机、伺服器或电磁体。
手术器械可另外包括柄部组合件。适配器组合件可以可释放地固定至柄部组合件。另外，手术器械可另外包括可释放地固定至适配器组合件的端部执行器。端部执行器可包括装载单元和砧座组合件。
还提供包括以下的手术器械：细长主体、容纳在细长主体内的驱动构件、可释放地容纳在细长主体内的套管针组合件，以及用于将套管针组合件可释放地固定在细长主体内的保持机构。驱动构件包括凸缘并且可在缩回位置和前进位置之间移动。套管针组合件包括限定第一相对开口和第二相对开口的套管针壳体。保持机构包括凸轮线，所述凸轮线包括自由端并且可在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动。当凸轮线处于锁定位置时，凸轮线的自由端阻碍驱动构件的凸缘的路径，以禁止驱动构件移动到前进位置。
在实施例中，保持机构另外包括可移动地围绕凸轮线定位的第一保持构件和第二保持构件。当套管针组合件安放在细长主体内时，第一保持构件和第二保持构件可以可释放地容纳在套管针壳体的第一相对开口和第二相对开口内。当第一保持构件和第二保持构件容纳在套管针壳体中的第一相对开口和第二相对开口内时，凸轮线可处于解锁位置。当第一保持构件和第二保持构件接合套管针壳体时，凸轮线可处于锁定位置。
手术器械的保持机构可另外包括释放按钮，所述释放按钮用于使凸轮线在解锁位置和锁定位置之间移动。保持机构可另外包括保持块，通过所述保持块容纳套管针组合件。当凸轮线处于锁定位置时，凸轮线的自由端可从保持块延伸。当凸轮线处于解锁位置时，凸轮线的自由端可设置在保持块内。
另外，提供包括以下的手术器械：驱动构件，所述驱动构件包括由面向远侧的表面限定的切口；和锁定机构，所述锁定机构设置成与驱动构件相邻。锁定机构包括锁定构件，所述锁定构件相对于驱动构件枢转地固定并且可从与驱动构件的面向远侧的表面接合的第一位置和与驱动构件的面向远侧的表面间隔开的第二位置移动，驱动构件通过电磁体可从第一位置移动到第二位置。
附图说明
并入在本说明书中并且构成本说明书的一部分的附图说明本公开的实施例，并且与上文所给出的本公开的一般描述以及下文所给出的实施例的详细描述一起用以阐释本公开的原理，其中：
图1为包括柄部组合件、适配器组合件和端部执行器的手术缝合器械的透视图；
图2为图1所示的手术缝合器械的透视图，其中适配器组合件与柄部组合件分离；
图3为图1所示的包括旋转旋钮组合件的适配器组合件的近侧部分的透视图；
图4为图3所示的旋转旋钮组合件的透视图，其中移除旋转旋钮组合件的半壳体；
图5为沿图3所示的线5-5截取的横截面端视图，其中锁定机构处于锁定状态；
图6为沿图3所示的线5-5截取的横截面端视图，其中锁定机构处于解锁状态；
图7为包括可移除套管针的适配器组合件的透视侧视图；
图8为图7所示的适配器组合件的保持机构和锁定机构的透视侧视图，其中锁定机构处于锁定位置；
图9为沿图7所示的线9-9截取的横截面端视图，其中锁定机构在图8中示出；
图10为图7所示的适配器组合件的驱动构件的透视图；
图11为图8所示的锁定机构的线凸轮、保持构件和释放按钮的透视图；
图12为图7所示的保持机构和锁定机构的透视侧视图，其中锁定机构处于解锁位置；
图13为沿图12所示的线13-13截取的横截面端视图，其中锁定机构在图8中示出；
图14为根据本公开的另一实施例的锁定机构的部分横截面侧视图，其中柱塞构件处于锁定位置；
图15为图14所示的锁定机构的部分横截面侧视图，其中柱塞构件处于解锁位置；
图16为图14和15所示的锁定机构的驱动构件的部分横截面侧视图；
图17为根据本公开的另一实施例的锁定机构的部分横截面侧视图，其中柱塞构件处于锁定位置；
图18为图18所示的锁定机构的部分横截面侧视图，其中柱塞构件处于解锁位置；
图19为根据本公开的另一实施例的锁定机构的部分横截面侧视图，其中柱塞构件处于锁定位置；和
图20为图19所示的锁定机构的部分横截面侧视图，其中柱塞构件处于解锁位置。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图详细描述本发明所公开的锁定机构的实施例，其中相同的附图标记在若干视图的每个视图中表示相同或对应的元件。如本领域中常见的，术语“近侧”指代较接近用户或操作员(即，外科医生或临床医生)的那一部分或部件，而术语“远侧”指代距离用户较远的那一部分或部件。
首先参考图1和2，包括根据本公开的实施例的锁定机构的适配器组合件(通常示出为适配器组合件100)为手术缝合器械10的部件。手术缝合器械10另外包括动力柄部组合件20和端部执行器30。如图所示，端部执行器30包括装载单元40和砧座组合件50。尽管参考手术缝合器械10进行示出和描述，但是本公开的方面可修改以用于具有用于实现端部执行器的致动的一个或多个驱动组合件的手术器械。为了详细描述示例性动力手术缝合器械，请分别参考共同拥有的美国专利第9,023,014号(“'014专利”)和美国专利第9,055,943号(“'943专利”)，所述专利的内容以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
将仅在完全公开本公开的方面所必需的程度上描述手术缝合器械10的适配器组合件100。为了详细描述示例性适配器组合件，请参考共同拥有的美国专利申请公开案第2015/0157321号(“'321公开案”)、第2016/0106406号(“'406公开案”)和第2017/0086879号(“'879公开案”)，所述公开案的内容以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
继续参考图1和2，适配器组合件100包括被配置成用于与柄部组合件20(图1)可操作地连接的近侧部分102和被配置成用于与装载单元30(图1)可操作地连接的远侧部分104。尽管示出和描述为形成一体式单元，但是设想近侧部分102和远侧部分104可形成为可释放地彼此固定的单独单元。
参考图3和4，适配器组合件100的近侧部分102包括旋转旋钮组合件110。旋转旋钮组合件110包括基部112和可旋转地固定至基部112的旋转旋钮114。基部112被配置成将适配器组合件100与柄部组合件20可操作地连接。
特别参考图4，驱动联接组合件120可操作地设置在旋转旋钮组合件110的基部112内。驱动联接组合件120接合柄部组合件20(图1)的第一、第二和第三驱动轴(未示出)。驱动传递组合件130设置在旋转旋钮组合件110的旋转旋钮114内，并且可操作地固定至驱动联接组合件120。驱动联接组合件120和驱动传递组合件130相对于附接至适配器组合件100的柄部组合件(例如，柄部组合件20)保持旋转固定。
驱动联接组合件120和驱动传递组合件130一起形成第一驱动组合件140、第二驱动组合件145和第三驱动组合件150。第一驱动组合件140、第二驱动组合件145和第三驱动组合件150可各自实现附接的端部执行器(例如，端部执行器30(图1))的不同操作。举例来说，第一驱动组合件140可实现组织缝合，第二驱动组合件145可实现组织切割，并且第三驱动组合件150可实现组织夹持。
特别参考图5，在本公开的一个实施例中，锁定机构160包括可操作地设置在适配器组合件100的旋转旋钮组合件110内的棘爪162。棘爪162相对于第三驱动组合件150的第一驱动齿轮152可枢转地支撑。棘爪162在自由端164上包括多个齿164a。多个齿164a被配置成与第三驱动组合件150的第一驱动齿轮152接合。在实施例中，并且如图所示，棘爪162的多个齿164a被配置成禁止第一驱动齿轮152在第一方向上(例如，顺时针)旋转，并且允许第一驱动齿轮152在第二方向上(例如，逆时针)旋转。以这种方式，锁定机构160可允许第三驱动组合件150缩回，同时防止第三驱动组合件150前进。可替代地，棘爪162的多个齿164a可被配置成禁止第一驱动齿轮152在第一方向和第二方向两者上旋转。
尽管示出和描述棘爪162与第三驱动组合件150的第一驱动齿轮152接合，但是设想，锁定机构160可修改为包括一个或多个棘爪，所述棘爪与第一驱动组合件140、第二驱动组合件145和第三驱动组合件150的任何组合的齿轮中的任一个接合。
转向图6，当手术缝合器械10的柄部组合件20(图1)被编程为检测是否满足某些参数时，例如，套管针组合件170在适配器组合件100内的正确装载，并且当满足时，柄部组合件20激活锁定机构160，以使棘爪162与第三驱动组合件150的第一驱动齿轮152脱离，以允许第一驱动齿轮152旋转。在实施例中，锁定机构160包括致动器166，例如，电动机、伺服器、电磁体或用于使棘爪162枢转脱离与第一驱动齿轮152的接合的其它合适的装置。一旦棘爪162与第一驱动齿轮152脱离，第三驱动组合件150就以传统方式操作。
柄部组合件20可被编程为在击发手术缝合器械10之后使锁定机构160的棘爪162与第三驱动组合件150的第一驱动齿轮152重新接合，以防止手术缝合器械10的再使用。类似地，当第三驱动组合件150的锁定可变得期望时和/或在缝合程序期间的任何时候，例如在手术缝合器械10(图1)故障时。
现在参考图7，将参考适配器组合件200示出和描述根据本公开的另一实施例的锁定机构，并且可移除的套管针组合件210可释放地设置在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内。适配器组合件200基本上类似于上文描述的适配器组合件100并且将仅在涉及它们之间的差异时详细描述。
套管针组合件210包括壳体212和可选择性地从壳体212延伸的套管针构件214。壳体212限定一对开口213(图13)。如将在下面另外详细描述的，套管针组合件210的壳体212被配置成当套管针组合件210完全容纳并且安放在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内时由保持机构240接合以将套管针组合件210固定在适配器组合件200内。
现在参考图8和9，适配器组合件200的保持机构240设置在相应的第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222和第二驱动构件224以及第二驱动组合件230的第一驱动构件232和第二驱动构件234之间。第一驱动组合件220和第二驱动组合件230可操作地连接到适配器组合件200的近侧部分202中的第一驱动构件和第二驱动构件(未示出)，用于实现端部执行器(例如，端部执行器30(图1))的操作，以执行第一功能和第二功能。更具体地，相应的第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222和第二驱动构件224以及第二驱动组合件230的第一驱动构件232和第二驱动构件234被配置成用于在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内纵向移动。在实施例中，第一驱动组合件220的前进实现组织缝合，并且第二驱动组合件230的前进实现组织切割。
将仅在完全公开本公开的方面所必需的程度上描述第一驱动组合件220和第二驱动组合件230。为了详细描述示例性驱动组合件，请参考'879公开案，其内容先前已并入本文中。
另外参考图10，第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222包括细长带222a和从细长带222a的近侧部分向外延伸的凸缘部分222b。如将在下面另外详细描述的，第一驱动构件222的凸缘部分222b被配置成由锁定机构250的线凸轮或弹簧夹244接合，以在套管针组合件210没有完全容纳并且安放在适配器组合件200内时禁止第一驱动组合件220的前进。
继续参考图8和9，并且另外参考图11，适配器组合件200的保持机构240包括保持块242、线凸轮244(图9)、一对保持构件246(图9)和释放按钮248(图11)。保持机构240的保持块242限定用于容纳套管针组合件210的中心开口241、与中心开口241连通用于容纳保持器构件246的一对相对的圆柱形开口241a，以及围绕保持块242的周边延伸并且通过保持块242中的圆柱形开口241a用于容纳线凸轮244的通道或狭槽241b。保持机构240的保持器构件246由线凸轮244支撑在圆柱形开口241a内，并且被配置成当套管针组合件210完全容纳并且安放在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内时容纳在套管针组合件210的壳体212中的开口213(图9)内。
保持机构240的线凸轮244包括具有一对相对的成角度的区段244b和自由端244c的基本上U形的主体244a。线凸轮244容纳在保持块242的通道241b内，并且可在当套管针组合件210部分容纳在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内时(例如，保持构件246不与套管针组合件200的壳体212中的开口213对准)的第一位置(图9)和当套管针组合件210完全容纳在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内时(例如，保持构件246与壳体212中的开口213对准并且容纳在其中)的第二位置(图13)之间移动。
特别参考图8和9，当保持机构240的线凸轮244处于第一位置时，线凸轮244的自由端244c延伸超过保持机构240的保持器块242。第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222和保持组合件240的保持块242被配置成使得保持器组合件240的线凸轮244的自由端244c中的一个接合第一驱动构件222的凸缘222b以形成锁定机构250。锁定机构250禁止第一驱动组合件220的操作，例如，第一驱动构件222的前进。尽管仅示出线凸轮244的自由端244c中的一个接合第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222，但是设想，第一驱动构件222可被配置成接合线凸轮244的两个自由端244c。在实施例中，第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222与第一驱动构件222的凸缘222b的接合提供足够的移动阻力，使得柄部组合件20(图1)检测并且识别套管针组合件210没有完全容纳并且正确地安放在适配器组合件200内。
保持机构240的保持构件246支撑在线凸轮244的成角度的部分244b上。保持构件246可包括倾斜的内表面246a(图11)，以便于套管针组合件210容纳在其间。保持构件246各自限定开口245，通过所述开口245容纳线凸轮244的相应的成角度的区段244b。线凸轮244和保持构件246被配置成使得当套管针组合件210没有完全容纳在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内时，线凸轮244维持处于第一位置(图9)，其中线凸轮244的自由端244c延伸超过保持块242。以这种方式，线凸轮244的自由端244c中的至少一个接合第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222，以禁止第一驱动构件222的前进。
如图8和9所示，当套管针组合件210容纳在适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内并且当适配器组合件200的壳体212中的开口213不与保持构件246对准时，套管针组合件210的壳体212将保持构件246向外偏置，如由图9中的箭头“A”所指示。线凸轮244的成角度的区段244c和保持构件246中的开口245被配置成使得当保持构件246通过与套管针组合件210的壳体212接触而被向外偏置时，凸轮线244被向上偏置，如由图9中的箭头“B”所指示，以致使凸轮线244的自由端244c延伸超出保持块242并且进入第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222的路径中。
参考图12和13，当套管针组合件210完全容纳并且正确地安放在适配器组合件200(图13)的远侧部分204内时，例如，套管针组合件210的壳体212的开口213与保持机构240的保持构件246对准，保持构件246在套管针组合件210的壳体212中的开口213内移动，如由图13中的箭头“C”所指示。保持构件246进入壳体212的开口213中的移动使凸轮线244向下移动(如图9所说明)，使得凸轮线244的自由端244c缩回到保持块242内。凸轮线244的自由端244c在保持块242内的缩回为第一驱动组合件220的第一驱动构件222清除路径。适配器组合件200然后以传统方式操作。
在使用适配器组合件200进行缝合程序之后，通过按压保持机构240的保持按钮248以致使凸轮线244向上移动(如图9所说明)，并且导致保持构件246从套管针组合件210的壳体212中的开口213内向外移动，可从适配器组合件200中释放套管针组合件210。一旦保持构件246清除壳体212中的开口213，就可从适配器组合件200的远侧部分204内移除套管针组合件210。
现在参考图14-16，根据本公开的另一锁定机构通常示出为锁定机构300。如图所示，锁定机构300被配置成禁止驱动组合件310的驱动构件312的前进。更具体地，锁定机构300包括相对于驱动构件312可枢转地固定的锁定构件302。锁定构件302被配置成容纳在第一驱动构件312中的切口313内。切口313由竖直的面向远侧的表面314a和倾斜的面向近侧的表面314b限定。当锁定构件302容纳在切口313内并且与竖直的面向远侧的表面314a接合时，锁定构件302禁止驱动构件312的移动。
锁定机构300另外包括设置成与锁定构件302相邻的电磁体304。当被激活时，电磁体304使得锁定构件302枢转脱离驱动构件312中的切口313，从而允许驱动构件312的前进。尽管示出为包括电磁体304，但是设想，锁定构件302可利用电动机、螺线管或其它机构来移动。尽管示出为枢转脱离与驱动构件312的接合，但是设想，锁定构件302可以替代地通过从切口313内缩回或另外以线性方式移动。
特别参考图16，驱动构件312的竖直的面向远侧的表面314a与驱动构件312的倾斜的面向近侧的表面314b之间的距离“x”确定在锁定机构300接合之前驱动构件312可前进的距离。距离“x”越大，驱动构件312在锁定机构300接合之前可前进的距离越大。
转向图17和18，根据本公开的另一锁定机构通常示出为锁定机构400。锁定机构400包括壳体410、柱塞构件420、偏置构件(例如，弹簧430)和电磁体440。尽管示出为包括壳体410，但是设想，锁定机构400可直接结合到适配器组合件，例如适配器组合件100中。
锁定机构400的壳体410包括圆柱形凹槽411、切口413以及在圆柱形凹槽411和切口413之间延伸的通路415。柱塞构件420包括头部部分422和细长主体部分424。头部部分422容纳在圆柱形凹槽411内，并且细长主体部分424延伸通过通路415进入切口413中。偏置构件(例如弹簧430)设置在圆柱形凹槽411内，并且在第一方向上将柱塞构件420偏置到延伸或锁定位置，如由图17中的箭头“F”所指示。在锁定位置，柱塞构件420的细长主体部分424从通路415延伸到切口413中。
电磁体440设置成与和通路415相对的圆柱形凹槽411相邻。电磁体440的激活克服弹簧430的偏置使柱塞构件420缩回到缩回或解锁位置，如由图18中的箭头“G”所指示。当柱塞构件420处于解锁位置时，柱塞构件420的细长主体部分424从锁定机构400的壳体410的切口413内缩回，使得切口不受阻碍。
在操作中，锁定机构400定位在手术器械(例如手术缝合器械10(图1))内，使得壳体410的切口413与驱动构件(未示出)或连接元件450的路径(未示出)对准。当柱塞构件420处于锁定位置时，柱塞构件420的细长主体部分424设置在切口413内，从而阻碍驱动构件和/或连接器构件450的路径并且防止驱动构件通过锁定机构400的壳体410的前进和/或连接器构件450与壳体410的连接。
如上所述，电磁体440的激活致使柱塞构件420缩回到解锁位置(图18)，从而清除通过壳体410中的切口413的路径。以这种方式，驱动构件(未示出)能够不受阻碍地穿过壳体410。类似地，连接器构件450能够容纳在锁定机构400的壳体410中的切口413内，以将连接器构件450与壳体410固定。
现在参考图19和20，根据本公开的另一实施例的锁定机构通常示出为锁定机构500。锁定机构500基本上类似于上文描述的锁定机构400并且将仅在涉及它们之间的差异时详细描述。
在锁定机构500中，柱塞构件520通过偏置构件(例如弹簧530)维持在壳体510的圆柱形凹槽511内的缩回或解锁位置(图20)，如由图20中的箭头“G”所指示。当处于解锁位置时，柱塞构件520的细长主体部分524阻碍壳体510中的切口513，以防止驱动构件(未示出)前进和/或防止连接器构件550容纳在切口513内。
锁定机构500包括与圆柱形凹槽511连通的气动阀540。气动阀540的激活对圆柱形凹槽511加压，从而致使柱塞构件520克服弹簧530的偏置移动到圆柱形凹槽511内的前进或锁定位置(图19)，如由图19中的箭头“I”所指示。当处于锁定位置时。柱塞构件520的细长主体部分524容纳在壳体510的切口513内，从而阻碍驱动构件和/或连接构件550的路径。
本领域技术人员将理解，本文中具体描述并且在附图中说明的装置和方法为非限制性示例性实施例。设想，在不脱离本公开的范围的情况下，结合一个示例性实施例说明或描述的元件和特征可与另一个的元件和特征组合。此外，本领域的技术人员将理解本公开的基于上文所描述的实施例的另外特征和优点。因此，本公开并不受到已特定示出和描述的内容限制。

Claims (17)

1.一种手术器械，其包含：
第一驱动组合件，其包括第一驱动齿轮；和
锁定机构，其定位成与所述第一驱动组合件可释放地接合以禁止所述第一驱动齿轮旋转，所述锁定机构包括棘爪和用于将所述棘爪从与所述第一驱动齿轮接合的第一位置移动到与所述第一驱动齿轮间隔开的第二位置的致动器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械，其中所述棘爪包括多个齿，并且所述第一驱动齿轮包括多个齿，当所述棘爪处于所述第一位置时，所述棘爪的所述多个齿与所述第一驱动齿轮的所述多个齿接合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械，其中所述棘爪从所述第一位置枢转到所述第二位置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械，其另外包括适配器组合件，所述第一驱动组合件和所述锁定机构设置在所述适配器组合件内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械，其中所述致动器包括电动机、伺服器或电磁体。
6.根据权利要求4所述的手术器械，其另外包括柄部组合件，所述适配器组合件可释放地固定至所述柄部组合件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的手术器械，其另外包括可释放地固定至所述适配器组合件的端部执行器。
8.根据权利要求7所述的手术器械，其中所述端部执行器包括装载单元和砧座组合件。
9.一种手术器械，其包含：
细长主体；
容纳在所述细长主体内的驱动构件，所述驱动构件包括凸缘并且能在缩回位置和前进位置之间移动；
可释放地容纳在所述细长主体内的套管针组合件，所述套管针组合件包括限定第一相对开口和第二相对开口的套管针壳体；和
用于将所述套管针组合件可释放地固定在所述细长主体内的保持机构，所述保持机构包括凸轮线，所述凸轮线包括自由端并且能在锁定位置和解锁位置之间移动，其中当所述凸轮线处于所述锁定位置时，所述自由端阻碍所述驱动构件的所述凸缘的路径以禁止所述驱动构件移动到所述前进位置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的手术器械，其中所述保持机构另外包括可移动地围绕所述凸轮线定位的第一保持构件和第二保持构件，当所述套管针组合件安放在所述细长主体内时，所述第一保持构件和所述第二保持构件可释放地容纳在所述套管针壳体的所述第一相对开口和所述第二相对开口内。
11.根据权利要求10所述的手术器械，其中当所述第一保持构件和所述第二保持构件容纳在所述套管针壳体中的所述第一相对开口和所述第二相对开口内时，所述凸轮线处于所述解锁位置。
12.根据权利要求10所述的手术器械，其中当所述第一保持构件和所述第二保持构件接合所述套管针壳体时，所述凸轮线处于所述锁定位置。
13.根据权利要求9所述的手术器械，其中所述保持机构另外包括释放按钮，所述释放按钮用于使所述凸轮线在所述解锁位置和所述锁定位置之间移动。
14.根据权利要求10所述的手术器械，其中所述保持机构另外包括保持块，通过所述保持块容纳所述套管针组合件。
15.根据权利要求14所述的手术器械，其中当所述凸轮线处于所述锁定位置时，所述凸轮线的所述自由端从所述保持块延伸。
16.根据权利要求15所述的手术器械，其中当所述凸轮线处于所述解锁位置时，所述凸轮线的所述自由端设置在所述保持块内。
17.一种手术器械，其包含：
驱动构件，其包括由面向远侧的表面限定的切口；和
锁定机构，其设置成与所述驱动构件相邻，所述锁定机构包括锁定构件，所述锁定构件相对于所述驱动构件枢转地固定并且能从与所述驱动构件的所述面向远侧的表面接合的第一位置和与所述驱动构件的所述面向远侧的表面间隔开的第二位置移动，所述驱动构件通过电磁体能从所述第一位置移动到所述第二位置。
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