CN111304590A - Vanadium nano electrothermal material - Google Patents
Vanadium nano electrothermal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111304590A CN111304590A CN201911426471.8A CN201911426471A CN111304590A CN 111304590 A CN111304590 A CN 111304590A CN 201911426471 A CN201911426471 A CN 201911426471A CN 111304590 A CN111304590 A CN 111304590A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
- C23C14/185—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates by cathodic sputtering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
- C22C27/025—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum alloys based on vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The vanadium nano electrothermal material belongs to the technical field of ' new materials ' large-class branch ' nano materials ', in particular to a vanadium nano electrothermal material body formed by main vanadium '. The nano material is formed by coating the materials of quartz glass, ceramics and the like with specially treated surfaces by sputtering and embedding the materials of vanadium, nickel, tungsten and chromium according to the mass percentage of 40-80 percent, 10-30 percent, 5-16 percent and 0-15 percent on base materials with different shapes of pipes, plates, sheets, strips, circles and the like which are made of the materials with different sizes. The film thickness is 5-2 ten thousand nanometers, and the film has the properties of high electrothermal conversion rate, extremely fast temperature rise, higher heating surface temperature, long durability, scratch resistance, no drop, no attenuation of power and low magnetic radiation, and can be supplied by alternating current and direct current of 10-220V. The invention can be made into various heating assemblies and designed into various novel electrical appliances and equipment, has the characteristics of instant heating, high cost performance, energy saving, environmental protection and the like, and is simple to use and wide in application. The vanadium nano electric heating material fills the gap of the world in the field of electric heating application, and has extremely high use value and wide application prospect.
Description
One, the technical field
1. Belongs to the category of new materials, and takes nano materials as a branch, and concretely belongs to a vanadium nano electrothermal material body mainly formed by pure vanadium and a plurality of small amounts of noble metals;
2. the multi-element metal electric heating body film is prepared by preparing nano materials and sputtering and embedding related targets on the surfaces of base materials such as quartz tubes, heat-resistant glass and the like, the thickness of the multi-element metal electric heating body film is required to be 5-2 ten thousand nanometers according to different use working conditions, and the diameter of the common human hair is 1/14-2/7;
3. the vanadium nano electrothermal material has the following properties and characteristics:
① the electrothermal conversion rate is up to 96% or more;
②, the temperature rise speed is very fast, and the temperature can reach 600-1000 ℃ in 1-10 seconds according to different requirements of use working conditions;
③, good durability, the electric energy converted into high temperature heat after electrifying has a continuous service life of 1 ten thousand hours and above under rated temperature, or the on-off times of the switch is more than 5 thousand times;
④ when the vanadium nano electric heating material works, the heating surface temperature contacting with air can reach 480 ℃ and is not easy to oxidize, 0.05-0.15mm of inorganic high temperature resistant coating is sprayed on the surface of the electric heating material and the surface of the electrified accessory, the heating temperature can be increased according to the spraying condition, and the power is not attenuated;
⑤ the magnetic radiation is very low, because of adopting the surface electric heating, the magnetic flux is low, the core assembly is made of the surface electric heating, and various new functional electric appliances and equipment are made without causing any magnetic pollution to the surrounding environment;
⑥ the safety of the product manufactured by adopting a special structure and a protection device is high;
⑦, the used precious metals are made in China, the reserve and the production capacity are guaranteed, the single-piece material consumption is very little, and the cost performance is high;
⑧ the property of the vanadium nanometer electric heating material determines to make various heating assemblies, and develop various functional new electric appliances and equipments with the characteristics of instant heating, energy saving, higher heating surface temperature, environmental protection, etc, compared with the traditional heating body, electric appliance and equipment, the vanadium nanometer electric heating material can save energy by more than 50%, has wide application range, can be used in civil, commercial, industrial and other fields, has higher economic and social benefits, and can form a new industry group and a rising industry when being produced and applied in large scale;
⑨ the technology fills the gap of the application field of the multi-element metal electric heating composite film in the nanometer material under the working condition of strong voltage and large current in the world.
Secondly, background art:
1. nanotechnology is a scientific technology for manufacturing substances by using single atoms and molecules, and is a new subject for specially researching materials and applications of structures in a mesoscopic size range, so that a new high-tech industry with billions of dollars is generated. The technology is a scientific technology based on a plurality of modern advanced scientific technologies, which is a new subject combining modern science (chaotic physics, quantum mechanics, mesoscopic physics and the like) and modern technology (computer technology, microelectronic technology, electron microscope technology, analysis technology and the like), thereby generating a series of scientific technologies: nano physics, nano chemistry, nano processing technology, nano metrology disciplines, and the like; and three research fields of new nanometer material, nanometer device and nanometer size detection and characterization are generated (the front is theory, and the rear is aim).
The preparation of nanomaterials (including laboratory studies, pilot plant and production scale facilities) and application studies are the basis for the overall nanomaterials.
The nano-materials are classified into non-metals (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.), organic materials (e.g., OLED organic light emitting films), non-metals or metal oxides (e.g., silicon dioxide films for automobile rear window frosting, titanium dioxide films for solar cells, etc.), and metals (e.g., vanadium nano-electrothermal material films).
2. Nano material label and status:
① the property is completely different from the macro element property or has a great change in property in the mesoscopic size domain, for example, silver with good conductivity has insulation property in a certain nanometer thickness, the magnetic flux of 20 nanometers is up to thousand times higher than the original magnetic flux, the carbon nanotube can absorb electromagnetic wave, if graphene can superpose a plurality of monolayers into a 0.2 millimeter thick film, the strength and toughness are improved by dozens of times than steel, and the weight is only one tenth of the latter, many of the above are still in laboratory research, the large-scale production has a breakthrough of the process technology and production equipment, the nanometer film is the focus and key point of the current research, especially the thickness of the multi-element composite film can reach micron, the thickness of the OLED nanometer film reaches 0.01-0.5 millimeter, and the application prospect is wide.
② at present, many so-called "nanomaterials" in society have the same properties as the elemental macroscopic materials, only the size changes, and thus the scientific community does not refer to them as nanomaterials;
③ developed countries represented by the United states have been successfully researched by carbon nanotubes and have been applied to the military field, and the titanium dioxide film is widely applied to solar power generation panels and high-strength carbon fiber materials;
④ vanadium nano electrothermal material has been industrialized, its core technology and process are becoming perfect, and it has been applied to household, commercial and industrial fields, the developed functional electric equipment is going to be commented by users, the sales is increasing year by year, and new product prototypes required to be manufactured by various users are being verified.
3. Selecting a base material:
① since the vanadium-based multi-element metal nano material is an even electrothermal film with extremely thin thickness and almost zero thermal expansion coefficient, it needs to choose the specially treated substrate with the same or similar expansion coefficient to support, so as to ensure that the film and the chosen substrate will not expand when the electric energy generates high temperature heat through the whole film, so that the embedding fastness is changed, the film is not allowed to separate and fall off for long-term operation, and no trace is left after being cut by sharp;
② in order to increase the electrothermal conversion rate, the tubular base material for heating liquid should have almost zero heat blocking rate, and the plate type base material selected by directly heating air can not have the requirement according to the base material property;
③ according to the requirements of different uses for working conditions, quartz glass, heat-resistant glass, ceramics, stainless steel, titanium alloy steel, carbon fiber and other materials can be made into base materials with different sizes such as pipes, plates, strips, sheets or circles and other shapes according to the design requirements.
4. Selecting and preparing a nano electrothermal material, and detecting a test instrument:
① in order to meet the requirements of various electric heating purposes on the working conditions and the cost of higher cost performance, the selected metal has the characteristics of high strength, high temperature resistance, difficult oxidation, strong corrosion resistance, electric conductivity, good heat conductivity and the like, and 3-4 metals mainly containing vanadium are selected to be made into pure target blocks or target rods for preparing raw materials of the nano electric heating material through thousands of times of manufacture and tests by an orthogonal test method after a plurality of metal elements are deeply researched and selected;
② nanometer material preparation should be able to realize in large-scale industrial production with lower production cost produce the product meet the design requirement, the qualified rate of products is 95% and above, the apparatus can run automatically, does not produce pollution such as waste gas, waste water, magnetic leakage to the environment, for this reason, adopted radio frequency technology or other electric bombing technology, computer control technology, process software programming technology, vacuum purification technology, forced refrigeration technology, high-pressure transmission and transformation control technology, etc. and mechanical part, structural element, frock, station apparatus, etc. design technology;
③ the testing and testing instruments include high power microscope, fluxgraph, non-contact temperature instrument, film thickness instrument, various electrical instruments and meters, adjustable transformer, AC/DC inverter, oven, simulated environment test cabinet, air purifying room, and aging, durability and testing bench.
5. The electrothermal conversion mechanism of the vanadium nano electrothermal material is as follows:
① test conditions comprises coating conductive silver adhesive on two ends of a quartz tube sputtered with vanadium nanomaterial, oven drying, installing conductive copper hoop device, connecting 200v AC to positive and negative electrodes at room temperature, rapidly heating the nanometer electrothermal film to 1000 deg.C to generate heat after electrification, connecting tap water to the lower end of the tube core, discharging boiling water (100 deg.C) from the upper end of the tube core within 1 second, measuring the temperature of the middle section of the surface of the nanometer film at 470 deg.C and the temperature of the two ends at 350 deg.C with a non-contact thermometer, modulating AC into 220v (forward) full-wave sinusoidal DC with a full-bridge silicon rectifier stack (the DC can be modulated into real DC if a voltage stabilizer with a capacitor and a voltage stabilizing diode is added), measuring the temperature of the middle section of the surface of the film at 170 deg.C and the temperature of the two ends at 100 deg.C with the thermometer, and measuring the water temperature of the upper end of the discharged boiling;
② at the same room temperature (20 deg.C), the tap water temperature of the vanadium heating tube with the same power is about 20 deg.C, the amount of the direct current heating is more than 5% more than that of the alternating current heating when the tap water is heated by the alternating current and the direct current respectively at 100 deg.C, the electrothermal conversion rate is calculated by an electrothermal conversion formula to be 96% -98% (the upper limit is the value measured by heating the water by the direct current);
③ the vanadium nanometer electric heating material has rapid temperature rise, the highest temperature can reach 1500 deg.C, the use condition requirements of different uses can be satisfied by adding nickel, tungsten, chromium with certain proportion and adjusting the thickness of the composite film, and the highest temperature can be controlled by matching for thousands of times and determining the formula after test, 2-3 temperature controllers are installed to ensure the design requirements when the heating assembly is formed;
④ functional electric appliances and equipment of heating assembly made of vanadium nanometer electric heating material can boil when heating water or produce steam with certain saturation pressure, and can save energy by 50% or more than traditional water household appliances or electric heating boilers;
⑤ through a large number of experimental analysis and research, although the vanadium nano electric heating material is composed of metal alloy composite film, it presents similar semiconductor property and becomes a heating body, and the temperature rise is fast, the heat transfer rate is high, the power is not attenuated, the service life is long, it becomes a revolutionary new electric heating nano material, overcomes the shortcomings of slow temperature rise, low electric heating efficiency, attenuated power, short service life and large consumption of noble metal of the traditional electric furnace wire and titanium alloy pipe (plate) and other heating bodies;
⑥ when studying why the vanadium nanometer electric heating material is not a conductor but a semiconductor, we think that the film thickness is only 5-2 ten thousand nanometers and a very narrow gap channel, after electrifying, a large amount of electron current needs to rapidly pass through the whole film layer under the action of strong voltage to cause crowding and collision and rapid temperature rise to generate heat (especially 50HZ alternating current is positive and negative sine wave current, the electron current turns around for 50 times per second to make the middle section temperature of the heating tube higher than the two ends, which is an example), in order to avoid the film breakdown caused by the overhigh temperature rise, nickel, tungsten and chromium are added in proper proportion mainly by vanadium, firstly, to make the film more resistant to high temperature and increase rigidity and toughness, secondly, to mainly, to make the composite film add hole motion to adjust the electron flow speed, similar to the next field audience entering the entrance of a cinema, the previous field audience rapidly recedes from four level gates in the cinema to form guide flow paths to rapidly vacate seats (equivalent to holes) and the next field to achieve the balance between the electron current and the hole, to form a certain impedance, to control the temperature rise in the heating range.
Thirdly, the invention content:
1. vanadium nano electric heating material formula (according to pure metal quality)
① vanadium accounts for 40-80%;
②, 10-30% of nickel;
③ tungsten accounts for 5-16%;
④, 0-15% of chromium;
2. the thickness of the vanadium nano electric heating material composite film formed on the surface of the base material by sputtering, embedding and plating of special equipment is within the range of 5-2 ten thousand nanometers, so that the requirement that electric energy is converted into heat heating liquid or air by using alternating current and direct current power supply under the voltage of 10-220v and the nano material film to meet the design requirements under different working conditions is met;
3. the vanadium nano electric heating material has the characteristics of quick temperature rise, high electric-heat conversion rate, safety, energy conservation, environmental protection, wide application range, long continuous service life, no power attenuation, heating temperature reaching within 480 ℃ and the like.
Fourthly, the specific implementation mode:
1. making the pure metals into target blocks and target rods, and placing the target blocks and the target rods into a special preparation for nano materials to be respectively fixed;
2. the cleaned and dried clean base material which is specially processed is placed on a special fixture in special preparation and is fixed according to requirements respectively;
3. locking a preparation bin door (with a sealing strip), and installing equipment in an air high-purification chamber for purification treatment;
4. pumping out air in the preparation cavity by using molecular pump equipment to ensure that the cavity is in a vacuum state;
5. the nano material sputtering preparation is provided with a radio frequency device or other electric bombers and is connected with other devices such as an industrial computer, a refrigerating machine, power supply line input equipment, a power transformation cabinet and the like;
6. controlling the computer and the material preparation operation by using programming software;
bombarding each target material by the electron flow or the laser beam according to the process design in sequence and time length by the electric bombarder to form a particle flow of certain metal, uniformly sputtering and embedding the particle flow on the surface of the base material until the design thickness and the proportion of each metal are reached, automatically stopping the preparation, and rapidly cooling to the design requirement;
7. opening the bin gate, taking out the sputtered nano electric heating material substrate body and placing the substrate body on a station appliance;
8. coating and drying conductive paint at two ends of the processed nano electric heating material substrate body, and then assembling the substrate body with other parts, a temperature controller and the like to form a heating assembly (a core part of a functional electric appliance and equipment);
9. other parts designed and manufactured according to different purposes and the heating assembly are assembled into novel electrical appliances and equipment with various functions;
10. testing various performances and aging treatment of the assembled heating assembly and the whole machine on a testing platform, boxing and then performing vibration spot check to meet the design requirements, and warehousing the qualified products for sale;
11. functional electric appliances and equipment designed according to different user requirements need to repeatedly test different specially designed heating assemblies, then a prototype machine is made to perform various index tests and improved tests, the prototype machine is delivered to a user for trial for a period of time, the design is modified according to user feedback opinions, the prototype machine is repeatedly shaped for a plurality of times to perform a small-batch production verification process, then the functional electric appliances and the equipment are produced in batches until the functional electric appliances and the equipment are produced in batches and supplied to the market, technical data are continuously perfected, and a production line and a tool are improved to achieve double guarantees of quality and benefit;
12. because the current temperature measuring instruments in the world cannot measure the instant temperature in millisecond time level under the condition that the vanadium nano electric heating material under rated power and rated voltage is electrified and is instantly heated (namely the reaction time of the current instrument is designed for the traditional electric appliance, and the reaction of a temperature sensing element is slow), a voltage regulator mode is adopted to start from low voltage, the temperature is reached after a few seconds, and a corresponding value is marked on a coordinate graph; and then raising the voltage by a plurality of volts, measuring a time and temperature corresponding point, analogizing to obtain a plurality of points, connecting the points to form a smooth curve, deducing a formula, inputting a designed rated voltage and a time parameter, and calculating the instant temperature of the time point so as to meet the application requirement of a special user on the extremely high requirement of the corresponding relation of the time, the voltage and the temperature parameter.
In conclusion, the nano material is a new industry, particularly the vanadium nano electric heating material is a revolutionary technology, and the vanadium nano electric heating material can be seen from published and published data at home and abroad and belongs to the field of filling up the blank of the nano material in the electric heating application field. The technology has excellent properties, remarkable characteristics and wide application range, has extremely high use value and wide prospect, and will form a new industry group and a new industry rise with the popularization and application of the technology in the near future, so that China can create substantial progress.
Claims (2)
1. Vanadium nano electric heating material formula (according to pure metal quality)
Vanadium: 40% -80% of the total weight of the composition;
nickel: 10% -30%;
tungsten: 5% -16% of the total weight of the composition;
chromium: 0 to 15 percent of the ratio.
2. The thickness of the vanadium nano electric heating material composite film formed on the surface of the base material by sputtering and insert plating of special equipment is within the range of 5-2 ten thousand nanometers, so that the design requirements under different use conditions can be met by using alternating current and direct current under the voltage of 10-220v to convert electric energy into heat heating liquid or air through the nano material film by power supply.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE3347582A1 (en) * | 1983-12-30 | 1985-09-26 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Material for electrothermal resistor |
| CN1802042A (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2006-07-12 | 林正平 | Method for manufacturing semiconductor electric heating membrane |
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