CN111305754B - Bored concrete pile construction method based on full-hydraulic power head drilling machine - Google Patents
Bored concrete pile construction method based on full-hydraulic power head drilling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111305754B CN111305754B CN202010122047.0A CN202010122047A CN111305754B CN 111305754 B CN111305754 B CN 111305754B CN 202010122047 A CN202010122047 A CN 202010122047A CN 111305754 B CN111305754 B CN 111305754B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cast-in-place pile construction, and particularly discloses a cast-in-place pile construction method based on a full-hydraulic power head drilling machine, which comprises the following steps: selecting an air compressor and a drilling tool; the wind pressure P of the air compressor satisfies: p ═ H × γ/10+ Δ P; wherein H is the depth of the wind packet below the surface of the slurry; gamma is the specific gravity of the slurry; Δ P is the line pressure loss; the drilling tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit, and the inner diameter of the drill hole is DHole(s)Diameter of drill rod DRodWherein D isHole(s)/DRod10; for 15-60 MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit, and for 60MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit; manufacturing and installing a steel casing; installing a drilling machine in place; preparing and circulating slurry; drilling construction; and (4) manufacturing a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, detecting a pile foundation and finishing construction. The invention can effectively reduce the construction cost, increase the construction period, ensure that the formed drill hole has good verticality and effectively reduce the settlement of the pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cast-in-place pile construction, in particular to a cast-in-place pile construction method based on a full-hydraulic power head drilling machine.
Background
In the construction of various complex strata such as large-caliber, large-depth or hard rock, and the like, particularly in the drilling construction of a pile foundation or a vertical shaft under the conditions of a sand layer and a high-strength rock stratum, a spiral drilling machine, a diving drilling machine and the like adopted in the prior art cannot meet the construction requirement, cannot remove soil scraps sinking at the bottom of a hole, and cannot reduce the sinking amount of a pile; the verticality of the drilled hole in the construction process cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bored concrete pile construction method based on a full-hydraulic power head drilling machine, which can effectively save construction sites, has high drilling verticality, effectively saves construction cost and can effectively reduce the settlement of piles.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a bored concrete pile construction method based on a full-hydraulic power head drilling machine specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting an air compressor and a drilling tool;
the wind pressure P of the air compressor satisfies: p ═ H × γ/10+ Δ P;
wherein H is the depth of the wind packet below the surface of the slurry; gamma is the specific gravity of the slurry; Δ P is the line pressure loss;
the drilling tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit, and the inner diameter of the drill hole is DHole(s)Diameter of drill rod DRodWherein D isHole(s)/DRod＝10；
For 15-60 MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit, and for 60MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit;
step S2: manufacturing and installing a steel casing;
step S3: installing a drilling machine in place;
step S4: preparing and circulating slurry;
step S5: drilling construction;
step S6: and (4) manufacturing a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, detecting a pile foundation and finishing construction.
Further, in order to better implement the invention, the manufacturing of the steel casing specifically means: reinforcing hoops are additionally arranged at the top and the bottom openings of the steel tube; the edge foot of the steel casing is processed into an edge shape, and the lower end of the reinforcing hoop is processed into a streamline shape; the ovality of the steel casing is less than 29mm, the allowable diameter deviation is +/-10 mm, the allowable inclination deviation of the end face of the cylinder body is 3mm, the bending rise of the longitudinal axis is not more than 18mm, and the misalignment amount of the steel casing during butt joint is not more than 4 mm.
Further, in order to better realize the invention, the steel casing is installed so that the center deviation of the steel casing at the bottom surface of the bearing platform is less than 25mm, and the inclination is not more than 1/200; the installation of the steel casing specifically means: putting the steel casing segment into a guide frame and sinking by means of self weight, installing a vibrating pile hammer at the top end of the steel casing after the steel casing segment is deposited on a riverbed, and starting the vibrating pile hammer to drive the steel casing segment into the riverbed; and (5) hoisting the secondary steel casing, welding and lengthening, and installing a vibrating pile hammer to continuously impact the steel casing to the designed standard height.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31: marking the center of a pile position on the steel casing; the center of the rotary table, the drill rod and the drill bit are always kept on the same straight line, and the perpendicularity of formed holes is guaranteed by adding a balance weight, lifting the drill and reducing the pressure for drilling.
Step S32: the drilling machine is assembled on the platform through the floating crane in a matching mode, then a base plate sideline mark of the drilling machine is made on the platform according to the center of the pile position and the size of the base plate of the drilling machine, the drilling machine is hung in the position through the floating crane according to the positioning mark, the leveling is stable, and the deviation of the center of the pile position is not larger than 20 mm.
Step S33: fixing and limiting the drilling machine and the platform to ensure that displacement is not generated in the drilling process;
step S34: after the drill bit, the counterweight drill rod and the counterweight are spliced and connected, welding and reinforcing the corresponding flange connection part, and then hoisting the drill bit assembly into the hole for fixing;
step S35: putting the drill bit down in water, putting the drill bit at a position 50cm away from the bottom of the hole, connecting an air supply and slurry circulation pipeline, starting an air compressor, starting an air supply valve to supply air, starting a drilling machine to idle by using an air lifting method to circulate the slurry in a steel casing, and continuing for 5min to determine that no fault exists.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the preparation of the slurry in step S4 includes the following steps:
step S41: putting bentonite into the steel casing, and starting a drill bit of a drilling machine to rotate and an air compressor to supply air to carry out positive circulation stirring;
step S42: slowly putting the pre-soaked soda ash and PHP solution into a steel casing according to a proportion, and fully stirring;
step S43: after the slurry powder is fully hydrated, dispersed, fully dissolved and mixed with the sodium carbonate and the PHP solution, detecting the indexes of the slurry powder to ensure that whether the viscosity of the slurry powder meets 18-26S, whether the specific gravity of the slurry powder meets 1.05-1.15 t/m3, whether the pH value meets 8-11, whether the colloid rate is more than 96 percent, and whether the sand content in the drilling stage is less than 4 percent; if step S35 and step S43 are satisfied, drilling construction is performed.
Further, in order to better implement the present invention, the step S5 specifically includes: drilling construction and normal drilling construction in the steel casing;
the construction of drilling in the steel casing comprises the following specific steps:
A. clearing mud blocks on the inner wall of the steel casing: and (3) drilling by adopting a drill bit with a steel wire brush at the position of more than 1m of the inner bottom opening of the steel casing, and drilling by selecting a high-rotating-speed large-pump-capacity slow-advancing ruler.
B. Slurry control: monitoring the performance index of the slurry during drilling, wherein the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.03-1.20, the viscosity is more than or equal to 20S, and the sand content is less than or equal to 4%;
C. when the reverse circulation drilling of the bottom opening of the steel casing is carried out, the rotating speed is slow, the footage is reduced, and the slurry leakage of the bottom opening is ensured without disturbing the soil layer of the bottom opening of the steel casing.
The normal drilling construction specifically comprises the following contents:
the low-speed slow feeding is adopted, slurry is supplemented and replaced, and the stability of the wall protection is improved;
the water head height keeps the water level in the steel casing to be 2-3 m higher than the water level outside the steel casing.
When a drill rod is connected, stopping drilling, lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of a hole by 0.3-0.5 m, maintaining the circulation of slurry for more than 5min, removing sediment at the bottom of the hole, carrying out drilling slag in a pipeline and completely discharging, and then connecting the drill rod again;
in the drilling process, when the height difference between the drilling tool and the hole bottom is 45-55 cm, the drilling tool does not advance any more, the drilling tool stops drilling and gas stopping, and the drilling slag of the sediment tank is cleaned: and then, starting hole cleaning circulation by adopting large air flow and low rotating speed, completely purifying the slurry, and stopping the machine and lowering the drill rod to the depth of the detected hole after 2 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention can effectively reduce the construction cost, increase the construction period and ensure that the formed drill hole has good verticality.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1:
the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and the bored concrete pile construction method based on the full hydraulic power head drilling machine specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting an air compressor and a drilling tool;
the wind pressure P of the air compressor satisfies: p ═ H × γ/10+ Δ P;
wherein H is the depth of the wind packet below the surface of the slurry; gamma is the specific gravity of the slurry; Δ P is the line pressure loss;
the drilling tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit, and the inner diameter of the drill hole is DHole(s)Diameter of drill rod DRodWherein D isHole(s)/DRod＝10；
For 15-60 MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit, and for 60MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit;
step S2: manufacturing and installing a steel casing;
step S3: installing a drilling machine in place;
step S4: preparing and circulating slurry;
step S5: drilling construction;
step S6: and (4) manufacturing a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, detecting a pile foundation and finishing construction.
It should be noted that, through the above improvement, the hole forming principle of the full hydraulic power head drilling machine is that the air lift reverse circulation principle is utilized, a double-wall pipe or an air pipe installed on the side wall of the drill rod is adopted, compressed air is input into the air pipe by an air compressor, the compressed air is conveyed to an air bag through the air pipe, a gas-liquid mixture is formed at the air pipe, pressure difference is generated inside and outside the drill rod, and slurry in the drill rod carries drilling slag to rapidly return upwards under the action of the pressure difference. Meanwhile, sediment, mud blocks, rock debris and the like at the bottom of the hole are suspended under the rapid flow of the slurry and are carried out of the hole opening. After the mud and the drilling slag are discharged, the mud enters a mud purification system, the treated qualified mud circularly flows into the hole, and meanwhile, fresh mud is supplied into the hole or mud materials are added into the hole at proper time. The performance index of the slurry is kept to reach the standard, and the slurry surface in the hole is basically unchanged.
Example 2:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, and further, in order to better implement the present invention, the manufacturing of the steel casing specifically refers to: in order to avoid local buckling caused by stress concentration of the top and bottom openings of the steel casing when the steel casing is sunk, reinforcing hoops are additionally arranged on the top and bottom openings of the steel casing; in order to facilitate the construction of the steel casing, the edge foot of the steel casing is processed into an edge shape, the lower end of the reinforcing hoop is processed into a streamline shape, and the frictional resistance between the steel casing and the ground is reduced; in order to avoid the deformation of the steel protecting cylinder in the hoisting and transporting process, the steel protecting cylinder is provided with a reinforcing hoop and a section steel cross-shaped inner support which are uniformly arranged. The ovality of the steel casing is less than 29mm, the diameter allowable deviation is 10mm, the maximum allowable deviation of the inclination of the end face of the cylinder body is 3mm, the bending rise of the longitudinal axis is not more than 18mm, and the misalignment amount of the steel casing in butt joint is not more than 4 mm.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 3:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment, and further, in order to better realize the invention, in order to ensure the verticality of the steel casing in the sinking process and meet the positioning and precision requirements of the steel casing in the sinking process, the guide frame is arranged to guide the steel casing to sink.
And (3) accurately discharging the center of the steel casing by using a total station before the guide frame is installed, and installing the guide frame by using the tops of the adjacent steel pipe piles and the lower part of the steel pipe piles in parallel connection to require that the center of the steel casing is consistent with the center of the guide frame. And after the guide frame is processed, sinking the steel protection cylinder in the guide frame.
The steel casing is installed so that the center deviation of the steel casing at the bottom surface of the bearing platform is less than 25mm, and the inclination is not more than 1/200;
the installation of the steel casing specifically means: putting the steel casing segment into a guide frame and sinking by means of self weight, installing a vibrating pile hammer at the top end of the steel casing after the steel casing sinks to a river bed, and starting the vibrating pile hammer to drive the steel casing into the river bed; and hoisting the secondary steel casing, welding and lengthening, and installing a vibrating pile hammer to continuously impact the steel casing to the designed elevation.
(1) Installing a vibration hammer and sinking by vibration for the first time:
when the vibratory hammer is placed, after the hydraulic pliers are aligned, the steel casing is clamped, the hook is slowly released, the verticality is measured, point vibration is carried out, the verticality and the plane position of the steel casing are measured and observed, and after the requirements are met, vibration is applied to the top opening of the guide frame.
(2) Lengthening the upper section of steel casing and sinking the steel casing for the second time:
and after the lower section of steel casing sinks to the designed position, hanging down the vibration hammer, and hoisting the upper section of steel casing to lengthen, wherein an inner lining is arranged on the inner wall of the top opening of the lower section of steel casing for ensuring the welding strength and the verticality of the seam position of the steel casing. Installing the upper steel casing, measuring and adjusting the verticality, welding after meeting the requirements, and arranging wind shielding and rain shielding devices around the joint of the steel casing for ensuring the welding quality. The weld quality should meet design and specification requirements.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 4:
the present embodiment is further optimized based on the above embodiments, and further, in order to better implement the present invention, before the drilling machine is installed in the field, it is necessary to check whether each component is good and complete, and if it is found that the drilling machine is damaged, the drilling machine must be replaced or matched. The installation is carried out after the operation of the machine is not influenced, and the hoisting equipment on the construction site is limited due to the fact that the drilling machine is heavy after being installed. Therefore, the measurement personnel must accurately measure the pile position coordinates and determine the installation position of the drilling machine in advance, and then the assembly is carried out in sequence. The air compressor and the slurry separator can be used as a whole machine only by connecting a power supply. The drilling machine is a combined machine which needs to be assembled on site, and steel wire ropes and shackles of various types for lifting are prepared before assembly.
The step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
step S31: marking the center of a pile position on the steel casing;
step S32: after the drilling machine is assembled, the drilling machine is in place and retested, the centering of the rotation center position of the power head and the pile position center and the horizontal condition of the drilling machine are checked, and after the requirements are met, the drilling machine and the platform are limited and fixed, so that the stability of the drilling machine in the drilling process is ensured. The matched drill rod, the balance weight and the drill bit are checked and physically numbered before use, and measurement and recording results are accurately measured, tabulated and recorded for record.
And then, making a side line mark of the chassis of the drilling machine on the platform according to the center of the pile position and the size of the chassis of the drilling machine, hoisting the drilling machine into the position by using a floating crane according to the positioning mark, leveling stably, and ensuring that the deviation of the center of the pile position is not more than 20 mm.
Step S33: fixing and limiting the drilling machine and the platform to ensure that displacement is not generated in the drilling process;
step S34: after the drill bit, the counterweight drill rod and the counterweight are spliced and connected, welding and reinforcing the corresponding flange connection part, and then hoisting the drill bit assembly into the hole for fixing;
step S35: after the drill bit, the balance weight drill rod and the balance weight are spliced and connected by the construction site crane, the corresponding flange connection part is welded and reinforced, then the drill bit assembly is hung into the hole to be fixed, before the drill rod is installed, whether the drill rod is intact or not is checked, whether fracture or distortion exists or not is determined, the drill rod assembly can be used after no problem exists, a drill rod sealing ring and a gas pipe sealing ring are required to be added, and all flanges are firmly connected by screws.
Putting the drill bit down into the water, putting the drill bit at a position 50cm away from the bottom of the hole, connecting an air supply and slurry circulation pipeline, starting an air compressor, starting an air supply valve to supply air, starting slurry circulation in a steel casing by an air lift method, checking the drilling rod and the water surface in the hole, starting the air supply pipeline, the circulation pipeline, a water tap and the like to have air leakage and water leakage, observing the water head condition, starting a drilling machine to idle, and lasting for 5min to determine that no fault exists.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 5:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment, and further, in order to better realize the invention, drilling mud is made into slurry in a steel casing; the construction method has the advantages that: the occupied area of the site is small, a slurry circulating pipe does not need to be welded between the steel casing cylinders, the slurry is simple and convenient to manufacture, the slurry quality is ensured, and the method is very suitable for being used in a platform pile
The slurry preparation in the step S4 includes the following steps:
step S41: putting bentonite into the steel casing, and starting a drill bit of a drilling machine to rotate and an air compressor to supply air to carry out positive circulation stirring;
step S42: slowly putting the pre-soaked soda ash and PHP solution into a steel casing according to a proportion, and fully stirring;
step S43: after the slurry powder is fully hydrated, dispersed, fully dissolved and mixed with the sodium carbonate and the PHP solution, detecting the indexes of the slurry powder to ensure that whether the viscosity of the slurry powder meets 18-26S, whether the specific gravity of the slurry powder meets 1.05-1.15 t/m3, whether the pH value meets 8-11, whether the colloid rate is more than 96 percent, and whether the sand content in the drilling stage is less than 4 percent; if step S35 and step S43 are satisfied, drilling construction is performed.
When the drill bit drills normally, the slurry is supplemented into the hole in time according to the condition of the slurry in the hole, and the water head in the hole is guaranteed to be always higher than the external water level of the steel protective cylinder by more than 2 m.
And after the formed hole is qualified, the drilling machine shifts. Firstly, moving a drill rod of a drilling machine to a proper place, resetting parts of the drilling machine, removing a connected power supply, a mud pipe and the like, then hoisting the whole drilling machine to be arranged at a position to be drilled, and finally hoisting a drill bit and other parts in place.
Installing a slurry circulating system: firstly, filtering the drilling slag slurry from the gas lift reverse circulation, and directly separating out the drilling slag with more than 5mm particles; after the small-particle drilling slag passes through the primary separating screen, one part of the small-particle drilling slag is precipitated in the water tank, the other part of the small-particle drilling slag is separated out again through the mud separator, and the mud returns to the hole for circulation after passing through the water tank and the mud separator. Therefore, the mud can be recovered and the drilling slag can be effectively removed, the mud circulation system is widely used, and in the separation process, the mud enters the steel casing through the steel plate groove, so that the mud is prevented from leaking to pollute the environment.
Meanwhile, slag conveying equipment is equipped according to site construction conditions so as to ensure outward conveying of the drilling slag.
The drilling slag is collected by a special barge and then transported to a designated slag disposal position by an automobile for uniform stacking treatment.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
Example 6:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, and further, in order to better implement the present invention, the step S5 specifically includes: drilling construction and normal drilling construction in the steel casing; the drilling construction in the steel casing adopts a forward and reverse blowing method, and the mode can be used for tapping, slurry making and slurry mixing.
The construction of drilling in the steel casing comprises the following specific steps:
clearing mud blocks on the inner wall of the steel casing: and (3) drilling by adopting a drill bit with a steel wire brush at the position of more than 1m of the inner bottom opening of the steel casing, and drilling by selecting a high-rotation-speed large-pump-capacity slow-advancing ruler. Therefore, the inner wall mud block can be cleaned up, the construction requirement when the high-quality mud is produced by the soil layer in the steel casing to meet the mixed pebble layer of the coarse sand layer can be better met, and the requirement on pore-forming quality can be met.
Preferably, the diameter of the steel casing is 20 cm-30 cm larger than that of the drill bit. If the diameter of the steel casing does not conform to the setting, the removal of mud blocks on the wall of the steel casing cannot be guaranteed, so that the mud blocks are scraped into the hole when the drill is lifted after the hole is formed, and even the quality hidden trouble is left on the inner wall of the steel casing when the drill is left.
B. Slurry control: monitoring the performance index of the slurry during drilling, wherein the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.03-1.20, the viscosity is more than or equal to 20S, and the sand content is less than or equal to 4%;
C. when the reverse circulation drilling of the bottom opening of the steel casing is carried out, the slow rotating speed is adopted, the footage is reduced, the soil layer of the bottom opening of the steel casing is not disturbed, the slurry leakage of the bottom opening is ensured, and the stability of the steel casing is ensured.
The normal drilling construction specifically comprises the following contents:
the low-speed slow feeding is adopted, slurry is supplemented and replaced, and the stability of the wall protection is improved;
the water head height keeps the water level in the steel casing to be 2-3 m higher than the water level outside the steel casing.
When a drill rod is connected, stopping drilling, lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of a hole by 0.3-0.5 m, maintaining the circulation of slurry for more than 5min, removing sediment at the bottom of the hole, carrying out drilling slag in a pipeline and completely discharging, and then connecting the drill rod again;
in the drilling process, when the height difference between the drilling tool and the hole bottom is 45-55 cm, the drilling tool does not advance any more, the drilling tool stops drilling and gas stopping, and the drilling slag of the sediment tank is cleaned: and then, starting hole cleaning circulation by adopting large air flow and low rotating speed, completely purifying the slurry, and stopping the machine and lowering the drill rod to the depth of the detected hole after 2 hours.
And (3) paying attention to the drilling in the drilling process, if the drilling is obviously slowed down and grout return is difficult, stopping drilling, checking whether a drilling tool is damaged or stuck, and timely processing.
The change of the geological conditions is frequent, the interface boundary is irregular, the drilling speed is controlled, and inclined holes are prevented, so that the levelness and the verticality of the drilling machine must be adjusted in time to ensure the verticality of the drilled holes.
Sticking is likely to occur at the interface between clay and sand layers. In order to avoid the problem, the drill bit is lifted and cleaned for many times, and simultaneously the drill bit is slowly advanced at a low speed, and slurry is supplemented and replaced, so that the stability of the retaining wall is improved, and the occurrence of the bad conditions of hole collapse, hole shrinkage, slurry leakage and the like is avoided.
During drilling of the loose sand layer and the gravel layer, the low pressure and the low rotating speed are kept, and the wall protection quality is ensured.
When the drilling tool is lifted and lowered, the drilling tool is stable, and when the drill bit is positioned at the bottom opening of the protective cylinder, the drill bit must be prevented from hooking the steel protective cylinder.
Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the above embodiment, and thus are not described again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A bored concrete pile construction method based on a full-hydraulic power head drilling machine specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting an air compressor and a drilling tool;
the wind pressure P of the air compressor satisfies:
;
wherein H is the depth of the wind packet below the surface of the slurry;
is the specific gravity of the slurry;
is the pipeline pressure loss;
the drilling tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit, and the inner diameter of the drill hole is
The diameter of the drill rod is
Wherein
；
For 15-60 MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit, and for 60MPA rocks, adopting a welded tooth hob drill bit;
step S2: manufacturing and installing a steel casing; the manufacturing of the steel casing specifically comprises the following steps: reinforcing hoops are additionally arranged at the top and the bottom openings of the steel tube; the edge foot of the steel casing is processed into an edge shape, and the lower end of the reinforcing hoop is processed into a streamline shape; the ovality of the steel casing is less than 29mm, the allowable diameter deviation is +/-10 mm, the allowable inclination deviation of the end face of the cylinder body is 3mm, the bending rise of the longitudinal axis is not more than 18mm, and the misalignment amount of the steel casing during butt joint is not more than 4 mm; the steel casing is installed so that the center deviation of the steel casing at the bottom surface of the bearing platform is less than 25mm, and the inclination is not more than 1/200; the installation of the steel casing specifically means: putting the steel casing segment into a guide frame and sinking by means of self weight, installing a vibrating pile hammer at the top end of the steel casing after the steel casing segment is deposited on a riverbed, and starting the vibrating pile hammer to drive the steel casing segment into the riverbed; hoisting the secondary steel casing, welding and lengthening, and installing a vibrating pile hammer to continue punching the steel casing to a designed elevation;
step S3: installing a drilling machine in place; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step S31: marking the center of a pile position on the steel casing;
step S32: the drilling machine is assembled on the platform by the floating crane in a matching way, then a drilling machine chassis sideline mark is made on the platform according to the pile position center and the size of the drilling machine chassis, the drilling machine is hung in the position by the floating crane according to the positioning mark, and the leveling is stable, so that the deviation of the pile position center is not more than 20 mm;
step S33: fixing and limiting the drilling machine and the platform to ensure that displacement is not generated in the drilling process;
step S34: after the drill bit, the counterweight drill rod and the counterweight are spliced and connected, welding and reinforcing the corresponding flange connection part, and then hoisting the drill bit assembly into the hole for fixing;
step S35: putting the drill bit down into water, putting the drill bit 50cm away from the bottom of the hole, connecting an air supply and slurry circulation pipeline, starting an air compressor, starting an air supply valve to supply air, starting a gas lifting method in a steel casing to circulate the slurry, starting a drilling machine to idle for 5min, and determining no fault;
step S4: preparing and circulating slurry; the slurry preparation in the step S4 includes the following steps:
step S41: putting bentonite into the steel casing, and starting a drill bit of a drilling machine to rotate and an air compressor to supply air to carry out positive circulation stirring;
step S42: slowly putting the pre-soaked soda ash and PHP solution into a steel casing according to a proportion, and fully stirring;
step S43: after the slurry powder is fully hydrated, dispersed, fully dissolved and mixed with the sodium carbonate and the PHP solution, detecting the indexes of the slurry powder to ensure that whether the viscosity of the slurry powder meets 18-26S, whether the specific gravity of the slurry powder meets 1.05-1.15 t/m3, whether the pH value meets 8-11, whether the colloid rate is more than 96 percent, and whether the sand content in the drilling stage is less than 4 percent; performing drilling construction in the case where the steps S35 and S43 are met;
step S5: drilling construction; the method specifically comprises the following steps: drilling construction and normal drilling construction in the steel casing;
the construction of drilling in the steel casing comprises the following specific steps:
A. clearing mud blocks on the inner wall of the steel casing: drilling by adopting a drill bit with a steel wire brush at a position of more than 1m of the inner bottom opening of the steel casing, and selecting a high-rotation-speed large-pump-capacity slow-feed ruler for drilling;
B. slurry control: monitoring the performance index of the slurry during drilling, wherein the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.03-1.20, the viscosity is more than or equal to 20S, and the sand content is less than or equal to 4%;
C. when the reverse circulation drilling of the bottom opening of the steel casing is carried out, the slow rotating speed is adopted, the footage is reduced, and the soil layer of the bottom opening of the steel casing is not disturbed to ensure that the slurry does not leak from the bottom opening;
the normal drilling construction specifically comprises the following contents:
the low-speed slow feeding is adopted, slurry is supplemented and replaced, and the stability of the wall protection is improved;
the water head height keeps the water level in the steel casing higher than the water level outside the steel casing by 2-3 m;
when a drill rod is connected, stopping drilling, lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of a hole by 0.3-0.5 m, maintaining the circulation of slurry for more than 5min, removing sediment at the bottom of the hole, carrying out drilling slag in a pipeline and completely discharging, and then connecting the drill rod again;
in the drilling process, when the height difference between the drilling tool and the hole bottom is 45-55 cm, the drilling tool does not advance any more, the drilling tool stops drilling and gas stopping, and the drilling slag of the slag settling tank is cleaned: then the large air flow and low rotating speed are adopted to start hole cleaning circulation, mud is completely purified, and after 2 hours, the machine is stopped to lower the drill rod to detect the hole depth
Step S6: and (4) manufacturing a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete, detecting a pile foundation and finishing construction.
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| JPS57100217A (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-06-22 | Shimizu Constr Co Ltd | Refilling work for vacant area of concrete pile driven in site |
| US7094004B2 (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2006-08-22 | Air Pump Industries | Apparatus and method for moving and placing granulate material |
| CN101319499B (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2012-03-28 | 刘润郊 | Pile forming method and device for screwed pedestal pile with large flow concrete filled by hole drilling pump |
| CN101736755B (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-09-28 | 中交路桥华北工程有限公司 | Clean water hole pile foundation constructing method |
| CN101984191B (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-01-04 | 湖南长大建设集团股份有限公司 | High pressure jet grouting pile driving machine |
| CN102493762A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 上海港务工程公司 | Rectangular cast-in-place pile slotting combined drilling rig |
| CN102839915A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-26 | 温州长城基础工程有限公司 | Hydraulic high frequency rotary vibration construction device applicable to dry pneumatic rock drilling pile machine |
| CN104631470B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-05-18 | 合肥建工集团有限公司 | The large particle diameter sand gravel of high water level geology deep basal pit combination supporting construction method |
| CN106759297A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 广州中煤江南基础工程公司 | A kind of construction method of support pile and three pipe high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile deep basal pits |
| CN108360972A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-08-03 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | A kind of rotary drilling rig is combined with percussive drill carries out bored pile construction method |
| CN110397076B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-10-23 | 高军 | Construction method of deep-water large-diameter cast-in-place pile |
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