CN111305397B - Building outer wall waterproof structure and construction method - Google Patents
Building outer wall waterproof structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111305397B CN111305397B CN202010128801.1A CN202010128801A CN111305397B CN 111305397 B CN111305397 B CN 111305397B CN 202010128801 A CN202010128801 A CN 202010128801A CN 111305397 B CN111305397 B CN 111305397B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D125/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D125/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C09D125/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C09D125/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and provides a building outer wall waterproof structure which comprises an anti-cracking layer, a waterproof layer and a hydrophobic layer, wherein the anti-cracking layer covers the outer side of a building outer wall main body, the waterproof layer is attached to the outer side of the anti-cracking layer, and the hydrophobic layer is arranged on the outer side of the waterproof layer. The construction method of the building outer wall waterproof structure comprises the following steps: s100: after the construction of the building main body is completed, laying an anti-cracking layer on the outer side of the main body outer wall, wherein the anti-cracking layer comprises the steps of scraping and smearing first-time mortar, then adhering and sewing polyester cloth on the surface of the first-time mortar, and then scraping and smearing second-time mortar; s200: after the anti-cracking layer is finished, naturally drying for not less than 30 hours, and then coating a waterproof layer on the anti-cracking layer; s300: and after the waterproof layer is finished, the natural air drying is carried out for not less than 48 hours, and then the hydrophobic layer is sprayed outside the waterproof layer. According to the building outer wall waterproof structure and the construction method, the effectiveness and the long-acting property of the building outer wall waterproof are improved through the three-layer structure and the construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a building outer wall waterproof structure and a construction method.
Background
The outer wall water proofing is a subsection water proofing project which ensures that the structure of a building is not affected by water and the inner space is not damaged by water. The outer wall waterproofing work plays an important role in the whole construction work. The outer wall waterproof engineering relates to a plurality of outer wall structures such as basement outer walls and house outer walls of buildings, and has the functions of preventing the leakage of rainwater and domestic water and the erosion of underground water in the designed endurance life of the buildings, ensuring that the building structures and the internal spaces are not polluted and providing a comfortable and safe living environment for people.
For waterproofing, the outer wall of a building generally adopts a structure that a waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side of an outer wall main body, but the water seepage situation still exists in the outer wall of a plurality of buildings, and the reason is mainly as follows: the waterproof layer quality problem can be the waterproof layer material quality problem or the waterproof layer construction quality problem; and secondly, cracks are generated on the outer wall of the building soon after the waterproof layer is constructed, so that local waterproof failure is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a building outer wall waterproof structure which comprises an anti-cracking layer, a waterproof layer and a hydrophobic layer, wherein the anti-cracking layer covers the outer side of a building outer wall main body, the waterproof layer is attached to the outer side of the anti-cracking layer, and the hydrophobic layer is arranged on the outer side of the waterproof layer.
Optionally, the anti-cracking layer comprises a stitch-bonded polyester cloth and mortar, and the mortar is prepared from sand, water, cement and coal ash in a ratio of 20: 3: 7: 2, and the sewing polyester cloth is laid in the middle of the mortar.
Optionally, the waterproof layer is prepared from calcium chloride, acrylate emulsion, polyvinylidene chloride latex, glyoxal, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate emulsion, methyl phthalate, calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate, polyurethane, plasticizer and quartz sand in a weight ratio of 14: 10: 4: 1: 1: 3: 4: 1: 1: 15, and mixing the components in a weight ratio.
Optionally, the hydrophobic layer is prepared from styrene-acrylic emulsion, stearate, nano-silica, an auxiliary agent and water in a weight ratio of 8: 2: 1: 1: 6, mixing and manufacturing; the auxiliary agent comprises a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, an anti-settling agent, a mildew preventive and a thickening agent; the stearate is one or more of calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate and potassium stearate; the nano silicon dioxide is oleophylic gas phase silicon dioxide.
Optionally, the hydrophobic layer is divided into a plurality of layers along the height of the outer wall, and a part of the adjacent layers is overlapped from bottom to top, that is, the lower end edge part of the adjacent upper layer is overlapped outside the upper end edge of the lower layer.
The construction method of the building outer wall waterproof structure comprises the following steps:
s100: after the construction of the building main body is completed, laying an anti-cracking layer on the outer side of the main body outer wall, wherein the anti-cracking layer comprises the steps of scraping and smearing first-time mortar, then adhering and sewing polyester cloth on the surface of the first-time mortar, and then scraping and smearing second-time mortar;
s200: after the anti-cracking layer is finished, naturally drying for not less than 30 hours, and then coating a waterproof layer on the anti-cracking layer;
s300: and after the waterproof layer is finished, the natural air drying is carried out for not less than 48 hours, and then the hydrophobic layer is sprayed outside the waterproof layer.
Optionally, in step S300, the hydrophobic layer is sprayed from the bottom of the building to the top layer, and the lower end edge portion of the adjacent upper layer overlaps the outer side of the upper end edge of the lower layer.
Optionally, in the step S300, the hydrophobic layer is sprayed from the bottom to the top of the building wall by using an automatic spraying device, the automatic spraying device includes a spraying vehicle and a spraying basket, the spraying vehicle is provided with a paint bucket, a spraying pump, a control box, a winch, a boom and a pulley, the spraying basket is provided with a spray gun, and the spray gun is provided with a rotatable nozzle; the spraying car is placed on the top of a building, the pulley is installed at the top end of the hanging rod, the hanging rod is obliquely fixed on the spraying car, the top end of the hanging rod extends out of an outer wall, the winch is connected with a spraying hanging basket through the pulley by a sling, the inlets of the coating bucket and the spraying pump are connected through a pipeline, the outlet of the spraying pump is connected with a spray gun by a hose which is laid to extend out of the outer wall along the hanging rod in a hanging mode, and the control box controls the spraying car, the spraying pump, the spray gun and the.
Optionally, the spray gun is equipped with the shower nozzle of connecting with female, establish the shutoff of the elasticity roof pressure with the second spring in female, female end head peripheral hardware sliding sleeve is equipped with first spring between female and the sliding sleeve, and female is equipped with the steel ball in the sliding sleeve, the one end of shower nozzle is equipped with the apex cone head, and the other end of shower nozzle sets up the nozzle, the nozzle cross-section is the rectangle by ring shape gradual change, and the shower nozzle is equipped with draw-in groove and seal groove at apex cone head end lateral surface, and the apex cone head end of shower nozzle inserts female first inner chamber and goes into the draw-in groove with the steel ball card and connect, set up the.
Optionally, the control box includes an anti-false-spraying circuit, and the anti-false-spraying circuit includes a processing chip PS, a first relay KM1, a second relay KM2, a third relay KM3, a fourth relay KM4, a photocoupler HM, a first diode V1, a second diode V2, a third diode V3, a fourth diode V4, a fifth diode V5, a sixth diode V6, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3; wherein
A P0 pin of the processing chip PS is connected with one end of a second resistor R2 and a 4 th pin of a photoelectric coupler HM, a P1 pin of the processing chip PS is connected with a 1 st pin of a second relay KM2 and the anode of a second diode V2 as well as a 1 st pin of a third relay KM3 and the anode of a third diode V3, a P2 pin of the processing chip PS is connected with a 2 nd pin of a fourth relay KM4 and the anode of a fourth diode V4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is a power supply +3.3V input, a 3 rd pin of the photoelectric coupler HM is connected with one end of a first switch K1, the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with a 1 st pin of a first relay KM1 and the anode of a first diode V1, a 2 nd pin of the photoelectric coupler HM is connected with one end of a second switch K2, the other end of the second switch K2 is connected with a first switch K6 and a power supply 0V input, a first pin 1 of the photoelectric coupler HM 73742 is connected with a first terminal R1 of the first relay KM1, and the other end of the first relay KM1 is connected, The cathode of a first diode V1 and a power supply +27V input, the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a first relay KM1 and the 4 th pin of a second relay KM2 are connected to the power supply +27V input, the 3 rd pin and the 6 th pin of a first relay KM1 are connected to the 7 th pin of a second relay KM2, the 5 th pin and the 8 th pin of a first relay KM1 are connected to the 2 nd pin and the 5 th pin of a second relay KM2 and the 5 th pin and the 8 th pin of a third relay KM3, the 2 nd pin of a second relay KM2 is connected to the cathode of a second diode V2, the 2 nd pin of a third relay KM3 is connected to the cathode of a third diode V3 and the power supply +27V input, the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a third relay KM3 are connected to the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a fourth relay KM4, the 1 st pin of a fourth relay KM4 is connected to the cathode of a fourth diode V4 and the cathode of a power supply and the positive pole KM 3527V input, the positive pole of a fourth relay KM 3642, the fourth relay KM 4V 7373, the positive pole KM 36, the cathode of the fifth diode V5 is connected with the open position and the open signal output of the third switch K3, the cathode of the sixth diode V6 is connected with the close position and the close signal output of the third switch K3, the common end of the third switch K3 is connected with the 6 th pin of the second relay KM2, and the open signal output and the close signal output control spraying operation.
Optionally, the control box controls the traveling of the spraying vehicle and the action of the winch according to a preset operation result;
the preset operation comprises the following specific steps:
wherein v is the advancing speed of the spraying vehicle, m is the total mass of the spraying hanging basket,
the included angle between a sling and the horizontal direction is theta, the included angle between the sling and the vertical direction is theta, g is gravity acceleration, F is the pulling force of a winch on the sling, and t is the time length from the start of the spraying vehicle to the start of uniform speed running;
wherein T is the advancing period of the spraying vehicle, v is the advancing speed of the spraying vehicle, and d is the length of the spraying vehicle advancing for one circle on the top of the building;
and starting the winch to lift the spraying hanging basket by a set height every time the spraying vehicle travels for one circle.
The building outer wall waterproof structure and the construction method provided by the invention have the advantages that the anti-cracking layer is arranged firstly to prevent the outer wall from generating cracks, the waterproof layer is arranged outside the anti-cracking layer to prevent the waterproof layer from losing efficacy due to the influence of the cracks of the outer wall, in addition, the hydrophobic layer is also arranged outside the waterproof layer to ensure that water falling on the outer surface of the building outer wall can rapidly flow away through the hydrophobic layer, the time for the water to contact and infiltrate the building outer wall is shortened, and the permeability of the water to the building outer wall is reduced. Through the three-layer structure and construction, the effectiveness and the long-term effect of the water resistance of the building outer wall are improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a waterproof structure for an exterior wall of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a waterproof structure for an exterior wall of a building;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for constructing a waterproof structure for an exterior wall of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydrophobic layer spraying construction using an automatic spraying device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the spray nozzle and the spray gun;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the nozzle port of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an anti-mistaking circuit of the automatic spraying device.
In the figure: 1-outer wall body, 2-anti-cracking layer, 3-waterproof layer, 4-hydrophobic layer, 5-building top floor, 6-spraying vehicle, 7-spraying basket, 8-control box, 9-coating barrel, 10-spraying pump, 11-winch, 12-suspender, 13-pulley, 14-spray gun, 15-sling, 16-pipeline, 17-hose, 18-spray head, 19-spray nozzle, 20-clamping groove, 21-sealing groove, 22-tip cone head, 23-female head, 24-sliding sleeve, 25-sealing plug, 26-first spring, 27-sealing ring, 28-steel ball and 29-second spring.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, an alternative embodiment of the building exterior wall waterproof structure of the present invention includes an anti-crack layer 2, a waterproof layer 3, and a hydrophobic layer 4, where the anti-crack layer 2 covers an outer side of a building exterior wall main body 1, the waterproof layer 3 is attached to the outer side of the anti-crack layer 2, and the hydrophobic layer 4 is on the outer side of the waterproof layer 3.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the anti-cracking layer is arranged to prevent the outer wall from cracking, the waterproof layer is arranged outside the anti-cracking layer to prevent the waterproof layer from being affected by the crack of the outer wall and losing effectiveness, in addition, the hydrophobic layer is arranged outside the waterproof layer to enable water falling on the outer surface of the outer wall of the building to flow away quickly, the time for the outer wall of the building to be in contact and soaked by the water is shortened, and the permeability of the water to the outer wall of the building is reduced.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: through the three-layer structure and construction, the effectiveness and the long-term effect of the water resistance of the building outer wall are improved.
In one embodiment, the crack resistant layer comprises a woven polyester cloth and a mortar of sand, water, cement and coal ash in a ratio of 20: 3: 7: 2, the sewing polyester cloth is laid in the middle of the mortar;
the waterproof layer is prepared from calcium chloride, acrylate emulsion, polyvinylidene chloride latex, glyoxal, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate emulsion, methyl phthalate, calcium alkyl benzene sulfonate, polyurethane, plasticizer and quartz sand in a weight ratio of 14: 10: 4: 1: 1: 3: 4: 1: 1: 15, mixing and manufacturing;
the hydrophobic layer is prepared from styrene-acrylic emulsion, stearate, nano silicon dioxide, an auxiliary agent and water in a weight ratio of 8: 2: 1: 1: 6, mixing and manufacturing; the auxiliary agent comprises a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, an anti-settling agent, a mildew preventive and a thickening agent; for example, bentonite, alkaline mildewcide, polyether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and ammonium polyhydroxy acid salt can be used as the auxiliary agent, and the weight ratio of the bentonite to the alkaline mildewcide is 14: 3: 3: 3: 2, the stearate is one or more of calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate and potassium stearate; the nano silicon dioxide is oleophylic gas phase silicon dioxide.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the anti-cracking layer, the waterproof layer and the hydrophobic layer are all made of easily available materials, and efficient anti-cracking, waterproof and hydrophobic mixtures are respectively prepared according to the proportion of selected materials and specific components and are used for the building outer wall to enhance the effectiveness of the building outer wall waterproof structure.
As shown in fig. 2, in an alternative embodiment of the waterproof structure for the exterior wall of the building of the present invention, the hydrophobic layer 4 is divided into a plurality of layers along the height of the exterior wall, and there is a partial overlap between adjacent layers from bottom to top, that is, the lower end edge of the adjacent layer above is partially overlapped outside the upper end edge of the layer below.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: under the action of gravity, water has a tendency of flowing from high to low, and when the hydrophobic layer arranged on the outmost layer of the building outer wall is arranged in a layered mode, the lower end edge part of the adjacent upper layer is overlapped on the outer side of the upper end edge of the lower layer, so that the adjacent layer can not seep water along the connecting seam.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the outermost layer of the hydrophobic layer building outer wall adopts a layered arrangement mode, so that the building appearance has layering sense, and the appearance attractiveness is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the flow of the construction method of the waterproof structure for the exterior wall of the building of the present invention according to the alternative embodiment includes the following steps:
s100: after the construction of the building main body is completed, laying an anti-cracking layer on the outer side of the main body outer wall, wherein the anti-cracking layer comprises the steps of scraping and smearing first-time mortar, then adhering and sewing polyester cloth on the surface of the first-time mortar, and then scraping and smearing second-time mortar;
s200: after the anti-cracking layer is finished, naturally drying for not less than 30 hours, and then coating a waterproof layer on the anti-cracking layer;
s300: and after the waterproof layer is finished, the natural air drying is carried out for not less than 48 hours, and then the hydrophobic layer is sprayed outside the waterproof layer.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the anti-cracking layer adopts the mortar for two times, and the middle part is adhered with the polyester cloth for sewing, so that the anti-cracking effect is improved; guarantee the interval of certain time and air-dry in the middle of the different layers of construction, let the preceding one deck have certain solidification strength after, carry out the construction of back one deck again, prevent to adhere to insecure and each layer infiltration muddy.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the method can ensure the hierarchical structure of each layer and avoid mutual influence, thereby ensuring that the function of each layer is completely embodied.
In an alternative embodiment, in step S300, the hydrophobic layer 4 is sprayed layer by layer from the bottom of the building to the top by using an automatic spraying device, so that the lower end edge portion of the adjacent upper layer is overlapped outside the upper end edge of the next layer; as shown in fig. 4, the automatic spraying device comprises a spraying vehicle 6 and a spraying basket 7, wherein a coating bucket 9, a spraying pump 10, a control box 8, a winch 11, a suspender 12 and a pulley 13 are arranged on the spraying vehicle 6, a spray gun 14 is arranged on the spraying basket 7, and the spray gun 14 is provided with a rotatable nozzle; the coating vehicle 6 is placed on the top floor 5 of the building, the pulley 13 is installed at the top end of the boom 14, the boom 14 is obliquely fixed on the coating vehicle 6, the top end of the boom 14 extends out of the outer wall, the winch 11 is connected with the coating basket 7 through the pulley 13 by the sling 15, the coating bucket 9 is connected with the inlet of the coating pump 10 through the pipeline 16, the outlet of the coating pump 10 is connected with the spray gun 14 by the hose 17 which is laid along the boom 12 and then sags after extending out of the outer wall, and the control box 8 controls the coating vehicle 6, the coating pump 10, the spray gun 14 and the winch 11.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: starting a winch to vertically place the spraying hanging basket to the bottom of the building, starting a spraying pump and a spraying gun for spraying, enabling a spraying vehicle to walk on a top floor of the building along the outer wall of the building, and controlling the distance between the spraying vehicle and the outer wall of the building through a control box connected with an infrared distance meter so that the distance is coordinated with the length of the hanging rod, wherein the length of the hanging rod can also be adjusted; controlling the traveling speed of the spraying vehicle and the spraying speed of the spray gun; after the spraying vehicle walks for a circle on the top floor of the building along the outer wall of the building, the winch is started to lift the spraying hanging basket by one layer, the overlong hose and the spray gun control line can be coiled on the spraying hanging basket, and the actions are repeated until the outer wall of the building is completely sprayed.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: by adopting the automatic spraying device, the labor can be reduced, the working environment and the strength of constructors can be improved, and the influence of constructor factors on the construction quality can be prevented; the construction efficiency is improved, the spraying uniformity is ensured, and the construction spraying quality is improved.
In one embodiment, the spray gun 14 is provided with a spray head 18 connected with a female head 23, a sealing plug 25 pressed by the elastic force of a second spring 29 is arranged in the female head 23, a sliding sleeve 24 is arranged outside the end of the female head 23, a first spring 26 is arranged between the female head 23 and the sliding sleeve 24, a steel ball 28 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 24 of the female head 23, a top cone head 22 is arranged at one end of the spray head 18, a nozzle 19 is arranged at the other end of the spray head 18, the section of the nozzle 19 is changed from a circular shape to a rectangle gradually, a clamping groove 20 and a sealing groove 21 are arranged on the outer side face of the top cone head 22 end of the spray head 18, the top cone head 22 end of the spray head 18 is inserted into the inner cavity of the female head.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: during connection, the sliding sleeve slides towards the direction of the spray gun and is kept, the first spring is compressed, the steel ball originally pressed by the sliding sleeve is exposed, the end of the tip cone of the spray head is inserted into the cavity of the female head until the steel ball is clamped into the clamping groove, the sliding sleeve is loosened, the sliding sleeve recovers the original position under the elastic action of the first spring to press the steel ball to be clamped, at the moment, the tip cone of the spray head pushes the sealing plug in the cavity of the female head open, and the second spring is compressed; when the spray gun is disassembled, the sliding sleeve is slid and kept towards the direction of the spray gun, the steel ball pressed by the sliding sleeve is exposed originally, the spray head can be pulled out from the inner cavity of the female head, and at the moment, the second spring compresses the top of the sealing plug to form self-sealing. A plurality of spray heads may be provided in a vertical row or rows.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the spray gun and the spray head are connected in a mode of being free of tool disassembly and assembly, when the spray head is blocked or partially blocked in use, the spray head can be replaced conveniently, the situation of local leakage spraying is prevented, and a self-sealing structure is arranged in a female head for connection, so that when the spray head is disassembled and replaced, paint cannot flow out and is wasted and polluted. In addition, the section of the nozzle is gradually changed from a circular ring shape to a narrow and long rectangle, so that the speed of the sprayed coating can be increased.
In one embodiment, the control box includes an anti-false-spraying circuit, as shown in fig. 7, the anti-false-spraying circuit includes a processing chip PS, a first relay KM1, a second relay KM2, a third relay KM3, a fourth relay KM4, a photoelectric coupler HM, a first diode V1, a second diode V2, a third diode V3, a fourth diode V4, a fifth diode V5, a sixth diode V6, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and a third switch K3; wherein
A P0 pin of the processing chip PS is connected with one end of a second resistor R2 and a 4 th pin of a photoelectric coupler HM, a P1 pin of the processing chip PS is connected with a 1 st pin of a second relay KM2 and the anode of a second diode V2 as well as a 1 st pin of a third relay KM3 and the anode of a third diode V3, a P2 pin of the processing chip PS is connected with a 2 nd pin of a fourth relay KM4 and the anode of a fourth diode V4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is a power supply +3.3V input, a 3 rd pin of the photoelectric coupler HM is connected with one end of a first switch K1, the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with a 1 st pin of a first relay KM1 and the anode of a first diode V1, a 2 nd pin of the photoelectric coupler HM is connected with one end of a second switch K2, the other end of the second switch K2 is connected with a first switch K6 and a power supply 0V input, a first pin 1 of the photoelectric coupler HM 73742 is connected with a first terminal R1 of the first relay KM1, and the other end of the first relay KM1 is connected, The cathode of a first diode V1 and a power supply +27V input, the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a first relay KM1 and the 4 th pin of a second relay KM2 are connected to the power supply +27V input, the 3 rd pin and the 6 th pin of a first relay KM1 are connected to the 7 th pin of a second relay KM2, the 5 th pin and the 8 th pin of a first relay KM1 are connected to the 2 nd pin and the 5 th pin of a second relay KM2 and the 5 th pin and the 8 th pin of a third relay KM3, the 2 nd pin of a second relay KM2 is connected to the cathode of a second diode V2, the 2 nd pin of a third relay KM3 is connected to the cathode of a third diode V3 and the power supply +27V input, the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a third relay KM3 are connected to the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a fourth relay KM4, the 1 st pin of a fourth relay KM4 is connected to the cathode of a fourth diode V4 and the cathode of a power supply and the positive pole KM 3527V input, the positive pole of a fourth relay KM 3642, the fourth relay KM 4V 7373, the positive pole KM 36, the cathode of the fifth diode V5 is connected with the open position and the open signal output of the third switch K3, the cathode of the sixth diode V6 is connected with the close position and the close signal output of the third switch K3, the common end of the third switch K3 is connected with the 6 th pin of the second relay KM2, and the open signal output and the close signal output control spraying operation.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: when the first switch K1 is turned off, the circuit works in a manual mode, the first relay KM1 is connected with a normally closed contact, the second relay KM2 is connected with the normally closed contact, and the +27V input of the power supply is connected with the common end of the third switch K3; the constructor realizes the on-signal transmission or off-signal output by operating the third switch K3 to control the spraying operation, and if the second switch K2 is operated by mistake, the on-state of the first relay KM1 and the second relay KM2 can not be changed, so that the mistaken spraying is prevented; when the first switch K1 is closed, the circuit works in an automatic mode, the first relay KM1 is connected with a normally open contact, when the second switch K2 is closed, the second switch K2 outputs a low effective signal to the photoelectric coupler HM, the photoelectric coupler HM outputs a low effective signal to the processing chip PS, the processing chip PS outputs a low effective control signal to the second relay KM2 and the third relay KM3, the second relay KM2 and the third relay KM3 are connected with the normally open contact, and the +27V input of the power supply is connected with the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of the fourth relay KM 4; the processing chip PS automatically controls the fourth relay KM4 to switch on the normally closed contact or the normally open contact according to the system logic, so as to realize the opening signal transmission or closing signal output to control the spraying operation.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: can realize chain automatic spraying operation, can prevent to take place the mistake and spout, avoid extravagant and guarantee safety.
In one embodiment, the control box controls the travelling of the spraying vehicle and the action of a winch according to a preset operation result;
the preset operation comprises the following specific steps:
wherein v is the traveling speed of the spraying vehicleAnd m is the total mass of the spraying hanging basket,
the included angle between a sling and the horizontal direction is theta, the included angle between the sling and the vertical direction is theta, g is gravity acceleration, F is the pulling force of a winch on the sling, and t is the time length from the start of the spraying vehicle to the start of uniform speed running;
wherein T is the advancing period of the spraying vehicle, v is the advancing speed of the spraying vehicle, and d is the length of the spraying vehicle advancing for one circle on the top of the building;
and starting the winch to lift the spraying hanging basket by a set height every time the spraying vehicle travels for one circle.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: according to the algorithm, the height of the spraying hanging basket is controlled according to the obtained travelling period of the spraying vehicle, and through the coordination action, the spraying density is ensured, so that the condition of missing spraying is prevented. In addition, the algorithm can be used for guiding the selection of the sling, and the operation safety is ensured.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A construction method of a waterproof structure of an outer wall of a building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: after the construction of the building main body is completed, laying an anti-cracking layer on the outer side of the main body outer wall, wherein the anti-cracking layer comprises the steps of scraping and smearing first-time mortar, then adhering and sewing polyester cloth on the surface of the first-time mortar, and then scraping and smearing second-time mortar;
s200: after the anti-cracking layer is finished, naturally drying for not less than 30 hours, and then coating a waterproof layer on the anti-cracking layer;
s300: after the waterproof layer is finished, the natural air drying is carried out for not less than 48 hours, and then a hydrophobic layer is sprayed outside the waterproof layer;
in the step S300, spraying the hydrophobic layer from the bottom to the top of the building wall by using an automatic spraying device, wherein the automatic spraying device comprises a spraying vehicle and a spraying hanging basket, the spraying vehicle is provided with a coating bucket, a spraying pump, a control box, a winch, a hanging rod and a pulley, the spraying hanging basket is provided with a spraying gun, and the spraying gun is provided with a rotatable nozzle; the spraying vehicle is placed on the top of a building, the pulley is installed at the top end of the boom, the boom is obliquely fixed on the spraying vehicle, the top end of the boom extends out of an outer wall, the winch is connected with the spraying hanging basket through the pulley by a sling, the coating barrel is connected with the inlet of the spraying pump by a pipeline, the outlet of the spraying pump is connected with the spray gun by a hose which is laid out along the boom and then sags after extending out of the outer wall, and the control box controls the spraying vehicle, the spraying pump, the spray gun and the winch;
the control box comprises an anti-false-spraying circuit, wherein the anti-false-spraying circuit comprises a processing chip PS, a first relay KM1, a second relay KM2, a third relay KM3, a fourth relay KM4, a photoelectric coupler HM, a first diode V1, a second diode V2, a third diode V3, a fourth diode V4, a fifth diode V5, a sixth diode V6, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3; wherein the pin P0 of the processing chip PS is connected with one end of a second resistor R2 and the 4 th pin of a photoelectric coupler HM, the pin P1 of the processing chip PS is connected with the 1 st pin of a second relay KM2 and the anode of a second diode V2 as well as the 1 st pin of a third relay KM3 and the anode of a third diode V3, the pin P2 of the processing chip PS is connected with the 2 nd pin of a fourth relay KM4 and the anode of a fourth diode V4, the other end of the second resistor R2 is a power supply +3.3V input, the 3 rd pin of the photoelectric coupler HM is connected with one end of a first switch K1, the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with the 1 st pin of a first relay KM1 and the anode of a first diode V1, the 2 nd pin of the photoelectric coupler HM is connected with one end of a second switch K2, the other end of the second switch K686K 8 is connected with the first switch K6 and the power supply V input, the first pin 1 of the photoelectric coupler HM 73742 is connected with the other end of the first resistor KM1, and the other end of the first relay KM1 is connected with the other, The cathode of a first diode V1 and a power supply +27V input, the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a first relay KM1 and the 4 th pin of a second relay KM2 are connected to the power supply +27V input, the 3 rd pin and the 6 th pin of a first relay KM1 are connected to the 7 th pin of a second relay KM2, the 5 th pin and the 8 th pin of a first relay KM1 are connected to the 2 nd pin and the 5 th pin of a second relay KM2 and the 5 th pin and the 8 th pin of a third relay KM3, the 2 nd pin of a second relay KM2 is connected to the cathode of a second diode V2, the 2 nd pin of a third relay KM3 is connected to the cathode of a third diode V3 and the power supply +27V input, the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a third relay KM3 are connected to the 4 th pin and the 7 th pin of a fourth relay KM4, the 1 st pin of a fourth relay KM4 is connected to the cathode of a fourth diode V4 and the cathode of a power supply, the positive pole of a fourth relay KM 3527V 7375, the anode KM 3642, the fourth relay KM 3642, the cathode of the fifth diode V5 is connected with the open position and the open signal output of the third switch K3, the cathode of the sixth diode V6 is connected with the close position and the close signal output of the third switch K3, the common end of the third switch K3 is connected with the 6 th pin of the second relay KM2, and the open signal output and the close signal output control spraying operation.
2. The construction method of the building outer wall waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein the spray gun is provided with a spray head connected by a female head, a sealing plug pressed by the elastic force of a second spring is arranged in the female head, a sliding sleeve is arranged outside the end of the female head, a first spring is arranged between the female head and the sliding sleeve, a steel ball is arranged in the sliding sleeve by the female head, a tip cone head is arranged at one end of the spray head, a spray nozzle is arranged at the other end of the spray head, the section of the spray nozzle is changed from a circular shape to a rectangle gradually, a clamping groove and a sealing groove are formed in the outer side face of the tip cone head end of the spray head, the tip cone end of the spray head is inserted into the inner.
3. The construction method of the waterproof structure of the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 2, wherein the control box controls the traveling of the painting vehicle and the operation of the hoist according to a preset operation result;
the preset operation comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, calculating the travelling speed of the spraying vehicle;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to determine the traveling speed of the painting vehicle,
in order to coat the total mass of the basket,
is an included angle between the sling and the horizontal direction,
is an included angle between the sling and the vertical direction,
in order to be the acceleration of the gravity,
is the pulling force of the hoist on the sling,
the time length from the start of the spraying vehicle to the start of uniform speed running is defined;
step 2, calculating the traveling period of the spraying vehicle;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the traveling period of the spraying vehicle,
the length of the spraying vehicle running for one circle on the top of the building;
and starting the winch to lift the spraying hanging basket by a set height every time the spraying vehicle travels for one circle.
4. The construction method of the waterproof structure of the external wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crack-resistant layer comprises a polyester cloth and mortar by sewing, and the mortar is sand, water, cement and coal ash in a ratio of 20: 3: 7: 2, and the sewing polyester cloth is laid in the middle of the mortar.
5. The method for constructing a waterproof structure for an exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer is prepared from calcium chloride, acrylate emulsion, polyvinylidene chloride latex, glyoxal, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate emulsion, methyl phthalate, calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate, polyurethane, plasticizer and quartz sand in a ratio of 14: 10: 4: 1: 1: 3: 4: 1: 1: 15, and mixing the components in a weight ratio.
6. The construction method of the waterproof structure of the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic layer is formed by mixing styrene-acrylic emulsion, stearate, nano-silica, auxiliary agent and water in a ratio of 8: 2: 1: 1: 6, mixing and manufacturing; the auxiliary agent comprises a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent, an anti-settling agent, a mildew preventive and a thickening agent; the stearate is one or more of calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate and potassium stearate; the nano silicon dioxide is oleophylic gas phase silicon dioxide.
7. The construction method of the waterproof structure of the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic layer is divided into a plurality of layers along the height of the outer wall, and the adjacent layers are partially overlapped from bottom to top, that is, the lower end edge of the adjacent layer is partially overlapped outside the upper end edge of the next layer.
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