CN111308602B - Preparation method of mixed PVA film and polarizer - Google Patents

Preparation method of mixed PVA film and polarizer Download PDF

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CN111308602B
CN111308602B CN202010181200.7A CN202010181200A CN111308602B CN 111308602 B CN111308602 B CN 111308602B CN 202010181200 A CN202010181200 A CN 202010181200A CN 111308602 B CN111308602 B CN 111308602B
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廖剑能
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Winda Opto Electronic Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a mixed PVA film and a polaroid, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: washing, swelling, dyeing, stretching, color complementing and drying, wherein the dyeing step comprises the following steps: soaking the swelled PVA base film in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, wherein the dyeing liquor comprises iodine, potassium iodide, mixed dye and boric acid, and the mixed dye is formed by mixing four dichroic water-soluble dyes of yellow, blue, red and purple; the polarizer includes a hybrid PVA film. According to the preparation method of the mixed PVA film and the polarizer, the high-temperature and high-humidity resistance of the PVA film is improved by adjusting the components and the concentration ratio of the dyeing solution in the dyeing step, so that the prepared mixed polarizer has good polarization property and high-temperature and high-humidity resistance, and has a wider application range.

Description

Preparation method of mixed PVA film and polarizer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polarizer preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a mixed PVA film and a polarizer.
Background
When natural light passes through the polarizer, the light with the vibration direction perpendicular to the transmission axis of the polarizer is absorbed, and only the polarized light with the vibration direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer remains in the transmitted light, so that the polarization direction of a specific light beam can be controlled. The polarizer is widely used in liquid crystal displays, and mainly functions to convert natural light without polarization into polarized light, control whether the light penetrates through the liquid crystal by turning the liquid crystal, and further generate the display effect of light and shade of the panel, and control the passing degree of the light by using the twisting characteristic of liquid crystal molecules.
In the prior art, iodine is usually used as a dichroic medium in a polarizer and has good contrast and light transmittance, but iodine is easy to sublimate under the condition of high temperature, can only bear the temperature of below 85 ℃ for 500 hours in a reliability high-temperature test, can only bear the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 90 percent in the reliability high-temperature and high-humidity test, and cannot meet the use requirement under the high-temperature and high-humidity condition after the test for 500 hours.
It is seen that improvements and enhancements to the prior art are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a mixed PVA film and a polarizer, and aims to overcome the defects that the iodine polarizer in the prior art is poor in durability and is not suitable for being used in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of making a hybrid PVA film, the method comprising the steps of: washing, swelling, dyeing, stretching, color complementing and drying, wherein the dyeing step specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) soaking the swelled PVA base membrane in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, wherein the dyeing liquor comprises iodine, potassium iodide, mixed dye and boric acid.
In the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, the dyeing solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.25 to 1.92 percent of mixed dye, 0.11 to 0.98 percent of iodine, 1.65 to 2.66 percent of potassium iodide and 0.1 to 0.67 percent of boric acid.
In the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, the mixed dye is formed by mixing four dichroic water-soluble dyes of yellow, blue, red and purple.
In the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, in the stretching step, the stretching multiple of the PVA film is 4.6-5.8 times of that of the PVA base film.
In the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, in the stretching step, the temperature of the stretching bath solution is 52 ℃.
In the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, in the swelling step, the swelling bath solution is 0.3-0.7% of boric acid solution.
In the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, in the color complementing step, the color complementing groove solution comprises 0-0.08% of mixed dye and 0.1-0.46% of potassium iodide.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer comprises an outer protection film, a PVA film, an inner protection film, a pressure-sensitive adhesive and a release film which are sequentially adhered from top to bottom, wherein the outer protection film and the inner protection film are both TAC films, the PVA film is a mixed type PVA film, iodine and dichromatic mixed dye is adsorbed on the PVA film, and the mixed type PVA film is prepared by the preparation method of the mixed type PVA film.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a preparation method of a mixed PVA film and a polaroid, wherein in the preparation method of the mixed PVA film, the prepared PVA film is simultaneously dyed with iodine and mixed dye by adjusting the components and concentration ratio of a dyeing solution in a dyeing step and adopting iodine, potassium iodide and the mixed dye as dyeing agents, so that the PVA film is ensured to have better polarization property and the high-temperature and high-humidity resistance of the PVA film is greatly improved; the polaroid prepared by the mixed PVA film has better polarization property and high temperature and humidity resistance, can pass durability tests of 85 ℃ at 85% humidity at 1000h and 105 ℃ at 1000h, and has wider application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizer provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a mixed PVA film and a polaroid, and in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described in detail below by referring to the attached drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A preparation method of a mixed PVA film takes the PVA film as a base film, and prepares the mixed PVA film with high temperature and high humidity resistance through washing, swelling, dyeing, stretching, color complementing and drying. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, washing: and (3) placing the PVA base film in a washing tank, and removing the plasticizer in the PVA base film through washing.
S2, swelling: the cleaned PVA base film is placed in a swelling tank for swelling treatment, and the swelling treatment can improve the stability and the dyeing effect of the PVA base film. Preferably, the bath solution of the swelling tank is 0.3 to 0.7 percent boric acid solution. In the swelling treatment process, boric acid and the polyhydroxy structure of the polarizing film are subjected to preliminary crosslinking reaction, so that the structural stability of the polarizing film can be improved, and the dyeing effect of the subsequent dyeing step can be improved; therefore, the polarizing film has direct influence on the dyeing treatment due to the good or bad swelling treatment, and the boric acid solution with the concentration of 0.3-0.7% has better swelling effect.
Step S3, dyeing: the swelled PVA base film is soaked in a dyeing bath containing dyeing liquid for dyeing, the dyeing liquid comprises iodine, potassium iodide, a dichroic mixed dye and boric acid, the iodine and the potassium iodide can improve the contrast, the transmittance and the polarization degree of the PVA film, the dichroic mixed dye can improve the durability of the PVA film, and when the iodine, the potassium iodide and the dichroic mixed dye jointly act on the PVA film, the mixed dye molecules and the iodine have a synergistic effect, so that the combination of the iodine and the PVA film is enhanced, the prepared PVA film has good polarization property and high durability, and can pass a reliability high-temperature high-humidity test.
Preferably, the dyeing solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.25 to 1.92 percent of dichroic mixed dye, 0.11 to 0.98 percent of iodine, 1.65 to 2.66 percent of potassium iodide and 0.1 to 0.67 percent of boric acid. The good and bad dyeing directly affects the polarization and durability of the polarizer, the components and the proportion of the dyeing solution are the key factors affecting the dyeing process, and the PVA film with good polarization and durability can be obtained by the dyeing solution with the proportion.
In the dyeing liquid with the above ratio, the mixed dye is water-soluble dichroic organic mixed dye, including azo-based, anthraquinones, quinophthalones and other dichroic dyes, which are firmly combined with the PVA film to improve the durability of the PVA film, and when the concentration of the dichroic mixed dye is higher, the adhesion amount on the PVA film is larger, but not more, the adhesion amount is better, and when the adhesion amount is too large, the adhesion amount of iodine to the PVA film is affected, and the polarization property is reduced, mainly because the dichroic mixed dye has a competitive relationship with iodine during dyeing, and when the concentration of the dichroic mixed dye is higher, the adsorption amount of iodine in the PVA film is reduced, so that the polarization property of the PVA film is reduced, and when the concentration of the dichroic mixed dye is lower, the adsorption effect on iodine is smaller, and the polarization property of the PVA film is higher. When the concentration of the dichroic mixed dye is 1.25% to 1.92%, the dichroic mixed dye has good durability and has a small influence on the amount of iodine attached. Preferably, the mixed dye is formed by mixing four kinds of dichroic water-soluble dyes of yellow, blue, red and purple, and has better durability. All the dichroic mixed dyes of the present invention are provided by japan chemical co.
In the dyeing solution with the above ratio, the concentrations of iodine and potassium iodide have a great influence on the polarization of the PVA film. In the dyeing process, iodine and potassium iodide act together to form I 3 - Or I 5 - The complex permeates into the PVA base film and is combined with the PVA base film through hydrogen bonds or intermolecular force to form a PVA film with polarized polarization, wherein, the iodine ion complex is different when the concentration and the proportion of iodine and potassium iodide are different, and when the proportion of iodine is higher, the iodine ion complex is I 5 - The complex exists in more forms, and when the ratio of potassium iodide is high, the complex is expressed as I 3 - The complex morphology is present more frequently, and I 3 - Thermal stability of the Complex relative to I 5 - The complex will be better. In the invention, when the concentration of iodine in the dyeing liquid is controlled to be 0.11-0.98% and the concentration of potassium iodide is controlled to be 1.65-2.66%, the PVA film with better polarization property can be obtained, and preferably, when the concentration ratio of iodine to potassium iodide is 1:20-25, the PVA film has better polarization property and durability. In addition, the iodine and the dichroic mixed dye are matched for use, and are mutually influenced and act synergistically in the dyeing process, so that the iodine complex is still firmly combined with the PVA film at a higher temperature, and the durability of the PVA film is greatly improved.
In the dyeing solution with the above proportion, the boric acid is used as a cross-linking agent to perform cross-linking reaction with the PVA base film, so that the effects of enhancing the dimensional stability and color fixation of the PVA film are achieved, and the boric acid has better dimensional stability and color fixation effect when the concentration of the boric acid is 0.1-0.67% in the dyeing process.
S4, stretching: after dyeing is finished, the PVA film is cleaned by the cleaning tank and then enters the stretching tank for stretching, and the stretching multiple is 4.6-5.8 times of that of the PVA base film. The larger the stretching multiple is, the more linear and ordered the molecular arrangement of the obtained PVA film is, but the excessive stretching easily causes the PVA film to break, and when the stretching multiple is controlled to be 4.6-5.8 times of that of the PVA base film, the better effect is achieved, particularly when the stretching multiple is 5.8. Specifically, the stretching bath solution is 0-0.5% of boric acid solution. Furthermore, when the temperature of the stretching bath solution is 52 ℃, the PVA film has good toughness and is not easy to break, the obtained PVA film is thin, and the ordering of dye molecules is regular.
S5, color complementing: and (2) dipping the stretched PVA film into a color complementing groove for color complementing, wherein the color complementing groove solution comprises 0-0.08% of mixed dye and 0.1-0.46% of potassium iodide, and the mixed dye and the potassium iodide can respectively change the chemical balance of dye molecules and an iodine complex in the PVA film, so that the color fixation of the PVA film is more stable and uniform.
Step S6, drying: and (4) carrying out water cutting on the PVA film after color compensation, and then drying to obtain the mixed PVA film.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer is shown in figure 1 and comprises an outer protection film 1, a PVA film 2, an inner protection film 3, a pressure-sensitive adhesive 4 and a release film 5 which are sequentially adhered from top to bottom, wherein the outer protection film 1 and the inner protection film 3 are both TAC films, the PVA film 2 is a mixed type PVA film prepared by the method, iodine and dichromatic mixed dye is adsorbed on the mixed type PVA film, the mixed type PVA film has excellent polarization performance and high temperature and high humidity resistance, and the test requirement of 85 ℃ 85% humidity 1000h can be met in a reliability high temperature and high humidity test.
The following examples are given for further illustration:
example 1
A method of making a hybrid PVA film, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1, washing: placing the PVA base film in a rinsing bath;
s2, swelling: placing the cleaned PVA base film in a swelling tank containing 0.3% boric acid solution for swelling treatment;
step S3, dyeing: dipping the swelled PVA base film in a dyeing tank containing a dyeing solution for dyeing, wherein the dyeing solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.92% of dichroic mixed dye, 0.7% of iodine, 1.8% of potassium iodide and 0.1% of boric acid;
s4, stretching: after dyeing is finished, the PVA film is cleaned by a cleaning pool and then enters a stretching tank for stretching, the stretching multiple is 4.6 times of that of the PVA base film, the stretching tank liquid is 3% boric acid solution, and the temperature of the stretching tank liquid is 52 ℃;
s5, color complementing: and (3) soaking the stretched PVA film in a color complementing groove to complement color, wherein the color complementing groove liquid comprises 0.1% of potassium iodide.
Step S6, drying: and (4) carrying out water cutting on the PVA film after color compensation, and then drying to obtain the mixed PVA film.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer is shown in figure 1, and comprises a TAC outer layer protective film 1, a PVA film 2, a TAC inner layer protective film 3, a pressure-sensitive adhesive 4 and a release film 5 which are sequentially bonded, wherein the PVA film is the mixed type PVA film prepared by the method. The prepared hybrid high-durability polarizer is subjected to polarization and high-durability tests, and specific test results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
A method of making a hybrid PVA film, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1, washing: placing the PVA base film in a rinsing bath;
s2, swelling: placing the cleaned PVA base film in a swelling tank containing 0.5% boric acid solution for swelling treatment;
step S3, dyeing: dipping the swelled PVA base film in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, wherein the dyeing liquor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.7% of dichroic mixed dye, 0.85% of iodine, 1.65% of potassium iodide and 0.3% of boric acid;
s4, stretching: after dyeing is finished, the PVA film is cleaned by a cleaning pool and then enters a stretching tank for stretching, the stretching multiple is 4.93 times of that of the PVA base film, the stretching tank liquid is 2.8% boric acid solution, and the temperature of the stretching tank liquid is 52 ℃;
s5, color complementing: and (3) soaking the stretched PVA film in a color complementing groove to complement color, wherein the color complementing groove liquid comprises 0.05% of mixed dye and 0.2% of potassium iodide.
Step S6, drying: and (4) carrying out water cutting on the PVA film after color compensation, and then drying to obtain the mixed PVA film.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer is shown in figure 1, and comprises a TAC outer layer protective film 1, a PVA film 2, a TAC inner layer protective film 3, a pressure-sensitive adhesive 4 and a release film 5 which are sequentially bonded, wherein the PVA film is the mixed type PVA film prepared by the method. The prepared hybrid high-durability polarizer is subjected to polarization and high-durability tests, and specific test results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
A method of making a hybrid PVA film, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1, washing: placing the PVA base film in a rinsing bath;
s2, swelling: placing the cleaned PVA base film in a swelling tank containing 0.5% boric acid solution for swelling treatment;
step S3, dyeing: dipping the swelled PVA base film in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, wherein the dyeing liquor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.6% of dichroic mixed dye, 0.9% of iodine, 1.75% of potassium iodide and 0.5% of boric acid;
s4, stretching: after dyeing is finished, the PVA film is cleaned by a cleaning pool and then enters a stretching tank for stretching, the stretching multiple is 5.12 times of that of the PVA base film, the stretching tank liquid is 3.1% boric acid solution, and the temperature of the stretching tank liquid is 52 ℃;
s5, color complementing: and (3) soaking the stretched PVA film in a color complementing groove to complement color, wherein the color complementing groove liquid comprises 0.07 percent of mixed dye and 0.3 percent of potassium iodide.
Step S6, drying: and (4) carrying out water cutting on the PVA film after color complementing, and then drying to obtain the mixed PVA film.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer is shown in figure 1, and comprises a TAC outer layer protective film 1, a PVA film 2, a TAC inner layer protective film 3, a pressure-sensitive adhesive 4 and a release film 5 which are sequentially bonded, wherein the PVA film is the mixed type PVA film prepared by the method. The prepared hybrid high-durability polarizer is subjected to polarization and high-durability tests, and specific test results are shown in table 1.
Example 4
A method of making a hybrid PVA film, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1, washing: placing the PVA base film in a rinsing bath;
s2, swelling: placing the cleaned PVA base film in a swelling tank containing 0.7% boric acid solution for swelling treatment;
step S3, dyeing: dipping the swelled PVA base film in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, wherein the dyeing liquor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.45% of dichroic mixed dye, 0.98% of iodine, 1.88% of potassium iodide and 0.67% of boric acid;
s4, stretching: after dyeing is finished, the PVA film is cleaned by a cleaning pool and then enters a stretching tank for stretching, the stretching multiple is 5.46 times of that of the PVA base film, the stretching tank liquid is 3.3% boric acid solution, and the temperature of the stretching tank liquid is 52 ℃;
s5, color complementing: and (3) soaking the stretched PVA film in a complementary color tank for complementary color, wherein the complementary color tank liquid comprises 0.08% of mixed dye and 0.138% of potassium iodide.
Step S6, drying: and (4) carrying out water cutting on the PVA film after color compensation, and then drying to obtain the mixed PVA film.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer is shown in figure 1, and comprises a TAC outer layer protective film 1, a PVA film 2, a TAC inner layer protective film 3, a pressure-sensitive adhesive 4 and a release film 5 which are sequentially bonded, wherein the PVA film is the mixed type PVA film prepared by the method. The prepared mixed type high-durability polarizer is subjected to polarization and high-durability tests, and specific test results are shown in table 1.
Example 5
A method of making a preferred hybrid PVA film, said method comprising the steps of:
step S1, washing: placing the PVA base film in a rinsing bath;
s2, swelling: placing the cleaned PVA base film in a swelling tank containing 0.7% boric acid solution for swelling treatment;
step S3, dyeing: dipping the swelled PVA base film in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, wherein the dyeing liquor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.25% of dichroic mixed dye, 0.11% of iodine, 2.66% of potassium iodide and 0.43% of boric acid;
s4, stretching: after dyeing is finished, the PVA film is cleaned by a cleaning pool and then enters a stretching tank for stretching, the stretching multiple is 5.8 times of that of the PVA base film, the stretching tank liquid is 4.5% boric acid solution, and the temperature of the stretching tank liquid is 52 ℃;
s5, color complementing: soaking the stretched PVA film in a color complementing groove for color complementing, wherein the color complementing groove liquid comprises 0.08 percent of mixed dye and 0.46 percent of potassium iodide;
step S6, drying: and (4) carrying out water cutting on the PVA film after color compensation, and then drying to obtain the mixed PVA film.
A mixed type high-durability polarizer is shown in figure 1, and comprises a TAC outer layer protective film 1, a PVA film 2, a TAC inner layer protective film 3, a pressure-sensitive adhesive 4 and a release film 5 which are sequentially bonded, wherein the PVA film is the mixed type PVA film prepared by the method. The prepared hybrid high-durability polarizer is subjected to polarization and high-durability tests, and specific test results are shown in table 1.
The hybrid type highly durable polarizer prepared in the above examples 1 to 5 was tested for polarization and durability, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 polarizing and durability test results
Figure BDA0002412615040000091
Figure BDA0002412615040000101
As can be seen from table 1, examples 1 to 5 all passed the 85℃ × 85% humidity × 1000h and 105℃ × 1000h high temperature tests, and all satisfied the transmittance, contrast, and polarization, and particularly example 5 had excellent effects in both the high temperature and high humidity test and the transmittance, contrast, and polarization.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method of making a hybrid PVA film, the method comprising the steps of: washing, swelling, dyeing, stretching, color complementing and drying, wherein the dyeing step specifically comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that the swelled PVA base membrane is dipped in a dyeing tank containing dyeing liquor for dyeing, and the dyeing liquor comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.25% of dichroic mixed dye, 0.11% of iodine, 2.66% of potassium iodide and 0.43% of boric acid, wherein the mixed dye is water-soluble dichroic organic mixed dye and comprises anthraquinone and quinophthalone dichroic dyes.
2. The method for preparing the hybrid PVA film according to claim 1, wherein the dyeing solution comprises, in mass percent: 1.25 to 1.92 percent of mixed dye, 0.11 to 0.98 percent of iodine, 1.65 to 2.66 percent of potassium iodide and 0.1 to 0.67 percent of boric acid.
3. The method for preparing a hybrid PVA film according to claim 1, wherein the mixed dye is a mixture of four dichroic water-soluble dyes of yellow, blue, red and violet.
4. The method for preparing the hybrid PVA film according to claim 1, wherein in the stretching step, the PVA film is stretched at a stretch ratio of 4.6 to 5.8 times that of the PVA based film.
5. The method for manufacturing a hybrid PVA film according to claim 1, wherein in the stretching step, the temperature of the stretching bath is 52 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a hybrid PVA film according to claim 1, wherein in the swelling step, the swelling bath solution is a 0.3% to 0.7% boric acid solution.
7. The method for preparing the mixed PVA film according to claim 1, wherein in the complementary color step, the complementary color tank solution comprises 0-0.08% of mixed dye and 0.1-0.46% of potassium iodide.
8. A mixed type high-durability polarizer comprises an outer protection film, a PVA film, an inner protection film, a pressure-sensitive adhesive and a release film which are sequentially adhered from top to bottom, wherein the outer protection film and the inner protection film are TAC films, and the mixed type high-durability polarizer is characterized in that the PVA film is a mixed type PVA film, is adsorbed with iodine and dichroic mixed dye, and is prepared by the preparation method of the mixed type PVA film according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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