CN111307271A - Optical cable positioning detection method of distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument - Google Patents
Optical cable positioning detection method of distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN111307271A CN111307271A CN202010271953.7A CN202010271953A CN111307271A CN 111307271 A CN111307271 A CN 111307271A CN 202010271953 A CN202010271953 A CN 202010271953A CN 111307271 A CN111307271 A CN 111307271A
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- optical cable
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
Abstract
A method for positioning and detecting an optical cable of a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument comprises the following steps of installing an ① detector transmitter at a station communication cabinet or an optical cable test pile, installing a transmitter at step ② for continuous test, ensuring that the detection optical cable is covered by 100% at step ③, recording the position of a break point of a detection signal and a GPS coordinate in a step ④, encrypting and measuring the optical cable passing through a ditch, a slope, a pond, a river, a road and a turning properly at step ⑤, and measuring the optical cable data at two ends of the optical cable test section where the optical cable cannot pass through step ⑥.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vibration monitoring system, in particular to an optical cable positioning detection method of a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument.
Background
The distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument is a set of long-distance, distributed and accurately-positioned vibration monitoring system, and can realize multiple functions of event accurate positioning, simultaneous alarm of multiple events, accurate identification of event types, personalized partition configuration, map display and the like on the basis of an intelligent signal processing algorithm.
However, the existing distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument cannot detect the vibration condition of a measurement area by detecting the change of a scattered light signal, can not accurately judge various different invasion and damage modes by a pattern recognition algorithm, can not simultaneously realize simultaneous monitoring and accurate positioning of multi-point invasion, and can not be applied to safety monitoring and positioning of oil and gas pipelines, communication lines, power transmission cables and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an optical cable positioning and detecting method of a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an optical cable positioning detection method of a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument comprises the following steps:
①, installing a detector transmitter at a station communication cabinet or an optical cable test pile, connecting a signal wire with an optical cable sheath (or a reinforced core) and a grounding electrode by adopting a direct connection method, and setting appropriate transmitting frequency (suggesting high-frequency signals) and output power (suggesting high power);
when the transmitter cannot be installed at the position, ②, excavating a pit in the advancing direction of 10-20m at the interruption position of the optical cable detection signal, pulling out the optical cable to expose the armor, and installing the transmitter for continuous testing;
step ③, as the optical cable detection signal is attenuated, when the optical cable detection signal exceeds the effective detection distance of the receiver, the transmitter should be installed at a selected point again, and the measurement is circulated in such a way to ensure that the detection optical cable is covered by 100%;
④ testing the receiver along the optical cable with the same frequency as the transmitter, with test points at intervals of 10-20m, recording the buried depth, position and GPS coordinates of the optical cable at each measurement point, and recording the position and GPS coordinates of the break point in the detection signal at the restart point;
step ⑤, properly encrypting and measuring the optical cables passing through ditches, slopes, ponds, rivers, roads and turns;
step ⑥ measures the cable data at both ends of the cable test segment that the tester cannot walk through due to geographical, environmental, etc.
The invention also has the following additional technical features:
the technical scheme of the invention is further specifically optimized as follows: according to the ground detection result, performing excavation verification at an excavation 1 position per kilometer, and correcting the detection data in the early stage according to the verification result; the excavation inspection process comprises point selection, excavation, inspection and backfilling;
(1) excavating: the method is characterized in that a manual excavation mode is adopted, the length of the bottom of an optical cable excavation pit is 2m (the downward projection of the optical cable is 1m on each side), the width of the bottom is 1m (along the trend of the optical cable), the depth of a pipe ditch is generally excavated until the optical cable is completely exposed (generally 1.5-2m), and the slope gradient of the slope is required to meet the requirements of SY/T5918-2011 technical Specification for repairing the outer anticorrosive layer of the buried steel pipeline;
(2) and (4) checking: after the excavation is finished, measuring the real depth and the trend of the optical cable, photographing and recording, and calculating the relative error of the ground detection data of the test point;
(3) backfilling: after excavation inspection, backfilling the excavated exploration pit as soon as possible, and photographing and recording; protecting the anticorrosive coating of the pipeline during backfilling; the backfill soil is tamped layer by layer.
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically optimized as follows: when the optical cable encryption pile is buried, the face of the encryption pile with the character faces the initial point; the side, with the words, of the encryption piles at the joint and the hand hole is required to face the joint and the hand hole; one surface of the encryption pile with the character faces to one surface with a smaller bending angle; the size and the filling method of the foundation of the encryption pile are executed according to 'specification (SY/T4108-2012) of design, construction and acceptance of optical cables (silicon core pipes) laid in the same ditch of an oil and gas pipeline', the size of a general B-type communication standard stone/encryption pile is 15cm multiplied by 80cm), and the foundation is poured by C15 concrete; when the distance between the pipeline route and the road is not more than 100m, the face, with the shape, of the encryption pile faces the road; when the distance is more than 100m, the side of the encryption pile with the character is faced to the accompanying road of the pipeline; the optical cable in the hand hole is provided with a striking identification mark or an optical cable label.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention is based on
The principle is that the interference phenomenon of high-coherence back Rayleigh scattering light is utilized, the optical cable is used as sensing equipment, the vibration condition of an optical fiber with the length of several kilometers to dozens of kilometers can be detected, the space sampling interval is only 1m, and the detection period can reach millisecondAnd (4) stages. When the optical pulse is transmitted to the optical fiber section affected by the external vibration signal, the optical signal of the optical pulse, which is Rayleigh scattered back to the detector, can also change, the vibration condition of a measuring area can be detected by detecting the change of the scattered light signal, meanwhile, various different invasion and damage modes can be accurately judged through a mode recognition algorithm, and the simultaneous monitoring and the accurate positioning of multi-point invasion can be realized. The invention can be applied to the safety monitoring and positioning of oil and gas pipelines, communication lines, power transmission cables and the like.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below, which are for the purpose of providing a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description herein are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that, for example, the embodiments of the disclosure described herein may be practiced in sequences other than those described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
An optical cable positioning detection method of a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument comprises the following steps:
step ① the detector transmitter is installed on the station communication cabinet or the cable test pile, the signal wire is connected to the cable sheath (or the reinforced core) and the earth pole by the direct connection method, and the proper transmitting frequency (high frequency signal recommendation) and output power (high power recommendation) are set.
And ②, when the transmitter cannot be installed at the position, excavating a pit in the advancing direction of 10-20m at the interruption position of the optical cable detection signal, pulling out the optical cable to expose the armor, and installing the transmitter to continue testing.
Step ③ is repeated to ensure 100% coverage of the test cable when the transmitter is installed at a selected point when the effective test distance of the receiver is exceeded as the test signal of the cable is attenuated.
Step ④ the receiver tests along the optical cable with the same frequency as the transmitter, the test points are 10-20m apart, each measurement point records the cable burial depth, position and GPS coordinates, and the receiver re-records the position and GPS coordinates of the break point in the detection signal.
Step ⑤ encrypts the measurements as appropriate for cables traversing trenches, sills, ponds, rivers, roads and turns.
Step ⑥ measures the cable data at both ends of the cable test segment that the tester cannot walk through due to geographical, environmental, etc.
And (4) performing excavation verification according to the excavation 1 position per kilometer according to the ground detection result, and correcting the detection data in the early stage according to the verification result. The excavation inspection process comprises point selection, excavation, inspection and backfilling.
(1) Excavating: the method is characterized in that a manual excavation mode is adopted, the length of the bottom of an optical cable excavation pit is 2m (the downward projection of the optical cable is respectively 1m on two sides), the width of the bottom is 1m (along the trend of the optical cable), the depth of a pipe ditch is generally excavated until the optical cable is completely exposed (generally 1.5-2m), and the slope gradient of the slope is required to meet the requirements of SY/T5918-2011 technical Specification for repairing the outer anticorrosive coating of the buried steel pipeline.
(2) And (4) checking: and after the excavation is finished, measuring the real depth and the trend of the optical cable, photographing and recording, and calculating the relative error of the ground detection data of the test point.
(3) Backfilling: and after excavation inspection, backfilling the excavated exploration pit as soon as possible, and photographing and recording. And protecting the anticorrosive coating of the pipeline during backfilling. The backfill soil is tamped layer by layer.
When the optical cable encryption pile is buried, the face of the encryption pile with the character faces the starting point. The side, with words, of the encryption piles at the joint and the hand hole is required to face the joint and the hand hole. The face of the encryption pile with the character faces the face with the smaller bending angle. The size and the filling method of the foundation of the encryption pile are implemented according to 'specification of design, construction and acceptance of optical cables (silicon core pipes) laid in the same ditch of an oil and gas pipeline' (SY/T4108-2012), the size of a general B-type communication standard stone/encryption pile is 15cm multiplied by 80cm), and the foundation is poured by C15 concrete. When the distance between the pipeline route and the road is not more than 100m, the face of the encryption pile with the word faces the road. And when the distance is more than 100m, the side of the encryption pile with the character faces the accompanying road of the pipeline. The optical cable in the hand hole is provided with a striking identification mark or an optical cable label.
Examples
The optical cable is measured by adopting a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument; and (4) verifying by using an RD8100 type pipeline detector instrument.
(1) Preparation before excavation
A. Before excavation, technical background exchange is carried out on workers, and the workers are fully familiar with drawings.
B. And (5) according to the requirements of a drawing, discharging the central line of the pipe trench by lime, and marking a corner point.
C. Before excavation, the distribution condition, the buried depth and the trend of underground facilities (pipelines and optical cables) should be explained to workers.
(2) Excavating
A. The trench is only allowed to be excavated manually, and is excavated by hands when necessary at a position close to the optical cable.
B. When the pipe trench is excavated, the excavated earth and stone should be piled up to the trench edge on the opposite side of the construction, and the distance between the piled earth and the trench edge is beyond 0.5 m.
C. When a pipe trench is excavated in a farming area, surface layer farming soil and lower layer soil are separately stacked to ensure the restoration of landform.
D. The width and slope ratio of the pipe ditch are specified according to the requirements of design drawings and SY/T0401-1998.
(3) Construction for laying optical cable (silicon core pipe)
General provisions: the optical cable (silicon core pipe) laying construction in the same ditch is carried out according to the engineering design regulation and the national current standard; construction records are made for the same-ditch laying construction of the optical cable (silicon core pipe), and the construction records of hidden projects are confirmed by a construction unit; the construction operation rules formulated by construction units are in accordance with the requirements of the specification, and construction operators are trained by corresponding technologies and are certified for post.
Material inspection and requirements: the specification, model, quantity and quality of engineering equipment meet the requirements of design and ordering contracts; the equipment used in the engineering must have a product quality inspection pass certificate and a product test record submitted by a factory, and the equipment which does not meet the standard or has no delivery inspection pass certificate cannot be used in the engineering; recording the inspected equipment; the optical cable single-disc test is required to meet the standard requirement; the silicon core pipe should meet the standard requirements by field inspection.
Laying construction requirements of the optical cable (silicon core pipe): the laying construction of the optical cable (silicon core pipe) is required to meet the design requirement, the existing underground pipeline and the underground optical (electric) cable are required to be protected in the construction, and the damage to the pipeline and other accessory facilities of the pipeline is strictly forbidden.
The cleaning and excavation of the optical cable (silicon core pipe) groove meet the following requirements that the pipeline is cleaned and leveled once backfilling before the optical cable (silicon core pipe) is laid; the groove of the optical cable (silicon core pipe) is smooth and straight; the position, depth and width of the optical cable (silicon core pipe) groove in the oil (gas) pipeline pipe groove are in accordance with the design requirements.
A. After the oil (gas) pipeline is completely laid in the ditch, the optical cable (silicon core pipe) can be laid.
B. Before the silicon core pipe is laid, whether the silicon core pipe is tightly plugged or not should be checked. When in laying, water, soil, mud and other impurities are strictly prohibited to enter the silicon core pipe.
C. The optical cable (silicon core pipe) construction should be laid according to the design trend and position.
D. The optical cable (silicon core pipe) can be laid by adopting a manual lifting method, a fixed trailer method, a mobile trailer method and the like. The maximum traction force during laying can not exceed the maximum traction load requirement of the product.
E. The optical cable (silicon core pipe) is required to be lifted immediately after passing through the lower part of the barrier, so that the optical cable (silicon core pipe) is prevented from being rubbed with the ground, and a special person is required to take care of the optical cable (silicon core pipe) when passing through the barrier.
F. The optical cable (silicon core pipe) should be laid straight, without bending, without twisting and without winding, back buckling and hard bending are strictly prohibited, and the trench should be excavated when the optical cable (silicon core pipe) enters and exits the hand hole. The longitudinal laying of the silicon core pipe should avoid repeated concave-convex as much as possible.
G. The silicon core pipe is connected and sealed in time after being laid, and the pipe orifice is plugged in time for the part which is led to the hand hole. When the silicon core pipe cannot be immediately connected after being laid, the length which can cause retraction due to temperature difference is reserved, and the pipe orifice is sealed. When a plurality of silicon core pipes are laid in the same ditch, the silicon core pipes are bound at regular intervals according to design requirements so as to increase the straightness of the silicon core pipes and keep a certain pipe group section.
H. When laying optical cables (silicon core pipes) in ponds and swamps, construction is required according to design requirements.
I. After the optical cable (silicon core pipe) is laid, fine soil is buried in time to prevent the pipeline from being damaged due to secondary backfilling (original soil).
J. And after the silicon core pipe blows the optical cable, plugging the end opening of the silicon core pipe.
K. The bending radius of the optical cable (silicon core pipe) should meet the design requirement.
The connection between the two silicon core pipes adopts a standard plastic joint piece, and the connection of the silicon core pipes of the temporary excavation air blowing point and the traction point adopts a split type joint piece. The connection of the silicon core pipe meets the following requirements that the interface of the section of the silicon core pipe is straight and has no burr; the specification and the form of the silicon core pipe joint piece are matched with a silicon core pipe, and a rubber gasket in the joint piece and the silicon core pipes at two ends are arranged according to the product operation standard; in the connection process, water, soil, mud and other impurities are prevented from entering the silicon core pipe; the silicon core pipe is well sealed after connection, and has no air leakage and water inflow.
The optical cable connection is executed according to the regulations of communication line engineering acceptance standard YD5121 of the national current standard, and the optical cable ports are connected in sequence. When the optical cable cannot be connected in time after being laid, the reserved optical cable at the joint point is properly arranged in the joint pit, and the end head is subjected to sealing and moisture-proof treatment to prevent the optical cable from being soaked in water or artificially damaged.
When the optical cable is blown from the middle hand hole to two sides, the optical cable is reversely coiled by adopting an 8-shaped coiling method. The middle hand hole is properly coiled with the residual cable.
(4) Backfilling
The backfilling needs to be timely, and the following contents need to be paid attention when the pipe trench is backfilled:
A. backfilling section pile number, mileage and specific reference objects;
B. backfilling program and backfilling soil quality requirement;
C. backfilling height and earthing shape;
D. landform restoration requirements and hydraulic protection measures.
Before backfilling, if water is accumulated in the pipe ditch, the water is discharged and backfilled. Backfilling fine soil to 0.3m above the top of the pipe, then placing an optical cable sleeve pipe, placing the optical cable sleeve pipe on the edge of the pipe ditch which is flush with the top of the pipe and is positioned at the right side of the oil flow direction, and finally backfilling undisturbed soil.
The backfill soil of the pipe ditch is higher than the ground by more than 0.3m and is used for making up the requirement of stratosphere settlement. The covering soil is matched with the central line of the pipe ditch, the width of the covering soil is equal to the width of the upper opening of the pipe ditch, and the covering soil is made into a regular shape.
The damaged water retaining walls, ridges, drainage ditches, toilet ways and other ground facilities are restored along the construction process according to the original appearance. The landform with special requirements on design is recovered according to the design requirements.
And backfilling raw soil in the pipe ditch, and when the pipe ditch is backfilled to be 150mm away from the natural ground, backfilling planting soil and reserving settlement allowance. The remaining raw soil is transported to a designated storage location of the owner by a vehicle.
For the pipe trench which is possibly subjected to flood scouring or soaking after backfilling, measures for preventing scouring and pipeline floating, such as layered compaction backfilling, drainage or sand bag pressing, and the like, are adopted according to design requirements.
(5) Inspection acceptance
After the landform is recovered, the landform is organized, checked and accepted, and handed to a local administrative department for handling the procedures of recovering the landform.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is known, other variations and modifications can be made to the embodiments by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes that can be used in the present specification or directly or indirectly applied to other related fields are encompassed by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An optical cable positioning detection method of a distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument is characterized by comprising the following steps:
①, installing a detector transmitter at a station communication cabinet or an optical cable test pile, connecting a signal wire with an optical cable sheath and a grounding electrode by adopting a direct connection method, and setting appropriate transmitting frequency and output power;
when the transmitter cannot be installed at the position, ②, excavating a pit in the advancing direction of 10-20m at the interruption position of the optical cable detection signal, pulling out the optical cable to expose the armor, and installing the transmitter for continuous testing;
step ③, as the optical cable detection signal is attenuated, when the optical cable detection signal exceeds the effective detection distance of the receiver, the transmitter should be installed at a selected point again, and the measurement is circulated in such a way to ensure that the detection optical cable is covered by 100%;
④ testing the receiver along the optical cable with the same frequency as the transmitter, with test points at intervals of 10-20m, recording the buried depth, position and GPS coordinates of the optical cable at each measurement point, and recording the position and GPS coordinates of the break point in the detection signal at the restart point;
step ⑤, properly encrypting and measuring the optical cables passing through ditches, slopes, ponds, rivers, roads and turns;
step ⑥ measures the cable data at both ends of the cable test segment that the inspector cannot walk through due to geographical and environmental factors.
2. The method for detecting the cable location of the distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein: according to the ground detection result, performing excavation verification at an excavation 1 position per kilometer, and correcting the detection data in the early stage according to the verification result; the excavation inspection process comprises point selection, excavation, inspection and backfilling;
(1) excavating: the method is characterized in that a manual excavation mode is adopted, the length of the bottom of an optical cable excavation pit is 2m, the width of the bottom is 1m, the depth of a pipe ditch is generally excavated until the optical cable is completely exposed, and the slope of the slope should meet the requirements of SY/T5918-2011 technical Specification for repairing the outer anticorrosive layer of the buried steel pipeline;
(2) and (4) checking: after the excavation is finished, measuring the real depth and the trend of the optical cable, photographing and recording, and calculating the relative error of the ground detection data of the test point;
(3) backfilling: after excavation inspection, backfilling the excavated exploration pit as soon as possible, and photographing and recording; protecting the anticorrosive coating of the pipeline during backfilling; the backfill soil is tamped layer by layer.
3. The method for detecting the cable location of the distributed optical fiber vibration system instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the optical cable encryption pile is buried, the face of the encryption pile with the character faces the initial point; the side, with the words, of the encryption piles at the joint and the hand hole is required to face the joint and the hand hole; one surface of the encryption pile with the character faces to one surface with a smaller bending angle; the size and the landfill method of the foundation of the encrypted pile are executed according to the design, construction and acceptance criteria of optical cables laid in the same ditch of an oil and gas pipeline, the size of a general B-type communication standard stone/the encrypted pile is 15cm multiplied by 80cm), and the foundation is poured by C15 concrete; when the distance between the pipeline route and the road is not more than 100m, the face, with the shape, of the encryption pile faces the road; when the distance is more than 100m, the side of the encryption pile with the character is faced to the accompanying road of the pipeline; the optical cable in the hand hole is provided with a striking identification mark or an optical cable label.
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Application publication date: 20200619 |
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