CN111304552A - 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111304552A CN111304552A CN202010226803.4A CN202010226803A CN111304552A CN 111304552 A CN111304552 A CN 111304552A CN 202010226803 A CN202010226803 A CN 202010226803A CN 111304552 A CN111304552 A CN 111304552A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material, a preparation method and application thereof in manufacturing of a 3D printing mold. The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material comprises, by mass, 10.0-14.0% of chromium, 6.0-9.0% of nickel, 1.0-3.0% of molybdenum, 0.5-1.5% of aluminum, 0-0.5% of silicon, 0-0.5% of manganese, 0-1.0% of niobium, 0-0.5% of vanadium, 0-1.0% of titanium, 0-0.08% of nitrogen, 0.1-0.3% of carbon and the balance of iron. All the raw materials are mixed by adopting a vacuum melting gas atomization method to prepare 3D printing stainless steel metal powder, namely the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material. The material provided by the invention has the advantages of good wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, high hardness, small deformation of the material in the 3D printing and forming process and no cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a 3D printing stainless steel material and a forming process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing.
Background
3D printing is an advanced additive manufacturing technology and has the advantages of no influence of the complexity of parts, short production period, high customization degree and the like. At present, the production mold adopting the 3D printing technology is gradually expanded. In the 3D printing process, the temperature gradient of the formed part is large, so that the internal stress of the part is large, and the part is easy to deform and crack. The precipitation hardening stainless steel materials such as Corrax, 17-4PH and the like are selected as the 3D printing die steel materials due to small 3D printing stress, easy forming and simple heat treatment process. The die steel material has good corrosion resistance but poor wear resistance. In the using process of the die, the die is very easy to wear and cannot meet the die with high wear-resistant requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the high-wear-resistance and corrosion-resistance metal material suitable for 3D printing and used for manufacturing the die is provided.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 10.0-14.0% of chromium, 6.0-9.0% of nickel, 1.0-3.0% of molybdenum, 0.5-1.5% of aluminum, 0-0.5% of silicon, 0-0.5% of manganese, 0-1.0% of niobium, 0-0.5% of vanadium, 0-1.0% of titanium, 0-0.08% of nitrogen, 0.1-0.3% of carbon and the balance of iron.
Preferably, the mass percent of the chromium element is 10.0-12.0%; the mass percent of the nickel element is 7.0-9.0%; the mass percentage of the molybdenum element is 2.0-3.0%.
Preferably, the mass percent of the vanadium element is 0.2-0.5%.
Preferably, the mass percent of the carbon element is 0.15-0.25%.
Preferably, the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material is spherical powder, the particle size distribution of the material is 15-53 mu m, and the oxygen content is lower than 1000 ppm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material, which is characterized by weighing the raw materials in proportion and mixing all the raw materials by adopting a vacuum melting gas atomization method to prepare 3D printing stainless steel metal powder, namely the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material.
Preferably, the process parameters of the vacuum melting gas atomization method are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1500-.
The invention also provides application of the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material in manufacturing of a 3D printing die.
Preferably, the 3D printed high-wear-resistance stainless steel material is molded on a substrate by a 3D printing device by adopting a strip scanning strategy to form a workpiece; and (3) placing the workpiece in a muffle furnace for heat treatment under the protection of Ar atmosphere.
Preferably, the process parameters of the 3D printing apparatus are: the molding power is 200-300W, the scanning speed is 600-800mm/s, and the layer thickness is 30-40 μm; the heating temperature of the substrate is 100 ℃, and the workpiece is air-cooled after being formed.
Compared with the prior art, the material provided by the invention has the advantages of good wear resistance, good corrosion resistance, high hardness, small material deformation and no cracking in the 3D printing and forming process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material comprises the following powder components:
12.5 wt% of chromium element, 8.1 wt% of nickel element, 2.5 wt% of molybdenum element, 1.2 wt% of aluminum element, 0.1 wt% of silicon element, 0.2 wt% of manganese element, 0.4 wt% of niobium element, 0.3 wt% of vanadium element, 0.1 wt% of titanium element, 0.02 wt% of nitrogen element, 0.21 wt% of carbon element and the balance of iron element.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing the raw materials in proportion;
step 2: manufacturing metal powder by adopting a vacuum melting gas atomization method; the smelting temperature is 1550 ℃, the vacuum degree is 3Pa, and the atomization pressure is 3 MPa; the powder obtained by vacuum melting and gas atomization method is spherical, the particle size of the powder is 15-53 μm, and the oxygen content of the powder is 600 ppm.
Printing the high wear-resisting stainless steel material with above-mentioned 3D and being used for 3D to print and make the mould:
step a: part printing
3D printing stainless steel metal powder, and finishing molding on a substrate by adopting a strip scanning strategy, wherein the heating temperature of the substrate is 100 ℃, the molding power is 260W, the scanning speed is 640mm/s, and the layer thickness is 30 mu m;
step b: thermal treatment
And after the forming is finished, placing the workpiece in a muffle furnace for heat treatment, and adopting Ar atmosphere for protection.
The hardness and wear resistance of the formed articles at room temperature are shown in Table 1, as measured (ASTM G65-16).
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | S136(ASSAB) | Corrax(ASSAB) | |
| Hardness (HRC) | 51 | 51 | 50 |
| Weight loss (mg/min) | 75 | 76 | 146 |
Example 2
The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material comprises the following powder components:
11.8 wt% of chromium element, 8.3 wt% of nickel element, 2.3 wt% of molybdenum element, 1.4 wt% of aluminum element, 0.2 wt% of silicon element, 0.4 wt% of manganese element, 0.3 wt% of niobium element, 0.4 wt% of vanadium element, 0.2 wt% of titanium element, 0.02 wt% of nitrogen element, 0.22 wt% of carbon element and the balance of iron element.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing the raw materials in proportion;
step 2: manufacturing metal powder by adopting a vacuum melting gas atomization method; the smelting temperature is 1530 ℃, the vacuum degree is 3Pa, and the atomization pressure is 3 Mpa; the powder obtained by vacuum melting and gas atomization method is spherical, the particle size of the powder is 15-53 μm, and the oxygen content of the powder is 800 ppm.
Printing the high wear-resisting stainless steel material with above-mentioned 3D and being used for 3D to print and make the mould:
step a: part printing
3D printing stainless steel metal powder, and finishing molding on a substrate by adopting a strip scanning strategy, wherein the heating temperature of the substrate is 100 ℃, the molding power is 280W, the scanning speed is 740mm/s, and the layer thickness is 30 mu m;
step b: thermal treatment
And after the forming is finished, cutting the workpiece from the substrate by adopting linear cutting, placing the workpiece in a muffle furnace for heat treatment, and adopting Ar atmosphere for protection.
The hardness and wear resistance of the formed articles at room temperature are shown in Table 2, as measured (ASTM G65-16).
TABLE 2
| Example 2 | S136(ASSAB) | Corrax(ASSAB) | |
| Hardness (HRC) | 52 | 51 | 50 |
| Weight loss (mg/min) | 73 | 76 | 146 |
Example 3
The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material comprises the following powder components:
12.2 wt% of chromium element, 7.6 wt% of nickel element, 2.2 wt% of molybdenum element, 1.0 wt% of aluminum element, 0.1 wt% of silicon element, 0.1 wt% of manganese element, 0.5 wt% of niobium element, 0.1 wt% of vanadium element, 0.5 wt% of titanium element, 0.03 wt% of nitrogen element, 0.23 wt% of carbon element and the balance of iron element.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing the raw materials in proportion;
step 2: manufacturing metal powder by adopting a vacuum melting gas atomization method; the melting temperature is 1590 ℃, the vacuum degree is 3Pa, and the atomization pressure is 3 MPa; the powder obtained by vacuum melting and gas atomization method is spherical, the particle size of the powder is 15-53 μm, and the oxygen content of the powder is 800 ppm.
Printing the high wear-resisting stainless steel material with above-mentioned 3D and being used for 3D to print and make the mould:
step a: part printing
3D printing stainless steel metal powder, and finishing molding on a substrate by adopting a strip scanning strategy, wherein the heating temperature of the substrate is 100 ℃, the molding power is 290W, the scanning speed is 630mm/s, and the layer thickness is 40 mu m;
step b: thermal treatment
And after the forming is finished, cutting the workpiece from the substrate by adopting linear cutting, placing the workpiece in a muffle furnace for heat treatment, and adopting Ar atmosphere for protection.
The hardness and wear resistance of the formed articles at room temperature are shown in Table 3, as measured (ASTM G65-16).
TABLE 3
| Example 3 | S136(ASSAB) | Corrax(ASSAB) | |
| Hardness (HRC) | 50 | 51 | 50 |
| Weight loss (mg/min) | 79 | 76 | 146 |
Claims (10)
1. The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 10.0-14.0% of chromium, 6.0-9.0% of nickel, 1.0-3.0% of molybdenum, 0.5-1.5% of aluminum, 0-0.5% of silicon, 0-0.5% of manganese, 0-1.0% of niobium, 0-0.5% of vanadium, 0-1.0% of titanium, 0-0.08% of nitrogen, 0.1-0.3% of carbon and the balance of iron.
2. The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chromium element is 10.0-12.0% by mass; the mass percent of the nickel element is 7.0-9.0%; the mass percentage of the molybdenum element is 2.0-3.0%.
3. The 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vanadium element is 0.2-0.5% by mass.
4. The 3D printed high wear resistant stainless steel material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon element is 0.15-0.25% by mass.
5. The 3D printing high wear resistant stainless steel material according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing high wear resistant stainless steel material is spherical powder with a particle size distribution of 15-53 μm and an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm.
6. The preparation method of the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the raw materials are weighed in proportion, and all the raw materials are mixed by a vacuum melting gas atomization method to prepare the 3D printing stainless steel metal powder, namely the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material.
7. The preparation method of the 3D printing high-wear-resistance stainless steel material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the process parameters of the vacuum melting gas atomization method are as follows: the smelting temperature is 1500-.
8. Use of the 3D printed high wear resistant stainless steel material according to any one of claims 1-5 for manufacturing a 3D printing mold.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the 3D printed high wear stainless steel material is shaped on a substrate by a 3D printing apparatus using a strip scanning strategy to form a workpiece; and (3) placing the workpiece in a muffle furnace for heat treatment under the protection of Ar atmosphere.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the process parameters of the 3D printing device are: the molding power is 200-300W, the scanning speed is 600-800mm/s, and the layer thickness is 30-40 μm; the heating temperature of the substrate is 100 ℃, and the workpiece is air-cooled after being formed.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112077300A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-15 | 浙江翰德圣智能再制造技术有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant steel powder manufactured by additive manufacturing and additive manufacturing method |
| CN113263174A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Manufacturing process for high-strength corrosion-resistant additive manufacturing stainless steel |
| CN113263173A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-17 | 浙江工业大学 | Manufacturing process for high-strength hydrogen embrittlement-resistant additive manufacturing stainless steel |
| CN113584386A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-02 | 中航迈特粉冶科技（北京）有限公司 | 3D printing stainless steel material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113681005A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 宁波匠心快速成型技术有限公司 | Stainless steel 3D printing material with ultrahigh-temperature strength, preparation method and application |
| CN114107827A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-01 | 福州大学 | Duplex stainless steel powder for 3D printing and preparation and printing methods thereof |
| CN114231842A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-25 | 上海镭镆科技有限公司 | 3D printing stainless steel material and heat treatment method after printing |
| CN114346234A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant stainless steel powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112077300A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-15 | 浙江翰德圣智能再制造技术有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant corrosion-resistant steel powder manufactured by additive manufacturing and additive manufacturing method |
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| CN113584386A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-02 | 中航迈特粉冶科技（北京）有限公司 | 3D printing stainless steel material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113681005A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 宁波匠心快速成型技术有限公司 | Stainless steel 3D printing material with ultrahigh-temperature strength, preparation method and application |
| CN114231842A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-25 | 上海镭镆科技有限公司 | 3D printing stainless steel material and heat treatment method after printing |
| CN114107827A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-01 | 福州大学 | Duplex stainless steel powder for 3D printing and preparation and printing methods thereof |
| CN114346234A (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-04-15 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant stainless steel powder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114346234B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-04-16 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Wear-resistant stainless steel powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |