CN111302421B - Seawater desalination device and working method thereof - Google Patents

Seawater desalination device and working method thereof Download PDF

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CN111302421B
CN111302421B CN202010139765.9A CN202010139765A CN111302421B CN 111302421 B CN111302421 B CN 111302421B CN 202010139765 A CN202010139765 A CN 202010139765A CN 111302421 B CN111302421 B CN 111302421B
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seawater
water
pipe
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cavity
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CN111302421A (en
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周延
车少敏
孟现阳
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/043—Details
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a seawater desalination device and a working method thereof, wherein a low-pressure evaporation space is formed in an evaporation cavity by utilizing the self gravity of water, seawater is quickly evaporated in the evaporation cavity, steam is pressurized by a pressurizing fan and enters a liquefaction cavity for liquefaction, and the obtained liquid water enters a water storage tank through a pipeline. The invention has simple structure, can be applied to water treatment in areas lacking fresh water, such as islands, coastal saline-alkali soil, inland bitter and salty water areas and the like, and can also be applied to urban sewage treatment and salt drying processes.

Description

Seawater desalination device and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a seawater desalination device and a working method thereof.
Background
Fresh water is one of basic substances which depend on the survival and development of the human society, and in regions which lack fresh water, such as islands, coastal saline-alkali soil, inland brackish water land and the like, the problem that the shortage of fresh water supply is a serious problem in China is solved. The water treatment methods are various, such as distillation method, ion exchange method, reverse osmosis method and the like, and the common characteristics of the water treatment methods are high energy consumption and high cost. Solar energy is a clean and pollution-free renewable energy source and is widely used for water desalination in recent years, however, most solar water desalination devices also need additional energy supply, are relatively complex, and are only suitable for water-deficient areas with long sunshine duration, so that the device with low energy consumption, simple structure and wide application range is an important way for solving the problem of shortage of fresh water resources in the areas. At present, a water desalination method by depressurization evaporation is also available, namely, water to be treated at a certain temperature is instantaneously evaporated under the condition of sudden pressure reduction without an additional heating process.
Chinese patent No. CN03142188.1 discloses a negative pressure seawater desalination method and apparatus, which comprises precipitating and filtering seawater, inputting into a sealed container, extracting the residual air in the container to generate low pressure in the container, lowering the boiling point of water to boil at normal temperature, extracting water vapor and introducing into liquid water to mix and dissolve to obtain fresh water; the seawater desalination device has the advantages of small occupied area, no influence from weather, simple production process and long service life of equipment, but the installation position of the air extractor in the device is easy to simultaneously absorb steam and a small amount of seawater, so that the air extractor works under the condition of two-phase flow, the performance of the air extractor is influenced, and the water desalination efficiency of the device is reduced; secondly, the method of extracting the residual air in the container is adopted to obtain vacuum, and the requirement on the performance of the vacuum pump is high. Chinese patent No. CN201410529236.4 discloses a seawater desalination device and desalination method using temperature difference energy of seawater, comprising a natural circulation communication pipe, an evaporation tank with a vacuum pump, a condenser, a liquid storage tank with a water pump, a power supply device and a connection pipeline, wherein the vacuum pump and the water pump are powered by the power supply device, the upper part of the natural circulation communication pipe is located in the evaporation tank, the lower part of the natural circulation communication pipe is connected to the sea surface, the bottom of the evaporation tank is provided with an opening connected to the sea surface, the depth of the natural circulation communication pipe connected to the sea surface is larger than the depth of the evaporation tank connected to the sea surface, the buoyancy force formed by the density difference between the surface temperature seawater and the deep cold seawater is used as the driving force, so that the seawater enters from the bottom of the evaporation tank and flows out from the natural circulation communication pipe to form natural circulation, the device has, the energy-saving effect is obvious, but the energy-saving device is only suitable for water-deficient areas with long sunshine time, and places with deeper water areas, such as seawater, lakes and the like, and the vacuum state in the evaporating tank is obtained by using the vacuum pump, so that the requirement on the performance of the vacuum pump is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a seawater desalination device and a working method thereof, and the seawater desalination device has the advantages of energy conservation, simple structure, low cost and wide application range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a seawater desalination device comprises a water inlet pipe A with a water inlet arranged in a seawater pool 1, wherein the water inlet pipe A is a vertical ascending pipe, the vertical upper part of the water inlet pipe A is connected with an inlet of a first check valve 3A, an outlet of the first check valve 3A is connected with a water pump 2, the installation direction of the first check valve 3A is installed according to the direction from the water inlet pipe A to the water pump 2, a water inlet bypass 4 is connected between the water inlet pipe A and the outlet of the water pump 2 in parallel, a second check valve 3B is arranged on the bypass 4, the installation direction of the second check valve 3B is from the water inlet pipe A to the outlet of the water pump 2, the outlet of the water pump 2 is upwards connected with a vertical ascending pipe 5, the upper end of the vertical ascending pipe 5 is connected with a horizontal water inlet pipe 6 of an evaporation cavity, the horizontal water inlet pipe 6 of the evaporation cavity is communicated with an evaporation cavity 7 through a water inlet B of the evaporation, the lower end of the third check valve 3C is connected with a third check valve 3C, the inlet of the third check valve 3C in the installation direction is arranged below the upper outlet, and the outlet of the third check valve 3C is connected with a concentrated seawater outlet pipe D arranged in a concentrated seawater pool 9; the upper end of the evaporation cavity 7 is connected with a steam pipeline 10 through an evaporation cavity steam outlet C2, the steam pipeline 10 is sequentially divided into a vertical ascending pipe section, a horizontal pipe section and a vertical descending pipe section, the vertical descending pipe section is connected with a pressurizing fan 11, an outlet of the pressurizing fan 11 is connected with a liquefaction cavity 12, the bottom of the liquefaction cavity 12 is connected with a condensed water vertical descending pipe 8B, the bottom of the condensed water vertical descending pipe 8B is connected with a fourth check valve 3D, the fourth check valve 3D is arranged in a water storage tank 13, and the installation direction of the fourth check valve is from top to bottom.
The evaporation cavity 7 is a cylindrical container at the upper part, the cylindrical axis of the evaporation cavity is vertical to the horizontal plane, the bottom of the evaporation cavity is conical, and the vertical height between the connection part of the bottom and the side surface of the cylinder in the evaporation cavity 7 and the liquid level G of the concentrated seawater pool is less than h1The unit: m, is derived from1＝(P-P1)/(ρ1g) Calculation of where p1The density of the evaporated concentrated seawater is as follows: kg/m3P is local atmospheric pressure, unit: pa, P1The saturation pressure corresponding to the seawater in the seawater pool 1 at that time, and g is the local gravity acceleration; the vertical height of the top in the evaporation cavity 7 and the sea water pool liquid level F is not less than h2From h2＝P/(ρ2g) Calculation of where p2Is the density of the seawater to be treated in the seawater pool 1, and the unit is as follows: kg/m3(ii) a The evaporation cavity 7 is wrapped by a heat insulation material and insulated from the external environment; the vertical height between the position of the water inlet B of the evaporation cavity and the liquid level G of the concentrated seawater pool is more than h1The unit: m, the vertical height between the position of the water inlet B of the evaporation cavity and the liquid level F of the seawater pool 1 is less than h2The unit: and m is selected.
The vertical height of the bottom in the liquefaction cavity 12 and the liquid level J of the water storage pool is not less than h3The unit: m, represented by the formula: h is3＝P/(ρ3g) Calculation of where p3Density of the condensed water, unit: kg/m3。
The position of a water-air interface H in the evaporation cavity 7 is always lower than the position of a water inlet B of the evaporation cavity, so that the evaporated concentrated seawater flows out from a concentrated seawater outlet pipe D.
The water to be treated is instantaneously evaporated in the evaporation cavity 7 in a negative pressure state, and the steam is pressurized and liquefied into condensed water through the pressurizing fan 11.
The booster fan 11 is an axial flow fan, a rotating shaft of the booster fan is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the installation position of the booster fan is higher than that of the liquefaction cavity, and condensed water falls into the liquefaction cavity 12 in time under the action of self gravity.
The vertical ascending pipe 5, the evaporation cavity horizontal water inlet pipe 6, the evaporation cavity 7, the strong brine vertical descending pipe 8A, the steam pipeline 10 and the liquefaction cavity 12 are all in a closed heat insulation state.
The working method of the seawater desalination device adopts the methods of negative pressure evaporation and pressurized liquefaction to realize seawater desalination; starting the water pump 2, enabling the seawater to be treated to enter along the vertical ascending pipe 5 and fill all pipe sections and containers of the seawater desalination device, continuously reducing the pressure in the pipe along with the increase of the height, closing the water pump 2, forming a negative pressure working state in the evaporation cavity 7 in a natural state, so as to reduce the boiling point of the seawater to be treated, instantly evaporating the seawater, enabling the unevaporated seawater to become strong brine to pass through a strong brine vertical descending pipe 8A, discharging the strong brine from a strong brine outlet D, and further processing or preparing industrial salt; in the subsequent operation of the seawater desalination device, the water pump 2 is closed, only the booster fan 11 is started, the seawater to be treated enters the evaporation cavity 7 in a negative pressure state from the water inlet bypass 4 under the action of pressure difference, the continuous operation is realized, the pressure of the evaporation cavity 7 is reduced under the action of the booster fan 11 to cause the seawater evaporation to be accelerated, meanwhile, the pressure of the liquefaction cavity 12 is increased, the steam entering the liquefaction cavity 12 from the evaporation cavity steam outlet C2 is pressurized and condensed, and the condensed water is discharged from the condensed water outlet E through the condensed water vertical descending pipe 8B and enters the water storage tank 13, so that the continuous seawater desalination process of negative pressure evaporation and pressurized liquefaction is completed.
The invention adopts the water pump to send the water to be treated into the evaporation cavity, the pressure in the pipe is continuously reduced along with the increase of the height of the liquid column, after the water pump is closed, the negative pressure working state in the evaporation cavity is maintained in a natural state, and the boiling point of the water to be treated is further reduced, so that the water to be treated is instantaneously evaporated, the heating process is not needed, and the steam is liquefied into condensed water under the action of the pressurizing fan and enters the water storage tank. The water pump is closed in the subsequent operation of the device, the water to be treated enters the evaporation cavity in a negative pressure state from the water inlet bypass under the action of pressure difference, and the continuous negative pressure evaporation and pressurization liquefaction processes of the water to be treated can be finished only by starting the pressurization fan. The invention is especially suitable for water treatment in areas lacking fresh water, such as islands, coastal saline-alkali lands, inland brackish water areas and the like, can also be used for urban sewage treatment and salt drying processes, and has the advantages of simple structure, no heat exchange process, low energy consumption and cost, high fresh water conversion efficiency and capability of realizing continuous and stable operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a seawater desalination plant of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the seawater desalination device comprises a water inlet pipe A with a water inlet arranged in a seawater pool 1, wherein the water inlet pipe A is a vertical ascending pipe, the vertical upper part of the water inlet pipe A is connected with an inlet of a first check valve 3A, an outlet of the first check valve 3A is connected with a water pump 2, the installation direction of the first check valve 3A is installed according to the direction from the water inlet pipe A to the water pump 2, a water inlet bypass 4 is connected between the water inlet pipe A and an outlet of the water pump 2 in parallel, a second check valve 3B is arranged on the bypass 4, the installation direction of the second check valve 3B is from the water inlet pipe A to the outlet of the water pump 2, the outlet of the water pump 2 is upwards connected with a vertical ascending pipe 5, the upper end of the vertical ascending pipe 5 is connected with a horizontal water inlet pipe 6 of an evaporation cavity, the horizontal water inlet pipe 6 of the evaporation cavity is communicated with an evaporation cavity 7 through a water inlet B, the bottom of, the lower end of the third check valve 3C is connected with a third check valve 3C, the inlet of the third check valve 3C in the installation direction is arranged below the upper outlet, and the outlet of the third check valve 3C is connected with a concentrated seawater outlet pipe D arranged in a concentrated seawater pool 9; the upper end of the evaporation cavity 7 is connected with a steam pipeline 10 through an evaporation cavity steam outlet C2, the steam pipeline 10 is sequentially divided into a vertical ascending pipe section, a horizontal pipe section and a vertical descending pipe section, the vertical descending pipe section is connected with a pressurizing fan 11, an outlet of the pressurizing fan 11 is connected with a liquefaction cavity 12, the bottom of the liquefaction cavity 12 is connected with a condensed water vertical descending pipe 8B, the bottom of the condensed water vertical descending pipe 8B is connected with a fourth check valve 3D, the fourth check valve 3D is arranged in a water storage tank 13, and the installation direction of the fourth check valve is from top to bottom.
The water to be treated is instantaneously evaporated in the evaporation cavity 7 in a negative pressure state, and the steam is pressurized and liquefied into condensed water through the pressurizing fan 11.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the evaporation cavity 7 is an upper cylindrical container, the cylindrical axis of the upper cylindrical container is vertical to the horizontal plane, the bottom of the upper cylindrical container is conical, and the vertical height between the connection part of the bottom and the side surface of the cylinder in the evaporation cavity 7 and the liquid level G of the concentrated seawater pool is less than h1The unit: m, is derived from1＝(P-P1)/(ρ1g) Calculation of where p1The density of the evaporated concentrated seawater is as follows: kg/m3P is local atmospheric pressure, unit: pa, P1The saturation pressure corresponding to the seawater in the seawater pool 1 at that time, and g is the local gravity acceleration; the vertical height of the top in the evaporation cavity 7 and the sea water pool liquid level F is not less than h2From h2＝P/(ρ2g) Calculation of where p2Is the density of the seawater to be treated in the seawater pool 1, and the unit is as follows: kg/m3(ii) a The evaporation cavity 7 is wrapped by a heat insulation material and insulated from the external environment; the vertical height between the position of the water inlet B of the evaporation cavity and the liquid level G of the concentrated seawater pool is more than h1The unit: m, the vertical height between the position of the water inlet B of the evaporation cavity and the liquid level F of the seawater pool 1 is less than h2The unit: and m is selected.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the vertical height of the bottom in the liquefaction cavity 12 and the liquid level J of the water storage tank is not less than h3The unit: m, represented by the formula: h is3＝P/(ρ3g) Calculation of where p3Density of the condensed water, unit: kg/m3。
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the position of the water-air interface H in the evaporation cavity 7 is always lower than the position of the water inlet B of the evaporation cavity, so that the evaporated concentrated seawater flows out from the concentrated seawater outlet pipe D.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure fan 11 is an axial flow fan, the rotation axis of the axial flow fan is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and is installed at a position higher than the liquefaction chamber, and the condensed water falls into the liquefaction chamber 12 in time under the action of its own gravity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vertical rising pipe 5, the horizontal water inlet pipe 6 of the evaporation chamber, the evaporation chamber 7, the vertical downcomer 8A of concentrated brine, the steam pipeline 10 and the liquefaction chamber 12 are all in a closed heat-insulating state.
The working method of the seawater desalination device of the invention adopts the methods of negative pressure evaporation and pressurized liquefaction to realize seawater desalination; starting the water pump 2, enabling the seawater to be treated to enter along the vertical ascending pipe 5 and fill all pipe sections and containers of the seawater desalination device, continuously reducing the pressure in the pipe along with the increase of the height, closing the water pump 2, forming a negative pressure working state in the evaporation cavity 7 in a natural state, so as to reduce the boiling point of the seawater to be treated, instantly evaporating the seawater, enabling the unevaporated seawater to become strong brine to pass through a strong brine vertical descending pipe 8A, discharging the strong brine from a strong brine outlet D, and further processing or preparing industrial salt; in the subsequent operation of the seawater desalination device, the water pump 2 is closed, only the booster fan 11 is started, the seawater to be treated enters the evaporation cavity 7 in a negative pressure state from the water inlet bypass 4 under the action of pressure difference, the continuous operation is realized, the pressure of the evaporation cavity 7 is reduced under the action of the booster fan 11 to cause the seawater evaporation to be accelerated, meanwhile, the pressure of the liquefaction cavity 12 is increased, the steam entering the liquefaction cavity 12 from the evaporation cavity steam outlet C2 is pressurized and condensed, and the condensed water is discharged from the condensed water outlet E through the condensed water vertical descending pipe 8B and enters the water storage tank 13, so that the continuous seawater desalination process of negative pressure evaporation and pressurized liquefaction is completed.
The invention adopts the method of negative pressure evaporation and pressurization liquefaction to realize seawater desalination, namely, a water pump is adopted to enable water to be treated to enter the device along a vertical ascending pipe, the pressure in the pipe is continuously reduced along with the increase of the height, after the water pump is closed, a negative pressure working state is formed in an evaporation cavity in a natural state, the boiling point of the seawater to be treated is reduced, the negative pressure evaporation is carried out, no additional heating process is needed, steam is pressurized and liquefied into condensed water under the action of a pressurization fan, the water pump is closed in the subsequent operation of the seawater desalination device, only the pressurization fan is started, and the seawater to be treated can continuously work after entering the evaporation cavity in the negative pressure state from a water inlet bypass under the action of pressure difference. The water treatment device is particularly suitable for water treatment in areas lacking fresh water, such as islands, coastal saline-alkali lands, inland brackish water areas and the like, can also be used for urban sewage treatment and salt sunning processes or emergency fresh water supplement in field work, and has the advantages of no heat exchange process, low energy consumption, simple structure, low cost, high fresh water conversion efficiency and capability of realizing continuous and stable operation.

Claims (7)

1. A seawater desalination device is characterized in that: the device comprises a water inlet pipe (A) arranged in a seawater pool (1) through a water inlet, the water inlet pipe (A) is a vertical ascending pipe, the vertical upper part of the water inlet pipe is connected with an inlet of a first check valve (3A), an outlet of the first check valve (3A) is connected with a water pump (2), the installation direction of the first check valve (3A) is installed according to the direction from the water inlet pipe (A) to the water pump (2), a water inlet bypass (4) is connected between the outlet of the water inlet pipe (A) and the outlet of the water pump (2) in parallel, a second check valve (3B) is arranged on the bypass (4), the installation direction of the second check valve (3B) is connected from the inlet pipe (A) to the outlet of the water pump (2), the outlet of the water pump (2) is upwards connected with the vertical ascending pipe (5), the upper end of the vertical ascending pipe (5) is connected with a horizontal water inlet pipe (6), the bottom of the evaporation cavity (7) is connected with a strong brine vertical downcomer (8A) through an evaporation cavity water outlet (C1), the strong brine vertical downcomer (8A) is vertically installed, the lower end of the strong brine vertical downcomer is connected with a third check valve (3C), the inlet of the third check valve (3C) in the installation direction is arranged below the upper outlet, and the outlet of the third check valve is connected with a strong seawater outlet pipe (D) arranged in a strong seawater pool (9); the upper end of an evaporation cavity (7) is connected with a steam pipeline (10) through an evaporation cavity steam outlet (C2), the steam pipeline (10) is sequentially divided into a vertical ascending pipe section, a horizontal pipe section and a vertical descending pipe section, the vertical descending pipe section is connected with a pressurizing fan (11), the outlet of the pressurizing fan (11) is connected with a liquefaction cavity (12), the bottom of the liquefaction cavity (12) is connected with a condensed water vertical descending pipe (8B), the bottom of the condensed water vertical descending pipe (8B) is connected with a fourth check valve (3D), the fourth check valve (3D) is arranged in a water storage pool (13), and the installation direction of the fourth check valve is from top to bottom;
the evaporation cavity (7) is a cylindrical container at the upper part, the cylindrical axis of the evaporation cavity is vertical to the horizontal plane, the bottom of the evaporation cavity is conical, and the vertical height between the connection part of the bottom in the evaporation cavity (7) and the side surface of the cylinder and the liquid level (G) of the concentrated seawater pool is less than h1The unit: m, is derived from1＝(P-P1)/(ρ1g) Calculation of where p1The density of the evaporated concentrated seawater is as follows: kg/m3P is local atmospheric pressure, unit: pa, P1The saturation pressure corresponding to the seawater in the seawater pool (1) at that time is g, and the g is the local gravity acceleration; the vertical height of the top in the evaporation cavity (7) and the liquid level (F) of the seawater pool is not less than h2From h2＝P/(ρ2g) Calculation of where p2Is the density of the seawater to be treated in the seawater pool (1), and the unit is as follows: kg/m3(ii) a The evaporation cavity (7) is wrapped by a heat insulation material and insulated from the external environment; the vertical height between the position of the water inlet (B) of the evaporation cavity and the liquid level (G) of the concentrated seawater pool is more than h1The unit: m, the vertical height between the position of the evaporation cavity water inlet (B) and the liquid level (F) of the seawater pool (1) is less than h2The unit: and m is selected.
2. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical height of the bottom in the liquefaction cavity (12) and the liquid level height (J) of the water storage pool is not less than h3The unit: m, represented by the formula: h is3＝P/(ρ3g) Calculation of where p3Density of the condensed water, unit: kg/m3。
3. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the position of a water-air interface (H) in the evaporation cavity (7) is always lower than the position of a water inlet (B) of the evaporation cavity, so that the evaporated concentrated seawater flows out from a concentrated seawater outlet pipe (D).
4. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: water to be treated is instantaneously evaporated in the evaporation cavity (7) in a negative pressure state, and steam is pressurized and liquefied into condensed water through the pressurizing fan (11).
5. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressurizing fan (11) is an axial flow fan, a rotating shaft of the pressurizing fan is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the installation position of the pressurizing fan is higher than that of the liquefying cavity, and condensed water falls into the liquefying cavity (12) in time under the action of self gravity.
6. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical ascending pipe (5), the evaporation cavity horizontal water inlet pipe (6), the evaporation cavity (7), the strong brine vertical descending pipe (8A), the steam pipeline (10) and the liquefaction cavity (12) are all in a closed heat insulation state.
7. A method of operating a seawater desalination plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method of negative pressure evaporation and pressurization liquefaction is adopted to realize seawater desalination; starting a water pump (2), enabling seawater to be treated to enter along a vertical ascending pipe (5) and fill all pipe sections and containers of the seawater desalination device, continuously reducing the pressure in the pipe along with the increase of the height, and after closing the water pump (2), forming a negative pressure working state in an evaporation cavity (7) in a natural state so as to reduce the boiling point of the seawater to be treated, instantly evaporating the seawater, enabling the unevaporated seawater to become concentrated brine to pass through a concentrated brine vertical descending pipe (8A) and be discharged from a concentrated brine outlet (D), and further processing or preparing industrial salt; the water pump (2) is closed in the subsequent operation of the seawater desalination device, only the pressurizing fan (11) is started, the seawater to be treated enters the evaporation cavity (7) in a negative pressure state from the water inlet bypass (4) under the action of pressure difference, the pressure of the evaporation cavity (7) is reduced under the action of the pressurizing fan (11) to cause the seawater evaporation to be accelerated, meanwhile, the pressure of the liquefaction cavity (12) is increased to ensure that the steam entering the liquefaction cavity (12) from the steam outlet (C2) of the evaporation cavity is pressurized and condensed, and the condensed water is discharged from the condensed water outlet (E) through the condensed water vertical descending pipe (8B) and enters the water storage tank (13), so that the continuous seawater desalination process of negative pressure evaporation and pressurization liquefaction is completed.
CN202010139765.9A 2020-03-03 2020-03-03 Seawater desalination device and working method thereof Active CN111302421B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1473765A (en) * 2003-08-11 2004-02-11 马一爽 Negative pressure seawater desalination method and its device
CN100584765C (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-01-27 上海理工大学 Natural vacuum low temperature distillation sea water desalination method and device
CN101993122A (en) * 2009-08-20 2011-03-30 北京航空航天大学 Low-temperature heat energy driven double-container device for distilling and separating water evaporated under negative pressure
CN104261499B (en) * 2014-10-09 2016-02-24 中国科学院广州能源研究所 A kind of thermal gradient energy of sea water natural circulation sea water desalinating plant and desalination method

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