CN111307619B - Steel wire rope torsion testing machine of deep well hoisting system and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Steel wire rope torsion testing machine of deep well hoisting system and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111307619B CN111307619B CN202010265971.4A CN202010265971A CN111307619B CN 111307619 B CN111307619 B CN 111307619B CN 202010265971 A CN202010265971 A CN 202010265971A CN 111307619 B CN111307619 B CN 111307619B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/26—Investigating twisting or coiling properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0021—Torsional
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
Abstract
The invention provides a deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine and a testing method thereof, wherein the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine comprises a hydraulic loading unit, a data detection unit and a computer control unit; the hydraulic loading unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a power unit and a hydraulic motor, and the power unit is used for respectively providing power for the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic motor; piston rods of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected with two ends of a steel wire rope through two jackets, the steel wire rope bypasses a head sheave, and any one jacket is connected with the output end of a hydraulic motor through a transmission mechanism and used for enabling the jacket to generate torsion; the data detection unit comprises an optical shaft encoder, an elongation measuring device, a diameter measuring device and a lay length measuring device, and the computer control unit comprises a data transmission system and a display operation system. The invention can research the change rule of parameters such as the lay length, the diameter, the length and the like of the steel wire rope under a multiple load loading scheme, correct the steel wire rope model and improve the safe operation performance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of steel wire rope detection, in particular to a steel wire rope torsion testing machine of a deep well hoisting system and a testing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of domestic mine enterprises, mines are gradually developed to kilometer deep well hoisting systems, when the length and the load of a steel wire rope reach certain values, the torsion phenomenon of the steel wire rope is inevitable, but the torque monitoring and detecting difficulty is quite large. In order to improve the safety and reliability of the mining steel wire rope, the state has issued relevant policies successively, the performance of the mining steel wire rope is required to be measured before and during use, and the mining steel wire rope can be put into use or continuously used after the performance is qualified. The policy improves the safety factor of the mining steel wire rope to a great extent and reduces the incidence rate of safety production accidents.
In the face of a large number of steel wire ropes to be measured and experimental instruments still in the manual measurement stage, how to accurately and efficiently finish the detection of various properties of the steel wire ropes becomes a very urgent need. Meanwhile, how to complete the performance measurement task of the steel wire rope under the condition of ensuring the measurement precision through a scientific method and convenient operation is also an examination faced by each measurement mechanism. The novel measurement experiment equipment taking the PLC and the single chip microcomputer as the core of the control system is applied to various mine equipment safety measurements in a large number, meanwhile, most of the steel wire rope torsion performance measuring instruments obtain the required torsion force through the heavy hammer by changing the weight of the weight, the process is complex, the measuring precision is not high, the steel wire rope torsion performance measuring instruments are still in the manual measuring stage, and the labor efficiency is low.
The Chinese patent discloses a steel wire rope torsion performance tester which can measure the steel wire rope torsion performance by outputting a certain fixing force. The experimental instrument is characterized in that a processor and a human-computer interaction panel are arranged on a rack, a data line and a rotating speed sensor are connected between the processor and the human-computer interaction panel, and the rotating speed sensor is arranged on the output end of a servo motor. During the experiment, fixed with the initiative chuck through driven chuck with wire rope, set up working method on the panel, servo motor begins to rotate under servo driver's operation, through revolution sensor record wire rope number of turns, the size of exerting oneself is calculated to the treater, obtains the torsional properties of steel wire. However, the experimental instrument only measures parameters such as torque and the like, occupies large space, realizes single function and cannot comprehensively measure the torsional characteristic parameters of the steel wire rope.
The Chinese patent discloses a torsional fatigue test stand, and a tension component, a moving unit and a torsional component are arranged on a machine body of the torsional fatigue test stand. One end of the torsion assembly is provided with an electromagnetic clutch, a transmission shaft, a coupler, a servo motor and various sensors. One end of the tested piece is connected with the moving unit, and the other end of the tested piece is connected to the transmission shaft through the jacket. And the test piece is driven to twist by the power-off and electrification of the electromagnetic clutch, and the test data is recorded by the torque and angle sensor. Although the degree of automation is high, all the components of the device are arranged on the same straight line of the experiment table, the experiment table occupies large space, and the measurement parameters are only limited to the torsion parameters.
In the past patents and papers, the students generally studied the torsion characteristics of the steel wire ropes, and the testing machine can only carry out tensile torsion tests on the steel wire ropes, and does not integrate the measurement of the speed, the elongation, the diameter and the lay length of the steel wire ropes with the torsion testing machine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine and a testing method thereof, which are used for researching the change rule of parameters such as the lay length, the diameter, the length and the like of a steel wire rope under a multiple load loading scheme, analyzing the relationship between the distances between different eddy current coils and the steel wire rope, the relative movement speed, the lay length and the torsion angle, correcting a steel wire rope model and improving the safe operation performance of the system.
The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following means.
A deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine comprises a hydraulic loading unit, a data detection unit and a computer control unit;
the hydraulic loading unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a power unit and a hydraulic motor, and the power unit is used for respectively providing power for the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic motor; piston rods of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected with two ends of a steel wire rope through two jackets, the steel wire rope bypasses a head sheave, and any one jacket is connected with the output end of a hydraulic motor through a transmission mechanism and used for enabling the jacket to generate torsion;
the data detection unit comprises an optical shaft encoder, an elongation measuring device, a diameter measuring device and a lay length measuring device, wherein the optical shaft encoder is used for detecting the torsion angle of the output end of the transmission mechanism; the elongation measuring device is used for measuring the stretching variation of the steel wire rope; the diameter measuring device is used for measuring the diameter of the steel wire rope; the lay length measuring device is used for measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope;
the computer control unit comprises a data transmission system and a display operation system, the data transmission system collects information detected by the data detection unit, the display operation system is used for receiving, analyzing, processing and displaying the information collected by the data transmission system, and the display operation system controls the hydraulic loading unit according to information feedback detected by the data detection unit.
Further, drive mechanism includes reduction gear and train, hydraulic motor output and retarder connection, the output of reduction gear is connected with arbitrary one through the train and presss from both sides the cover transmission, the output at the reduction gear is installed to optics axle encoder for detect the torsion angle of reduction gear output.
Further, the gear train comprises a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the second bevel gear through a transmission shaft, the first bevel gear is arranged on the excircle of any one of the clamping sleeves, and the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.
Further, the lay length measuring device comprises a lay length track and an eddy current probe, the lay length track is arranged on the outer side of the steel wire rope, and the movable eddy current probe is arranged on the lay length track and used for measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope.
Furthermore, the lay length track is movably arranged on the fixed slide rail and used for adjusting the distance between the lay length track and the steel wire rope.
The hydraulic cylinder is characterized by further comprising a pressure control valve and a flow control valve, wherein the pressure control valve is mounted at the outlet of the power unit and used for adjusting the pressure output by the hydraulic cylinder; the flow control valve is installed at an inlet of the hydraulic motor and is used for controlling the torque output by the hydraulic motor.
A test method of a steel wire rope torsion tester of a deep well hoisting system comprises the following steps:
applying axial load through hydraulic cylinders at two ends of the steel wire rope; when an axial load is applied, the hydraulic motor enables one end of the steel wire rope to be twisted through a transmission mechanism;
the optical shaft encoder detects the torsion angle of the output end of the transmission mechanism; the elongation measuring device measures the tensile variation of the steel wire rope; the diameter measuring device measures the diameter of the steel wire rope; after the axial loading and the torsional loading are finished, the lay length measuring device measures the lay length of the steel wire rope;
and the computer control unit analyzes the relation between the torsion angle value and the performance of the steel wire rope according to the information detected by the data detection unit, and establishes a steel wire rope service life estimation model.
Further, the hydraulic cylinder is controlled to apply axial load through a pressure control valve; the amount of torque output by the hydraulic motor is controlled by the flow control valve.
Further, the lay length measuring device measures the lay length of the steel wire rope, and specifically comprises: and adjusting the distance between the lay length track and the steel wire rope, and measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope by moving the eddy current probe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine, a tensile load is provided through the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic motor implements torsion load. The pressure of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure control valve, so that the tensile loading of the steel wire rope under different conditions can be simulated. The hydraulic motor is regulated and controlled in speed through the flow control valve, and the hydraulic motor has the characteristics of low speed, large torque, high precision and good stability.
2. The deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine provided by the invention is arranged on the track through the lay length measuring device, and can be driven by the motor to move at a constant speed, and the distance between the track and the steel wire rope can be accurately adjusted. After the torsion test, the lay length of the steel wire rope can be measured in time, the possibility of researching the change rule of the lay length of the steel wire rope along with the load is provided, and the space of an experiment platform is fully and reasonably utilized.
3. According to the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine, the jacket at one end can drive the steel wire rope to be twisted, the function of releasing the steel wire rope from twisting is achieved, and the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine is simple to operate and convenient to install.
4. The deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine provided by the invention monitors torsion through the optical shaft encoder, and is also provided with the diameter measuring device, the elongation measuring device and the lay length measuring device which can be connected to the data receiving control card, and the data receiving control card is connected with the computer terminal, so that the measured data can be automatically recorded and stored, and the diversification, automation and intellectualization of the measured parameters are realized.
5. According to the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine, the change rules of parameters such as the lay length, the diameter and the length of the steel wire rope under a multi-load loading scheme are researched by analyzing the data stored and recorded by a computer, the relation between the torque release of the steel wire rope and the performance of the steel wire rope under severe working conditions can be analyzed, effective experimental equipment and effective basis are provided for the torsion characteristics of the steel wire rope in a deep well hoisting system, and the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine has important significance for the safe operation of the hoisting system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for representing a work layout;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a jacket structure for implementing wire rope twisting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart for performing data measurements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart for representing lay length measurements according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the life estimation of a wire rope according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an S-N curve estimated by the testing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a hydraulic cylinder; 2-a first bevel gear; 3-an optical axis encoder; 4-a hydraulic motor; 5, a speed reducer; 6-a transmission shaft; 7-a first jacket; 8-a second bevel gear; 9-eddy current probe; 10-lay length track; 11-head sheave; 12-a steel wire rope; 13-diameter measuring means; 14-an elongation measuring device; 15-a second jacket; 16-axial plunger pump; 17-a pressure control valve; 18-a flow control valve; 19-a data transmission system; 20-computer terminal.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show an embodiment of a deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine according to the present invention, which includes a hydraulic loading unit, a data detection unit and a computer control unit, wherein all unit components are located on the same operating platform.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the hydraulic loading unit includes two sets of hydraulic cylinders 1 respectively located at two ends of a steel wire rope 12 and an axial plunger pump 16 for supplying oil, the steel wire rope 12 bypasses a head sheave 11, an oil outlet end of the axial plunger pump 16 is connected with a pressure control valve 17, the pressure control valve 17 is respectively connected with the two sets of hydraulic cylinders 1 through pipelines, wherein the two hydraulic cylinders 1 are respectively installed on a test bench and located at two symmetrical sides of the steel wire rope 12 bypassing the head sheave 11. The hydraulic cylinder 1 is used to provide a tensile load. One end of a steel wire rope 12 is connected with a piston rod of one hydraulic cylinder 1 through a first jacket 7, the other end of the steel wire rope 12 is connected with a piston rod of the other hydraulic cylinder 1 through a second jacket 15, and the first jacket 7 and the second jacket 15 are used for clamping the steel wire rope 12. The first jacket 7 is connected with the output end of the hydraulic motor 4 through a transmission mechanism and is used for twisting the first jacket 7; the transmission mechanism comprises a speed reducer 5 and a wheel train, the output end of the hydraulic motor 4 is connected with the speed reducer 5, the output end of the speed reducer 5 is in transmission connection with a first jacket 7 through the wheel train, and the optical shaft encoder 3 is installed at the output end of the speed reducer 5 and used for detecting the torsion angle of the output end of the speed reducer 5. The gear train comprises a first bevel gear 8 and a second bevel gear 2, the output end of the speed reducer 5 is connected with the second bevel gear 2 through a transmission shaft 6, the first bevel gear 8 is arranged on the excircle of the first jacket 7, the first bevel gear 8 and the second bevel gear 2 are meshed with each other, the torque provided by the hydraulic motor can be converted into the torsion along the axial direction of the jacket 7, the steel wire rope 12 is driven to be twisted, the hydraulic motor can be controlled by the first jacket 7 to rotate positively and negatively, the twisting and recovery of the steel wire rope 12 are realized, the operation is simple, and the installation is convenient. The flow control valve 18 is installed between the axial plunger pump 16 and the hydraulic motor 4, and adjusts the magnitude of the torsional load.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, during the experiment, the steel wire rope 12 of the tested sample is wound on the head sheave 11 by simulating the actual situation. The two ends of the steel wire rope 12 are respectively clamped by the first clamping sleeve 7 and the second clamping sleeve 15, the first clamping sleeve 7 and the second clamping sleeve 15 are approximately cylindrical, the steel wire rope 12 can be firmly clamped, and the steel wire rope 12 cannot be separated under the load required by the experiment. The first jacket 7 locks one end of the wire rope 12, and the wire rope 12 is loaded by the tensile load provided by the hydraulic cylinder 1. The first jacket 7 is connected with the hydraulic motor 4 through a wheel train, and can drive the first jacket 7 and the steel wire rope 12 to rotate along the axial direction. The flow control valve 18 is installed between the axial plunger pump 16 and the hydraulic motor 4, the hydraulic motor 4 is connected with the speed reducer 5, the speed reducer 5 is connected with the transmission shaft 6 to realize low-speed torsion of the steel wire rope 12, and the second jacket 15 is connected with the other end of the steel wire rope 12. The pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure control valve 17, so that the tensile loading of the steel wire rope 12 under different conditions can be simulated. The speed of the hydraulic motor 4 is regulated and controlled through the flow control valve 18, the hydraulic motor has the characteristics of low speed, large torque, high precision and good stability, and a steel wire rope 12 sample with the maximum diameter of 64mm can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the data detection unit includes an optical shaft encoder 3, an elongation measuring device 14, a diameter measuring device 13, and a lay length measuring device, the optical shaft encoder 3 is used for detecting the torsion angle of the output end of the transmission mechanism; the end parts of the first jacket 7 and the second jacket 15 are respectively provided with an elongation measuring device 14 for measuring the elongation variation of the steel wire rope 12; the diameter measuring device 13 is positioned on one side of the steel wire rope 12 connected with the head sheave 11 by the second jacket 15 and is used for measuring the diameter of the steel wire rope 12 before and after the test; the lay length measuring device is used for measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope 12; the lay length measuring device comprises a lay length track 10 and an eddy current probe 9, the lay length track 10 is arranged on the outer side of the steel wire rope 12, the eddy current probe 9 capable of moving at a constant speed is arranged on the lay length track 10, and the eddy current probe 9 can move at a constant speed along the lay length track 10 under the driving of a small motor and is used for measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope 12. The lay length track 10 is movably mounted on a fixed sliding rail and used for adjusting the distance between the lay length track 10 and the steel wire rope 12, namely, the distance between the lay length track 10 and the steel wire rope 12 can be accurately adjusted. The method provides possibility for researching the change rule of the lay length of the steel wire rope 12 along with the load, and makes full and reasonable use of the experimental platform space.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the computer control unit includes a data transmission system 19 and a display operation system. The testing machine is provided with a tensile load by the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the hydraulic motor 4 applies a torsional load. The torsion can be monitored by means of the optical shaft encoder 3, while the diameter measuring device 13, the elongation measuring device 14 and the lay length measuring device can be connected to a data transmission system 19. The stretching and twisting generated by the hydraulic loading unit are measured by the data measuring unit, the data transmission system 19 transmits the data measured by the data measuring unit to the data receiving control card through wired connection transmission, the data transmission system 19 is connected with the computer terminal 20, and the display operation system comprises the computer terminal 20, a data storage library and a display screen and is used for receiving, analyzing, processing and displaying the information of the data receiving control card. The automatic recording and saving of the measured data can be realized, and the diversification, automation and intellectualization of the measurement parameters are realized.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a method for testing a deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion tester comprises the following steps:
step one, applying axial load through hydraulic cylinders 1 at two ends of a steel wire rope 12; when an axial load is applied, the hydraulic motor 4 twists one end of the steel wire rope 12 through a transmission mechanism; applying tension and torsion loading to the steel wire rope to be tested; the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is regulated through the pressure control valve 17, different tensile loads are applied to the tested steel wire rope 12 in a simulated mode, the speed of the hydraulic motor 4 is regulated through the flow control valve 18, and different torsional loads are applied to the tested steel wire rope 12 in a simulated mode. The torsional load measured in the first step is fed back by the counter and then sent to the data transmission system 19.
Step two, the optical shaft encoder 3 measures a torsion angle value;
step three, the elongation measuring device 14 records the dynamic process of the elongation value change of the steel wire rope 12 and sends data to the data transmission system 19;
step four, the diameter measuring device 13 measures the diameter of the steel wire rope 12 and sends a measurement change value to the data transmission system 19;
step five, finishing the measurement and loading of the steel wire rope in the step, measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope, and sending a lay length measured value to the data transmission system 19; the lay length measurement comprises the steps of repeatedly applying stretching torsion loading to the steel wire rope in the first step, keeping the position of the steel wire rope, adjusting the distance between the guide rail and the steel wire rope, setting the moving speed of the probe along the guide rail and carrying out data measurement;
step six, transmitting the torsion angle value, the elongation value, the measurement change value and the lay length measurement value measured in the step two, the step three, the step four and the step five to a data transmission system 19;
and step seven, the computer control unit analyzes the relation between the torsion angle value and the performance of the steel wire rope according to the information detected by the data detection unit, and establishes a steel wire rope service life estimation model.
The test process comprises the following steps: the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected with the pressure control valve 17, and the steel wire rope can be stretched under different loading conditions by adjusting pressure, so that the operation is convenient. The first jacket 7 is connected with the hydraulic motor 4 through a gear train and is used for simulating the torsion of a steel wire rope in a deep well lifting system. In operation, the hydraulic motor 4 applies a torsional load and its rotational speed and torque are regulated by the flow control valve 18. In order to realize extremely low torsion speed, the hydraulic motor 4 is matched with the speed reducer 5, so that the torsion speed of the steel wire rope 12 can reach the rotation speed required by actual conditions. An optical shaft encoder 3 is arranged at the output end of the speed reducer 5, so that the accurate measurement of the torsion angle can be realized. Meanwhile, a lay length measuring device, an elongation measuring device 14 and a diameter measuring device 12 are respectively arranged on two sides of the tested steel wire rope sample. The hydraulic motor 4 can simulate the torsional load applied to the steel wire rope 12, and the testing machine with reasonable design can provide guarantee for the torque loading of the steel wire rope.
And simultaneously performing a control process and part of measurement parameters in the tensile loading process of the steel wire rope sample. The hydraulic cylinder 1 tension load is controlled by the pressure control valve 17, and the flow control valve 18 controls the hydraulic motor 4 rotation speed and torsion loading. When torsion loading is carried out, the optical shaft encoder measures the torsion angle, the size is small, the weight is light, the cost is low, the measurement range is wide, the optical shaft encoder is connected with the counter to carry out torsion monitoring on the steel wire rope, and then the rotation position signal is fed back to the PC end. The elongation measuring device 14 is arranged at the jacket end, records the dynamic process of the elongation value change of the steel wire rope, and transmits the final data to the data receiving card system. The diameter measuring device 13 is arranged on one side of the steel wire rope, measures the diameter of the steel wire rope, sends a measurement change value to the data receiving system, and finally transmits the measurement change value to the PC end. And after the steel wire rope sample is loaded, measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope. The measurement of the load, the torque, the diameter, the lay length change rate, the elongation value and the end part rotation turns of the steel wire rope can be realized by measuring the parameters of the testing machine, and finally, data are exported in a computer library and are analyzed and judged. The measurement data are comprehensive, and the method can be fully used for researching the relation between the torsion behavior and the performance of the steel wire rope and establishing a service life estimation model of the steel wire rope.
And step five, the lay length measurement needs to be carried out after the stretching and twisting are finished, the lay length measuring device of the steel wire rope comprises a lay length track 10 and an eddy current probe 9, the eddy current probe 9 is movably arranged on the lay length track 10, the probe is set to be in step length each time, the probe can be driven by a motor to move at a constant speed, and the distance between the lay length track 10 and the steel wire rope 12 is adjusted. After the measurement is finished, the data are transmitted to the PC end through the data receiving card, and after the data are analyzed, the steel wire rope can be measured again for many times through adjusting parameters. And (3) designing a multiple load loading scheme in an orthogonal mode, and analyzing the distance between the eddy current coil and the steel wire rope, the relative movement speed between the coil and the steel wire rope and the influence of coils with different shapes on a measurement result.
The eddy current probe 9 can be flexibly mounted and dismounted, so that eddy current probes with different coil shapes can be replaced as required, and the relationship between the eddy current probes with different coil shapes and the distance between the steel wire rope, the relative moving speed, the lay length and the torsion angle can be researched.
After the first jacket 7 drives the steel wire rope 12 to twist for a certain number of turns, the movable eddy current probe 9 can carry out internal nondestructive detection on the steel wire rope, and the position of the broken steel wire rope is judged. Not only can ensure safe operation, but also can provide more reasonable time suggestions for replacing the steel wire rope.
The eddy current probe 9 one side still can fixed connection high accuracy camera, the high accuracy camera unit electricity is connected in computer terminal, and the high accuracy camera can move along with the eddy current probe together, records wire rope surface wearing and tearing degree of depth, width and the crackle emergence under the twist reverse-draw up operating mode, in time transmits the image after the discernment to computer terminal, constitutes wire rope and twists reverse fatigue wearing and tearing database, the calling contrast of the later stage of being convenient for.
As shown in fig. 7, the torque corresponding to the fixed load is determined from the wire rope load and torque correspondence relationship. And circularly loading fixed tension and torque on the steel wire rope until the steel wire rope is damaged and meets the failure standard, and recording the times of circular loading. Changing the tension and torque values, replacing another steel wire rope with the same parameters, repeating the cyclic loading step, and recording the cyclic loading times. And repeating the steps for multiple times, fitting the corresponding relation between the obtained tension, torsion and cycle number to obtain an S-N curve, and realizing the service life estimation of the steel wire rope under the stretching-torsion combined action as shown in figure 8.
It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of possible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A deep well hoisting system wire rope torsion testing machine is characterized by comprising a hydraulic loading unit, a data detection unit and a computer control unit;
the hydraulic loading unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1), a power unit and a hydraulic motor (4), and the power unit is used for respectively providing power for the hydraulic cylinder (1) and the hydraulic motor (4); piston rods of the two hydraulic cylinders (1) are respectively connected with two ends of a steel wire rope (12) through two jackets (7, 15), the steel wire rope (12) bypasses a head sheave (11), and any one of the jackets (7, 15) is connected with the output end of a hydraulic motor (4) through a transmission mechanism and used for enabling the jackets (7, 15) to generate torsion;
the data detection unit comprises an optical shaft encoder (3), an elongation measuring device (14), a diameter measuring device (13) and a lay length measuring device, wherein the optical shaft encoder (3) is used for detecting the torsion angle of the output end of the transmission mechanism; the elongation measuring device (14) is used for measuring the stretching variation of the steel wire rope (12); the diameter measuring device (13) is used for measuring the diameter of the steel wire rope (12); the lay length measuring device is used for measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope (12);
the computer control unit comprises a data transmission system (19) and a display operation system, the data transmission system (19) acquires information detected by the data detection unit, the display operation system is used for receiving, analyzing, processing and displaying the information acquired by the data transmission system (19), and the display operation system controls the hydraulic loading unit according to the information feedback detected by the data detection unit; the lay length measuring device comprises a lay length track (10) and an eddy current probe (9), the lay length track (10) is arranged on the outer side of the steel wire rope (12), and the movable eddy current probe (9) is arranged on the lay length track (10) and used for measuring the lay length of the steel wire rope (12); the lay length track (10) is movably arranged on the fixed sliding rail and used for adjusting the distance between the lay length track (10) and the steel wire rope (12).
2. The deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a speed reducer (5) and a gear train, the output end of the hydraulic motor (4) is connected with the speed reducer (5), the output end of the speed reducer (5) is in transmission connection with any one of the jackets (7, 15) through the gear train, and the optical shaft encoder (3) is installed at the output end of the speed reducer (5) and used for detecting the torsion angle of the output end of the speed reducer (5).
3. The deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine according to claim 2, wherein the gear train comprises a first bevel gear (8) and a second bevel gear (2), the output end of the speed reducer (5) is connected with the second bevel gear (2) through a transmission shaft (6), the first bevel gear (8) is arranged on the excircle of any one of the jackets (7, 15), and the first bevel gear (8) and the second bevel gear (2) are meshed with each other.
4. The deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure control valve (17) and a flow control valve (18), wherein the pressure control valve (17) is installed at the outlet of the power unit and used for adjusting the pressure output by the hydraulic cylinder (1); the flow control valve (18) is arranged at the inlet of the hydraulic motor (4) and is used for controlling the torque output by the hydraulic motor (4).
5. A test method of the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion tester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
axial load is applied through hydraulic cylinders (1) at two ends of a steel wire rope (12); when an axial load is applied, the hydraulic motor (4) enables one end of the steel wire rope (12) to be twisted through a transmission mechanism;
the optical shaft encoder (3) detects the torsion angle of the output end of the transmission mechanism; the elongation measuring device (14) measures the tensile variation of the wire rope (12); the diameter measuring device (13) measures the diameter of the steel wire rope (12); after the axial loading and the torsional loading are finished, the lay length measuring device measures the lay length of the steel wire rope (12);
the computer control unit analyzes the relation between the torsion angle value and the performance of the steel wire rope according to the information detected by the data detection unit; and establishing a service life estimation model of the steel wire rope.
6. The testing method of the deep well hoisting system steel wire rope torsion testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1) is controlled to apply the axial load by the pressure control valve (17); the torque output by the hydraulic motor (4) is controlled by the flow control valve (18).
7. The test method of the steel wire rope torsion tester for the deep well hoisting system according to claim 5, wherein the lay length measuring device measures the lay length of the steel wire rope (12), and specifically comprises the following steps: the distance between the lay length track (10) and the steel wire rope (12) is adjusted, and the lay length of the steel wire rope (12) is measured by moving the eddy current probe (9).
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