CN111306263B - 混合动力系统 - Google Patents

混合动力系统 Download PDF

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CN111306263B
CN111306263B CN201910499435.8A CN201910499435A CN111306263B CN 111306263 B CN111306263 B CN 111306263B CN 201910499435 A CN201910499435 A CN 201910499435A CN 111306263 B CN111306263 B CN 111306263B
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planetary gear
gear set
transmitting device
torque
carrier assembly
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CN111306263A (zh
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E·W·梅利特
A·G·霍姆斯
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/64—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains, the drive always passing through all the trains, each train having not more than one connection for driving another train
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
    • F16H57/0441—Arrangements of pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

混合动力系统包括内燃机和联接到内燃机的多速变速器。多速变速器包括输入构件、输出构件和第一、第二、第三、第四和第五行星齿轮组，每个行星齿轮组具有太阳齿轮构件、行星架组件构件和环齿轮构件。多速变速器进一步包括第一、第二、第三、第四和第五行星齿轮组，每个行星齿轮组具有太阳齿轮构件、行星架组件构件和环齿轮构件。多速变速器进一步包括七个扭矩传递装置，配置成选择性地将第一、第二、第三、第四和第五行星齿轮组彼此互连成至少四个的组合，从而在输入构件与输出构件之间建立至少十个前进挡速比和至少一个倒挡速比。

Description

混合动力系统
引言
本公开涉及一种具有驱动马达和变速器的混合动力系统，该变速器配置成在混合动力变速器架构中提供二十个前进挡速比和两个倒挡速比。
目前，内燃机，特别是往复活塞式内燃机，推进大多数车辆。此类发动机是将燃料形式的高度集中的能量转换成有用的机械动力的相对高效、紧凑、轻质和便宜的机构。
车辆对内燃机的需求的广泛变化增加了燃料消耗和排放，使其超出此类发动机的理想情况。通常，车辆由此类发动机推进，该发动机由小电动马达和相对小的蓄电池从冷态起动，然后被快速地置于来自推进和辅助装置的负载下。此类发动机还在较大速度范围和较大负载范围内操作，并且通常平均在其最大功率输出的约五分之一下操作。
车辆变速器将机械动力从内燃机传递到传动系统的其余部分，诸如，固定式最终传动齿轮、车轴和车轮。机械变速器通常通过五个或六个不同的传动比的交替选择、允许发动机在车辆静止的情况下操作辅助装置的空挡选择，以及用于在传动比之间平滑过渡并在发动机转动时从静止起动车辆的离合器或变矩器，允许发动机操作具有一些自由度。变速器挡位选择允许将来自发动机的动力传递到传动系统的其他部分，同时伴随扭矩比倍增和速度减小、被称为超速传动的扭矩比减小和速度倍增、或倒挡比。
混合系统可以以多种方式改善车辆燃料经济性。例如，在减速和制动期间以及低速或轻载操作期间，发动机可以在怠速下关闭，以消除由于发动机阻力引起的效率损失。在发动机操作期间(经由再生制动)捕获的制动能量或由用作发电机的马达储存的能量在发动机关闭期间得以利用。在开启发动机的电动模式下的操作期间，由马达补充发动机扭矩或动力的瞬时需求，从而允许在不明显降低车辆性能的情况下减小发动机的尺寸。另外，发动机可以在最佳效率点或其附近操作，用于给定的动力需求。电动发电机能够在制动期间捕获车辆动能，将其用于使发动机关闭更久、补充发动机扭矩或动力并/或在较低的发动机速度下操作，或补充辅助动力。另外，马达/发电机在生成辅助动力中非常有效，并且来自电池的电力用作允许在相对低变速器数字速比下操作的可用扭矩储备。
发明内容
本公开描述了用于具有至少十个速比的后轮驱动变速器的混合动力装置。当前公开的混合动力系统能够实现高起动比以减小马达扭矩需求。高起动比可以用于低电池摩擦起动。电动马达起动装置(EMLD)的起动比也可用，但是起动比更小。混合动力系统包括内燃机和联接到内燃机的多速变速器。多速变速器包括输入构件、输出构件，以及第一、第二、第三、第四和第五行星齿轮组，每个行星齿轮组具有太阳齿轮构件，行星架组件构件和环齿轮构件。多速变速器进一步包括将第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件与第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件连续连接的第一互连构件。此外，多速变速器包括将第一行星齿轮组的行星架组件构件与第四行星齿轮组的环齿轮构件连续连接的第二互连构件。此外，多速变速器包括将第二行星齿轮组的环齿轮构件与第三行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件连续连接的第三互连构件。多速变速器进一步包括将第五行星齿轮组的行星架组件构件与第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件连续连接的第四互连构件。多速变速器进一步包括七个扭矩传递装置，配置成选择性地将第一、第二、第三、第四和第五行星齿轮组彼此互连成至少四个的组合，从而在输入构件与输出构件之间建立至少十个前进挡速比和至少一个倒挡速比。混合动力系统进一步包括与第四行星齿轮组的行星架组件构件连续连接的最终传动机构。混合动力系统包括连接到多速变速器的电动发电机。
在本公开的一个方面，一种应用的连接内燃机和变速器的装置包括：具有固定环齿轮的行星齿轮组。太阳齿轮固定到电动马达。齿轮组架连接到变速器的构件。虽然该变速器被示出为其实施例，但是其可用于其他变速器。内燃机通过离合器连接到电动马达和太阳齿轮。内燃机还通过另一离合器连接到变速器内的不同位置。该变速器被示出为其实施例，但是该装置可以用于其他变速器。可另设离合器，从而将第五齿轮组接地，由此不需要来自马达的能量。该布置进一步包括多个互连构件，并且该多个互连构件中的至少一个连接到行星齿轮组。
在本发明的一个方面中，混合动力系统进一步包括将电动发电机与第五行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件连续连接的第五互连构件。此外，混合动力系系统包括变速器壳体。七个扭矩传递装置中的第一个可选择性地将第一行星齿轮组的环齿轮构件与变速器壳体连接。七个扭矩传递装置中的第二个可选择性地将第二行星齿轮组的第二环齿轮构件与节点J连接。七个扭矩传递装置中的第三个可选择性地将第三行星齿轮组的行星架组件构件与节点J连接。第三扭矩传递装置可以用固定连接代替。照此，在该实施例中，行星齿轮装置包括将第三行星齿轮组的第三行星架组件构件与节点J连续连接的第六互连构件(例如，第六互连轴)。七个扭矩传递装置中的第四个可以选择性地将第三行星齿轮组的环齿轮构件与第二行星齿轮组的行星架组件构件连接。七个扭矩传递装置中的第五个可选择性地将第一行星齿轮组的行星架组件构件与节点J连接。扭矩传递装置中的第六个选择性地将内燃机的发动机曲轴与第二行星齿轮组的第二行星架组件构件连接。扭矩传递装置中的第七个可以选择性地将电动发电机和第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件连接到内燃机的发动机曲轴。扭矩传递装置中的第八个可以选择性地将第五行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮构件或行星架组件与固定部件连接，以选择性地将电动发电机接地。
当结合附图时，根据以下实行本技术的最佳模型的详细描述，本发明的以上特征和优点以及其他特征和优点是显而易见的。
附图说明
图1是包括行星变速器齿轮组和扭矩传递装置的动力系统的示意图。
图2是描述图1所示的动力系统的一些操作特性的真值表和图表。
图3是根据本公开的另一方面的动力系统的示意图。
图4是根据本公开的另一方面的动力系统的示意图。
图5是根据本公开的另一方面的动力系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
参见附图，在图1中示出了混合动力系10，其具有内燃机12、多速变速器14、最终传动机构16，与多速变速器14连接的电动发电机90，以及与多速变速器14连接的机械泵92。电动马达发电机90接地(即，联接到静止部件SC，诸如变速器壳体61)。可以使用各种类型的燃料为发动机12提供动力，以提高特定应用的效率和燃料经济性。此类燃料可包括，例如汽油；柴油；甲醇；二甲醚；等。机械泵92可以被布置在第一位置L1或第二位置L2处并且可以由以下各项驱动：1)内燃机12；2)电动发电机90；或两者的组合(无论哪一个旋转得更快)。混合动力系统10不包括变矩器。
多速变速器14包括输入构件17(即，输入轴)、行星齿轮布置18和与最终传动机构16连续连接的输出构件19。行星齿轮装置18包括五个行星齿轮组(即，第一行星齿轮组20、第二行星齿轮组30、第三行星齿轮组40、第四行星齿轮组50和第五行星齿轮组60)。
用于连接内燃机12和变速器14的装置18包括：具有固定环齿轮64的行星齿轮组60。太阳齿轮62固定到电动马达90。齿轮组60的架连接到变速器18的构件。变速器18被示出为其实施例，但是其可用于其他变速器。内燃机12通过离合器87连接到电动马达90和太阳齿轮62。内燃机12还通过离合器86连接到变速器内的不同位置。变速器18被示出为其实施例，但是该装置可用于其他变速器。可另外设置离合器，从而使第五齿轮组接地，由此不需要来自马达90的能量。
第一行星齿轮组20包括第一太阳齿轮构件22、第一环齿轮构件24和第一行星架组件构件26。第一行星架组件构件26包括多个第一小齿轮27，第一小齿轮27可旋转地安装在第一架构件29上并且被布置成与第一太阳齿轮构件22和第一环齿轮构件24都处于啮合关系。
第二行星齿轮组30包括第二太阳齿轮构件32、第二环齿轮构件34和第二行星架组件构件36。第二行星架组件构件36包括多个第二小齿轮37，第二小齿轮37可旋转地安装在第二架构件39上并且被布置成与第二环齿轮构件34和第二太阳齿轮构件32都处于啮合关系。
第三行星齿轮组40包括第三太阳齿轮构件42、第三环齿轮构件44和第三行星架组件构件46。第三行星架组件构件46包括多个第三小齿轮47，第三小齿轮47安装在第三架构件49上并且被布置成与第三环齿轮构件44和第三太阳齿轮构件42都处于啮合关系。
第四行星齿轮组50包括第四太阳齿轮构件52、第四环齿轮构件54和第四行星架组件构件56。第四行星架组件构件56包括多个第四小齿轮57，第四小齿轮57安装在架构件59上并且布置成与第四环齿轮构件54和第四太阳齿轮构件52都处于啮合关系。
第五行星齿轮组60包括第五太阳齿轮构件62，第五环齿轮构件64和第五行星架组件构件66。第五行星架组件构件66包括多个第五小齿轮67，第五小齿轮67安装在架构件69上并且被布置成与第五环齿轮构件64和第五太阳齿轮构件62都处于啮合关系。第五环齿轮构件64接地。即，第五环齿轮构件64附接到静止部件SC(例如，变速器壳体61)。照此，第五环齿轮构件64相对于第五行星齿轮组60的其他构件保持静止。第五行星齿轮组60为电动发电机90提供较高的起动比，由此降低电动发电机90的扭矩需求。
输入构件17(即，输入轴)与第二行星齿轮组30的第二行星架组件构件36连续连接。输出构件19与第四行星齿轮组50的第四行星架组件构件56连续连接。
第一互连构件70(例如，第一互连轴)将第一行星齿轮组20的第一太阳齿轮构件22与第二行星齿轮组30的第二太阳齿轮构件32连续连接。第二互连构件72(例如，第二互连轴)将第一行星齿轮组20的第一行星架组件构件26与第四行星齿轮组50的第四环齿轮构件54连续连接。第三互连构件74(例如，第三互连轴)将第二行星齿轮组30的第二环齿轮构件34与第三行星齿轮组40的第三太阳齿轮构件42连续连接。第四互连构件76(例如，第四互连轴)将第五行星齿轮组60的第五行星架组件构件66与第一行星齿轮组20的第一太阳齿轮构件22连续连接。第五互连构件78(例如，第五互连轴)将电动发电机90与第五行星齿轮组60的第五太阳齿轮构件62连续连接。
行星齿轮装置18还包括至少七个扭矩传递装置(例如，第一扭矩传递装置81、第二扭矩传递装置82、第三扭矩传递装置83、第四扭矩传递装置84、第五扭矩传递装置85、第六扭矩传递装置86和第七扭矩传递装置87)，各自具有传递扭矩的接合或开启位置和不传递扭矩的脱离或关闭位置。扭矩传递装置配置成选择性地将行星齿轮组的构件与静止部件SC或与其它行星齿轮组的构件互连。七个扭矩传递装置(或更多个)以至少四个的组合接合，从而在所述输入构件17与所述输出构件19之间建立至少十个前进挡速比和至少一个倒挡速比。
参见图1和图2，诸如制动器的并在图2中被称为制动器1的第一扭矩传递装置81选择性地将第一行星齿轮组20的第一环齿轮构件24(在图2中被称为R1)与诸如变速器壳体61(在图2中被称为接地)的静止部件连接。第一扭矩传递装置81是固定式扭矩传递装置，通常被称为制动器或反作用离合器。
诸如离合器的且在图2中被称为离合器1的第二扭矩传递装置82选择性地将第二行星齿轮组30的第二环齿轮构件34(在图2中称为R2)与节点J91(即，由自滚动节点并在图2中被称为J5)连接。术语“节点J”指行星齿轮装置18的部件，其不连接到任何齿轮，仅旋转离合器。第二扭矩传递装置82是旋转型扭矩传递装置，通常被称为离合器。
诸如离合器的并在图2中被称为离合器2的第三扭矩传递装置83选择性地将第三行星齿轮组40的第三行星架组件构件46(在图2中被称为PC3)与节点J91(在图2中被称为J5)连接。当第五扭矩传递装置85处于接合位置时，第三扭矩传递装置83还选择性地将第一行星齿轮组20的第一行星架组件构件26与第三行星齿轮组40的第三行星架组件构件46连接。第三扭矩传递装置83是旋转型扭矩传递装置，通常被称为离合器。
诸如离合器的并在图2中称为离合器3的第四扭矩传递装置84选择性地将第三行星齿轮组40的第三环齿轮构件44(在图2中被称为R3)与第二行星齿轮组30的第二行星架组件构件36(在图2中称为PC2)连接。第四扭矩传递装置84是旋转型扭矩传递装置，通常被称为离合器。
诸如离合器的并在图2中被称为离合器4的第五扭矩传递装置85选择性地将第一行星齿轮组20的第一行星架组件构件26(在图2中被称为PC1)与节点J91(在图2中被称为J5)连接。第五扭矩传递装置85是旋转型扭矩传递装置，通常被称为离合器。
诸如离合器的并在图2中被称为离合器5的第六扭矩传递装置86选择性地将内燃机12的发动机曲轴11(在图2中被称为输入-E)与第二行星齿轮组30的第二行星架组件构件36(在图2中被称为PC2)连接，从而在混合模式(图2中的混合)、发动机模式(图2中的ICE)或电动马达起动装置(EMLD)模式下操作车辆。在发动机模式(ICE)中，动力系统10仅使用内燃机12来向多速变速器14提供输入扭矩。第六扭矩传递装置86是旋转型扭矩传递装置，通常被称为离合器。
在电动模式(EV)中，动力系统10仅使用电动发电机90来向多速变速器14提供输入扭矩。在混合模式中，动力系统10使用内燃机12和电动发电机90来向多速变速器14提供输入扭矩，并且内燃机12和电动发电机90的速度彼此相等。在EMLD模式中，动力系统10使用内燃机12和电动发电机90来向多速变速器14提供输入扭矩，并且内燃机12和电动发电机90的速度彼此不同。在图2中，示出了马达速度等于0转/分钟(RPM)时的速比。
诸如图2中被称为离合器6的离合器的第七扭矩传递装置87选择性地将第五行星齿轮组60的电动发电机90(在图2中被称为输入-M)和第五太阳齿轮构件62(在图2中被称为S6)连接到内燃机12的发动机曲轴11，从而在混合模式(图2中的混合)下操作。第七扭矩传递装置87是旋转型扭矩传递装置，通常被称为离合器。由于动力系统10包括第六扭矩传递装置86和第七扭矩传递装置87，其不需要(并且因此不包括)变矩器。
电源94电连接到电动发电机90。照此，电动发电机90可以向电源94传递电力或从电源94接收电力。电源94可以是一个或多个电池。诸如燃料电池的其它电源94具有提供或存储和分配电力的能力，并且可以代替电池使用。
控制器96连接到电源以控制从或到电源的电力分配。控制器96可以包括诸如处理器(P)的硬件元件、电路，包括但不限于定时器的电路、振荡器、模数(A/D)电路、数模(D/A)电路、数字信号处理器以及输入/输出(I/O)设备，以及其它信号调节和/或缓冲电路。存储器(M)可以包括有形的非瞬时存储器，诸如只读存储器(ROM)，例如磁性、固态/快闪和/或光存储器，以及足够量的随机存取存储器(RAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)等。
现在回到动力源的描述，具体参考图1，从以上描述应当清楚，多速变速器14选择性地从发动机12接收动力。多速变速器14还从连接到控制器96的电源94接收动力。电源94可以是一个或多个电池。具有提供或存储并分配电力的能力的其它电源94，诸如电容器或燃料电池，可以代替电池或与电池组合使用。发动机曲轴11与输出部件19之间的速比由扭矩传递装置(即，第一扭矩传递装置81、第二扭矩传递装置82、第三扭矩传递装置83、第四扭矩传递装置84、第五扭矩传递装置85、第六扭矩传递装置86和第七扭矩传递装置87)和行星齿轮组(即，第一行星齿轮组20、第二行星齿轮组30、第三行星齿轮组40、第四行星齿轮组50和第五行星齿轮组60)的环齿轮/太阳齿轮齿数比决定。
如图2所示，具体如本文公开的真值表所述，扭矩传递装置(即，第一扭矩传递装置81、第二扭矩传递装置82、第三扭矩传递装置83、第四扭矩传递装置84、第五扭矩传递装置85、第六扭矩传递装置86和第七扭矩传递装置87)以至少四个的组合选择性地接合，从而提供至少二十个前进挡速比和至少一个倒挡速比(例如，两个)，全部具有单个转变顺序换挡。在图2中，表中的X表示扭矩传递装置处于接合或开启位置，由此承载扭矩。否则，如果图2中没有示出X，则扭矩传递装置处于脱离或关闭位置并且不承载扭矩。多速变速器14的独特布置通过最小化多速变速器14的长度来改进包装。
参见图3，行星齿轮装置18可以进一步包括第八扭矩传递装置88，例如制动器，其选择性地将第五行星齿轮组60的第五太阳轮构件62与固定部件SC(例如，变速器壳体61)连接，从而选择性地将电动发电机90接地，由此提供具有十个速比的多速变速器14。第八扭矩传递装置88是固定式扭矩传递装置，通常被称为制动器或反作用离合器。
可替代地，如图4所示，第八扭矩传递装置88选择性地将第五行星齿轮组60的第五环齿轮构件24(在图2中被称为R1)与固定部件(例如，变速器壳体61)连接，从而选择性地将电动发电机90接地，由此为多速变速器14提供十个速比。
参见图5，第三扭矩传递装置83可以用固定连接代替。照此，在该实施例中，行星齿轮装置18包括第六互连构件79(例如，第六互连轴)，其将第三行星齿轮组40的第三行星架组件构件46(在图2中被称为PC3)与节点J91(在图2中被称为J5)连续连接。因此，如图2所示，速比E被消除。
虽然已经详细描述了实施本公开的最佳模式，但是本公开所涉及的领域的技术人员将认识到在所附权利要求的范围内实施本公开的各种替代设计和实施例。

Claims (8)

1.一种混合动力系统，包括：
内燃机；
电动发电机；
多速变速器，具有：
输入构件；
输出构件；
第一行星齿轮组、第二行星齿轮组、第三行星齿轮组、第四行星齿轮组和第五行星齿轮组，所述每个行星齿轮组具有太阳齿轮构件、行星架组件构件和环齿轮构件；
第一互连构件，将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接；
第二互连构件，将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件连续连接；
第三互连构件，将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与所述第三行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接；
第四互连构件，将所述第五行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件与所述第一行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接；
七个扭矩传递装置，包括第一扭矩传递装置、第二扭矩传递装置、第三扭矩传递装置、第四扭矩传递装置、第五扭矩传递装置、第六扭矩传递装置以及第七扭矩传递装置；
所述第一扭矩传递装置选择性地固定所述第一行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件；
所述第二扭矩传递装置与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件连接；
所述第五扭矩传递装置与所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件连接，并且所述第二扭矩传递装置、所述第三扭矩传递装置与所述第五扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件、所述第三行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件和所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件中的至少两个相互连接；
所述第四扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第三行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件连接；
所述第六扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述内燃机的发动机曲轴与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件连接；
所述第七扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述电动发电机和所述第五行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件与所述内燃机的所述发动机曲轴连接；
所述七个扭矩传递装置配置成选择性地将所述第一行星齿轮组、所述第二行星齿轮组、所述第三行星齿轮组、所述第四行星齿轮组和所述第五行星齿轮组彼此互连成至少四个的组合，从而在所述输入构件和所述输出构件之间建立至少十个前进挡速比和至少一个倒挡速比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力系统，进一步包括将所述电动发电机与所述第五行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接的第五互连构件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力系统，进一步包括变速器壳体，其中所述第一扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与所述变速器壳体连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力系统，其中所述第二扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与节点J连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力系统，其中所述第三扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第三行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件与所述节点J连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力系统，其中所述第五扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件与所述节点J连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力系统，其中，还包括第八扭矩传递装置，所述第八扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第五行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与固定部件连接以选择性地将所述电动发电机接地。
8.一种混合动力系统，包括：
内燃机；
电动发电机；
多速变速器，具有：
输入构件；
输出构件；
第一行星齿轮组、第二行星齿轮组、第三行星齿轮组、第四行星齿轮组和第五行星齿轮组，所述每个行星齿轮组具有太阳齿轮构件、行星架组件构件和环齿轮构件；
第一互连构件，将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接；
第二互连构件，将所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件与所述第四行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件连续连接；
第三互连构件，将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与所述第三行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接；
第四互连构件，将所述第五行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件与所述第一行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件连续连接；
七个扭矩传递装置，包括第一扭矩传递装置、第二扭矩传递装置、第三扭矩传递装置、第四扭矩传递装置、第五扭矩传递装置、第六扭矩传递装置以及第七扭矩传递装置；
所述第一扭矩传递装置选择性地固定所述第一行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件；
所述第二扭矩传递装置与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件连接；
所述第五扭矩传递装置与所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件连接，并且所述第二扭矩传递装置、所述第三扭矩传递装置与所述第五扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第二行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件、所述第三行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件和所述第一行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件中的至少两个相互连接；
所述第四扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述第三行星齿轮组的所述环齿轮构件与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件连接；
所述第六扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述内燃机的发动机曲轴与所述第二行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件连接；
所述第七扭矩传递装置选择性地将所述电动发电机和所述第五行星齿轮组的所述太阳齿轮构件与所述内燃机的所述发动机曲轴连接；
所述七个扭矩传递装置配置成选择性地将所述第一行星齿轮组、所述第二行星齿轮组、所述第三行星齿轮组、所述第四行星齿轮组和所述第五行星齿轮组彼此互连成至少四个的组合，从而在所述输入构件和所述输出构件之间建立至少十个前进挡速比和至少一个倒挡速比；以及连续地连接到所述第四行星齿轮组的所述行星架组件构件的最终传动机构；以及
联接到所述输出构件的最终传动机构。
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